mirror of
https://github.com/MidnightCommander/mc
synced 2024-12-23 04:46:55 +03:00
3276 lines
102 KiB
Groff
3276 lines
102 KiB
Groff
.\" Tradotto dal 15 agosto 2002 da
|
|
.\" Marco Ciampa <ciampix@libero.it>
|
|
.\" Chi vuole contribuire si aggiunga il nome qui sotto.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.TH mc 1 "30 Ottobre 1998"
|
|
.\"SKIP_SECTION"
|
|
.SH "NOME"
|
|
mc \- interfaccia visuale per sistemi tipo Unix.
|
|
.\"SKIP_SECTION"
|
|
.SH "USO"
|
|
.B mc
|
|
[\-abcCdfhPstuUVx?] [\-l log] [dir1 [dir2]] [-v file]
|
|
.\"NODE "DESCRIPTION"
|
|
.SH "DESCRIZIONE"
|
|
.LP
|
|
Il Midnight Commander è un file manager per sistemi operativi di tipo Unix.
|
|
.\".\"DONT_SPLIT"
|
|
.\"NODE "OPTIONS"
|
|
.SH "OPZIONI"
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-a"
|
|
Disabilita l'uso dei caratteri grafici per il disegno delle linee.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-b"
|
|
Forza la visualizzazione in bianco e nero.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-c"
|
|
Forza la modalità colore, prego vedere la sezione
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Colori
|
|
.\"Colors"
|
|
per informazioni aggiuntive.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-C arg"
|
|
Usato per specificare un set di colori differente a riga di comando.
|
|
Il formato di arg è documentato nella sezione
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Colori
|
|
.\"Colors"
|
|
\&.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-d"
|
|
Disabilita il supporto mouse.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-f"
|
|
Mostra i percorsi di ricerca compilati per i file del Midnight Commander.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-k"
|
|
Reimposta i softkeys ai valori predefiniti dal database termcap/terminfo.
|
|
Utile solo su terminali HP quando non vanno i tasti funzione.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "-l file"
|
|
Salva il dialogo ftpfs con il server in file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-P"
|
|
All'uscita, il Midnight Commander stampa l'ultima directory in uso.
|
|
Questa funzione non è fatta per un uso diretto, ma dovrebbe essere
|
|
utilizzata da una speciale funzione shell che imposti automaticamente
|
|
l'ultima directory corrente della shell come l'ultima directory in cui
|
|
stava il Midnight Commander (grazie a Torben Fjerdingstad e Sergey per
|
|
il contributo di questa funzione e per il codice che la implementa).
|
|
Prelevate i file
|
|
.B @prefix@/lib/mc/bin/mc.sh
|
|
(utenti bash e zsh) e rispettivamente
|
|
.B @prefix@/lib/mc/bin/mc.csh
|
|
(utenti tcsh) per avere questa funzione definita.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-s"
|
|
Abilita il modo terminale lento, in questa modalità il programma
|
|
non disegna le linee e disabilita la modalità prolissa.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-t"
|
|
Usata solo se il codice è stato compilato con Slang e terminfo: fa
|
|
in modo che il Midnight Commander usi il valore della variabile
|
|
.B TERMCAP
|
|
per le informazioni sul terminale invece delle informazioni di sistema
|
|
sul database terminali.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-u"
|
|
Disabilita l'uso della shell concorrente (ha senso solo se il
|
|
Midnight Commander è stato compilato con il supporto per la shell
|
|
concorrente).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-U"
|
|
Abilita l'uso della shell concorrente (ha senso solo se il
|
|
Midnight Commander è stato compilato con il supporto per la shell
|
|
concorrente impostato come una caratteristica opzionale).
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-v file"
|
|
Lancia il visualizzatore interno per il file specificato.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-V"
|
|
Mostra la versione del programma.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.I "\-x"
|
|
Forza la modalità xterm. Usata quando è in funzione su terminali
|
|
abilitati-xterm (due modalità video e in grado di spedire sequenze
|
|
mouse di escape).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se specificato, il primo percorso è la directory mostrata nel
|
|
pannello selezionato; il secondo è la directory mostrata nell'altro
|
|
pannello.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE "Overview"
|
|
.SH "Panoramica"
|
|
Lo schermo del Midnight Commander è diviso in quattro parti.
|
|
Quasi tutto lo spazio è occupato dai due pannelli directory.
|
|
Per default, la seconda linea dal fondo è la riga di comando,
|
|
mentre quella in basso mostra le etichette dei tasti funzione.
|
|
La riga più in alto è la
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
riga dei menu.
|
|
.\"Menu Bar"
|
|
La barra dei menu può essere invisibile, ma compare se clicchi la
|
|
riga più in alto con il mouse o se premi il tasto F9.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il Midnight Commander fornisce la vista di due directory
|
|
contemporaneamente. Uno dei due pannelli è quello corrente (la barra
|
|
di selezione è presente solo in questo). Quasi tutte le operazioni
|
|
hanno lougo nel pannello corrente. Alcune azioni come Rinomina e
|
|
Copia usano la directory del pannello non selezionato come valore
|
|
predefinito di destinazione (ma si richiede sempre una conferma prima).
|
|
Per informazioni aggiuntive, vedere le sezioni sui
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Pannelli Directory,
|
|
.\"Directory Panels"
|
|
i
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu Sinistro e Destro
|
|
.\"Left and Right Menus"
|
|
e
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu File.
|
|
.\"File Menu"
|
|
.PP
|
|
E' possibile eseguire comandi di sistema dal Midnight Commander
|
|
semplicemente battendoli. Ogni cosa scritta apparirà sulla linea di
|
|
comando e quando si preme l'invio il Midnight Commander eseguirà la
|
|
riga di comando appena battuta; leggere le sezioni
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Shell a Riga di Comando
|
|
.\"Shell Command Line"
|
|
e
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Tasti di Ingresso
|
|
.\"Input Line Keys"
|
|
per saperne di più sulla riga di comando.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE "Mouse Support"
|
|
.SH "Supporto Mouse"
|
|
Il Midnight Commander è fornito di supporto mouse. Esso viene
|
|
attivato ogniqualvolta lo si esegue in un terminale
|
|
.B xterm(1)
|
|
(funziona anche se si fa una connessione telnet o rlogin con
|
|
un'altra macchina da un xterm) o se sta funzionando su una console Linux
|
|
e si ha il mouse server
|
|
.B gpm
|
|
in funzione.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Quando si fa click con il tasto sinistro in un file nel pannello
|
|
directory, il file viene selezionato; se si fa click con il tasto destro
|
|
il file viene marcato (o smarcato, a seconda dello stato precedente).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se il file è un programma eseguibile, il doppio click su di esso lo eseguirà
|
|
altrimenti se il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
file estensioni
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
ha un programma specifico per quell'estensione del file, il suddetto programma
|
|
verrà eseguito.
|
|
.PP
|
|
E' anche possibile eseguire i comandi assegnati ai tasti funzione
|
|
cliccando sulle etichette dei tasti.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se un tasto del mouse viene premuto sulla linea in cima al pannello directory
|
|
il pannello sfoglia di una pagina in alto. Allo stesso modo, un click sulla
|
|
riga in basso provocherà un cambio di pagina in basso. Questo metodo dei bordi
|
|
funziona anche nel
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Visualizzatore dell'Aiuto
|
|
.\"Contents"
|
|
e nal
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Albero Directory.
|
|
.\"Directory Tree"
|
|
.PP
|
|
L'auto ripetizione predefinita per il mouse è di 400 millisecondi. Questa
|
|
può essere cambiata in valori differenti modificando il file
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
\&~/.mc/ini
|
|
.\"Save Setup"
|
|
e cambiando il parametro
|
|
.I mouse_repeat_rate
|
|
\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se il Commander sta funzionando con il supporto mouse, si può saltarlo
|
|
ed ottenere il funzionamento del mouse normale (taglia e incolla di testo)
|
|
tenendo premuto il tasto Maiuscolo.
|
|
.SH ""
|
|
.\"NODE "Keys"
|
|
.SH "Tasti"
|
|
Alcuni comandi nel Midnight Commander presuppongono l'uso dei tasti
|
|
.I Control
|
|
(talvolta chiamato CTRL o CTL) e
|
|
.I Meta
|
|
(talvolta chiamato ALT o anche Compose). In questo manuale si utilizzeranno
|
|
le seguenti abbreviazioni:
|
|
.PP
|
|
C-<chr> significa premere il tasto control mentre si batte il carattere
|
|
<chr>. Perciò C-f sarà: premi e tieni premuto il tasto Control e premi f.
|
|
.PP
|
|
M-<chr> significa premere il tasto Meta o Alt mentre si batte <chr>. Se
|
|
non c'è un tasto Meta o Alt, premere ESC, rilasciarlo, poi premere il
|
|
carattere <chr>.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Tutte le linee di ingresso nel Midnight Commander usano un'approssimazione
|
|
dei tasti del GNU Emacs.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Ci sono molte sezioni che parlano dei tasti. Le seguenti sono le
|
|
principali.
|
|
.PP
|
|
La sezione
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu File
|
|
.\"File Menu"
|
|
documenta le abbreviazioni di tasti per i comandi che appaiono nel
|
|
menu File. Questa sezione include i tasti funzione. Molti di questi comandi
|
|
lavorano sui file selezionati o sui marcati.
|
|
.PP
|
|
La sezione
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Pannelli Directory
|
|
.\"Directory Panels"
|
|
documenta i tasti che selezionano o marcano i file come obiettivo
|
|
per una seguente azione (l'azione normalmente deriva dal menu file).
|
|
.PP
|
|
La sezione
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Shell a Riga di Comando
|
|
.\"Shell Command Line"
|
|
elenca i tasti utilizzati per immettere e modificare linee di comando.
|
|
Molti di questi copiano nomi di file o altro dal pannello directory
|
|
alla riga di comando (per evitare troppo lavoro di battitura) o per
|
|
accedere allo storico comandi.
|
|
.PP
|
|
I
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Tasti Linea di Ingresso
|
|
.\"Input Line Keys"
|
|
sono usati per modificare le linee di ingresso. Cioè sia la linea di comando
|
|
che le linee di ingresso nelle finestre di interrogazione.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Miscellaneous Keys"
|
|
.SH " Tasti Vari"
|
|
Qua ci sono alcuni tasti che non sono classificabili in nessuna delle
|
|
altre categorie:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Invio.
|
|
Se c'è del testo nella linea di comando (quella in fondo ai pannelli),
|
|
allora quel comando viene eseguito. Se non c'è testo nella linea di
|
|
comando allora se la barra di selezione è sopra una directory il
|
|
Midnight Commander esegue un
|
|
.B chdir(2)
|
|
alla directory selezionata e ricarica le informazioni sul pannello;
|
|
se la selezione è un file eseguibile allora esso viene eseguito.
|
|
Per ultimo, se l'estensione del file selezionato corrisponde ad una
|
|
delle estensioni presenti nel
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
file estensioni,
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
il comando corrispondente viene eseguito.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-l.
|
|
Ridisegna tutto nel Midnight Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x c.
|
|
Esegue il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Chmod
|
|
.\"Chmod"
|
|
su un file o su un gruppo di file marcati.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x o.
|
|
Esegue il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Chown
|
|
.\"Chown"
|
|
sul file corrente o sui file marcati.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x l.
|
|
Crea un collegamento.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x s.
|
|
Crea un collegamento simbolico .
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x i.
|
|
Imposta la modalità della visualizzazione dell'altro pannello a informazioni.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x q.
|
|
Imposta la modalità della visualizzazione dell'altro pannello a vista rapida.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x !.
|
|
Esegue il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Pannellizza comando
|
|
.\"External panelize"
|
|
\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x h
|
|
Esegue il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
aggiungi directory alla lista directory favorite
|
|
.\"Hotlist"
|
|
\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-!,
|
|
Esegue il comando Vista filtrata, descritto in
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Vista filtrata.
|
|
.\"Internal File Viewer"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-?,
|
|
Esegui il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Trova file
|
|
.\"Find File"
|
|
\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-c,
|
|
Mostra la finestra
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
cambia dir veloce
|
|
.\"Quick cd"
|
|
\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-o,
|
|
Quando il programma viene eseguito in una console Linux o SCO o in un xterm,
|
|
mostrerà il risultato del comando precedente. Eseguito in console Linux, il
|
|
Midnight Commander usa un programma esterno (cons.saver) per gestire il
|
|
salvataggio e recupero delle informazioni sullo schermo.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se è stato compilato il supporto alla subsell, è possibile premere C-o
|
|
in ogni momento per tornare alla schermata principale del Midnight Commander;
|
|
per tornare all'applicazione basta premere C-o. Se si ha un'applicazione
|
|
sospesa usando questo trucco, non si sarà in grado di eseguire altri
|
|
programmi dal Midnight Commander finchè non si terminerà l'applicazione
|
|
sospesa.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Directory Panels"
|
|
.SH " Pannelli Directory"
|
|
Questa sezione elenca i tasti che operano sui pannelli directory.
|
|
Se si desidera sapere come cambiare la visualizzazione dei pannelli,
|
|
date un'occhiata alla sezione su
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu Sinistro e Destro.
|
|
.\"Left and Right Menus"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Tab, C-i.
|
|
Cambia il pannello corrente. L'altro pannello diventa il nuovo pannello
|
|
corrente mentre il pannello corrente diventa l'altro pannello.
|
|
La barra di selezione si sposta dal vecchio pannello al nuovo corrente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Insert, C-t.
|
|
Per marcare i file si può usare il tasto di Inserimento (la sequenza
|
|
teminfo kich1) o la sequenza C-t (Control-t). Per smarcare i file
|
|
basta marcare un file gia marcato.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-g, M-h (o M-r), M-j.
|
|
Usato per selezionare rispettivamente il file superiore, il file centrale o
|
|
quello inferiore in un pannello.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-s, M-s.
|
|
Inizia una ricerca nel nella directory. Quando la ricerca è attiva
|
|
i dati immessi dall'utente vengono aggiunti alla stringa di ricerca
|
|
invece della riga di comando. Se l'opzione
|
|
.I "Mostra mini-stato"
|
|
è abilitata, la stringa di ricerca viene mostrata nella riga di
|
|
mini-stato. Scrivendo, la barra di selezione si muove al prossimo
|
|
file che comincia con le lettere battute. Il tasti
|
|
.I "backspace"
|
|
o
|
|
.I canc
|
|
possono essere utilizzati per correggere errori di battitura. Se viene premuto
|
|
nuovamente, viene ricercata la corrispondenza seguente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-t
|
|
Cambia il modo di visualizzazione corrente per mostrare la modalità
|
|
successiva. In questo modo è possibile cambiare velocemente da listati
|
|
lunghi a listati normali a listati definiti dall'utente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-\\\\ (control-barra retroversa).
|
|
Mostra le
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
directory favorite
|
|
.\"Hotlist"
|
|
e va alla directory selezionata.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B + \ (più).
|
|
Viene utilizzato per selezionare (marcare) un gruppo di file. Il Midnight
|
|
Commander richiederà un'espressione regolare per descrivere il gruppo.
|
|
Quando le
|
|
.I pattern della shell
|
|
sono abilitate, le espressioni regolari sono molto simili alle espressioni
|
|
regolari in una shell (* significa zero o più caratteri e ? un carattere). Se
|
|
le
|
|
.I pattern della shell
|
|
sono disabilitate, la marcatura dei file viene fatta con le normali espressioni
|
|
regolari (vedere (1)).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se l'espressione comincia o finisce con una barra (/), allora selezionerà
|
|
directory invece che file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B \\\\ (barra retroversa).
|
|
Usare il tasto "\\" per deselezionare un gruppo di file. Questo è l'opposto
|
|
del tasto più.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B freccia-su, C-p.
|
|
Sposta la barra di selezione alla voce precedente nel pannello.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B freccia-giùy, C-n.
|
|
Sposta barra di selezione alla voce successiva nel pannello.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B home, a1, M-<.
|
|
Sposta la barra di selezione alla prima voce nel pannello.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B fine, c1, M->.
|
|
Sposta la barra di selezione all'ultima voce nel pannello.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B pagina-giù, C-v.
|
|
Sposta la barra di selezione di una pagina in basso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B pagina-su, M-v.
|
|
Sposta la barra di selezione di una pagina in alto.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-o,
|
|
If the other panel is a listing panel and you are standing on a
|
|
directory in the current panel, then the other panel contents are set
|
|
to the contents of the currently selected directory (like Emacs' dired
|
|
C-o key) otherwise the other panel contents are set to the parent dir
|
|
of the current dir.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-PageUp, C-PageDown
|
|
Only when ran on the Linux console: does a chdir to ".." and to the
|
|
currently selected directory respectively.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-y
|
|
Moves to the previous directory in the history, equivalent
|
|
to depressing the '<' with the mouse.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-u
|
|
Moves to the next directory in the history, equivalent
|
|
to depressing the '>' with the mouse.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-S-h, M-H
|
|
Displays the directory history, equivalent to depressing the 'v' with
|
|
the mouse.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Shell a Riga di Comando"
|
|
.SH " Shell a riga di comando"
|
|
Questa sezione elenca i tasti utili ad evitare troppe battiture
|
|
nell'immissione dei comandi.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-Invio.
|
|
Copia nella riga di comando il nome del file attualmente selezionato.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-Invio.
|
|
Come M-Invio, ma funziona solo dalla console Linux.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-Tab.
|
|
Esegue automaticamente il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
completamento
|
|
.\"Completion"
|
|
del nome del file, variabile, nome utente e nome host.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x t, C-x C-t.
|
|
Copia i file marcati (o se non vi sono file marcati, il file selezionato)
|
|
del pannello corrente (C-x t) o dell'altro pannello (C-x C-t) sulla
|
|
riga di comando.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-x p, C-x C-p.
|
|
La prima sequenza di tasti copia il percorso corrente sulla riga di comando
|
|
e la seconda copia il percorso del pannello non selezionato sulla riga
|
|
di comando.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-q.
|
|
Il comando di inserimento letterale serve per inserire caratteri che
|
|
sarebbero altrimenti interpretati dal Midnight Commander (come il simbolo '+')
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-p, M-n.
|
|
Use these keys to browse through the command history. M-p takes you
|
|
to the last entry, M-n takes you to the next one.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-h.
|
|
Displays the history for the current input line.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " General Movement Keys"
|
|
.SH " Tasti Generali di Movimento"
|
|
Il visualizzatore dell'aiuto, il visualizzato dei file e l'albero directory
|
|
usano un codice comune per gestire il movimento. Per questa ragione essi
|
|
accettano esattamente gli stessi tasti. Ogniuno di questi però accetta anche
|
|
altri tasti indipendenti.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Altre parti del Midnight Commander usano alcuni degli stessi tasti di
|
|
movimento, perciò questa sezione può applicarsi anche a quelle sezioni.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Su, C-p.
|
|
Si sposta di una linea indietro.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Giu, C-n.
|
|
Si sposta di una linea avanti.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Pagina Su, M-v.
|
|
Si sposta di una pagina in alto.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Pagina Giu, C-v.
|
|
Si sposta di una pagina in basso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Home, A1.
|
|
Si sposta all'inizio.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Fine, C1.
|
|
Si sposta alla fine.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il visualizzatore dell'aiuto accetta i seguenti tasti in aggiunta a quelli
|
|
menzionati sopra:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B b, C-b, C-h, Backspace, Canc.
|
|
Si sposta di una pagina in alto.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Barra spaziatrice.
|
|
Si sposta di una pagina in basso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B u, d.
|
|
Si sposta di mezza pagina in alto o in basso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B g, G.
|
|
Si sposta all'inizio o alla fine.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Input Line Keys"
|
|
.SH " Tasti di Riga di Ingresso"
|
|
I tasti di riga di ingresso (sono usati
|
|
per la
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
riga di comando
|
|
.\"Shell Command Line"
|
|
e per i dialoghi di richiesta dati nel programma) accettano
|
|
questi tasti:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-a
|
|
sposta il cursore all'inizio della linea.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-e
|
|
sposta il cursore alla fine della linea
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-b, move-left
|
|
sposta il cursore di una posizione a sinistra.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-f, move-right
|
|
sposta il cursore di una posizione a destra.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-f
|
|
sposta il cursore di una parola in avanti.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-b
|
|
sposta il cursore di una parola indietro.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-h, backspace
|
|
cancella il carattere precedente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-d, Delete
|
|
cancella il carattere nel punto (sopra il cursore).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-@
|
|
imposta il marcatore per tagliare.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-w
|
|
copia il testo tra il cursore e il marcatore in un kill buffer
|
|
e rimuove il testo dalla linea di ingresso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-w
|
|
copia il testo tra il cursore ed il marcatore in un kill buffer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-y
|
|
inserisce il contenuto del kill buffer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-k
|
|
elimina il testo dal cursore alla fine della linea.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-p, M-n
|
|
Usa questi tasti per navigare attraverso lo storico dei comandi. M-p
|
|
posiziona sull'ultima voce, M-n posiziona sulla seguente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-C-h, M-Backspace
|
|
cancella una parola indietro.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-Tab
|
|
fa del nomefile, comando, variabile, nomeutente e nomehost il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
completamento
|
|
.\"Completion"
|
|
automatico.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH ""
|
|
.\"NODE "Menu Bar"
|
|
.SH "Barra dei Menu"
|
|
La barra dei menu compare premendo F9 o cliccando con il mouse sopra la riga
|
|
superiore dello schermo. La barra menu possiede cinque menu: "Sinistra", "File",
|
|
"Comando", "Opzioni" e "Destra".
|
|
.PP
|
|
I
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu Sinistra e Destra
|
|
.\"Left and Right Menus"
|
|
permettono di modificare l'apparenza dei pannelli directory di sinistra
|
|
e di destra.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu File
|
|
.\"File Menu"
|
|
elenca le azioni che possono essere condotte sui file correntemente selezionati
|
|
o marcati.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu Comando
|
|
.\"Command Menu"
|
|
elenca le azioni più generali e non ha relazione con il file correntemente
|
|
selezionati o marcati.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu Opzioni
|
|
.\"Options Menu"
|
|
elenca le azioni che permettono di personalizzare il Midnight Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Left and Right Menus"
|
|
.SH " Menu Sinistra e Destra"
|
|
L'apparenza dei pannelli directory è modificabile tramite i menu
|
|
.B "Sinistra"
|
|
e
|
|
.B "Destra"
|
|
\&.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE "" Listing Mode..."
|
|
.SH " Modalità Lista..."
|
|
La modalità lista serve a mostrare un elenco di file; ci sono quattro
|
|
modalità elenco disponibili:
|
|
.B Completa,
|
|
.B Breve,
|
|
.B Lunga
|
|
e
|
|
.B Definita dall'utente.
|
|
La modalità completa mostra il nome del file, l'ampiezza del file e
|
|
la data di modifica.
|
|
.PP
|
|
La modalità breve mostra solo il nome del file in due colonne
|
|
(perciò mostrando il doppio del numero dei file che nelle altre
|
|
modalità). La modalità lunga è simile a quella del comando
|
|
.B "ls -l"
|
|
\&. La modalità lunga usa tutta l'ampiezza dello schermo.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se si sceglie il formato definibile dall'utente, è necessario specificare
|
|
il formato della vista.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il formato definibile dall'utente deve cominciare con una specifica
|
|
dell'ampiezza del pannello. Questa può essere "half" o "full", che descrive
|
|
un pannello di mezza grandezza o completa rispettivamente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Dopo l'ampiezza del pannello, è possibile specificare la modalità a
|
|
due colonne aggiungendo il numero "2" alla stringa di formato.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Dopodichè si aggiunge il nome dei campi con una specifica di ampiezza
|
|
opzionale. Questi sono i campi disponibile per la visualizzazione:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B name,
|
|
mostra il nome del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B size,
|
|
mostra l'ampiezza del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B bsize,
|
|
è una forma alternativa del formato
|
|
.B size
|
|
\&. Mostra l'ampiezza del file e per le directory mostra solo
|
|
SUB-DIR o UP--DIR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B type,
|
|
mostra un campo di un carattere. Questo carattere è simile a quello
|
|
mostrato dal comando ls con la flag -F -
|
|
.B *
|
|
per i file eseguibili,
|
|
.B /
|
|
per le directory,
|
|
.B @
|
|
per i collegamenti,
|
|
.B =
|
|
per i socket,
|
|
.B -
|
|
per i dispositivi a carattere,
|
|
.B +
|
|
per i dispositivi a blocchi,
|
|
.B |
|
|
per le pipe,
|
|
.B ~
|
|
per i collegamenti simbolici a directory e
|
|
.B !
|
|
per i collegamenti simbolici stallati (che non puntano a niente).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B mtime,
|
|
la data dell'ultima modifica al file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B atime,
|
|
la data dell'ultimo accesso al file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B ctime,
|
|
la data della creazione del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B perm,
|
|
una stringa che rappresenta i bit dei permessi del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B mode,
|
|
un valore ottale con i permessi correnti del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B nlink,
|
|
il numero dei collegamenti al file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B ngid,
|
|
il GID (numerico).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B nuid,
|
|
l'UID (numerico).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B owner,
|
|
il proprietario del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B group,
|
|
il gruppo del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B inode,
|
|
l'inode del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Puoi usare ache questi campi per sistemare la visualizzazione:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B space,
|
|
uno spazio nel formato visualizzazione.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B mark,
|
|
Un asterico se il file è marcato, uno spazio se non lo è.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B |,
|
|
Questo carattere viene utilizzato per aggiungere una linea verticale
|
|
al formato di visualizzazione.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Per forzare un campo ad un'ampiezza fissa (una specifica di ampiezza)
|
|
basta semplicemente aggiungere un ':' ed il numero dei caratteri che
|
|
si vuole che il campo abbia; e se il numero è seguito dal simbolo '+',
|
|
allora la specifica definisce l'ampiezza minima e se il programma
|
|
trova che serve più spazio sullo schermo, espanderà il campo.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Per esempio la modalità
|
|
.B Completa
|
|
corrisponde a questo formato:
|
|
.PP
|
|
half type,name,|,size,|,mtime
|
|
.PP
|
|
E quella
|
|
.B Lunga
|
|
corrisponde a questo formato:
|
|
.PP
|
|
full perm,space,nlink,space,owner,space,group,space,size,space,
|
|
mtime,space,name
|
|
.PP
|
|
Questa è una modalità interessante:
|
|
.PP
|
|
half name,|,size:7,|,type,mode:3
|
|
.PP
|
|
I pannelli possono anche essere impostati alle modalità seguenti:
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B "Informazioni"
|
|
La modalità informazioni mostra alcuni dati relativi al file correntemente selezionato
|
|
e se possibile informazioni circa il file system corrente.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B "Albero"
|
|
La vista ad albero è abbastanza simile al comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
albero directory
|
|
.\"Directory Tree"
|
|
\&. Vedere la sezione corrispondente per maggiori informazioni.
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B "Vista rapida"
|
|
In questa modalità il pannello si imposta come un
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
visualizzatore
|
|
.\"Internal File Viewer"
|
|
ridotto che mostra i contenuti del file correntemente selezionato;
|
|
se si seleziona il pannello (con il tasto tab o con il mouse), si ha
|
|
accesso ai normali comandi del visualizzatore.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Sort Order..."
|
|
.SH " Ordina per..."
|
|
Gli otto possibili ordinamenti sono per nome, per estensione, per data
|
|
di modifica, per data di accesso, per data di modifica informazioni di
|
|
inode, per ampiezza, per inode e non ordinato. Nella finestra di dialogo
|
|
di ordinamento è possibile scegliere il tipo di ordinamento ed è anche
|
|
possibile specificare se si desidera l'ordinamento inverso selezionando
|
|
la voce inverso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Normalmente le directory sono ordinare prima dei file ma quest'impostazione
|
|
può essere modificata dal
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Menu Opzioni
|
|
.\"Options Menu"
|
|
(oztione
|
|
.B "mescola tutti i file"
|
|
).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Filter..."
|
|
.SH " Filtro..."
|
|
Il comando di filtro permette di specificare un modello (per esempio
|
|
.B "*.tar.gz"
|
|
) che il file deve corrispondere per essere visualizzato. Malgrado
|
|
il modello del filtro, le directory e i collegamenti a directory
|
|
vengono sempre visualizzati sul pannello directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Reread"
|
|
.SH " Ricarica"
|
|
Il comando ricarica l'elenco dei file nella directory. E' utile
|
|
se un'altro processo ha creato o rimosso dei file. Se
|
|
si ha pannellizzato dei nomi di file in un pannello, questo ricaricherà
|
|
il contenuto della directory e rimuoverà le informazioni pannellizzate
|
|
(vedere sezione
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Pannellizza comando
|
|
.\"External panelize"
|
|
per ulteriori informazioni).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " File Menu"
|
|
.SH " Menu File"
|
|
Il Midnight Commander usa i tasti F1 - F10 come tasti veloci
|
|
per i comandi che appaiono nel menu file. Le sequenze di escape
|
|
per i tasti funzione sono capacità terminfo da kf1 a kf10. Su terminali
|
|
senza supporto per i tasti funzione, è possibile ottenere la stessa
|
|
funzionalità premendo il tasto ESC e un numero da 1 a 9 più lo 0
|
|
(corrispondentemente ai tasti da F1 a F9 e F10 rispettivamente).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il file menu comprende i comandi seguenti (tasti veloci tra parentesi):
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Aiuto (F1)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Invoca il visualizzatore incorporato di ipertesti per l'aiuto.
|
|
All'interno del
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
visualizzatore aiuto,
|
|
.\"Contents"
|
|
è possibile usare il tasto tab per selezionare il successivo collegamento
|
|
e il tasto invio per seguirlo. I tasti Barra spaziatrice e Backspace vengono
|
|
utilizzati per muoversi avanti e indietro nella pagina di aiuto. Premere F1
|
|
nuovamente per ottenere la lista completa dei tasti accettati.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Menu (F2)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Invoca il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
menu utente.
|
|
.\"Menu File Edit"
|
|
Il menu utente fornisce un modo semplice per dare agli utenti un menu ed
|
|
aggiungere nuove funzionalità al Midnight Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Visualizza (F3, Maiusc-F3)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Visualizza il file correntemente selezionato. Nell'ipostazione predefinita
|
|
viene invocato il
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Visualizzatore Interno di File
|
|
.\"Internal File Viewer"
|
|
ma se l'opzione "Usa Visualizzatore interno" è deselezionata, verrà invocato
|
|
un visualizzatore esterno specificato dalla variabile ambiente
|
|
.B PAGER
|
|
\&. Se
|
|
.B PAGER
|
|
non è definita, verrà invocato il comando "view". Se si usa invece il comando
|
|
Maiusc-F3, il visualizzatore verrà invocato senza nessun tipo di formattazione
|
|
o preprocessamento sul file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Vista Filtrata (M-!)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Questo tasto richiede all'utente un comando ed i suoi argomenti (l'argomento
|
|
predefinito è il nome del file correntemente selezionato), il risultato di tale
|
|
comando viene mostrato nel visualizzatore di file interno.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Cambia (F4)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Invoca l'editor
|
|
.B vi
|
|
o l'editor specificato nella variabile d'ambiente
|
|
.B EDITOR
|
|
oppure l'
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Editor di File Interno
|
|
.\"Internal File Editor"
|
|
se l'opzione, "Usa Editor interno" è stata impostata.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Copia (F5)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Mostra una finestra di dialogo con destinazione predefinita alla
|
|
directory del pannello non selezionato, che copia il file selezionato (o
|
|
i file marcati, se c'e n'è almeno uno) sulla directory specificata dall'utente
|
|
nella finestra di dialogo. Durante il processo è possibile
|
|
premere C-c o ESC per abortire l'operazione. Per maggiori dettagli
|
|
sulla maschera sorgente (che sarà normalmente * o ^\\(.*\\)$ a seconda
|
|
dell'impostazione di 'pattern della shell') o sui caratteri jolly sulla destinazione
|
|
vedere
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Maschera copia/rinomina.
|
|
.\"Mask Copy/Rename"
|
|
.PP
|
|
In alcuni sistemi è possibile eseguire la copia in background cliccando
|
|
sul bottone background (o premendo M-b nella finestra di dialogo). Il
|
|
comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Processi in background
|
|
.\"Background jobs"
|
|
è utile per controllarne l'andamento.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Collegamento (C-x l)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Crea un collegamento fisico (hard link) al file corrente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Collegamento Simbolico (C-x s)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Crea un collegamento simbolico al file corrente. Per chi non sapesse
|
|
cosa sono i collegamenti: creare un collegamento ad un file è come
|
|
copiare il file ma sia il nome sorgente che destinazione rappresentano
|
|
la stessa immagine fisica del file. Per esempio, se si modifica uno dei
|
|
due file, tutti i cambiamenti appariranno su tutti i file. Alcuni li
|
|
chiamano anche alias o scorciatoie (o link come in originale inglese).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Un collegamento fisico appare come un file reale. Dopo che sia stato
|
|
creato non c'è modo di distinguere quale sia il collegamento e quale sia
|
|
l'originale. Se si cancella uno dei due l'altro rimarrà intatto. E' molto
|
|
difficile notare che i file rappresentano la stessa immagine. Usate i
|
|
collegamenti fisici quando non volete proprio saperlo.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Un collegamento simbolico è un riferimento al nome del file originale.
|
|
Se il file originale viene cancellato, il collegamento è inutile.
|
|
E' facile distinguere i collegamenti simbolici dall'immagine stessa.
|
|
Se il file è un collegamento simbolico a qualcosa, il Midnight Commander
|
|
mostra un simbolo "@" davanti al nome del file (eccetto se punta ad una
|
|
directory, nel qualcaso mostrerà una tilde (~)).
|
|
Il file originale sul quale punta il collegamento simbolico viene mostrato
|
|
sulla riga di mini-stato se
|
|
.I "Mostra Mini-stato"
|
|
è abilitata. Usare i collegamenti simbolici se si vuole evitare la confusione
|
|
che creano i collegamenti fisici.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Rinomina/Sposta (F6)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Mostra una finestra di dialogo con destinazione predefinita alla
|
|
directory del pannello non selezionato, che sposta il file selezionato (o
|
|
i file marcati, se c'e n'è almeno uno) sulla directory specificata dall'utente
|
|
nella finestra di dialogo. Durante il processo è possibile
|
|
premere C-c o ESC per abortire l'operazione. Per maggiori dettagli vedere la
|
|
sezione precedente Copia, dato che il comando è molto simile.
|
|
.PP
|
|
In alcuni sistemi è possibile eseguire la copia in background cliccando
|
|
sul bottone background (o premendo M-b nella finestra di dialogo). Il
|
|
comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Processi in background
|
|
.\"Background jobs"
|
|
è utile per controllarne l'andamento.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Crea Directory (F7)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Mostra una finestra di dialogo che crea la directory specificata.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Elimina (F8)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Cancella il file correntemente selezionato o i file marcati nel
|
|
pannello corrente. Durante il processo è possibile premere C-c
|
|
o ESC per abortire l'operazione.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Cambia Dir veloce (M-c)
|
|
Usare il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Cambia Dir veloce
|
|
.\"Quick cd"
|
|
se si vuole cambiare directory corrente e si ha la riga di comando occupata.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Seleziona gruppo (+)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Viene utilizzato per selezionare (marcare) un gruppo di file. Il
|
|
Midnight Commander richiedera un'espressione regolare per descrivere il
|
|
gruppo; se l'opzione
|
|
.I pattern della shell
|
|
è abilitata, l'espressione regolare è simile al file globbing nella shell
|
|
(* significa zero o più caratteri e ? significa un carattere). Se l'opzione
|
|
.I pattern della shell
|
|
è disabilitata, allora la selezione dei file viene eseguita con le normali
|
|
espressioni regolari (vedere ed (1)).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Per selezionare directory invece di file, l'espressione deve cominciare
|
|
o finire con una '/'.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B De-seleziona gruppo (\\\\)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Usata per deselezionare un gruppo di file. E' l'opposto di del comando
|
|
.I "Seleziona gruppo"
|
|
.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Uscita (F10, Maiusc-F10)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Termina l'esecuzione del Midnight Commander. Maiusc-F10 viene usata se
|
|
si esce e si sta usando lo shell wrapper. Maiusc-F10 in tal caso non
|
|
vi porterà all'ultima directory utilizzata dal Midnight Commander ma
|
|
vi lascerà nella directory dalla quale avete fatto partire il Midnight
|
|
Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Quick cd"
|
|
.SH " Cambia dir veloce"
|
|
Questo comando è utile se si ha la riga di comando piena e si vuole
|
|
eseguire
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
cd
|
|
.\"The cd internal command"
|
|
per cambiare directory senza dover cancellare e riscrivere la riga di comando.
|
|
Questo comando fa uscire una piccola finestra di dialogo che richiede
|
|
l'immissione degli stessi argomenti che si darebbero al comando
|
|
.B cd
|
|
a riga di comando. Questo ha le stesse caratteristiche gia presenti nel
|
|
comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
comando interno cd.
|
|
.\"The cd internal command"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Command Menu"
|
|
Il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Albero directory
|
|
.\"Directory Tree"
|
|
mostra un disegno ad albero delle directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Trova file
|
|
.\"Find File"
|
|
permette di cercare un file specifico. Il comando "Scambia pannelli"
|
|
scambia il contenuto dei due pannelli directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando "Attiva/disattiva pannelli" mostra il risultato dell'ultimo
|
|
comando shell. Quest'ultimo funziona solo su xterm e sulle console Linux e
|
|
SCO.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando Confronta directory (C-x d) confronta il contenuto dei
|
|
pannelli directory uno con l'altro. E' poi possibile usare il comando Copia (F5)
|
|
per rendere i pannelli identici. Ci sono tre metodi di confronto. Il metodo
|
|
veloce confronta solo l'ampiezza e la data del file. Il metodo completo
|
|
fa un confronto byte-per-byte. Il metodo completo non è disponibile se la
|
|
macchina non supporta la chiamata di sistema mmap(2). Il metodo solo
|
|
dimensione confronta solo l'ampiezza dei file e non controlla il contenuto ne
|
|
la data del file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando Storico comandi mostra un'elenco dei comandi battuti. Il comando
|
|
selezionato viene copiato sulla riga di comando. Allo storico comandi vi si
|
|
può accedere premendo M-p o M-n.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Directory favorite (C-\\)
|
|
.\"Hotlist"
|
|
permette un cambio più veloce dalla directory corrente ad una di quelle usate
|
|
più spesso.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Pannellizza comando
|
|
.\"External panelize"
|
|
permette di eseguire un coamndo esterno e di mettere il risultato nel pannello
|
|
corrente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Modifica file estensioni
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
permette di specificare i programmi che devono essere eseguiti quando
|
|
si prova ad eseguire, visualizzare, modificare e un mucchio di altre
|
|
cose, file con una specifica estensione (la fine del nome del file).
|
|
Il comando
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Modifica file menu
|
|
.\"Menu File Edit"
|
|
serve a modificare il menu utente (che appare premendo F2).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Directory Tree"
|
|
.SH " Albero Directory"
|
|
Il comando albero directory mostra una rappresentazione ad albero delle
|
|
directory. Selezionando una directory dalla rappresentazione il
|
|
Midnight Commander cambierà a quella directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Ci sono due modi di invocare l'albero. Il vero comando di albero directory
|
|
è accessibile dal menu Comandi. L'altro modo è di selezionare la vista ad
|
|
albero dai menu Sinistra o Destra.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Per evitare i lunghi ritardi il Midnight Commander crea la rappresentazione ad
|
|
albero scansionando solo una piccola porzione di tutte le directory.
|
|
Se manca la directory che si vuole visualizzare, spostarsi sulla sua directory
|
|
genitrice e premere C-r (o F2).
|
|
.PP
|
|
E' possibile utilizzare i tasti seguenti:
|
|
.PP
|
|
Sono accettati i
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Tasti Generali di movimento
|
|
.\"General Movement Keys"
|
|
.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Invio.
|
|
Nell'albero directory, esce dall'albero della directory e lo cambia
|
|
alla directory corrente nel pannello selezionato. Nella vista ad albero,
|
|
cambia a questa directory nell'altro pannello e rimane nella modalità
|
|
vista ad albero in quello corrente.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-r, F2 (Ricarica).
|
|
Ricarica la directory. Usare questo comando quando la rappresentazione ad
|
|
albero non è aggiornata: mancano directory o mostra alcune sottodirectory
|
|
che non esistono più.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F3 (Scorda).
|
|
Cancella questa directory dalla rappresentazione ad albero. Usare questo
|
|
comando per eliminare la confusione dal'albero. Se si vuole nuovamente
|
|
visualizzare l'albero completo premere F2 nella sua directory genitrice.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F4 (Statico/Dynamico).
|
|
Cambia tra modo di navigazione dinamico (predefinito) e statico.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Nella navigazione statica si usano i tasti Su e Giu per
|
|
selezionare la directory. Tutte le directory conosciute vengono mostrate.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Nella navigazione dinamica si usano i tasti Su e Giu per selezionare
|
|
una directory sorella, il tasto Sinistra sposta sulla directory genitrice
|
|
e il tasto Destra sposta sulla directory figlia. Solo i parenti, sorelle
|
|
e figlie, vengono mostrate; le altre sono tralasciate. La rappresentazione
|
|
ad albero cambia dinamicamente come la si attraversa.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F5 (Copia).
|
|
Copia la directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F6 (RinSpo).
|
|
Sposta la directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F7 (CreDir).
|
|
Crea una nuova directory sotto questa directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F8 (CancDir).
|
|
Cancella questa directory dal file system.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-s, M-s.
|
|
Search the next directory matching the search string. If there is
|
|
no such directory these keys will move one line down.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-h, Backspace.
|
|
Delete the last character of the search string.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Any other character.
|
|
Add the character to the search string and move to the next directory
|
|
which starts with these characters. In the tree view you must first
|
|
activate the search mode by pressing C-s. The search string is shown
|
|
in the mini status line.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The following actions are available only in the directory tree. They
|
|
aren't supported in the tree view.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F1 (Help).
|
|
Invoke the help viewer and show this section.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Esc, F10.
|
|
Exit the directory tree. Do not change the directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The mouse is supported. A double-click behaves like Enter. See
|
|
also the section on
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
mouse support.
|
|
.\"Mouse Support"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Find File"
|
|
The Find File feature first asks for the start directory for the
|
|
search and the filename to be searched for. By pressing the Tree
|
|
button you can select the start directory from the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
directory tree
|
|
.\"Directory Tree"
|
|
figure.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The contents field accepts regular expressions similar to egrep(1). That
|
|
means you have to escape characters with a special meaning to egrep with "\\",
|
|
e.g. if you search for "strcmp (" you will have to input "strcmp \\("
|
|
(without the double quotes).
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can start the search by pressing the Ok button.
|
|
During the search you can stop from the Stop button and continue from
|
|
the Start button.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can browse the filelist with the up and down arrow keys. The Chdir
|
|
button will change to the directory of the currently selected
|
|
file. The Again button will ask for the parameters for a new
|
|
search. The Quit button quits the search operation. The Panelize
|
|
button will place the found files to the current directory panel so
|
|
that you can do additional operations on them (view, copy, move,
|
|
delete and so on). After panelizing you can press C-r to return to the
|
|
normal file listing.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It is possible to have a list of directories that the Find File
|
|
command should skip during the search (for example, you may want to
|
|
avoid searches on a CDROM or on a NFS directory that is mounted across
|
|
a slow link).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Directories to be skipped should be set on the variable
|
|
.B find_ignore_dirs
|
|
in the
|
|
.B Misc
|
|
section of your ~/.mc/ini file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Directory components should be separated with a colon, here is an
|
|
example:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
[Misc]
|
|
find_ignore_dirs=/cdrom:/nfs/wuarchive:/afs
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
You may consider using the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
External panelize
|
|
.\"External panelize"
|
|
command for some operations. Find file command is for simple queries
|
|
only, while using External panelize you can do as mysterious searches
|
|
as you would like.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " External panelize"
|
|
The External panelize allows you to execute an external program, and
|
|
make the output of that program the contents of the current panel.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example, if you want to manipulate in one of the panels all the
|
|
symbolic links in the current directory, you can use external
|
|
panelization to run the following command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
find . -type l -print
|
|
.fi
|
|
Upon command completion, the directory contents of the panel will no
|
|
longer be the directory listing of the current directory, but all the
|
|
files that are symbolic links.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you want to panelize all of the files that have been downloaded
|
|
from your ftp server, you can use this awk command to extract the file
|
|
name from the transfer log files:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
awk '$9 ~! /incoming/ { print $9 }' < /usr/adm/xferlog
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
You may want to save often used panelize commands under a descriptive name,
|
|
so that you can recall them quickly. You do this by typing the command on
|
|
the input line and pressing Add new button. Then you enter a name under
|
|
which you want the command to be saved. Next time, you just choose that
|
|
command from the list and do not have to type it again.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Hotlist"
|
|
The Directory hotlist command shows the labels of the directories
|
|
in the directory hotlist. The Midnight Commander will change to the
|
|
directory corresponding to the selected label. From the hotlist dialog,
|
|
you can remove already created label/directory pairs and add new ones.
|
|
To add new directories quickly, you can use the Add to hotlist command
|
|
(C-x h), which adds the current directory into the directory hotlist,
|
|
asking just for the label for the directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This makes cd to often used directories faster. You may consider using the
|
|
CDPATH variable as described in
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
internal cd command
|
|
.\"The cd internal command"
|
|
description.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Extension File Edit"
|
|
This will invoke your editor on the file ~/.mc/bindings. The format of this
|
|
file is as follows (the format has changed with version 3.0):
|
|
.PP
|
|
All lines starting with # or empty lines are thrown away.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Lines starting in the first column should have following format:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I keyword/descNL,
|
|
i.e. everything after
|
|
.I keyword/
|
|
until new line is
|
|
.I desc
|
|
.PP
|
|
keyword can be:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I shell
|
|
.IP
|
|
(desc is then any extension (no wildcards), i.e. matches all the files
|
|
*desc . Example: .tar matches *.tar)
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I regex
|
|
.IP
|
|
(desc is a regular expression)
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I type
|
|
.IP
|
|
(file matches this if `file %f` matches regular expression desc
|
|
(the filename: part from `file %f` is removed))
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I default
|
|
.IP
|
|
(matches any file no matter what desc is)
|
|
.PP
|
|
Other lines should start with a space or tab and should be of the format:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I keyword=commandNL
|
|
(with no spaces around =), where
|
|
.I keyword
|
|
should be:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Open
|
|
(if the user presses Enter or doubleclicks it),
|
|
.I View
|
|
(F3),
|
|
.I Edit
|
|
(F4),
|
|
.I Drop
|
|
(user drops some files on it) or any other
|
|
user defined name (those will be listed in the extension dependent pop-up
|
|
menu).
|
|
.I Icon
|
|
name is reserved for future use by mc.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I command
|
|
is any one-line shell command, with the simple
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
macro substitution.
|
|
.\"Macro Substitution"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Target are evaluated from top to bottom (order is thus important).
|
|
If some actions are missing, search continues as if this target didn't
|
|
match (i.e. if a file matches the first and second entry and View action
|
|
is missing in the first one, then on pressing F3 the View action from
|
|
the second entry will be used. default should catch all the actions.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE " Background jobs"
|
|
.SH " Background Jobs"
|
|
This lets you control the state of any background Midnight Commander
|
|
process (only copy and move files operations can be done in the
|
|
background). You can stop, restart and kill a background job from
|
|
here.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Menu File Edit"
|
|
The user menu is a menu of useful actions that can be customized by
|
|
the user. When you access the user menu, the
|
|
file .mc.menu from the current directory is used if it exists,
|
|
but only if it is owned by user or root and is not world-writable.
|
|
If no such file found, ~/.mc/menu is tried in the same way,
|
|
and otherwise mc uses the default system-wide menu
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.menu.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The format of the menu file is very simple. Lines that start with
|
|
anything but space or tab are considered entries for the menu (in
|
|
order to be able to use it like a hot key, the first character should
|
|
be a letter). All the lines that start with a space or a tab are the
|
|
commands that will be executed when the entry is selected.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When an option is selected all the command lines of the option are
|
|
copied to a temporary file in the temporary directory (usually
|
|
/usr/tmp) and then that file is executed. This allows the user to put
|
|
normal shell constructs in the menus. Also simple macro substitution
|
|
takes place before executing the menu code. For more information, see
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
macro substitution.
|
|
.\"Macro Substitution"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Here is a sample mc.menu file:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
A Dump the currently selected file
|
|
od -c %f
|
|
|
|
B Edit a bug report and send it to root
|
|
vi /tmp/mail.$$
|
|
mail -s "Midnight Commander bug" root < /tmp/mail.$$
|
|
|
|
M Read mail
|
|
emacs -f rmail
|
|
|
|
N Read Usenet news
|
|
emacs -f gnus
|
|
|
|
H Call the info hypertext browser
|
|
info
|
|
|
|
J Copy current directory to other panel recursively
|
|
tar cf - . | (cd %D && tar xvpf -)
|
|
|
|
K Make a release of the current subdirectory
|
|
echo -n "Name of distribution file: "
|
|
read tar
|
|
ln -s %d `dirname %d`/$tar
|
|
cd ..
|
|
tar cvhf ${tar}.tar $tar
|
|
|
|
= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
|
|
X Extract the contents of a compressed tar file
|
|
tar xzvf %f
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Default Conditions
|
|
.PP
|
|
Each menu entry may be preceded by a condition. The condition must
|
|
start from the first column with a '=' character. If the condition is
|
|
true, the menu entry will be the default entry.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
Condition syntax: = <sub-cond>
|
|
or: = <sub-cond> | <sub-cond> ...
|
|
or: = <sub-cond> & <sub-cond> ...
|
|
|
|
Sub-condition is one of following:
|
|
|
|
y <pattern> syntax of current file matching pattern?
|
|
for edit menu only.
|
|
f <pattern> current file matching pattern?
|
|
F <pattern> other file matching pattern?
|
|
d <pattern> current directory matching pattern?
|
|
D <pattern> other directory matching pattern?
|
|
t <type> current file of type?
|
|
T <type> other file of type?
|
|
x <filename> is it executable filename?
|
|
! <sub-cond> negate the result of sub-condition
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
Pattern is a normal shell pattern or a regular expression, according
|
|
to the shell patterns option. You can override the global value of
|
|
the shell patterns option by writing "shell_patterns=x" on the first
|
|
line of the menu file (where "x" is either 0 or 1).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
Type is one or more of the following characters:
|
|
|
|
n not directory
|
|
r regular file
|
|
d directory
|
|
l link
|
|
c char special
|
|
b block special
|
|
f fifo (pipe)
|
|
s socket
|
|
x executable
|
|
t tagged
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example 'rlf' means either regular file, link or fifo. The 't'
|
|
type is a little special because it acts on the panel instead of the
|
|
file. The condition '=t t' is true if there are tagged files in the
|
|
current panel and false if not.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the condition starts with '=?' instead of '=' a debug trace will be
|
|
shown whenever the value of the condition is calculated.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The conditions are calculated from left to right. This means
|
|
.nf
|
|
= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
|
|
.fi
|
|
is calculated as
|
|
.nf
|
|
( (f *.tar.gz) | (f *.tgz) ) & (t n)
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
Here is a sample of the use of conditions:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
|
|
L List the contents of a compressed tar-archive
|
|
gzip -cd %f | tar xvf -
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Addition Conditions
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the condition begins with '+' (or '+?') instead of '=' (or '=?') it
|
|
is an addition condition. If the condition is true the menu entry will
|
|
be included in the menu. If the condition is false the menu entry will
|
|
not be included in the menu.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can combine default and addition conditions by starting condition
|
|
with '+=' or '=+' (or '+=?' or '=+?' if you want debug trace). If you
|
|
want to use two different conditions, one for adding and another for
|
|
defaulting, you can precede a menu entry with two condition lines, one
|
|
starting with '+' and another starting with '='.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Comments are started with '#'. The additional comment lines must start
|
|
with '#', space or tab.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Options Menu"
|
|
The Midnight Commander has some options that may be toggled on and
|
|
off in several dialogs which are accessible from this menu. Options
|
|
are enabled if they have an asterisk or "x" in front of them.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Configuration
|
|
.\"Configuration"
|
|
command pops up a dialog from which you can change most of settings of
|
|
the Midnight Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Display bits
|
|
.\"Display bits"
|
|
command pops up a dialog from which you may select which characters is your
|
|
terminal able to display.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Confirmation
|
|
.\"Confirmation"
|
|
command pops up a dialog from which you specify which actions you want to
|
|
confirm.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Learn keys
|
|
.\"Learn keys"
|
|
command pops up a dialog from which you test some keys which are not working
|
|
on some terminals and you may fix them.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Virtual FS
|
|
.\"Virtual FS"
|
|
command pops up a dialog from which you specify some VFS related options.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Layout
|
|
.\"Layout"
|
|
command pops up a dialog from which you specify a bunch of options how mc
|
|
looks like on the screen.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Save setup
|
|
.\"Save Setup"
|
|
command saves the current settings of the Left, Right and Options
|
|
menus. A small number of other settings is saved, too.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Configuration"
|
|
The options in this dialog are divided into three groups:
|
|
Panel Options, Pause after run and Other Options.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Panel Options
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Show Backup Files.
|
|
If enabled, the Midnight Commander will show files ending with a tilde.
|
|
Otherwise, they won't be shown (like GNU's ls option -B).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Show Hidden Files.
|
|
If enabled, the Midnight Commander will show all files that start with
|
|
a dot (like ls -a).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Mark moves down.
|
|
If enabled, the selection bar will move down when you mark a file (with
|
|
either C-t or the Insert key).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Drop down menus.
|
|
When this option is enabled, the pull down menus will be activated as
|
|
soon as you press the
|
|
.B F9
|
|
key. Otherwise, you will only get the menu title, and you will have
|
|
to activate the menu either with the arrow keys or with the hotkeys.
|
|
It is recommended if you are using hotkeys.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Mix all files.
|
|
If this option is enabled, all files and directories are shown mixed
|
|
together. If the option is off, directories (and links to directories)
|
|
are shown at the beginning of the listing, and other files below.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Fast directory reload.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the Midnight Commander will use a trick to
|
|
determine if the directory contents have changed. The trick is to reload
|
|
the directory only if the i-node of the directory has changed; this means
|
|
that reloads only happen when files are created or deleted. If what
|
|
changes is the i-node for a file in the directory (file size changes,
|
|
mode or owner changes, etc) the display is not updated. In these cases,
|
|
if you have the option on, you have to rescan the directory manually
|
|
(with C-r).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Pause after run
|
|
.PP
|
|
After executing your commands, the Midnight Commander can pause, so
|
|
that you can examine the output of the command. There are three
|
|
possible settings for this variable:
|
|
.IP
|
|
.I Never
|
|
Means that you do not want to see the output of your command. If you
|
|
are using the Linux or SCO console or an xterm, you will be able to see the
|
|
output of the command by typing C-o.
|
|
.IP
|
|
.I "On dumb terminals"
|
|
You will get the pause message on terminals that are not capable of
|
|
showing the output of the last command executed (any terminal that is
|
|
not an xterm or the Linux console).
|
|
.IP
|
|
.I Always
|
|
The program will pause after executing all of your commands.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B Other Options
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Verbose operation.
|
|
This toggles whether the file Copy, Rename and Delete operations are
|
|
verbose (i.e., display a dialog box for each operation). If you have a
|
|
slow terminal, you may wish to disable the verbose operation. It is
|
|
automatically turned off if the speed of your terminal is less than
|
|
9600 bps.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Compute totals.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the Midnight
|
|
Commander computes total byte sizes and total number of files
|
|
prior to any Copy, Rename and Delete operations. This will
|
|
provide you with a more accurate progress bar at the expense
|
|
of some speed. This option has no effect, if
|
|
.I Verbose operation
|
|
is disabled.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Shell Patterns.
|
|
By default the Select, Unselect and Filter commands will use shell-like
|
|
regular expressions. The following conversions are performed to achieve
|
|
this: the '*' is replaced by '.*' (zero or more characters); the '?'
|
|
is replaced by '.' (exactly one character) and '.' by the literal
|
|
dot. If the option is disabled, then the regular expressions are the
|
|
ones described in ed(1).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Auto Save Setup.
|
|
If this option is enabled, when you exit the Midnight Commander the
|
|
configurable options of the Midnight Commander are saved in the
|
|
~/.mc/ini file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Auto menus.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the user menu will be invoked at startup.
|
|
Useful for building menus for non-unixers.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Use internal editor.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the built-in file editor is used to edit
|
|
files. If the option is disabled, the editor specified in the
|
|
.B EDITOR
|
|
environment variable is used.
|
|
If no editor is specified,
|
|
.B vi
|
|
is used. See the section on the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
internal file editor.
|
|
.\"Internal File Editor"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Use internal viewer.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the built-in file viewer is used to view
|
|
files. If the option is disabled, the pager specified in the
|
|
.B PAGER
|
|
environment variable is used.
|
|
If no pager is specified, the
|
|
.B view
|
|
command is used. See the section on the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
internal file viewer.
|
|
.\"Internal File Viewer"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Complete: show all.
|
|
By default the Midnight Commander
|
|
pops up all possible
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
completions
|
|
.\"Completion"
|
|
if the completion is
|
|
ambiguous if you press
|
|
.B M-Tab
|
|
for the second time, for the
|
|
first time it just completes as much as possible and in
|
|
the case of ambiguity beeps. If you want to see all the
|
|
possible completions already after the first
|
|
.B M-Tab
|
|
pressing, enable this option.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Rotating dash.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the
|
|
Midnight Commander shows a rotating dash in the upper right corner
|
|
as a work in progress indicator.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Lynx-like motion.
|
|
If this option is enabled,
|
|
you may use the arrows keys to automatically chdir if the
|
|
current selection is a subdirectory and the shell command
|
|
line is empty. By default, this setting is off.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Advanced chown.
|
|
If this option is enabled, the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Advanced Chown
|
|
.\"Advanced Chown"
|
|
command will be invoked if you run the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Chmod
|
|
.\"Chmod"
|
|
or
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Chown
|
|
.\"Chown"
|
|
command.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Cd follows links.
|
|
This option, if set, causes the Midnight Commander to follow the
|
|
logical chain of directories when changing current directory
|
|
either in the panels, or using the cd command. This is the default
|
|
behavior of bash. When unset, the Midnight Commander follows the
|
|
real directory structure, so cd .. if you've entered that directory
|
|
through a link will move you to the current directory's real parent
|
|
and not to the directory where the link was present.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Safe delete.
|
|
If this option is enabled, deleting files
|
|
unintentionally will get more difficult. The default
|
|
selection in the confirmation dialog changes from the "Yes"
|
|
to the "No" button and deletion of non empty directories has to be
|
|
confirmed by entering the word
|
|
.I yes
|
|
\&.
|
|
By default this option is disabled.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Display bits"
|
|
This is used to configure the range of visible characters on the
|
|
screen. This setting may be 7-bits if your terminal/curses supports
|
|
only seven output bits, ISO-8859-1 displays all the characters in the
|
|
ISO-8859-1 map and full 8 bits is for those terminals that can display
|
|
full 8 bit characters.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Confirmation"
|
|
In this menu you configure the confirmation options for file deletion,
|
|
overwriting, execution by pressing enter and quitting the program.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Learn keys"
|
|
This dialog allows you to test and redefine functional keys, cursor
|
|
arrows and some other keys to make them work properly on your terminal.
|
|
They often don't, since many terminal databases are incomplete or broken.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can move around with the Tab key and with the vi moving keys ('h'
|
|
left, 'j' down, 'k' up and 'l' right). Once you press any cursor movement
|
|
key and it is recognized, you can use that key as well.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can test keys just by pressing each of them. When you press a
|
|
key and it is recognized properly, OK should appear next to the name
|
|
of that key. Once a key is marked OK it starts working as usually,
|
|
e.g. F1 pressed the first time will just check that the F1 key works,
|
|
but after that it will show help. The same applies to the arrow keys.
|
|
The Tab key should be working always.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If some keys do not work properly then you won't see OK appear after
|
|
pressing that key. Then you may want to redefine it. Do it by pressing
|
|
the button with the name of that key (either by the mouse or by Enter
|
|
or Space after selecting the button with Tab or arrows). Then a message
|
|
box will appear asking you to press that key. Do it and wait until the
|
|
message box disappears. If you want to abort, just press Escape once
|
|
and wait.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When you finish with all the keys, you can Save them. The definitions
|
|
for the keys you have redefined will be written into the [terminal:TERM]
|
|
section of your ~/.mc/ini file (where TERM is the name of your current
|
|
terminal). The definitions of the keys that were already working properly
|
|
are not saved.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Virtual FS"
|
|
This option gives you control over the settings of the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Virtual File System
|
|
.\"Virtual File System"
|
|
information cache.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The Midnight Commander keeps in memory the information
|
|
related to some of the virtual file systems to speed up
|
|
the access to the files in the file system (for example,
|
|
directory listings fetched from ftp servers).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Moreover in order to access the contents of compressed files
|
|
(for example, compressed tar files) the Midnight Commander
|
|
has to create a temporary uncompressed file on your disk.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Since both the information in memory and the temporary files on
|
|
disk take up resources, you may want to tune the parameters of
|
|
the cached information to decrease your resource usage or to maximize
|
|
the speed of access to frequently used file systems.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The Tar file system is quite clever about how it handles
|
|
tar files: it just loads the directory entries and when it
|
|
needs to use the information contained in the tar file, it
|
|
goes and grab it.
|
|
.PP
|
|
In the wild, tar files are usually kept compressed (plain
|
|
tar files are species in extinction), and because of the
|
|
nature of those files (the directory entries for the tar
|
|
files is not there waiting for us to be loaded), the tar
|
|
file system has to uncompress the file
|
|
on the disk in a temporary location and then access the
|
|
uncompressed file as a regular tar file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Now, since we all love to browse files and tar files all
|
|
over the disk, it's common that you will leave a tar file
|
|
and the re-enter it later. Since uncompression is slow,
|
|
the Midnight Commander will cache the information in
|
|
memory for a limited amount of time, after you hit the
|
|
timeout, all of the resources associated with the
|
|
file system will be freed. The default timeout is set to
|
|
one minute.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
FTP File System
|
|
.\"FTP File System"
|
|
keeps the directory listing it fetches from a ftp server
|
|
in a cache. The cache
|
|
expire time is configurable with the
|
|
.I ftpfs directory cache timeout
|
|
option.
|
|
A low value for this
|
|
option may slow down every operation on the ftp file System
|
|
because every operation is accompanied by a query of the
|
|
ftp server.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Moreover you can define a proxy host for doing ftp transfers
|
|
and configure the Midnight Commander to always use the proxy host.
|
|
See
|
|
the section on
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
FTP File System
|
|
.\"FTP File System"
|
|
for more information.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Layout"
|
|
The layout dialog gives you a possibility to change the general layout
|
|
of screen. You can specify whether the menubar, the command prompt,
|
|
the hintbar and the function keybar are visible. On the Linux or SCO console
|
|
you can specify how many lines are shown in the output window.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The rest of the screen area is used for the two directory panels. You
|
|
can specify whether the area is split to the panels in vertical or
|
|
horizontal direction. The split can be equal or you can specify an
|
|
unequal split.
|
|
.PP
|
|
By default all contents of the directory panels are displayed with
|
|
the same color, but you can specify whether
|
|
.I permissions
|
|
and
|
|
.I file types
|
|
are highlighted with special
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Colors.
|
|
.\"Colors"
|
|
If permission highlighting is enabled, the parts of the
|
|
.I perm
|
|
and
|
|
.I mode
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
display fields
|
|
.\"Listing Mode..."
|
|
which are valid for the user running Midnight Commander
|
|
are highlighted with the color defined with the
|
|
.I selected
|
|
keyword. If file type highlighting is enabled, files are colored according
|
|
to their file type (e.g. directory, core file, executable, ...).
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the
|
|
.I Show Mini-Status
|
|
option is enabled, one line of status
|
|
information about the currently selected item is showed at the bottom
|
|
of the panels.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Save Setup"
|
|
At startup the Midnight Commander will try to load initialization
|
|
information from the ~/.mc/ini file. If this file doesn't exist,
|
|
it will load the information from the system-wide configuration file,
|
|
located in @prefix@/lib/mc/mc.ini. If the system-wide configuration
|
|
file doesn't exist, MC uses the default settings.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I Save Setup
|
|
command creates the ~/.mc/ini file by saving the current settings
|
|
of the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Left, Right
|
|
.\"Left and Right Menus"
|
|
and
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Options
|
|
.\"Options Menu"
|
|
menus.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you activate the
|
|
.I auto save setup
|
|
option, MC will always save the current settings when exiting.
|
|
.PP
|
|
There also exist settings which can't be changed from the menus. To
|
|
change these settings you have to edit the setup file with your
|
|
favorite editor. See the section on
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Special Settings
|
|
.\"Special Settings"
|
|
for more information.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH ""
|
|
.SH "Executing operating system commands"
|
|
You may execute commands by typing them directly in the Midnight
|
|
Commander's input line, or by selecting the program you want to
|
|
execute with the selection bar in one of the panels and hitting Enter.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you press Enter over a file that is not executable, the Midnight
|
|
Commander checks the extension of the selected file against the
|
|
extensions in the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Extensions File.
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
If a match is found then the code associated with that extension is
|
|
executed. A very simple
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
macro expansion
|
|
.\"Macro Substitution"
|
|
takes place before executing the command.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " The cd internal command"
|
|
The
|
|
.I cd
|
|
command is interpreted by the Midnight Commander, it is not passed to
|
|
the command shell for execution. Thus it may not handle all of the
|
|
nice macro expansion and substitution that your shell does, although it
|
|
does some of them:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Tilde substitution
|
|
The (~) will be substituted with your home directory, if you append a
|
|
username after the tilde, then it will be substituted with the login
|
|
directory of the the specified user.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example, ~guest is the home directory for the user guest, while
|
|
~/guest is the directory guest in your home directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Previous directory
|
|
You can jump to the directory you were previously by using the special
|
|
directory name '-' like this:
|
|
.B cd -
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I CDPATH directories
|
|
If the directory specified to the
|
|
.B cd
|
|
command is not in the current directory, then The Midnight Commander
|
|
uses the value in the environment variable
|
|
.B CDPATH
|
|
to search for the directory in any of the named directories.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example you could set your
|
|
.B CDPATH
|
|
variable to ~/src:/usr/src, allowing you to change your directory to
|
|
any of the directories inside the ~/src and /usr/src directories, from
|
|
any place in the file system by using it's relative name (for example
|
|
cd linux could take you to /usr/src/linux).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Macro Substitution"
|
|
.PP
|
|
When accessing a
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
user menu,
|
|
.\"Menu File Edit"
|
|
or executing an
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
extension dependent command,
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
or running a command from the command line input,
|
|
a simple macro substitution takes place.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The macros are:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%i"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The indent of blank space, equal the cursor column
|
|
position. For edit menu only.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%y"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The syntax type of current file. For edit menu only.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%k"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The block file name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%e"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The error file name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%m"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The current menu name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%f"
|
|
and
|
|
.I "%p"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The current file name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%x"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The extension of current file name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%b"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The current file name without extension.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%d"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The current directory name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%F"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The current file in the unselected panel.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%D"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The directory name of the unselected panel.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%t"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The currently tagged files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%T"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The tagged files in the unselected panel.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%u"
|
|
and
|
|
.I "%U"
|
|
.IP
|
|
Similar to the %t and %T macros, but in addition the files are
|
|
untagged. You can use this macro only once per menu file entry or
|
|
extension file entry, because next time there will be no tagged
|
|
files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%s"
|
|
and
|
|
.I "%S"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The selected files: The tagged files if there are any. Otherwise the
|
|
current file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%cd"
|
|
.IP
|
|
This is a special macro that is used to change the current directory
|
|
to the directory specified in front of it. This is used primarily as
|
|
an interface to the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Virtual File System.
|
|
.\"Virtual File System"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%view"
|
|
.IP
|
|
This macro is used to invoke the internal viewer. This macro can be
|
|
used alone, or with arguments. If you pass any arguments to this
|
|
macro, they should be enclosed in brackets.
|
|
.IP
|
|
The arguments are:
|
|
.I ascii
|
|
to force the viewer into ascii mode;
|
|
.I hex
|
|
to force the viewer into hex mode;
|
|
.I nroff
|
|
to tell the viewer that it should interpret the bold and underline
|
|
sequences of nroff;
|
|
.I unformatted
|
|
to tell the viewer to not interpret nroff commands for making the text
|
|
bold or underlined.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%%"
|
|
.IP
|
|
The % character
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%{some text}"
|
|
.IP
|
|
Prompt for the substitution. An input box is shown and the text inside
|
|
the braces is used as a prompt. The macro is substituted by the text
|
|
typed by the user. The user can press ESC or F10 to cancel. This macro
|
|
doesn't work on the command line yet.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I "%var{ENV:default}"
|
|
.IP
|
|
If environment variable
|
|
.I ENV
|
|
is unset, the
|
|
.I default
|
|
is substituted. Otherwise, the value of
|
|
.I ENV
|
|
is substituted.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " The subshell support"
|
|
The subshell support is a compile time option, that works with the
|
|
shells: bash, tcsh and zsh.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When the subshell code is activated the Midnight Commander will
|
|
spawn a concurrent copy of your shell (the one defined in the
|
|
.B SHELL
|
|
variable and if it is not defined, then the one in the /etc/passwd
|
|
file) and run it in a pseudo terminal, instead of invoking a new shell
|
|
each time you execute a command, the command will be passed to the
|
|
subshell as if you had typed it. This also allows you to change the
|
|
environment variables, use shell functions and define aliases that are
|
|
valid until you quit the Midnight Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you are using
|
|
.B bash
|
|
you can specify startup
|
|
commands for the subshell in your ~/.mc/bashrc file and
|
|
special keyboard maps in the ~/.mc/inputrc file.
|
|
.B tcsh
|
|
users may specify startup commands in the ~/.mc/tcshrc file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When the subshell code is used, you can suspend applications at any
|
|
time with the sequence C-o and jump back to the Midnight Commander, if
|
|
you interrupt an application, you will not be able to run other
|
|
external commands until you quit the application you interrupted.
|
|
.PP
|
|
An extra added feature of using the subshell is that the prompt
|
|
displayed by the Midnight Commander is the same prompt that you are
|
|
currently using in your shell.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
OPTIONS
|
|
.\"OPTIONS"
|
|
section has more information on how you can control the subshell code.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Chmod"
|
|
The Chmod window is used to change the attribute bits in a group of
|
|
files and directories. It can be invoked with the C-x c key combination.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The Chmod window has two parts -
|
|
.I Permissions
|
|
and
|
|
.I File
|
|
.PP
|
|
In the File section are displayed the name of the file or directory
|
|
and its permissions in octal form, as well as its owner and group.
|
|
.PP
|
|
In the Permissions section there is a set of check buttons which
|
|
correspond to the file attribute bits. As you change the attribute
|
|
bits, you can see the octal value change in the File section.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To move between the widgets (buttons and check buttons) use the
|
|
.I arrow keys
|
|
or the
|
|
.I Tab
|
|
key. To change the state of the check buttons or to select a button
|
|
use
|
|
.I Space.
|
|
You can also use the hotkeys on the buttons to quickly activate them.
|
|
Hotkeys are shown as highlighted letters on the buttons.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To set the attribute bits, use the Enter key.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When working with a group of files or directories, you just click on
|
|
the bits you want to set or clear. Once you have selected the bits
|
|
you want to change, you select one of the action buttons (Set marked
|
|
or Clear marked).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Finally, to set the attributes exactly to those specified, you can use
|
|
the
|
|
.B [Set all]
|
|
button, which will act on all the tagged files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B [Marked all]
|
|
set only marked attributes to all selected files
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B [Set marked]
|
|
set marked bits in attributes of all selected files
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B [Clean marked]
|
|
clear marked bits in attributes of all selected files
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B [Set]
|
|
set the attributes of one file
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B [Cancel]
|
|
cancel the Chmod command
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Chown"
|
|
The Chown command is used to change the owner/group of a file. The hot
|
|
key for this command is C-x o.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Advanced Chown"
|
|
The Advanced Chown command is the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Chmod
|
|
.\"Chmod"
|
|
and
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Chown
|
|
.\"Chown"
|
|
command combined into one window. You can change the permissions and
|
|
owner/group of files at once.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "File Operations"
|
|
When you copy, move or delete files the Midnight Commander shows the
|
|
file operations dialog. It shows the files currently being operated on
|
|
and there are at most three progress bars. The file bar tells how big
|
|
part of the current file has been copied so far. The count bar tells
|
|
how many of tagged files have been handled so far. The bytes bar tells
|
|
how big part of total size of the tagged files has been handled so
|
|
far. If the verbose option is off the file and bytes bars are not
|
|
shown.
|
|
.PP
|
|
There are two buttons at the bottom of the dialog. Pressing the Skip
|
|
button will skip the rest of the current file. Pressing the Abort
|
|
button will abort the whole operation, the rest of the files are
|
|
skipped.
|
|
.PP
|
|
There are three other dialogs which you can run into during the file
|
|
operations.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The error dialog informs about error conditions and has three
|
|
choices. Normally you select either the Skip button to skip the file
|
|
or the Abort button to abort the operation altogether. You can also
|
|
select the Retry button if you fixed the problem from another
|
|
terminal.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The replace dialog is shown when you attempt to copy or move a file on
|
|
the top of an existing file. The dialog shows the dates and sizes of
|
|
the both files. Press the Yes button to overwrite the file, the No
|
|
button to skip the file, the alL button to overwrite all the files,
|
|
the nonE button to never overwrite and the Update button to overwrite
|
|
if the source file is newer than the target file. You can abort the
|
|
whole operation by pressing the Abort button.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The recursive delete dialog is shown when you try to delete a
|
|
directory which is not empty. Press the Yes button to delete the
|
|
directory recursively, the No button to skip the directory, the alL
|
|
button to delete all the directories and the nonE button to skip all
|
|
the non-empty directories. You can abort the whole operation by
|
|
pressing the Abort button. If you selected the Yes or alL button you
|
|
will be asked for a confirmation. Type "yes" only if you are really
|
|
sure you want to do the recursive delete.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you have tagged files and perform an operation on them only the
|
|
files on which the operation succeeded are untagged. Failed and
|
|
skipped files are left tagged.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Mask Copy/Rename"
|
|
The copy/move operations lets you translate the names of files in an easy
|
|
way. To do it, you have to specify the correct source mask and usually in
|
|
the trailing part of the destination specify some wildcards.
|
|
All the files matching the source mask are copied/renamed according to
|
|
the target mask. If there are tagged files, only the tagged files
|
|
matching the source mask are renamed.
|
|
.PP
|
|
There are other option which you can set:
|
|
.PP
|
|
Follow links tells whether make the symlinks and hardlinks in the source
|
|
directory (recursively in subdirectories) new links in the target
|
|
directory or whether would you like to copy their content.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Dive into subdirs tells what to do if in the target
|
|
directory exists a directory with the same name as the
|
|
file/directory being copied. The default action is to copy
|
|
it's content into that directory, by enabling this
|
|
you can copy the source directory into that directory.
|
|
Perhaps an example will help:
|
|
.PP
|
|
You want to copy content of a directory foo to /bla/foo,
|
|
which is an already existing directory. Normally (when
|
|
Dive is not set), mc would copy it exactly into /bla/foo.
|
|
By enabling this option you will copy the content into /bla/foo/foo,
|
|
because the directory already exists.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Preserve attributes tells whether to preserve the original files'
|
|
permissions, timestamps and if you are root whether to preserve
|
|
the original files' UID and GID. If this option is not set the current
|
|
value of the umask will be respected.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B "Use shell patterns on"
|
|
.PP
|
|
When the shell patterns option is on you can use the '*' and '?'
|
|
wildcards in the source mask. They work like they do in the shell. In
|
|
the target mask only the '*' and '\\<digit>' wildcards are allowed. The
|
|
first '*' wildcard in the target mask corresponds to the first
|
|
wildcard group in the source mask, the second '*' corresponds to the
|
|
second group and so on. The '\\1' wildcard corresponds to the first
|
|
wildcard group in the source mask, the '\\2' wildcard corresponds to
|
|
the second group and so on all the way up to '\\9'. The '\\0' wildcard
|
|
is the whole filename of the source file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Two examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the source mask is "*.tar.gz", the destination is "/bla/*.tgz" and the
|
|
file to be copied is "foo.tar.gz", the copy will be "foo.tgz" in "/bla".
|
|
.PP
|
|
Let's suppose you want to swap basename and extension so that "file.c"
|
|
will become "c.file" and so on. The source mask for this is "*.*" and
|
|
the destination is "\\2.\\1".
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B "Use shell patterns off"
|
|
.PP
|
|
When the shell patterns option is off the MC doesn't do automatic
|
|
grouping anymore. You must use '\\(...\\)' expressions in the source
|
|
mask to specify meaning for the wildcards in the target mask. This is
|
|
more flexible but also requires more typing. Otherwise target masks
|
|
are similar to the situation when the shell patterns option is on.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Two examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the source mask is "^\\(.*\\)\\.tar\\.gz$", the destination is
|
|
"/bla/*.tgz" and the file to be copied is "foo.tar.gz", the copy
|
|
will be "/bla/foo.tgz".
|
|
.PP
|
|
Let's suppose you want to swap basename and extension so that "file.c"
|
|
will become "c.file" and so on. The source mask for this is
|
|
"^\\(.*\\)\\.\\(.*\\)$" and the destination is "\\2.\\1".
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B "Case Conversions"
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can also change the case of the filenames. If you use '\\u'
|
|
or '\\l' in the target mask, the next character will be converted to
|
|
uppercase or lowercase correspondingly.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you use '\\U' or '\\L' in the target mask, the next characters will
|
|
be converted to uppercase or lowercase correspondingly up to the
|
|
next '\\E' or next '\\U', '\\L' or the end of the file name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The '\\u' and '\\l' are stronger than '\\U' and '\\L'.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example, if the source mask is '*' (shell patterns on) or '^\\(.*\\)$'
|
|
(shell patterns off) and the target mask is '\\L\\u*' the file names
|
|
will be converted to have initial upper case and otherwise lower case.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can also use '\\' as a quote character. For example, '\\\\' is
|
|
a backslash and '\\*' is an asterisk.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Internal File Viewer"
|
|
The internal file viewer provides two display modes: ASCII and hex.
|
|
To toggle between modes, use the F4 key. If you have the GNU gzip
|
|
program installed, it will be used to automatically decompress the
|
|
files on demand.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The viewer will try to use the best method provided by your system or
|
|
the file type to display the information. The internal file viewer
|
|
will interpret some string sequences to set the bold and underline
|
|
attributes, thus making a pretty display of your files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When in hex mode, the search function accepts text in quotes and
|
|
constant numbers. Text in quotes is matched exactly after removing
|
|
the quotes. Each number matches one byte. You can mix quoted text
|
|
with constants like this:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
"String" -1 0xBB 012 "more text"
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note that 012 is an octal number. -1 is converted to 0xFF.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Some internal details about the viewer: On systems that provide the
|
|
mmap(2) system call, the program maps the file instead of loading it;
|
|
if the system does not provide the mmap(2) system call or the file
|
|
matches an action that requires a filter, then the viewer will use
|
|
it's growing buffers, thus loading only those parts of the file that
|
|
you actually access (this includes compressed files).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Here is a listing of the actions associated with each key that the
|
|
Midnight Commander handles in the internal file viewer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F1
|
|
Invoke the builtin hypertext help viewer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F2
|
|
Toggle the wrap mode.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F4
|
|
Toggle the hex mode.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F5
|
|
Goto line. This will prompt you for a line number and will display
|
|
that line.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F6, /.
|
|
Regular expression search.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B ?,
|
|
Reverse regular expression search.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F7
|
|
Normal search / hex mode search.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-s, F17, n.
|
|
Start normal search if there was no previous search expression else
|
|
find next match.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-r.
|
|
Start reverse search if there was no previous search expression else
|
|
find next match.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F8
|
|
Toggle Raw/Parsed mode: This will show the file as found on disk or if
|
|
a processing filter has been specified in the mc.ext file, then the
|
|
output from the filter. Current mode is always the other than written
|
|
on the button label, since on the button is the mode which you enter
|
|
by that key.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F9
|
|
Toggle the format/unformat mode: when format mode is on the viewer
|
|
will interpret some string sequences to show bold and underline with
|
|
different colors. Also, on button label is the other mode than current.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F10, Esc.
|
|
Exit the internal file viewer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B next-page, space, C-v.
|
|
Scroll one page forward.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B prev-page, M-v, C-b, backspace.
|
|
Scroll one page backward.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B down-key
|
|
Scroll one line forward.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B up-key
|
|
Scroll one line backward.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-l
|
|
Refresh the screen.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-o
|
|
Switch to the subshell and show the command screen.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B !
|
|
Like C-o, but run a new shell if the subshell is not running.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B "[n] m"
|
|
Set the mark n.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B "[n] r"
|
|
Jump to the mark n.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-f
|
|
Jump to the next file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B C-b
|
|
Jump to the previous file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B M-r
|
|
Toggle the ruler.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It's possible to instruct the file viewer how to display a file, look
|
|
at the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Extension File Edit section
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
.SH "Internal File Editor"
|
|
The internal file editor provides most of the features of
|
|
common full screen editors. It is invoked using
|
|
.B F4
|
|
provided
|
|
the
|
|
.I use_internal_edit
|
|
option is set in the initialization file. It has an extendable file size
|
|
limit of sixteen megabytes and edits binary files flawlessly.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The features it presently supports are: Block
|
|
copy, move, delete, cut, paste;
|
|
.I "key for key undo";
|
|
pull-down
|
|
menus; file insertion; macro definition; regular expression
|
|
search and replace (and our own scanf-printf search and
|
|
replace); shift-arrow MSW-MAC text highlighting (for the
|
|
linux console only); insert-overwrite toggle; and an option
|
|
to pipe text blocks through shell commands like indent.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The editor is very easy to use and requires no tutoring.
|
|
To see what keys do what, just consult the appropriate
|
|
pull-down menu. Other keys are: Shift movement
|
|
keys do text highlighting.
|
|
.B Ctrl-Ins
|
|
copies to the file
|
|
.B cooledit.clip and
|
|
.B Shift-Ins
|
|
pastes from cooledit.clip.
|
|
.B Shift-Del
|
|
cuts to
|
|
.B cooledit.clip,
|
|
and
|
|
.B Ctrl-Del
|
|
deletes highlighted text. The completion key also does a Return
|
|
with an automatic indent. Mouse highlighting also works, and you
|
|
can override the mouse as usual by holding down the shift key
|
|
while dragging the mouse to let normal terminal mouse highlighting
|
|
work.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To define a macro, press
|
|
.B Ctrl-R
|
|
and then type out the key
|
|
strokes you want to be executed. Press
|
|
.B Ctrl-R
|
|
again when finished. You can then assign the macro to any key you
|
|
like by pressing that key. The macro is executed when you press
|
|
.B Ctrl-A and then the assigned key. The macro is also executed if
|
|
you press Meta, Ctrl, or Esc and the assigned key, provided that the
|
|
key is not used for any other function. Once defined, the macro
|
|
commands go into the file
|
|
.B .mc/cedit/cooledit.macros
|
|
in your home directory. You can delete a macro by deleting the
|
|
appropriate line in this file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.B F19
|
|
will format the currently highlighted block (plain text or
|
|
.B C
|
|
or
|
|
.B C++
|
|
code or another). This is controlled by the
|
|
file
|
|
.B @prefix@/lib/mc/edit.indent.rc
|
|
which is copied to
|
|
.B .mc/cedit/edit.indent.rc
|
|
in your home directory the first time you use it.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can use scanf search and replace to search and replace
|
|
a C format string. First take a look at the
|
|
.B sscanf
|
|
and
|
|
.B sprintf
|
|
man pages to see what a format string
|
|
is and how it works. An example is as follows: Suppose you want
|
|
to replace all occurrences of say, an open bracket, three
|
|
comma separated numbers, and a close bracket, with the
|
|
word
|
|
.I apples,
|
|
the third number, the word
|
|
.I oranges
|
|
and then the second number, I would fill in the Replace dialog
|
|
box as follows:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
Enter search string
|
|
(%d,%d,%d)
|
|
Enter replace string
|
|
apples %d oranges %d
|
|
Enter replacement argument order
|
|
3,2
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
The last line specifies that the third and then the second
|
|
number are to be used in place of the first and second.
|
|
.PP
|
|
It is advisable to use this feature with Prompt on replace on, because
|
|
a match is thought to be found whenever the number of arguments found
|
|
matches the number given, which is not always a real match. Scanf also
|
|
treats whitespace as being elastic. Note that the scanf format % is
|
|
very useful for scanning strings, and whitespace.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The editor also displays non-us characters (160+). When editing
|
|
binary files, you should set
|
|
.B display bits
|
|
to 7 bits in the options menu to keep the spacing clean.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Completion"
|
|
Let the Midnight Commander type for you.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Attempt to perform completion on the text before current position. MC
|
|
attempts completion treating the text as variable (if the text begins with
|
|
.B $
|
|
), username (if the text begins with
|
|
.B ~
|
|
), hostname (if the text
|
|
begins with
|
|
.B @
|
|
) or command (if you are on the command line in the
|
|
position where you might type a command, possible completions then include
|
|
shell reserved words and shell builtin commands as well) in turn. If none
|
|
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Filename, username, variable and hostname completion works on all input
|
|
lines, command completion is command line specific.
|
|
If the completion is ambiguous (there are more different possibilities),
|
|
MC beeps and the following action depends on the setting of the
|
|
.I Complete: show all
|
|
option in the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Configuration
|
|
.\"Configuration"
|
|
dialog. If it is enabled, a list of all
|
|
possibilities pops up next to the current position and you can select with
|
|
the arrow keys and
|
|
.B Enter
|
|
the correct entry. You can also type the first letters in which the
|
|
possibilities differ to move to a subset of all possibilities and complete
|
|
as much as possible. If you press
|
|
.B M-Tab
|
|
again, only the subset will be shown in the listbox, otherwise the first
|
|
item which matches all the previous characters will be highlighted. As soon
|
|
as there is no ambiguity, dialog disappears, but you can hide it by
|
|
canceling keys
|
|
.B Esc,
|
|
.B F10
|
|
and left and right arrow keys. If
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Complete: show all
|
|
.\"Configuration"
|
|
is disabled, the dialog pops up only if you press
|
|
.B M-Tab
|
|
for the second time, for the first time MC just beeps.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Virtual File System"
|
|
The Midnight Commander is provided with a code layer to access the
|
|
file system; this code layer is known as the virtual file system
|
|
switch. The virtual file system switch allows the Midnight Commander
|
|
to manipulate files not located on the Unix file system.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Currently the Midnight Commander is packaged with some Virtual File
|
|
Systems (VFS): the local file system, used for accessing the regular
|
|
Unix file system; the ftpfs, used to manipulate files on remote
|
|
systems with the FTP protocol; the tarfs, used to manipulate tar and
|
|
compressed tar files; the undelfs, used to recover deleted files on
|
|
ext2 file systems (the default file system for Linux systems), fish
|
|
(for manipulating files over shell connections such as rsh and ssh) and
|
|
finally the mcfs (Midnight Commander file system), a network based
|
|
file system. If the code was compiled with smbfs support, you can
|
|
manipulate files on remote systems with the SMB (CIFS) protocol.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The VFS switch code will interpret all of the path names used and will
|
|
forward them to the correct file system, the formats used for each one
|
|
of the file systems is described later in their own section.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " FTP File System"
|
|
The ftpfs allows you to manipulate files on remote machines, to
|
|
actually use it, you may try to use the panel command FTP link
|
|
(accessible from the menubar) or you may directly change your current
|
|
directory to it using the cd command to a path name that looks like this:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I /#ftp:[!][user[:pass]@]machine[:port][remote-dir]
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I user, port
|
|
and
|
|
.I remote-dir
|
|
elements are optional. If you specify the
|
|
.I user
|
|
element, then the Midnight Commander will try to logon on the remote
|
|
machine as that user, otherwise it will use your login name. The
|
|
optional
|
|
.I pass
|
|
element, if present is the password used for the connection. This is not
|
|
recommended (nor keeping the password in your hotlist, unless you set the
|
|
appropriate permissions there, and even then it may not be entirely safe).
|
|
.PP
|
|
Examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
/#ftp:ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local
|
|
/#ftp:tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages
|
|
/#ftp:!behind.firewall.edu/pub
|
|
/#ftp:guest@remote-host.com:40/pub
|
|
/#ftp:miguel:xxx@server/pub
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
To connect to sites behind a firewall, you will need to use the prefix
|
|
ftp://! (i.e., with a bang character after the double slash) to make
|
|
the Midnight Commander use a proxy host for doing the ftp transfer.
|
|
You can define the proxy host in the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Virtual File System
|
|
.\"Virtual FS"
|
|
dialog box.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Another option to set is the
|
|
.I Always use ftp proxy
|
|
option in the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Virtual File System
|
|
.\"Virtual FS"
|
|
dialog box. This will configure the program
|
|
to always use the proxy host. If this variable is set, the program
|
|
will do two things: consult the @prefix@/lib/mc/mc.no_proxy file for
|
|
lines containing host names that are local (if the host name starts
|
|
with a dot, it is assumed to be a domain) and to assume that any
|
|
hostnames without dots in their names are directly accessible.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you are using the ftpfs code with a filtering packet router that
|
|
does not allow you to use the regular mode of opening files, you may
|
|
want to force the program to use the passive-open mode. To use this,
|
|
set the ftpfs_use_passive_connections option in the initialization file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The Midnight Commander keeps the directory listing in a cache. The cache
|
|
expire time is configurable in the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Virtual File System
|
|
.\"Virtual FS"
|
|
dialog box. This has the funny behavior that even if you make changes to a
|
|
directory, they will not be reflected in the directory listing until you
|
|
force a cache reload with the C-r key. This is a feature (when you think
|
|
it's a bug, think about manipulating files on the other side of the Atlantic
|
|
with ftpfs).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Tar File System"
|
|
The tar file system provides you with read-only access to your tar
|
|
files and compressed tar files by using the chdir command. To change
|
|
your directory to a tar file, you change your current directory to the
|
|
tar file by using the following syntax:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I /filename.tar#utar/[dir-inside-tar]
|
|
.PP
|
|
The mc.ext file already provides a shortcut for tar files, this means
|
|
that usually you just point to a tar file and press return to enter
|
|
into the tar file, see the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Extension File Edit
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
section for details on how this is done.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
mc-3.0.tar.gz#utar/mc-3.0/vfs
|
|
/ftp/GCC/gcc-2.7.0.tar#utar
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
The latter specifies the full path of the tar archive.
|
|
.SH " FIle transfer over SHell filesystem"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The fish file system is a network based file system that allows you to
|
|
manipulate the files in a remote machine as if they were local. To use
|
|
this, the other side has to either run fish server, or has to have
|
|
bash-compatible shell.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To connect to a remote machine, you just need to chdir
|
|
into a special directory which name is in the following
|
|
format:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
/#sh:[user@]machine[:options]/[remote-dir]
|
|
.fi
|
|
The
|
|
.I user,
|
|
.I options
|
|
and
|
|
.I remote-dir
|
|
elements are optional. If
|
|
you specify the
|
|
.I user
|
|
element then the Midnight Commander
|
|
will try to logon on the remote machine as that user,
|
|
otherwise it will use your login name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I options
|
|
are 'C' - use compression and 'rsh' use rsh instead
|
|
of ssh. If the
|
|
.I remote-dir
|
|
element is present, your current directory on the remote machine will
|
|
be set to this one.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
/#sh:onlyrsh.mx:r/linux/local
|
|
/#sh:joe@want.compression.edu:C/private
|
|
/#sh:joe@noncompressed.ssh.edu/private
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Network File System"
|
|
The Midnight Commander file system is a network base file system that
|
|
allows you to manipulate the files in a remote machine as if they
|
|
were local. To use this, the remote machine must be running the
|
|
mcserv(8) server program.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To connect to a remote machine, you just need to chdir into a special
|
|
directory which name is in the following format:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I /#mc:[user@]machine[:port][remote-dir]
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I user, port
|
|
and
|
|
.I remote-dir
|
|
elements are optional. If you specify the
|
|
.I user
|
|
element then the Midnight Commander will try to logon on the remote
|
|
machine as that user, otherwise it will use your login name.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I port
|
|
element is used when the remote machine running on a special port
|
|
(see the mcserv(8) manual page for more information about ports);
|
|
finally, if the
|
|
.I remote-dir
|
|
element is present, your current directory on the remote machine will
|
|
be set to this one.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
/#mc:ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local
|
|
/#mc:joe@foo.edu:11321/private
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " Undelete File System"
|
|
On Linux systems, if you asked configure to use the ext2fs undelete
|
|
facilities, you will have the undelete file system available.
|
|
Recovery of deleted files is only available on ext2 file systems. The
|
|
undelete file system is just an interface to the ext2fs library to:
|
|
retrieve all of the deleted files names on an ext2fs and provides and
|
|
to extract the selected files into a regular partition.
|
|
.PP
|
|
To use this file system, you have to chdir into the special file name
|
|
formed by the "/#undel" prefix and the file name where the actual
|
|
file system resides.
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example, to recover deleted files on the second partition of the
|
|
first SCSI disk on Linux, you would use the following path name:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
/#undel:sda2
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
It may take a while for the undelfs to load the required information
|
|
before you start browsing files there.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH " SMB File System"
|
|
The smbfs allows you to manipulate files on remote machines with SMB
|
|
(or CIFS) protocol. These include Windows for Workgroups,
|
|
Windows 9x, Windows NT, Windows 2000, OS/2 and Samba.
|
|
To actually use it, you may try
|
|
to use the panel command "SMB link..."
|
|
(accessible from the menubar) or you may directly change your current
|
|
directory to it using the cd command to a path name that looks like this:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I /#smb:machine[/service][/remote-dir]
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I service
|
|
and
|
|
.I remote-dir
|
|
elements are optional.
|
|
The
|
|
.I username, domain
|
|
and
|
|
.I password
|
|
can be specified in input dialog.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Examples:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
/#smb:machine/Share
|
|
/#smb:other_machine
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Colors"
|
|
The Midnight Commander will try to detect if your terminal supports
|
|
color using the terminal database and your terminal name. Sometimes
|
|
it gets confused, so you may force color mode or disable color mode
|
|
using the -c and -b flag respectively.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the program is compiled with the Slang screen manager instead of
|
|
ncurses, it will also check the variable
|
|
.B COLORTERM,
|
|
if it is set, it has the same effect as the -c flag.
|
|
.PP
|
|
You may specify terminals that always force color mode
|
|
by adding the
|
|
.I color_terminals
|
|
variable to the Colors
|
|
section of the initialization file. This will prevent the
|
|
Midnight Commander from trying to detect if your terminal
|
|
supports color. Example:
|
|
.nf
|
|
[Colors]
|
|
color_terminals=linux,xterm
|
|
.fi
|
|
.nf
|
|
color_terminals=terminal-name1,terminal-name2...
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
The program can be compiled with both ncurses and slang, ncurses does
|
|
not provide a way to force color mode: ncurses uses just the
|
|
information in the terminal database.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The Midnight Commander provides a way to change the default colors.
|
|
Currently the colors are configured using the environment variable
|
|
.B MC_COLOR_TABLE
|
|
or the Colors section in the initialization file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
In the Colors section, the default color map is loaded from the
|
|
.I base_color
|
|
variable. You can specify an alternate color map for a terminal by
|
|
using the terminal name as the key in this section. Example:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
[Colors]
|
|
base_color=
|
|
xterm=menu=magenta:marked=,magenta:markselect=,red
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
The format for the color definition is:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
<keyword>=<foregroundcolor>,<backgroundcolor>:<keyword>= ...
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
The colors are optional, and the keywords are: normal,
|
|
selected, marked, markselect, errors, input, reverse, gauge;
|
|
Menu colors are: menu, menusel, menuhot, menuhotsel; Dialog colors
|
|
are: dnormal, dfocus, dhotnormal, dhotfocus; Help colors
|
|
are: helpnormal, helpitalic, helpbold, helplink, helpslink;
|
|
Viewer color is: viewunderline; Special highlighting colors are:
|
|
executable, directory, link, device, special, core; Editor colors
|
|
are: editnormal, editbold, editmarked.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I input
|
|
determines the color of input lines used in query dialogs.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I gauge
|
|
determines the color of the filled part of the progress bar
|
|
(gauge), which shows how many percent of files were copied
|
|
etc. in a graphical way.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The dialog boxes use the following colors:
|
|
.I dnormal
|
|
is used for the normal text,
|
|
.I dfocus
|
|
is the color used for the currently selected component,
|
|
.I dhotnormal
|
|
is the color used to differentiate the hotkey color in normal
|
|
components, whereas the
|
|
.I dhotfocus
|
|
color is used for the highlighted color in the currently selected
|
|
component.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Menus use the same scheme but uses the menu, menusel, menuhot and
|
|
menuhotsel tags instead.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Help uses the following colors:
|
|
.I helpnormal
|
|
is used for normal text,
|
|
.I helpitalic
|
|
is used for text which is emphasized in italic in the manual page,
|
|
.I helpbold
|
|
is used for text which is emphasized in bold in the manual page,
|
|
.I helplink
|
|
is used for not selected hyperlinks and
|
|
.I helpslink
|
|
is used for selected hyperlink.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Special highlight colors determine how files are displayed
|
|
when file highlighting is enabled (see the section on
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
Layout).
|
|
.\"Layout
|
|
.I directory
|
|
is used for directories or symbolic links to directories;
|
|
.I executable
|
|
for executable files;
|
|
.I link
|
|
is used for symbolic links which are neither stalled nor linked
|
|
to a directory;
|
|
.I stalledlink
|
|
is used for stalled symbolic links;
|
|
.I device
|
|
- character and block devices;
|
|
.I special
|
|
is used for special files, such as pipes and sockets;
|
|
.I core
|
|
is for core files.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The possible colors are: black, gray, red, brightred, green,
|
|
brightgreen, brown, yellow, blue, brightblue, magenta, brightmagenta,
|
|
cyan, brightcyan, lightgray and white. And there is a special keyword
|
|
for transparent background. It is 'default'. The 'default' can only be
|
|
used for background color. Example:
|
|
.nf
|
|
[Colors]
|
|
base_color=normal=white,default:marked=magenta,default
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Special Settings"
|
|
Most of the settings of the Midnight Commander can be changed from the
|
|
menus. However, there are a small number of settings which can only be
|
|
changed by editing the setup file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
These variables may be set in your ~/.mc/ini file:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I clear_before_exec.
|
|
.IP
|
|
By default the Midnight Commander clears the screen before executing a
|
|
command. If you would prefer to see the output of the command at the
|
|
bottom of the screen, edit your ~/.mc/ini file and change the value of
|
|
the field clear_before_exec to 0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I confirm_view_dir.
|
|
.IP
|
|
If you press F3 on a directory, normally MC enters that directory. If
|
|
this flag is set to 1, then MC will ask for confirmation before
|
|
changing the directory if you have files tagged.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I ftpfs_retry_seconds.
|
|
.IP
|
|
This value is the number of seconds the Midnight Commander will wait
|
|
before attempting to reconnect to an ftp server that has denied the login.
|
|
If the value is zero, the login will no be retried.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I ftpfs_use_passive_connections.
|
|
.IP
|
|
This option is off by default. This makes the ftpfs code use the
|
|
passive open mode for transferring files. This is used by people that
|
|
are behind a filtering packet router. This option just works if you
|
|
are not using an ftp proxy.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I max_dirt_limit.
|
|
.IP
|
|
Specifies how many screen updates can be skipped at most in the internal
|
|
file viewer. Normally this value is not significant, because the code
|
|
automatically adjusts the number of updates to skip according to the rate
|
|
of incoming keystrokes. However, on very slow machines or terminals
|
|
with a fast keyboard auto repeat, a big value can make screen updates
|
|
too jumpy.
|
|
.IP
|
|
It seems that setting max_dirt_limit to 10 causes the best behavior,
|
|
and that is the default value.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I mouse_move_pages.
|
|
.IP
|
|
Controls whenever scrolling with the mouse is done by pages or line by
|
|
line on the panels.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I mouse_move_pages_viewer.
|
|
.IP
|
|
Controls if scrolling with the mouse is done by pages or line by line
|
|
on the internal file viewer.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I old_esc_mode
|
|
.IP
|
|
By default the Midnight Commander treats the ESC key as a key prefix
|
|
(old_esc_mode=0), if you set this option (old_esc_mode=1), then the
|
|
ESC key will act as a prefix key for one second, and if no extra keys
|
|
have arrived, then the ESC key is interpreted as a cancel key (ESC
|
|
ESC).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I only_leading_plus_minus
|
|
.IP
|
|
set special treatment for '+', '-', '*' in command line (select,
|
|
unselect, reverse selection) only if command line is empty. No need to
|
|
quote this characters in the middle of the command line. But we can not
|
|
change selection when command line is not empty.
|
|
.I panel_scroll_pages
|
|
.IP
|
|
If set (the default), panel will scroll by half the display when the
|
|
cursor reaches the end or the beginning of the panel, otherwise it
|
|
will just scroll a file at a time.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I preserve_uidgid
|
|
.IP
|
|
If this option is set (the default), when logged in as root the
|
|
default will be to preserve the UID and the GID of files. Some users
|
|
prefer to disable this option, so that's why it's configurable.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I show_output_starts_shell
|
|
.IP
|
|
This variable only works if you are not using the subshell support.
|
|
When you use the C-o keystroke to go back to the user screen, if this
|
|
one is set, you will get a fresh shell. Otherwise, pressing any key
|
|
will bring you back to the Midnight Commander.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I torben_fj_mode
|
|
.IP
|
|
If this flag is set, then the home and end keys will work slightly
|
|
different on the panels, instead of moving the selection to the first
|
|
and last files in the panels, they will act as follows:
|
|
.IP
|
|
The home key will: Go up to the middle line, if below it; else go to
|
|
the top line unless it is already on the top line, in this case it
|
|
will go to the first file in the panel.
|
|
.IP
|
|
The end key has a similar behavior: Go down to the middle line, if
|
|
over it; else go to the bottom line unless you already are at the
|
|
bottom line, in such case it will move the selection to the last file
|
|
name in the panel.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I use_file_to_guess_type
|
|
.IP
|
|
If this variable is on (the default) it will spawn the file command to
|
|
match the file types listed on the
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
mc.ext file.
|
|
.\"Extension File Edit"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I xterm_mode
|
|
.IP
|
|
If this variable is on (default is off) when you browse the file
|
|
system on a Tree panel, it will automatically reload the other panel
|
|
with the contents of the selected directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH "Terminal databases"
|
|
The Midnight Commander provides a way to fix your system terminal
|
|
database without requiring root privileges. The Midnight Commander
|
|
searches in the system initialization file (the mc.lib file located in
|
|
the Midnight Commander library directory) and in the ~/.mc/ini file
|
|
for the section "terminal:your-terminal-name" and then for the section
|
|
"terminal:general", each line of the section contains a key symbol
|
|
that you want to define, followed by an equal sign and the definition
|
|
for the key. You can use the special \\e form to represent the escape
|
|
character and the ^x to represent the control-x character.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The possible key symbols are:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
f0 to f20 Function keys f0-f20
|
|
bs backspace
|
|
home home key
|
|
end end key
|
|
up up arrow key
|
|
down down arrow key
|
|
left left arrow key
|
|
right right arrow key
|
|
pgdn page down key
|
|
pgup page up key
|
|
insert the insert character
|
|
delete the delete character
|
|
complete to do completion
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example, to define the key insert to be the Escape + [ + O + p, you
|
|
set this in the ini file:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
insert=\\e[Op
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
The
|
|
.I complete
|
|
key symbol represents the escape sequences used to invoke the
|
|
completion process, this is invoked with M-tab, but you can define
|
|
other keys to do the same work (on those keyboard with tons of nice
|
|
and unused keys everywhere).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.SH ""
|
|
.SH "FILES"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The program will retrieve all of its information relative to the
|
|
MC_LIBDIR environment variable, if this variable is not set, then it will
|
|
fall back to the @prefix@/lib/mc directory.
|
|
.PP
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.hlp
|
|
.IP
|
|
The help file for the program.
|
|
.PP
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.ext
|
|
.IP
|
|
The default system-wide extensions file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
~/.mc/bindings
|
|
.IP
|
|
User's own extension, view configuration and edit configuration
|
|
file. They override the contents of the system wide files if present.
|
|
.PP
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.ini
|
|
.IP
|
|
The default system-wide setup for the Midnight Commander, used only if
|
|
the user doesn't have his own ~/.mc/ini file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.lib
|
|
.IP
|
|
Global settings for the Midnight Commander. Settings in this file
|
|
affect all users, whether they have ~/.mc/ini or not. Currently, only
|
|
.\"LINK2"
|
|
terminal settings
|
|
.\"Terminal databases"
|
|
are loaded from mc.lib.
|
|
.PP
|
|
~/.mc/ini
|
|
.IP
|
|
User's own setup. If this file is present then the setup is loaded
|
|
from here instead of the system-wide startup file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.hint
|
|
.IP
|
|
This file contains the hints (cookies) displayed by the program.
|
|
.PP
|
|
@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.menu
|
|
.IP
|
|
This file contains the default system-wide applications menu.
|
|
.PP
|
|
~/.mc/menu
|
|
.IP
|
|
User's own application menu. If this file is present it is used
|
|
instead of the system-wide applications menu.
|
|
.PP
|
|
~/.mc/Tree
|
|
.IP
|
|
The directory list for the directory tree and tree view features.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&./.mc.menu
|
|
.IP
|
|
Local user-defined menu. If this file
|
|
is present it is used instead of the home or system-wide
|
|
applications menu.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"SKIP_SECTION"
|
|
.SH "LICENZA"
|
|
Questo programma è distribuito sotto i termini della Licenza Generale
|
|
GNU come pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation. Vedere l'aiuto integrato
|
|
per i dettagli sulla licenza e sulla mancanza di garanzie.
|
|
.\"NODE "AVAILABILITY"
|
|
.SH "REPERIBILITA'"
|
|
L'ultima versione di questo programma si trova su
|
|
ftp://ftp.gnome.org/mirror/gnome.org/stable/sources/mc/ e sui
|
|
mirror elencati sul sito GNOME http://www.gnome.org/.
|
|
.\"NODE "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.SH "VEDERE ANCHE"
|
|
ed(1), gpm(1), mcserv(8), terminfo(1), view(1), sh(1), bash(1),
|
|
tcsh(1), zsh(1).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.nf
|
|
La pagina Web del The Midnight Commander:
|
|
http://www.gnome.org/mc/
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE "AUTHORS"
|
|
.SH "AUTORI"
|
|
Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com), Janne Kukonlehto
|
|
(jtklehto@paju.oulu.fi), Radek Doulik (rodo@ucw.cz), Fred
|
|
Leeflang (fredl@nebula.ow.org), Dugan Porter (dugan@b011.eunet.es),
|
|
Jakub Jelinek (jj@sunsite.mff.cuni.cz), Ching Hui
|
|
(mr854307@cs.nthu.edu.tw), Andrej Borsenkow (borsenkow.msk@sni.de),
|
|
Norbert Warmuth (nwarmuth@privat.circular.de),
|
|
Mauricio Plaza (mok@roxanne.nuclecu.unam.mx), Paul Sheer
|
|
(psheer@icon.co.za), Pavel Machek (pavel@ucw.cz) e Pavel Roskin
|
|
(proski@gnu.org) sono gli sviluppatori di questo pacchetto.
|
|
Alessandro Rubini (rubini@ipvvis.unipv.it) ha dato un notevole
|
|
contribuito nella correzione e nel miglioramento del supporto del
|
|
mouse nel programma, John Davis (davis@space.mit.edu) ha reso
|
|
disponibile la sua libreria S-lang sotto la licenza GPL e ha risposto
|
|
alle mie domande su di essa; le seguenti persone hanno contribuito
|
|
al codice e in molte correzioni (in ordine alfabetico):
|
|
.PP
|
|
Adam Tla/lka (atlka@sunrise.pg.gda.pl),
|
|
alex@bcs.zp.ua (Alex I. Tkachenko), Antonio Palama,
|
|
DOS port (palama@posso.dm.unipi.it), Erwin van Eijk
|
|
(wabbit@corner.iaf.nl), Gerd Knorr (kraxel@cs.tu-berlin.de),
|
|
Jean-Daniel Luiset (luiset@cih.hcuge.ch), Jon Stevens
|
|
(root@dolphin.csudh.edu), Juan Francisco Grigera, port su piattaforma Win32
|
|
(j-grigera@usa.net), Juan Jose Ciarlante (jjciarla@raiz.uncu.edu.ar),
|
|
Ilya Rybkin (rybkin@rouge.phys.lsu.edu), Marcelo Roccasalva
|
|
(mfroccas@raiz.uncu.edu.ar), Massimo Fontanelli (MC8737@mclink.it),
|
|
Sergey Ya. Korshunoff (root@seyko.msk.su), Thomas Pundt
|
|
(pundtt@math.uni-muenster.de), Timur Bakeyev
|
|
(timur@goff.comtat.kazan.su), Tomasz Cholewo
|
|
(tjchol01@mecca.spd.louisville.edu), Torben Fjerdingstad
|
|
(torben.fjerdingstad@uni-c.dk), Vadim Sinolitis (vvs@nsrd.npi.msu.su)
|
|
and Wim Osterholt (wim@djo.wtm.tudelft.nl).
|
|
.PP
|
|
.\"NODE "BUGS"
|
|
.SH "BACHI"
|
|
Vedere il file TODO nella distribuzione per informazioni su
|
|
quello che rimane ancora da fare.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Se si vuole fare un rapporto di un problema nel programma, prego spedire
|
|
un messaggio di post a questo indirizzo: mc-devel@gnome.org.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Nel rapporto è necessario fornire una descrizione dettagliata del baco,
|
|
la versione del programma (mc -v mostra quest'informazione), il sistema
|
|
operativo su cui si sta facendo girare il programma e, se il programma
|
|
va in crash, è gradita una traccia dello stack.
|
|
|