Bochs/bochs/cpu/iret.cc

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// $Id: iret.cc,v 1.34 2008-05-06 19:45:17 sshwarts Exp $
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//   Copyright (c) 2005 Stanislav Shwartsman
//          Written by Stanislav Shwartsman [sshwarts at sourceforge net]
//
//  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
//  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
//  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
//  version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
//  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
//  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
//  Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
//  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
//  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
//  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
//
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define NEED_CPU_REG_SHORTCUTS 1
#include "bochs.h"
#include "cpu.h"
#define LOG_THIS BX_CPU_THIS_PTR

#if BX_SUPPORT_X86_64==0
// Make life easier merging cpu64 & cpu code.
#define RIP EIP
#endif

  void BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(1)
BX_CPU_C::iret_protected(bxInstruction_c *i)
{
  Bit16u raw_cs_selector, raw_ss_selector;
  bx_selector_t cs_selector, ss_selector;
  Bit32u dword1, dword2;
  bx_descriptor_t cs_descriptor, ss_descriptor;

#if BX_SUPPORT_X86_64
  if (long_mode()) {
    long_iret(i);
    return;
  }
#endif

  if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_NT())   /* NT = 1: RETURN FROM NESTED TASK */
  {
    /* what's the deal with NT & VM ? */
    Bit16u raw_link_selector;
    bx_selector_t   link_selector;
    bx_descriptor_t tss_descriptor;

    if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_VM())
      BX_PANIC(("iret_protected: VM sholdn't be set here !"));

    BX_DEBUG(("IRET: nested task return"));

    if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR tr.cache.valid==0)
      BX_PANIC(("IRET: TR not valid"));
    Bit32u base32 = (Bit32u) BX_CPU_THIS_PTR tr.cache.u.system.base;

    // examine back link selector in TSS addressed by current TR:
    access_read_linear(base32, 2, 0, BX_READ, &raw_link_selector);

    // must specify global, else #TS(new TSS selector)
    parse_selector(raw_link_selector, &link_selector);

    if (link_selector.ti) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: link selector.ti=1"));
      exception(BX_TS_EXCEPTION, raw_link_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    // index must be within GDT limits, else #TS(new TSS selector)
    fetch_raw_descriptor(&link_selector, &dword1, &dword2, BX_TS_EXCEPTION);

    // AR byte must specify TSS, else #TS(new TSS selector)
    // new TSS must be busy, else #TS(new TSS selector)
    parse_descriptor(dword1, dword2, &tss_descriptor);
    if (tss_descriptor.valid==0 || tss_descriptor.segment) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: TSS selector points to bad TSS"));
      exception(BX_TS_EXCEPTION, raw_link_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }
    if ((tss_descriptor.type!=11) && (tss_descriptor.type!=3)) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: TSS selector points to bad TSS"));
      exception(BX_TS_EXCEPTION, raw_link_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    // TSS must be present, else #NP(new TSS selector)
    if (! IS_PRESENT(tss_descriptor)) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: task descriptor.p == 0"));
      exception(BX_NP_EXCEPTION, raw_link_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    // switch tasks (without nesting) to TSS specified by back link selector
    task_switch(&link_selector, &tss_descriptor,
                BX_TASK_FROM_IRET, dword1, dword2);

    // mark the task just abandoned as not busy

    // EIP must be within code seg limit, else #GP(0)
    if (EIP > BX_CPU_THIS_PTR sregs[BX_SEG_REG_CS].cache.u.segment.limit_scaled) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: EIP > CS.limit"));
      exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, 0, 0);
    }

    return;
  }

  /* NT = 0: INTERRUPT RETURN ON STACK -or STACK_RETURN_TO_V86 */
  unsigned top_nbytes_same;
  Bit32u new_eip = 0, new_esp, temp_ESP, new_eflags = 0;
  Bit16u new_ip = 0, new_flags = 0;

  /* 16bit opsize  |   32bit opsize
   * ==============================
   * SS     eSP+8  |   SS     eSP+16
   * SP     eSP+6  |   ESP    eSP+12
   * -------------------------------
   * FLAGS  eSP+4  |   EFLAGS eSP+8
   * CS     eSP+2  |   CS     eSP+4
   * IP     eSP+0  |   EIP    eSP+0
   */

  if (i->os32L()) {
    top_nbytes_same = 12;
  }
  else {
    top_nbytes_same = 6;
  }

  if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR sregs[BX_SEG_REG_SS].cache.u.segment.d_b)
    temp_ESP = ESP;
  else
    temp_ESP = SP;

  if (i->os32L()) {
    new_eflags      =          read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 8);
    raw_cs_selector = (Bit16u) read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 4);
    new_eip         =          read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 0);

    // if VM=1 in flags image on stack then STACK_RETURN_TO_V86
    if (new_eflags & EFlagsVMMask) {
      if (CPL == 0) {
        BX_CPU_THIS_PTR stack_return_to_v86(new_eip, raw_cs_selector, new_eflags);
        return;
      }
      else BX_INFO(("iret: VM set on stack, CPL!=0"));
    }
  }
  else {
    new_flags       = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 4);
    raw_cs_selector = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 2);
    new_ip          = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 0);
  }

  parse_selector(raw_cs_selector, &cs_selector);

  // return CS selector must be non-null, else #GP(0)
  if ((raw_cs_selector & 0xfffc) == 0) {
    BX_ERROR(("iret: return CS selector null"));
    exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, 0, 0);
  }

  // selector index must be within descriptor table limits,
  // else #GP(return selector)
  fetch_raw_descriptor(&cs_selector, &dword1, &dword2, BX_GP_EXCEPTION);
  parse_descriptor(dword1, dword2, &cs_descriptor);

  // return CS selector RPL must be >= CPL, else #GP(return selector)
  if (cs_selector.rpl < CPL) {
    BX_ERROR(("iret: return selector RPL < CPL"));
    exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_cs_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
  }

  // check code-segment descriptor
  check_cs(&cs_descriptor, raw_cs_selector, 0, cs_selector.rpl);

  if (cs_selector.rpl == CPL) { /* INTERRUPT RETURN TO SAME LEVEL */
    /* top 6/12 bytes on stack must be within limits, else #SS(0) */
    /* satisfied above */
    if (i->os32L()) {
      /* load CS-cache with new code segment descriptor */
      branch_far32(&cs_selector, &cs_descriptor, new_eip, cs_selector.rpl);

      // ID,VIP,VIF,AC,VM,RF,x,NT,IOPL,OF,DF,IF,TF,SF,ZF,x,AF,x,PF,x,CF
      Bit32u changeMask = EFlagsOSZAPCMask | EFlagsTFMask |
                              EFlagsDFMask | EFlagsNTMask | EFlagsRFMask;
#if BX_CPU_LEVEL >= 4
      changeMask |= (EFlagsIDMask | EFlagsACMask);  // ID/AC
#endif
      if (CPL <= BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_IOPL())
        changeMask |= EFlagsIFMask;
      if (CPL == 0)
        changeMask |= EFlagsVIPMask | EFlagsVIFMask | EFlagsIOPLMask;

      // IF only changed if (CPL <= EFLAGS.IOPL)
      // VIF, VIP, IOPL only changed if CPL == 0
      // VM unaffected
      writeEFlags(new_eflags, changeMask);
    }
    else {
      /* load CS-cache with new code segment descriptor */
      branch_far32(&cs_selector, &cs_descriptor, (Bit32u) new_ip, cs_selector.rpl);

      /* load flags with third word on stack */
      write_flags(new_flags, CPL==0, CPL<=BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_IOPL());
    }

    /* increment stack by 6/12 */
    if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR sregs[BX_SEG_REG_SS].cache.u.segment.d_b)
      ESP += top_nbytes_same;
    else
       SP += top_nbytes_same;
    return;
  }
  else { /* INTERRUPT RETURN TO OUTER PRIVILEGE LEVEL */
    /* 16bit opsize  |   32bit opsize
     * ==============================
     * SS     eSP+8  |   SS     eSP+16
     * SP     eSP+6  |   ESP    eSP+12
     * FLAGS  eSP+4  |   EFLAGS eSP+8
     * CS     eSP+2  |   CS     eSP+4
     * IP     eSP+0  |   EIP    eSP+0
     */

    /* examine return SS selector and associated descriptor */
    if (i->os32L()) {
      raw_ss_selector = (Bit16u) read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 16);
    }
    else {
      raw_ss_selector = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 8);
    }

    /* selector must be non-null, else #GP(0) */
    if ((raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc) == 0) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: SS selector null"));
      exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, 0, 0);
    }

    parse_selector(raw_ss_selector, &ss_selector);

    /* selector RPL must = RPL of return CS selector,
     * else #GP(SS selector) */
    if (ss_selector.rpl != cs_selector.rpl) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: SS.rpl != CS.rpl"));
      exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    /* selector index must be within its descriptor table limits,
     * else #GP(SS selector) */
    fetch_raw_descriptor(&ss_selector, &dword1, &dword2, BX_GP_EXCEPTION);

    parse_descriptor(dword1, dword2, &ss_descriptor);

    /* AR byte must indicate a writable data segment,
     * else #GP(SS selector) */
    if (ss_descriptor.valid==0 || ss_descriptor.segment==0 ||
         IS_CODE_SEGMENT(ss_descriptor.type) ||
        !IS_DATA_SEGMENT_WRITEABLE(ss_descriptor.type))
    {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: SS AR byte not writable or code segment"));
      exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    /* stack segment DPL must equal the RPL of the return CS selector,
     * else #GP(SS selector) */
    if (ss_descriptor.dpl != cs_selector.rpl) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: SS.dpl != CS selector RPL"));
      exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    /* SS must be present, else #NP(SS selector) */
    if (! IS_PRESENT(ss_descriptor)) {
      BX_ERROR(("iret: SS not present!"));
      exception(BX_NP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
    }

    if (i->os32L()) {
      new_esp    = read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 12);
      new_eflags = read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP +  8);
      new_eip    = read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP +  0);
    }
    else {
      new_esp    = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 6);
      new_eflags = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 4);
      new_eip    = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_ESP + 0);
    }

    Bit8u prev_cpl = CPL; /* previous CPL */

    /* load CS:EIP from stack */
    /* load the CS-cache with CS descriptor */
    /* set CPL to the RPL of the return CS selector */
    branch_far32(&cs_selector, &cs_descriptor, new_eip, cs_selector.rpl);

    // ID,VIP,VIF,AC,VM,RF,x,NT,IOPL,OF,DF,IF,TF,SF,ZF,x,AF,x,PF,x,CF
    Bit32u changeMask = EFlagsOSZAPCMask | EFlagsTFMask |
                            EFlagsDFMask | EFlagsNTMask | EFlagsRFMask;
#if BX_CPU_LEVEL >= 4
    changeMask |= (EFlagsIDMask | EFlagsACMask);  // ID/AC
#endif
    if (prev_cpl <= BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_IOPL())
      changeMask |= EFlagsIFMask;
    if (prev_cpl == 0)
      changeMask |= EFlagsVIPMask | EFlagsVIFMask | EFlagsIOPLMask;

    if (cs_descriptor.u.segment.d_b)
      changeMask &= 0xffff;

    // IF only changed if (prev_CPL <= EFLAGS.IOPL)
    // VIF, VIP, IOPL only changed if prev_CPL == 0
    // VM unaffected
    writeEFlags(new_eflags, changeMask);

    // load SS:eSP from stack
    // load the SS-cache with SS descriptor
    load_ss(&ss_selector, &ss_descriptor, cs_selector.rpl);
    if (ss_descriptor.u.segment.d_b)
      ESP = new_esp;
    else
      SP  = new_esp;

    validate_seg_regs();
  }
}

#if BX_SUPPORT_X86_64
  void BX_CPP_AttrRegparmN(1)
BX_CPU_C::long_iret(bxInstruction_c *i)
{
  Bit16u raw_cs_selector, raw_ss_selector;
  bx_selector_t cs_selector, ss_selector;
  Bit32u dword1, dword2;
  bx_descriptor_t cs_descriptor, ss_descriptor;
  Bit32u new_eflags;
  Bit64u new_rip, new_rsp, temp_RSP;

  BX_DEBUG (("LONG MODE IRET"));

  if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_NT()) {
    BX_ERROR(("iret64: return from nested task in x86-64 mode !"));
    exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, 0, 0);
  }

  /* 64bit opsize
   * ============
   * SS     eSP+32
   * ESP    eSP+24
   * -------------
   * EFLAGS eSP+16
   * CS     eSP+8
   * EIP    eSP+0
   */

  if (StackAddrSize64()) temp_RSP = RSP;
  else {
    if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR sregs[BX_SEG_REG_SS].cache.u.segment.d_b) temp_RSP = ESP;
    else temp_RSP = SP;
  }

  unsigned top_nbytes_same = 0; /* stop compiler warnings */

  if (i->os64L()) {
    new_eflags      = (Bit32u) read_virtual_qword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 16);
    raw_cs_selector = (Bit16u) read_virtual_qword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP +  8);
    new_rip         =          read_virtual_qword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP +  0);
    top_nbytes_same = 24;
  }
  else if (i->os32L()) {
    new_eflags      =          read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 8);
    raw_cs_selector = (Bit16u) read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 4);
    new_rip         = (Bit64u) read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 0);
    top_nbytes_same = 12;
  }
  else {
    new_eflags      =          read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 4);
    raw_cs_selector =          read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 2);
    new_rip         = (Bit64u) read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 0);
    top_nbytes_same = 6;
  }

  // ignore VM flag in long mode
  new_eflags &= ~EFlagsVMMask;

  parse_selector(raw_cs_selector, &cs_selector);

  // return CS selector must be non-null, else #GP(0)
  if ((raw_cs_selector & 0xfffc) == 0) {
    BX_ERROR(("iret64: return CS selector null"));
    exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, 0, 0);
  }

  // selector index must be within descriptor table limits,
  // else #GP(return selector)
  fetch_raw_descriptor(&cs_selector, &dword1, &dword2, BX_GP_EXCEPTION);
  parse_descriptor(dword1, dword2, &cs_descriptor);

  // return CS selector RPL must be >= CPL, else #GP(return selector)
  if (cs_selector.rpl < CPL) {
    BX_ERROR(("iret64: return selector RPL < CPL"));
    exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_cs_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
  }

  // check code-segment descriptor
  check_cs(&cs_descriptor, raw_cs_selector, 0, cs_selector.rpl);

  /* INTERRUPT RETURN TO SAME PRIVILEGE LEVEL */
  if ((cs_selector.rpl == CPL) && (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR cpu_mode != BX_MODE_LONG_64))
  {
    /* top 24 bytes on stack must be within limits, else #SS(0) */
    /* satisfied above */

    /* load CS:EIP from stack */
    /* load CS-cache with new code segment descriptor */
    branch_far32(&cs_selector, &cs_descriptor, (Bit32u) new_rip, CPL);

    // ID,VIP,VIF,AC,VM,RF,x,NT,IOPL,OF,DF,IF,TF,SF,ZF,x,AF,x,PF,x,CF
    Bit32u changeMask = EFlagsOSZAPCMask | EFlagsTFMask | EFlagsDFMask |
                            EFlagsNTMask | EFlagsRFMask | EFlagsIDMask | EFlagsACMask;
    if (CPL <= BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_IOPL())
      changeMask |= EFlagsIFMask;
    if (CPL == 0)
      changeMask |= EFlagsVIPMask | EFlagsVIFMask | EFlagsIOPLMask;

    // IF only changed if (CPL <= EFLAGS.IOPL)
    // VIF, VIP, IOPL only changed if CPL == 0
    // VM unaffected
    writeEFlags(new_eflags, changeMask);

    /* we are NOT in 64-bit mode */
    if (BX_CPU_THIS_PTR sregs[BX_SEG_REG_SS].cache.u.segment.d_b)
      ESP += top_nbytes_same;
    else
       SP += top_nbytes_same;
  }
  else { /* INTERRUPT RETURN TO OUTER PRIVILEGE LEVEL or 64 BIT MODE */
    /* 64bit opsize
     * ============
     * SS     eSP+32
     * ESP    eSP+24
     * EFLAGS eSP+16
     * CS     eSP+8
     * EIP    eSP+0
     */

    /* examine return SS selector and associated descriptor */
    if (i->os64L()) {
      raw_ss_selector = (Bit16u) read_virtual_qword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 32);
    }
    else if (i->os32L()) {
      raw_ss_selector = (Bit16u) read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 16);
    }
    else {
      raw_ss_selector = read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 8);
    }

    if ((raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc) == 0) {
      if (! IS_LONG64_SEGMENT(cs_descriptor) || cs_selector.rpl == 3) {
        BX_ERROR(("iret64: SS selector null"));
        exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, 0, 0);
      }
    }
    else {
      parse_selector(raw_ss_selector, &ss_selector);

      /* selector RPL must = RPL of return CS selector,
       * else #GP(SS selector) */
      if (ss_selector.rpl != cs_selector.rpl) {
        BX_ERROR(("iret64: SS.rpl != CS.rpl"));
        exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
      }

      /* selector index must be within its descriptor table limits,
       * else #GP(SS selector) */
      fetch_raw_descriptor(&ss_selector, &dword1, &dword2, BX_GP_EXCEPTION);
      parse_descriptor(dword1, dword2, &ss_descriptor);

      /* AR byte must indicate a writable data segment,
       * else #GP(SS selector) */
      if (ss_descriptor.valid==0 || ss_descriptor.segment==0 ||
          IS_CODE_SEGMENT(ss_descriptor.type) ||
         !IS_DATA_SEGMENT_WRITEABLE(ss_descriptor.type))
      {
        BX_ERROR(("iret64: SS AR byte not writable or code segment"));
        exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
      }

      /* stack segment DPL must equal the RPL of the return CS selector,
       * else #GP(SS selector) */
      if (ss_descriptor.dpl != cs_selector.rpl) {
        BX_ERROR(("iret64: SS.dpl != CS selector RPL"));
        exception(BX_GP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
      }

      /* SS must be present, else #NP(SS selector) */
      if (! IS_PRESENT(ss_descriptor)) {
        BX_ERROR(("iret64: SS not present!"));
        exception(BX_NP_EXCEPTION, raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc, 0);
      }
    }

    if (i->os64L()) {
      new_rsp = read_virtual_qword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 24);
    }
    else if (i->os32L()) {
      new_rsp = (Bit64u) read_virtual_dword(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 12);
    }
    else {
      new_rsp = (Bit64u) read_virtual_word(BX_SEG_REG_SS, temp_RSP + 6);
    }

    Bit8u prev_cpl = CPL; /* previous CPL */

    /* set CPL to the RPL of the return CS selector */
    branch_far64(&cs_selector, &cs_descriptor, new_rip, cs_selector.rpl);

    // ID,VIP,VIF,AC,VM,RF,x,NT,IOPL,OF,DF,IF,TF,SF,ZF,x,AF,x,PF,x,CF
    Bit32u changeMask = EFlagsOSZAPCMask | EFlagsTFMask | EFlagsDFMask |
                            EFlagsNTMask | EFlagsRFMask | EFlagsIDMask | EFlagsACMask;
    if (prev_cpl <= BX_CPU_THIS_PTR get_IOPL())
      changeMask |= EFlagsIFMask;
    if (prev_cpl == 0)
      changeMask |= EFlagsVIPMask | EFlagsVIFMask | EFlagsIOPLMask;

    if (cs_descriptor.u.segment.d_b)
      changeMask &= 0xffff;

    // IF only changed if (prev_CPL <= EFLAGS.IOPL)
    // VIF, VIP, IOPL only changed if prev_CPL == 0
    // VM unaffected
    writeEFlags(new_eflags, changeMask);

    if ((raw_ss_selector & 0xfffc) != 0) {
      // load SS:RSP from stack
      // load the SS-cache with SS descriptor
      load_ss(&ss_selector, &ss_descriptor, cs_selector.rpl);
    }
    else {
      // we are in 64-bit mode !
      load_null_selector(&BX_CPU_THIS_PTR sregs[BX_SEG_REG_SS]);
      loadSRegLMNominal(BX_SEG_REG_SS, raw_ss_selector, cs_selector.rpl);
    }

    if (StackAddrSize64()) RSP = new_rsp;
    else {
      if (ss_descriptor.u.segment.d_b) ESP = (Bit32u) new_rsp;
      else SP = (Bit16u) new_rsp;
    }

    if (prev_cpl != CPL) validate_seg_regs();
  }
}
#endif