FreeRDP/winpr/libwinpr/smartcard/smartcard_pcsc.c

/**
 * WinPR: Windows Portable Runtime
 * Smart Card API
 *
 * Copyright 2014 Marc-Andre Moreau <marcandre.moreau@gmail.com>
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#ifndef _WIN32

#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <winpr/crt.h>
#include <winpr/synch.h>
#include <winpr/library.h>
#include <winpr/smartcard.h>
#include <winpr/collections.h>
#include <winpr/environment.h>

#include "smartcard_pcsc.h"

#include "../log.h"
#define TAG WINPR_TAG("smartcard")

/**
 * PC/SC transactions:
 * http://developersblog.wwpass.com/?p=180
 */

/**
 * Smart Card Logon on Windows Vista:
 * http://blogs.msdn.com/b/shivaram/archive/2007/02/26/smart-card-logon-on-windows-vista.aspx
 */

/**
 * The Smart Card Cryptographic Service Provider Cookbook:
 * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms953432.aspx
 *
 * SCARDCONTEXT
 *
 * The context is a communication channel with the smart card resource manager and
 * all calls to the resource manager must go through this link.
 *
 * All functions that take a context as a parameter or a card handle as parameter,
 * which is indirectly associated with a particular context, may be blocking calls.
 * Examples of these are SCardGetStatusChange and SCardBeginTransaction, which takes
 * a card handle as a parameter. If such a function blocks then all operations wanting
 * to use the context are blocked as well. So, it is recommended that a CSP using
 * monitoring establishes at least two contexts with the resource manager; one for
 * monitoring (with SCardGetStatusChange) and one for other operations.
 *
 * If multiple cards are present, it is recommended that a separate context or pair
 * of contexts be established for each card to prevent operations on one card from
 * blocking operations on another.
 *
 * Example one
 *
 * The example below shows what can happen if a CSP using SCardGetStatusChange for
 * monitoring does not establish two contexts with the resource manager.
 * The context becomes unusable until SCardGetStatusChange unblocks.
 *
 * In this example, there is one process running called P1.
 * P1 calls SCardEstablishContext, which returns the context hCtx.
 * P1 calls SCardConnect (with the hCtx context) which returns a handle to the card, hCard.
 * P1 calls SCardGetStatusChange (with the hCtx context) which blocks because
 * there are no status changes to report.
 * Until the thread running SCardGetStatusChange unblocks, another thread in P1 trying to
 * perform an operation using the context hCtx (or the card hCard) will also be blocked.
 *
 * Example two
 *
 * The example below shows how transaction control ensures that operations meant to be
 * performed without interruption can do so safely within a transaction.
 *
 * In this example, there are two different processes running; P1 and P2.
 * P1 calls SCardEstablishContext, which returns the context hCtx1.
 * P2 calls SCardEstablishContext, which returns the context hCtx2.
 * P1 calls SCardConnect (with the hCtx1 context) which returns a handle to the card, hCard1.
 * P2 calls SCardConnect (with the hCtx2 context) which returns a handle to the same card, hCard2.
 * P1 calls SCardBeginTransaction (with the hCard 1 context).
 * Until P1 calls SCardEndTransaction (with the hCard1 context),
 * any operation using hCard2 will be blocked.
 * Once an operation using hCard2 is blocked and until it's returning,
 * any operation using hCtx2 (and hCard2) will also be blocked.
 */

//#define DISABLE_PCSC_SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE

typedef struct _PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT;
typedef struct _PCSC_SCARDHANDLE PCSC_SCARDHANDLE;

struct _PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT
{
	SCARDHANDLE owner;
	CRITICAL_SECTION lock;
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext;
	DWORD dwCardHandleCount;
	BOOL isTransactionLocked;
};

struct _PCSC_SCARDHANDLE
{
	BOOL shared;
	SCARDCONTEXT hSharedContext;
};

static HMODULE g_PCSCModule = NULL;
static PCSCFunctionTable g_PCSC = { 0 };

static HANDLE g_StartedEvent = NULL;
static int g_StartedEventRefCount = 0;

static BOOL g_SCardAutoAllocate = FALSE;
static BOOL g_PnP_Notification = TRUE;

#ifdef __MACOSX__
static unsigned int OSXVersion = 0;
#endif



static wListDictionary* g_CardHandles = NULL;
static wListDictionary* g_CardContexts = NULL;
static wListDictionary* g_MemoryBlocks = NULL;

char SMARTCARD_PNP_NOTIFICATION_A[] = "\\\\?PnP?\\Notification";

const PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST g_PCSC_rgSCardT0Pci = { SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0, sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) };
const PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST g_PCSC_rgSCardT1Pci = { SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1, sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) };
const PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST g_PCSC_rgSCardRawPci = { PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW, sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) };

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCVOID pvMem);
WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardEstablishContext_Internal(DWORD dwScope,
        LPCVOID pvReserved1, LPCVOID pvReserved2, LPSCARDCONTEXT phContext);
WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardReleaseContext_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext);

static LONG PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(LONG errorCode)
{
	/**
	 * pcsc-lite returns SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED when it
	 * should return SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE.
	 *
	 * Additionally, the pcsc-lite headers incorrectly
	 * define SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE to 0x8010001F,
	 * when the real value should be 0x80100022.
	 */
	if (errorCode == SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED)
		errorCode = SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE;

	return errorCode;
}

static DWORD PCSC_ConvertCardStateToWinSCard(DWORD dwCardState, LONG status)
{
	/**
	 * pcsc-lite's SCardStatus returns a bit-field, not an enumerated value.
	 *
	 *         State             WinSCard           pcsc-lite
	 *
	 *      SCARD_UNKNOWN           0                0x0001
	 *      SCARD_ABSENT            1                0x0002
	 *      SCARD_PRESENT           2                0x0004
	 *      SCARD_SWALLOWED         3                0x0008
	 *      SCARD_POWERED           4                0x0010
	 *      SCARD_NEGOTIABLE        5                0x0020
	 *      SCARD_SPECIFIC          6                0x0040
	 *
	 * pcsc-lite also never sets SCARD_SPECIFIC,
	 * which is expected by some windows applications.
	 */
	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		if ((dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_NEGOTIABLE) || (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_SPECIFIC))
			return SCARD_SPECIFIC;
	}

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_POWERED)
		return SCARD_POWERED;

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_NEGOTIABLE)
		return SCARD_NEGOTIABLE;

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_SPECIFIC)
		return SCARD_SPECIFIC;

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_ABSENT)
		return SCARD_ABSENT;

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_PRESENT)
		return SCARD_PRESENT;

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_SWALLOWED)
		return SCARD_SWALLOWED;

	if (dwCardState & PCSC_SCARD_UNKNOWN)
		return SCARD_UNKNOWN;

	return SCARD_UNKNOWN;
}

static DWORD PCSC_ConvertProtocolsToWinSCard(DWORD dwProtocols)
{
	/**
	 * pcsc-lite uses a different value for SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW,
	 * and also has SCARD_PROTOCOL_T15 which is not in WinSCard.
	 */
	if (dwProtocols & PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW)
	{
		dwProtocols &= ~PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW;
		dwProtocols |= SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW;
	}

	if (dwProtocols & PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_T15)
	{
		dwProtocols &= ~PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_T15;
	}

	return dwProtocols;
}

static DWORD PCSC_ConvertProtocolsFromWinSCard(DWORD dwProtocols)
{
	/**
	 * pcsc-lite uses a different value for SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW,
	 * and it does not define WinSCard's SCARD_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT.
	 */
	if (dwProtocols & SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW)
	{
		dwProtocols &= ~SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW;
		dwProtocols |= PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW;
	}

	if (dwProtocols & SCARD_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT)
	{
		dwProtocols &= ~SCARD_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT;
	}

	if (dwProtocols == SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED)
	{
		dwProtocols = SCARD_PROTOCOL_Tx;
	}

	return dwProtocols;
}

static PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* PCSC_GetCardContextData(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;

	if (!g_CardContexts)
		return NULL;

	pContext = (PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT*) ListDictionary_GetItemValue(g_CardContexts, (void*) hContext);

	if (!pContext)
		return NULL;

	return pContext;
}

static PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* PCSC_EstablishCardContext(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;
	pContext = (PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT*) calloc(1, sizeof(PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT));

	if (!pContext)
		return NULL;

	pContext->hContext = hContext;

	if (!InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount(&(pContext->lock), 4000))
		goto error_spinlock;

	if (!g_CardContexts)
	{
		g_CardContexts = ListDictionary_New(TRUE);

		if (!g_CardContexts)
			goto errors;
	}

	if (!ListDictionary_Add(g_CardContexts, (void*) hContext, (void*) pContext))
		goto errors;

	return pContext;
errors:
	DeleteCriticalSection(&(pContext->lock));
error_spinlock:
	free(pContext);
	return NULL;
}

static void PCSC_ReleaseCardContext(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;
	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

	if (!pContext)
	{
		WLog_ERR(TAG, "PCSC_ReleaseCardContext: null pContext!");
		return;
	}

	DeleteCriticalSection(&(pContext->lock));
	free(pContext);

	if (!g_CardContexts)
		return;

	ListDictionary_Remove(g_CardContexts, (void*) hContext);
}

static BOOL PCSC_LockCardContext(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;
	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

	if (!pContext)
	{
		WLog_ERR(TAG, "PCSC_LockCardContext: invalid context (%p)", (void*) hContext);
		return FALSE;
	}

	EnterCriticalSection(&(pContext->lock));
	return TRUE;
}

static BOOL PCSC_UnlockCardContext(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;
	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

	if (!pContext)
	{
		WLog_ERR(TAG, "PCSC_UnlockCardContext: invalid context (%p)", (void*) hContext);
		return FALSE;
	}

	LeaveCriticalSection(&(pContext->lock));
	return TRUE;
}

static PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* PCSC_GetCardHandleData(SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard;

	if (!g_CardHandles)
		return NULL;

	pCard = (PCSC_SCARDHANDLE*) ListDictionary_GetItemValue(g_CardHandles, (void*) hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return NULL;

	return pCard;
}

static SCARDCONTEXT PCSC_GetCardContextFromHandle(SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard;
	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return 0;

	return pCard->hSharedContext;
}

static BOOL PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, SCARDHANDLE hCard, BOOL shared)
{
	BOOL status = TRUE;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext = NULL;

	if (!hCard)
	{
		/* SCardConnect */
		pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

		if (!pContext)
			return FALSE;

		if (!pContext->owner)
			return TRUE;

		/* wait for card ownership */
		return TRUE;
	}

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return FALSE;

	shared = pCard->shared;
	hContext = pCard->hSharedContext;
	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

	if (!pContext)
		return FALSE;

	if (!pContext->owner)
	{
		/* card is not owned */
		if (!shared)
			pContext->owner = hCard;

		return TRUE;
	}

	if (pContext->owner == hCard)
	{
		/* already card owner */
	}
	else
	{
		/* wait for card ownership */
	}

	return status;
}

static BOOL PCSC_ReleaseCardAccess(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext = NULL;

	if (!hCard)
	{
		/* release current owner */
		pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

		if (!pContext)
			return FALSE;

		hCard = pContext->owner;

		if (!hCard)
			return TRUE;

		pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

		if (!pCard)
			return FALSE;

		/* release card ownership */
		pContext->owner = 0;
		return TRUE;
	}

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return FALSE;

	hContext = pCard->hSharedContext;
	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hContext);

	if (!pContext)
		return FALSE;

	if (pContext->owner == hCard)
	{
		/* release card ownership */
		pContext->owner = 0;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

static PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* PCSC_ConnectCardHandle(SCARDCONTEXT hSharedContext, SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard;
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;
	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(hSharedContext);

	if (!pContext)
	{
		WLog_ERR(TAG, "PCSC_ConnectCardHandle: null pContext!");
		return NULL;
	}

	pCard = (PCSC_SCARDHANDLE*) calloc(1, sizeof(PCSC_SCARDHANDLE));

	if (!pCard)
		return NULL;

	pCard->hSharedContext = hSharedContext;

	if (!g_CardHandles)
	{
		g_CardHandles = ListDictionary_New(TRUE);

		if (!g_CardHandles)
			goto error;
	}

	if (!ListDictionary_Add(g_CardHandles, (void*) hCard, (void*) pCard))
		goto error;

	pContext->dwCardHandleCount++;
	return pCard;
error:
	free(pCard);
	return NULL;
}

static void PCSC_DisconnectCardHandle(SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard;
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext;
	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return;

	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(pCard->hSharedContext);
	free(pCard);

	if (!g_CardHandles)
		return;

	ListDictionary_Remove(g_CardHandles, (void*) hCard);

	if (!pContext)
	{
		WLog_ERR(TAG, "PCSC_DisconnectCardHandle: null pContext!");
		return;
	}

	pContext->dwCardHandleCount--;
}

static BOOL PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, void* pvMem)
{
	if (!g_MemoryBlocks)
	{
		g_MemoryBlocks = ListDictionary_New(TRUE);

		if (!g_MemoryBlocks)
			return FALSE;
	}

	return ListDictionary_Add(g_MemoryBlocks, pvMem, (void*) hContext);
}

static void* PCSC_RemoveMemoryBlock(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, void* pvMem)
{
	WINPR_UNUSED(hContext);

	if (!g_MemoryBlocks)
		return NULL;

	return ListDictionary_Remove(g_MemoryBlocks, pvMem);
}

/**
 * Standard Windows Smart Card API (PCSC)
 */

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardEstablishContext_Internal(DWORD dwScope,
        LPCVOID pvReserved1, LPCVOID pvReserved2, LPSCARDCONTEXT phContext)
{
	WINPR_UNUSED(dwScope); /* SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM is the only scope supported by pcsc-lite */
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardEstablishContext)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM, pvReserved1, pvReserved2,
	         phContext);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardEstablishContext(DWORD dwScope,
        LPCVOID pvReserved1, LPCVOID pvReserved2, LPSCARDCONTEXT phContext)
{
	LONG status;
	status = PCSC_SCardEstablishContext_Internal(dwScope, pvReserved1, pvReserved2, phContext);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		PCSC_EstablishCardContext(*phContext);

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardReleaseContext_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardReleaseContext)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!hContext)
	{
		WLog_ERR(TAG, "SCardReleaseContext: null hContext");
		return status;
	}

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardReleaseContext(hContext);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardReleaseContext(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	status = PCSC_SCardReleaseContext_Internal(hContext);

	if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		PCSC_ReleaseCardContext(hContext);

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIsValidContext(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardIsValidContext)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardIsValidContext(hContext);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReaderGroups_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPSTR mszGroups, LPDWORD pcchGroups)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	BOOL pcchGroupsAlloc = FALSE;
	LPSTR* pMszGroups = (LPSTR*) mszGroups;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cchGroups = 0;

	if (!pcchGroups)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (*pcchGroups == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
		pcchGroupsAlloc = TRUE;

	pcsc_cchGroups = pcchGroupsAlloc ? PCSC_SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE : (PCSC_DWORD) * pcchGroups;

	if (pcchGroupsAlloc && !g_SCardAutoAllocate)
	{
		pcsc_cchGroups = 0;
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups(hContext, NULL, &pcsc_cchGroups);

		if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		{
			*pMszGroups = calloc(1, pcsc_cchGroups);

			if (!*pMszGroups)
				return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;

			status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups(hContext, *pMszGroups, &pcsc_cchGroups);

			if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
				free(*pMszGroups);
			else
				PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, *pMszGroups);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups(hContext, mszGroups, &pcsc_cchGroups);
	}

	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	*pcchGroups = (DWORD) pcsc_cchGroups;
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReaderGroupsA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPSTR mszGroups, LPDWORD pcchGroups)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	status = PCSC_SCardListReaderGroups_Internal(hContext, mszGroups, pcchGroups);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReaderGroupsW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPWSTR mszGroups, LPDWORD pcchGroups)
{
	LPSTR mszGroupsA = NULL;
	LPSTR* pMszGroupsA = &mszGroupsA;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	status = PCSC_SCardListReaderGroups_Internal(hContext, (LPSTR) &mszGroupsA, pcchGroups);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		*pcchGroups = ConvertToUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, *pMszGroupsA, *pcchGroups, (WCHAR**) mszGroups, 0);
		PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, mszGroups);
		PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(hContext, *pMszGroupsA);
	}

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReaders_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR mszGroups, LPSTR mszReaders, LPDWORD pcchReaders)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	BOOL pcchReadersAlloc = FALSE;
	LPSTR* pMszReaders = (LPSTR*) mszReaders;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cchReaders = 0;

	if (!pcchReaders)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	mszGroups = NULL; /* mszGroups is not supported by pcsc-lite */

	if (*pcchReaders == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
		pcchReadersAlloc = TRUE;

	pcsc_cchReaders = pcchReadersAlloc ? PCSC_SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE : (PCSC_DWORD) * pcchReaders;

	if (pcchReadersAlloc && !g_SCardAutoAllocate)
	{
		pcsc_cchReaders = 0;
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders(hContext, mszGroups, NULL, &pcsc_cchReaders);

		if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		{
			*pMszReaders = calloc(1, pcsc_cchReaders);

			if (!*pMszReaders)
				return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;

			status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders(hContext, mszGroups, *pMszReaders, &pcsc_cchReaders);

			if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
				free(*pMszReaders);
			else
				PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, *pMszReaders);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders(hContext, mszGroups, mszReaders, &pcsc_cchReaders);
	}

	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	*pcchReaders = (DWORD) pcsc_cchReaders;
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReadersA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR mszGroups, LPSTR mszReaders, LPDWORD pcchReaders)
{
	BOOL nullCardContext = FALSE;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!hContext)
	{
		status = PCSC_SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM, NULL, NULL, &hContext);

		if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
			return status;

		nullCardContext = TRUE;
	}

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	status = PCSC_SCardListReaders_Internal(hContext, mszGroups, mszReaders, pcchReaders);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	if (nullCardContext)
	{
		status = PCSC_SCardReleaseContext(hContext);
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReadersW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR mszGroups, LPWSTR mszReaders, LPDWORD pcchReaders)
{
	LPSTR mszGroupsA = NULL;
	LPSTR mszReadersA = NULL;
	LPSTR* pMszReadersA = &mszReadersA;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	BOOL nullCardContext = FALSE;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!hContext)
	{
		status = PCSC_SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM, NULL, NULL, &hContext);

		if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
			return status;

		nullCardContext = TRUE;
	}

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	mszGroups = NULL; /* mszGroups is not supported by pcsc-lite */

	if (mszGroups)
		ConvertFromUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, mszGroups, -1, (char**) &mszGroupsA, 0, NULL, NULL);

	status = PCSC_SCardListReaders_Internal(hContext, mszGroupsA, (LPSTR) &mszReadersA, pcchReaders);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		*pcchReaders = ConvertToUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, *pMszReadersA, *pcchReaders, (WCHAR**) mszReaders, 0);
		PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, mszReaders);
		PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(hContext, *pMszReadersA);
	}

	free(mszGroupsA);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	if (nullCardContext)
	{
		status = PCSC_SCardReleaseContext(hContext);
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListCardsA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCBYTE pbAtr, LPCGUID rgquidInterfaces, DWORD cguidInterfaceCount, CHAR* mszCards,
        LPDWORD pcchCards)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListCardsW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCBYTE pbAtr, LPCGUID rgquidInterfaces, DWORD cguidInterfaceCount, WCHAR* mszCards,
        LPDWORD pcchCards)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListInterfacesA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szCard, LPGUID pguidInterfaces, LPDWORD pcguidInterfaces)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListInterfacesW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szCard, LPGUID pguidInterfaces, LPDWORD pcguidInterfaces)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetProviderIdA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szCard, LPGUID pguidProviderId)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetProviderIdW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szCard, LPGUID pguidProviderId)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetCardTypeProviderNameA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szCardName, DWORD dwProviderId, CHAR* szProvider, LPDWORD pcchProvider)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetCardTypeProviderNameW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szCardName, DWORD dwProviderId, WCHAR* szProvider, LPDWORD pcchProvider)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderGroupA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderGroupW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCWSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardForgetReaderGroupA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardForgetReaderGroupW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCWSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReaderName, LPCSTR szDeviceName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szReaderName, LPCWSTR szDeviceName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardForgetReaderA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCSTR szReaderName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardForgetReaderW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCWSTR szReaderName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardAddReaderToGroupA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReaderName, LPCSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardAddReaderToGroupW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szReaderName, LPCWSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardRemoveReaderFromGroupA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReaderName, LPCSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardRemoveReaderFromGroupW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szReaderName, LPCWSTR szGroupName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIntroduceCardTypeA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szCardName, LPCGUID pguidPrimaryProvider, LPCGUID rgguidInterfaces,
        DWORD dwInterfaceCount, LPCBYTE pbAtr, LPCBYTE pbAtrMask, DWORD cbAtrLen)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardIntroduceCardTypeW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szCardName, LPCGUID pguidPrimaryProvider, LPCGUID rgguidInterfaces,
        DWORD dwInterfaceCount, LPCBYTE pbAtr, LPCBYTE pbAtrMask, DWORD cbAtrLen)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardSetCardTypeProviderNameA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szCardName, DWORD dwProviderId, LPCSTR szProvider)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardSetCardTypeProviderNameW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szCardName, DWORD dwProviderId, LPCWSTR szProvider)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardForgetCardTypeA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCSTR szCardName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardForgetCardTypeW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCWSTR szCardName)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCVOID pvMem)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (PCSC_RemoveMemoryBlock(hContext, (void*) pvMem))
	{
		free((void*) pvMem);
		status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	}
	else
	{
		if (g_PCSC.pfnSCardFreeMemory)
		{
			status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardFreeMemory(hContext, pvMem);
			status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
		}
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardFreeMemory(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCVOID pvMem)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (hContext)
	{
		if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
			return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;
	}

	status = PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(hContext, pvMem);

	if (hContext)
	{
		if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
			return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI HANDLE WINAPI PCSC_SCardAccessStartedEvent(void)
{
	LONG status = 0;
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext = 0;
	status = PCSC_SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM, NULL, NULL, &hContext);

	if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		return NULL;

	status = PCSC_SCardReleaseContext(hContext);

	if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		return NULL;

	if (!g_StartedEvent)
	{
		if (!(g_StartedEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL)))
			return NULL;

		if (!SetEvent(g_StartedEvent))
		{
			CloseHandle(g_StartedEvent);
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	g_StartedEventRefCount++;
	return g_StartedEvent;
}

WINSCARDAPI void WINAPI PCSC_SCardReleaseStartedEvent(void)
{
	g_StartedEventRefCount--;

	if (g_StartedEventRefCount == 0)
	{
		if (g_StartedEvent)
		{
			CloseHandle(g_StartedEvent);
			g_StartedEvent = NULL;
		}
	}
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardLocateCardsA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR mszCards, LPSCARD_READERSTATEA rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardLocateCardsW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR mszCards, LPSCARD_READERSTATEW rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardLocateCardsByATRA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPSCARD_ATRMASK rgAtrMasks, DWORD cAtrs, LPSCARD_READERSTATEA rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardLocateCardsByATRW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPSCARD_ATRMASK rgAtrMasks, DWORD cAtrs, LPSCARD_READERSTATEW rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetStatusChange_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        DWORD dwTimeout, LPSCARD_READERSTATEA rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	int i, j;
	int* map;
	PCSC_DWORD cMappedReaders;
	PCSC_SCARD_READERSTATE* states;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwTimeout = (PCSC_DWORD) dwTimeout;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cReaders = (PCSC_DWORD) cReaders;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetStatusChange)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!cReaders)
		return SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	/* pcsc-lite interprets value 0 as INFINITE, work around the problem by using value 1 */
	pcsc_dwTimeout = pcsc_dwTimeout ? pcsc_dwTimeout : 1;
	/**
	 * Apple's SmartCard Services (not vanilla pcsc-lite) appears to have trouble with the
	 * "\\\\?PnP?\\Notification" reader name. I am always getting EXC_BAD_ACCESS with it.
	 *
	 * The SmartCard Services tarballs can be found here:
	 * http://opensource.apple.com/tarballs/SmartCardServices/
	 *
	 * The "\\\\?PnP?\\Notification" string cannot be found anywhere in the sources,
	 * while this string is present in the vanilla pcsc-lite sources.
	 *
	 * To work around this apparent lack of "\\\\?PnP?\\Notification" support,
	 * we have to filter rgReaderStates to exclude the special PnP reader name.
	 */
	map = (int*) calloc(pcsc_cReaders, sizeof(int));

	if (!map)
		return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;

	states = (PCSC_SCARD_READERSTATE*) calloc(pcsc_cReaders, sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_READERSTATE));

	if (!states)
	{
		free(map);
		return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;
	}

	for (i = j = 0; i < pcsc_cReaders; i++)
	{
		if (!g_PnP_Notification)
		{
			if (0 == _stricmp(rgReaderStates[i].szReader, SMARTCARD_PNP_NOTIFICATION_A))
			{
				map[i] = -1; /* unmapped */
				continue;
			}
		}

		map[i] = j;
		states[j].szReader = rgReaderStates[i].szReader;
		states[j].dwCurrentState = rgReaderStates[i].dwCurrentState;
		states[j].pvUserData = rgReaderStates[i].pvUserData;
		states[j].dwEventState = rgReaderStates[i].dwEventState;
		states[j].cbAtr = rgReaderStates[i].cbAtr;
		CopyMemory(&(states[j].rgbAtr), &(rgReaderStates[i].rgbAtr), PCSC_MAX_ATR_SIZE);
		j++;
	}

	cMappedReaders = j;

	if (cMappedReaders > 0)
	{
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetStatusChange(hContext,
		         pcsc_dwTimeout, states, cMappedReaders);
		status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	}
	else
	{
		status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < pcsc_cReaders; i++)
	{
		if (map[i] < 0)
			continue; /* unmapped */

		j = map[i];
		rgReaderStates[i].dwCurrentState = states[j].dwCurrentState;
		rgReaderStates[i].cbAtr = states[j].cbAtr;
		CopyMemory(&(rgReaderStates[i].rgbAtr), &(states[j].rgbAtr), PCSC_MAX_ATR_SIZE);
		rgReaderStates[i].dwEventState = states[j].dwEventState;
	}

	free(map);
	free(states);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetStatusChangeA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        DWORD dwTimeout, LPSCARD_READERSTATEA rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	status = PCSC_SCardGetStatusChange_Internal(hContext, dwTimeout, rgReaderStates, cReaders);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetStatusChangeW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        DWORD dwTimeout, LPSCARD_READERSTATEW rgReaderStates, DWORD cReaders)
{
	DWORD index;
	LPSCARD_READERSTATEA states;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetStatusChange)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	states = (LPSCARD_READERSTATEA) calloc(cReaders, sizeof(SCARD_READERSTATEA));

	if (!states)
	{
		PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext);
		return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;
	}

	for (index = 0; index < cReaders; index++)
	{
		states[index].szReader = NULL;
		ConvertFromUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, rgReaderStates[index].szReader, -1,
		                   (char**) & (states[index].szReader), 0, NULL, NULL);
		states[index].pvUserData = rgReaderStates[index].pvUserData;
		states[index].dwCurrentState = rgReaderStates[index].dwCurrentState;
		states[index].dwEventState = rgReaderStates[index].dwEventState;
		states[index].cbAtr = rgReaderStates[index].cbAtr;
		CopyMemory(&(states[index].rgbAtr), &(rgReaderStates[index].rgbAtr), 36);
	}

	status = PCSC_SCardGetStatusChange_Internal(hContext, dwTimeout, states, cReaders);

	for (index = 0; index < cReaders; index++)
	{
		free((void*) states[index].szReader);
		rgReaderStates[index].pvUserData = states[index].pvUserData;
		rgReaderStates[index].dwCurrentState = states[index].dwCurrentState;
		rgReaderStates[index].dwEventState = states[index].dwEventState;
		rgReaderStates[index].cbAtr = states[index].cbAtr;
		CopyMemory(&(rgReaderStates[index].rgbAtr), &(states[index].rgbAtr), 36);
	}

	free(states);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardCancel(SCARDCONTEXT hContext)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardCancel)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardCancel(hContext);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardConnect_Internal(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReader, DWORD dwShareMode, DWORD dwPreferredProtocols,
        LPSCARDHANDLE phCard, LPDWORD pdwActiveProtocol)
{
	BOOL shared;
	char* szReaderPCSC;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwShareMode = (PCSC_DWORD) dwShareMode;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwActiveProtocol = 0;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardConnect)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	shared = (dwShareMode == SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT) ? TRUE : FALSE;
	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(hContext, 0, shared);
	szReaderPCSC = (char*) szReader;

	/**
	 * As stated here : https://pcsclite.alioth.debian.org/api/group__API.html#ga4e515829752e0a8dbc4d630696a8d6a5
	 * SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED is valid for dwPreferredProtocols (only) if dwShareMode == SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT
	 * and allows to send control commands to the reader (with SCardControl()) even if a card is not present in the reader
	 */
	if (pcsc_dwShareMode == SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT && dwPreferredProtocols == SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED)
		pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols = SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED;
	else
		pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols = (PCSC_DWORD) PCSC_ConvertProtocolsFromWinSCard(dwPreferredProtocols);

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardConnect(hContext, szReaderPCSC,
	                                       pcsc_dwShareMode, pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols, phCard, &pcsc_dwActiveProtocol);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		pCard = PCSC_ConnectCardHandle(hContext, *phCard);
		*pdwActiveProtocol = PCSC_ConvertProtocolsToWinSCard((DWORD) pcsc_dwActiveProtocol);
		pCard->shared = shared;
		PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(hContext, pCard->hSharedContext, shared);
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardConnectA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReader, DWORD dwShareMode, DWORD dwPreferredProtocols,
        LPSCARDHANDLE phCard, LPDWORD pdwActiveProtocol)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	status = PCSC_SCardConnect_Internal(hContext, szReader, dwShareMode,
	                                    dwPreferredProtocols, phCard, pdwActiveProtocol);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardConnectW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szReader, DWORD dwShareMode, DWORD dwPreferredProtocols,
        LPSCARDHANDLE phCard, LPDWORD pdwActiveProtocol)
{
	LPSTR szReaderA = NULL;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;

	if (!PCSC_LockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	if (szReader)
		ConvertFromUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, szReader, -1, &szReaderA, 0, NULL, NULL);

	status = PCSC_SCardConnect_Internal(hContext, szReaderA, dwShareMode,
	                                    dwPreferredProtocols, phCard, pdwActiveProtocol);
	free(szReaderA);

	if (!PCSC_UnlockCardContext(hContext))
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardReconnect(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
        DWORD dwShareMode, DWORD dwPreferredProtocols, DWORD dwInitialization, LPDWORD pdwActiveProtocol)
{
	BOOL shared;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwShareMode = (PCSC_DWORD) dwShareMode;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwInitialization = (PCSC_DWORD) dwInitialization;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwActiveProtocol = 0;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardReconnect)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	shared = (dwShareMode == SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT) ? TRUE : FALSE;
	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, shared);
	pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols = (PCSC_DWORD) PCSC_ConvertProtocolsFromWinSCard(dwPreferredProtocols);
	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardReconnect(hCard, pcsc_dwShareMode,
	         pcsc_dwPreferredProtocols, pcsc_dwInitialization, &pcsc_dwActiveProtocol);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	*pdwActiveProtocol = PCSC_ConvertProtocolsToWinSCard((DWORD) pcsc_dwActiveProtocol);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardDisconnect(SCARDHANDLE hCard, DWORD dwDisposition)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwDisposition = (PCSC_DWORD) dwDisposition;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardDisconnect)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardDisconnect(hCard, pcsc_dwDisposition);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		PCSC_DisconnectCardHandle(hCard);
	}

	PCSC_ReleaseCardAccess(0, hCard);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardBeginTransaction(SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext = NULL;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardBeginTransaction)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(pCard->hSharedContext);

	if (!pContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	if (pContext->isTransactionLocked)
		return SCARD_S_SUCCESS; /* disable nested transactions */

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardBeginTransaction(hCard);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	pContext->isTransactionLocked = TRUE;
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardEndTransaction(SCARDHANDLE hCard, DWORD dwDisposition)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_SCARDCONTEXT* pContext = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwDisposition = (PCSC_DWORD) dwDisposition;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardEndTransaction)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	pContext = PCSC_GetCardContextData(pCard->hSharedContext);

	if (!pContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	PCSC_ReleaseCardAccess(0, hCard);

	if (!pContext->isTransactionLocked)
		return SCARD_S_SUCCESS; /* disable nested transactions */

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardEndTransaction(hCard, pcsc_dwDisposition);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	pContext->isTransactionLocked = FALSE;
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardCancelTransaction(SCARDHANDLE hCard)
{
	return SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardState(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
                                        LPDWORD pdwState, LPDWORD pdwProtocol, LPBYTE pbAtr, LPDWORD pcbAtrLen)
{
	PCSC_DWORD cchReaderLen;
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext = 0;
	LPSTR mszReaderNames = NULL;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwState = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwProtocol = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbAtrLen = (PCSC_DWORD) * pcbAtrLen;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);
	hContext = PCSC_GetCardContextFromHandle(hCard);

	if (!hContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	cchReaderLen = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus(hCard, (LPSTR) &mszReaderNames, &cchReaderLen,
	                                      &pcsc_dwState, &pcsc_dwProtocol, pbAtr, &pcsc_cbAtrLen);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);

	if (mszReaderNames)
		PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(hContext, mszReaderNames);

	*pdwState = (DWORD) pcsc_dwState;
	*pdwProtocol = PCSC_ConvertProtocolsToWinSCard((DWORD) pcsc_dwProtocol);
	*pcbAtrLen = (DWORD) pcsc_cbAtrLen;
	return status;
}

/*
 * PCSC returns a string but Windows SCardStatus requires the return to be a multi string.
 * Therefore extra length checks and additional buffer allocation is required
 */
WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardStatus_Internal(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
        LPSTR mszReaderNames, LPDWORD pcchReaderLen, LPDWORD pdwState,
        LPDWORD pdwProtocol, LPBYTE pbAtr, LPDWORD pcbAtrLen, BOOL unicode)
{
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext;
	LONG status;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cchReaderLen = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbAtrLen = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwState = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwProtocol = 0;
	BOOL allocateReader = FALSE;
	BOOL allocateAtr = FALSE;
	LPSTR readerNames = mszReaderNames;
	LPBYTE atr = pbAtr;
	LPSTR tReader = NULL;
	LPBYTE tATR = NULL;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);
	hContext = PCSC_GetCardContextFromHandle(hCard);

	if (!hContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus(hCard, NULL, &pcsc_cchReaderLen, NULL, NULL, NULL,
	                                      &pcsc_cbAtrLen);

	if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS)
		return PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);

	pcsc_cchReaderLen++;

	if (unicode)
		pcsc_cchReaderLen *= 2;

	if (pcchReaderLen)
	{
		if (*pcchReaderLen == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
			allocateReader = TRUE;
		else if (mszReaderNames && (*pcchReaderLen < pcsc_cchReaderLen))
			return SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER;
		else
			pcsc_cchReaderLen = *pcchReaderLen;
	}

	if (pcbAtrLen)
	{
		if (*pcbAtrLen == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
			allocateAtr = TRUE;
		else if (pbAtr && (*pcbAtrLen < pcsc_cbAtrLen))
			return SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER;
		else
			pcsc_cbAtrLen = *pcbAtrLen;
	}

	if (allocateReader && pcsc_cchReaderLen > 0 && mszReaderNames)
	{
#ifdef __MACOSX__

		/**
		     * Workaround for SCardStatus Bug in MAC OS X Yosemite
		     */
		if (OSXVersion == 0x10100000)
			pcsc_cchReaderLen++;

#endif
		tReader = calloc(1, pcsc_cchReaderLen);

		if (!tReader)
		{
			status = ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY;
			goto out_fail;
		}

		readerNames = tReader;
	}

	if (allocateAtr && pcsc_cbAtrLen > 0 && pbAtr)
	{
		tATR = calloc(1, pcsc_cbAtrLen);

		if (!tATR)
		{
			status = ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY;
			goto out_fail;
		}

		atr = tATR;
	}

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus(hCard, readerNames, &pcsc_cchReaderLen, &pcsc_dwState,
	                                      &pcsc_dwProtocol, atr,
	                                      &pcsc_cbAtrLen);

	if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS)
		goto out_fail;

	if (tATR)
	{
		PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, tATR);
		*(LPBYTE*)pbAtr = tATR;
	}

	if (tReader)
	{
		if (unicode)
		{
			LPSTR mszReaderNamesW = NULL;
			int pcsc_cchReaderLenW = 0;
			pcsc_cchReaderLenW = ConvertToUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, tReader, *pcchReaderLen,
			                                      (WCHAR**) &mszReaderNamesW, 0);

			if (pcsc_cchReaderLenW <= 0 || mszReaderNamesW == NULL)
			{
				status = ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY;
				goto out_fail;
			}

			readerNames = mszReaderNamesW;
			free(tReader);
			PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, mszReaderNamesW);
			*(LPSTR*) mszReaderNames = mszReaderNamesW;
		}
		else
		{
			PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, tReader);
			*(LPSTR*) mszReaderNames = tReader;
		}
	}

	pcsc_dwState &= 0xFFFF;

	if (pdwState)
		*pdwState = PCSC_ConvertCardStateToWinSCard((DWORD) pcsc_dwState, status);

	if (pdwProtocol)
		*pdwProtocol = PCSC_ConvertProtocolsToWinSCard((DWORD) pcsc_dwProtocol);

	if (pcbAtrLen)
		*pcbAtrLen = (DWORD) pcsc_cbAtrLen;

	if (pcchReaderLen)
	{
		if (unicode)
			*pcchReaderLen = (pcsc_cchReaderLen + 1) * 2;
		else
			*pcchReaderLen = pcsc_cchReaderLen + 1;
	}

	/* Make sure the last byte is set */
	if (readerNames)
		readerNames[pcsc_cchReaderLen] = '\0';

	return status;
out_fail:
	free(tReader);
	free(tATR);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardStatusA(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
        LPSTR mszReaderNames, LPDWORD pcchReaderLen, LPDWORD pdwState,
        LPDWORD pdwProtocol, LPBYTE pbAtr, LPDWORD pcbAtrLen)
{
	return PCSC_SCardStatus_Internal(hCard, mszReaderNames, pcchReaderLen, pdwState, pdwProtocol,
	                                 pbAtr, pcbAtrLen, FALSE);
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardStatusW(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
        LPWSTR mszReaderNames, LPDWORD pcchReaderLen, LPDWORD pdwState,
        LPDWORD pdwProtocol, LPBYTE pbAtr, LPDWORD pcbAtrLen)
{
	return PCSC_SCardStatus_Internal(hCard, (LPSTR) mszReaderNames, pcchReaderLen, pdwState,
	                                 pdwProtocol, pbAtr, pcbAtrLen, TRUE);
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardTransmit(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
        LPCSCARD_IO_REQUEST pioSendPci, LPCBYTE pbSendBuffer, DWORD cbSendLength,
        LPSCARD_IO_REQUEST pioRecvPci, LPBYTE pbRecvBuffer, LPDWORD pcbRecvLength)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD cbExtraBytes = 0;
	BYTE* pbExtraBytes = NULL;
	BYTE* pcsc_pbExtraBytes = NULL;
	PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST* pcsc_pioSendPci = NULL;
	PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST* pcsc_pioRecvPci = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbSendLength = (PCSC_DWORD) cbSendLength;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbRecvLength = 0;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardTransmit)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);

	if (!pcbRecvLength)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

	if (*pcbRecvLength == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

	pcsc_cbRecvLength = (PCSC_DWORD) * pcbRecvLength;

	if (!pioSendPci)
	{
		PCSC_DWORD dwState = 0;
		PCSC_DWORD cbAtrLen = 0;
		PCSC_DWORD dwProtocol = 0;
		PCSC_DWORD cchReaderLen = 0;
		/**
		 * pcsc-lite cannot have a null pioSendPci parameter, unlike WinSCard.
		 * Query the current protocol and use default SCARD_IO_REQUEST for it.
		 */
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus(hCard, NULL, &cchReaderLen, &dwState, &dwProtocol, NULL,
		                                      &cbAtrLen);

		if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		{
			if (dwProtocol == SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0)
				pcsc_pioSendPci = (PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST*) PCSC_SCARD_PCI_T0;
			else if (dwProtocol == SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1)
				pcsc_pioSendPci = (PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST*) PCSC_SCARD_PCI_T1;
			else if (dwProtocol == PCSC_SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW)
				pcsc_pioSendPci = (PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST*) PCSC_SCARD_PCI_RAW;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		cbExtraBytes = pioSendPci->cbPciLength - sizeof(SCARD_IO_REQUEST);
		pcsc_pioSendPci = (PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST*) malloc(sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) + cbExtraBytes);

		if (!pcsc_pioSendPci)
			return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;

		pcsc_pioSendPci->dwProtocol = (PCSC_DWORD) pioSendPci->dwProtocol;
		pcsc_pioSendPci->cbPciLength = sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) + cbExtraBytes;
		pbExtraBytes = &((BYTE*) pioSendPci)[sizeof(SCARD_IO_REQUEST)];
		pcsc_pbExtraBytes = &((BYTE*) pcsc_pioSendPci)[sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST)];
		CopyMemory(pcsc_pbExtraBytes, pbExtraBytes, cbExtraBytes);
	}

	if (pioRecvPci)
	{
		cbExtraBytes = pioRecvPci->cbPciLength - sizeof(SCARD_IO_REQUEST);
		pcsc_pioRecvPci = (PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST*) malloc(sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) + cbExtraBytes);

		if (!pcsc_pioRecvPci)
		{
			if (pioSendPci)
				free(pcsc_pioSendPci);

			return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;
		}

		pcsc_pioRecvPci->dwProtocol = (PCSC_DWORD) pioRecvPci->dwProtocol;
		pcsc_pioRecvPci->cbPciLength = sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST) + cbExtraBytes;
		pbExtraBytes = &((BYTE*) pioRecvPci)[sizeof(SCARD_IO_REQUEST)];
		pcsc_pbExtraBytes = &((BYTE*) pcsc_pioRecvPci)[sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST)];
		CopyMemory(pcsc_pbExtraBytes, pbExtraBytes, cbExtraBytes);
	}

	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardTransmit(hCard, pcsc_pioSendPci, pbSendBuffer,
	                                        pcsc_cbSendLength, pcsc_pioRecvPci, pbRecvBuffer, &pcsc_cbRecvLength);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	*pcbRecvLength = (DWORD) pcsc_cbRecvLength;

	if (pioSendPci)
		free(pcsc_pioSendPci); /* pcsc_pioSendPci is dynamically allocated only when pioSendPci is non null */

	if (pioRecvPci)
	{
		cbExtraBytes = pioRecvPci->cbPciLength - sizeof(SCARD_IO_REQUEST);
		pbExtraBytes = &((BYTE*) pioRecvPci)[sizeof(SCARD_IO_REQUEST)];
		pcsc_pbExtraBytes = &((BYTE*) pcsc_pioRecvPci)[sizeof(PCSC_SCARD_IO_REQUEST)];
		CopyMemory(pbExtraBytes, pcsc_pbExtraBytes, cbExtraBytes); /* copy extra bytes */
		free(pcsc_pioRecvPci); /* pcsc_pioRecvPci is dynamically allocated only when pioRecvPci is non null */
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetTransmitCount(SCARDHANDLE hCard, LPDWORD pcTransmitCount)
{
	WINPR_UNUSED(pcTransmitCount);
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);
	return SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardControl(SCARDHANDLE hCard,
        DWORD dwControlCode, LPCVOID lpInBuffer, DWORD cbInBufferSize,
        LPVOID lpOutBuffer, DWORD cbOutBufferSize, LPDWORD lpBytesReturned)
{
	DWORD IoCtlMethod = 0;
	DWORD IoCtlFunction = 0;
	DWORD IoCtlAccess = 0;
	DWORD IoCtlDeviceType = 0;
	BOOL getFeatureRequest = FALSE;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwControlCode = 0;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbInBufferSize = (PCSC_DWORD) cbInBufferSize;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbOutBufferSize = (PCSC_DWORD) cbOutBufferSize;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_BytesReturned = 0;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardControl)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);
	/**
	 * PCSCv2 Part 10:
	 * http://www.pcscworkgroup.com/specifications/files/pcsc10_v2.02.09.pdf
	 *
	 * Smart Card Driver IOCTLs:
	 * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff548988/
	 *
	 * Converting Windows Feature Request IOCTL code to the pcsc-lite control code:
	 * http://musclecard.996296.n3.nabble.com/Converting-Windows-Feature-Request-IOCTL-code-to-the-pcsc-lite-control-code-td4906.html
	 */
	IoCtlMethod = METHOD_FROM_CTL_CODE(dwControlCode);
	IoCtlFunction = FUNCTION_FROM_CTL_CODE(dwControlCode);
	IoCtlAccess = ACCESS_FROM_CTL_CODE(dwControlCode);
	IoCtlDeviceType = DEVICE_TYPE_FROM_CTL_CODE(dwControlCode);

	if (dwControlCode == IOCTL_SMARTCARD_GET_FEATURE_REQUEST)
		getFeatureRequest = TRUE;

	if (IoCtlDeviceType == FILE_DEVICE_SMARTCARD)
		dwControlCode = PCSC_SCARD_CTL_CODE(IoCtlFunction);

	pcsc_dwControlCode = (PCSC_DWORD) dwControlCode;
	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardControl(hCard,
	                                       pcsc_dwControlCode, lpInBuffer, pcsc_cbInBufferSize,
	                                       lpOutBuffer, pcsc_cbOutBufferSize, &pcsc_BytesReturned);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	*lpBytesReturned = (DWORD) pcsc_BytesReturned;

	if (getFeatureRequest)
	{
		UINT32 index;
		UINT32 count;
		PCSC_TLV_STRUCTURE* tlv = (PCSC_TLV_STRUCTURE*) lpOutBuffer;

		if ((*lpBytesReturned % sizeof(PCSC_TLV_STRUCTURE)) != 0)
			return SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED;

		count = *lpBytesReturned / sizeof(PCSC_TLV_STRUCTURE);

		for (index = 0; index < count; index++)
		{
			if (tlv[index].length != 4)
				return SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED;
		}
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetAttrib_Internal(SCARDHANDLE hCard, DWORD dwAttrId,
        LPBYTE pbAttr, LPDWORD pcbAttrLen)
{
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext = 0;
	BOOL pcbAttrLenAlloc = FALSE;
	LPBYTE* pPbAttr = (LPBYTE*) pbAttr;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwAttrId = (PCSC_DWORD) dwAttrId;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbAttrLen = 0;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetAttrib)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);
	hContext = PCSC_GetCardContextFromHandle(hCard);

	if (!hContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	if (!pbAttr || !pcbAttrLen)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER;

	if (*pcbAttrLen == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
		pcbAttrLenAlloc = TRUE;

	pcsc_cbAttrLen = pcbAttrLenAlloc ? PCSC_SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE : (PCSC_DWORD) * pcbAttrLen;

	if (pcbAttrLenAlloc && !g_SCardAutoAllocate)
	{
		pcsc_cbAttrLen = 0;
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetAttrib(hCard, pcsc_dwAttrId, NULL, &pcsc_cbAttrLen);

		if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		{
			*pPbAttr = (BYTE*) calloc(1, pcsc_cbAttrLen);

			if (!*pPbAttr)
				return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;

			status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetAttrib(hCard, pcsc_dwAttrId, *pPbAttr, &pcsc_cbAttrLen);

			if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
				free(*pPbAttr);
			else
				PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, *pPbAttr);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetAttrib(hCard, pcsc_dwAttrId, pbAttr, &pcsc_cbAttrLen);
	}

	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
		*pcbAttrLen = (DWORD) pcsc_cbAttrLen;

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetAttrib_FriendlyName(SCARDHANDLE hCard, DWORD dwAttrId,
        LPBYTE pbAttr, LPDWORD pcbAttrLen)
{
	int length = 0;
	char* namePCSC = NULL;
	DWORD cbAttrLen = 0;
	char* pbAttrA = NULL;
	WCHAR* pbAttrW = NULL;
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext;
	char* friendlyNameA = NULL;
	WCHAR* friendlyNameW = NULL;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	LPBYTE* pPbAttr = (LPBYTE*) pbAttr;
	hContext = PCSC_GetCardContextFromHandle(hCard);

	if (!hContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	cbAttrLen = *pcbAttrLen;
	*pcbAttrLen = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
	status = PCSC_SCardGetAttrib_Internal(hCard, SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_FRIENDLY_NAME_A, (LPBYTE) &pbAttrA,
	                                      pcbAttrLen);

	if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		pbAttrA = NULL;
		*pcbAttrLen = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
		status = PCSC_SCardGetAttrib_Internal(hCard, SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_FRIENDLY_NAME_W, (LPBYTE) &pbAttrW,
		                                      pcbAttrLen);

		if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
			return status;

		ConvertFromUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, (WCHAR*) pbAttrW, *pcbAttrLen, (char**) &pbAttrA, 0, NULL,
		                   NULL);
		namePCSC = pbAttrA;
		PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(hContext, pbAttrW);
	}
	else
	{
		namePCSC = _strdup(pbAttrA);

		if (!namePCSC)
			return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;

		PCSC_SCardFreeMemory_Internal(hContext, pbAttrA);
	}

	length = strlen(namePCSC);
	friendlyNameA = namePCSC;
	namePCSC = NULL;

	if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_FRIENDLY_NAME_W)
	{
		/* length here includes null terminator */
		length = ConvertToUnicode(CP_UTF8, 0, (char*) friendlyNameA, -1, &friendlyNameW, 0);
		free(friendlyNameA);

		if (!friendlyNameW)
		{
			free(namePCSC);
			return SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY;
		}

		if (cbAttrLen == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
		{
			*pPbAttr = (BYTE*) friendlyNameW;
			*pcbAttrLen = length * 2;
			PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, *pPbAttr);
		}
		else
		{
			if ((length * 2) > cbAttrLen)
			{
				free(friendlyNameW);
				free(namePCSC);
				return SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER;
			}
			else
			{
				CopyMemory(pbAttr, (BYTE*) friendlyNameW, (length * 2));
				*pcbAttrLen = length * 2;
				free(friendlyNameW);
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (cbAttrLen == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
		{
			*pPbAttr = (BYTE*) friendlyNameA;
			*pcbAttrLen = length;
			PCSC_AddMemoryBlock(hContext, *pPbAttr);
		}
		else
		{
			if ((length + 1) > cbAttrLen)
			{
				free(friendlyNameA);
				free(namePCSC);
				return SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER;
			}
			else
			{
				CopyMemory(pbAttr, (BYTE*) friendlyNameA, length + 1);
				*pcbAttrLen = length;
				free(friendlyNameA);
			}
		}
	}

	free(namePCSC);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetAttrib(SCARDHANDLE hCard, DWORD dwAttrId, LPBYTE pbAttr,
        LPDWORD pcbAttrLen)
{
	DWORD cbAttrLen;
	SCARDCONTEXT hContext;
	BOOL pcbAttrLenAlloc = FALSE;
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	LPBYTE* pPbAttr = (LPBYTE*) pbAttr;
	cbAttrLen = *pcbAttrLen;

	if (*pcbAttrLen == SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE)
	{
		pcbAttrLenAlloc = TRUE;
		*pPbAttr = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
		/**
		 * pcsc-lite returns SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER if the given
		 * buffer size is larger than PCSC_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE (264)
		 */
		if (*pcbAttrLen > PCSC_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE)
			*pcbAttrLen = PCSC_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE;
	}

	hContext = PCSC_GetCardContextFromHandle(hCard);

	if (!hContext)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE;

	if ((dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_FRIENDLY_NAME_A) ||
	    (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_FRIENDLY_NAME_W))
	{
		status = PCSC_SCardGetAttrib_FriendlyName(hCard, dwAttrId, pbAttr, pcbAttrLen);
		return status;
	}

	status = PCSC_SCardGetAttrib_Internal(hCard, dwAttrId, pbAttr, pcbAttrLen);

	if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
	{
		if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_VENDOR_NAME)
		{
			const char* vendorName;

			/**
			 * pcsc-lite adds a null terminator to the vendor name,
			 * while WinSCard doesn't. Strip the null terminator.
			 */

			if (pcbAttrLenAlloc)
				vendorName = (char*) *pPbAttr;
			else
				vendorName = (char*) pbAttr;

			if (vendorName)
				*pcbAttrLen = strlen(vendorName);
			else
				*pcbAttrLen = 0;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_PROTOCOL_TYPE)
		{
			if (!pcbAttrLenAlloc)
			{
				PCSC_DWORD dwState = 0;
				PCSC_DWORD cbAtrLen = 0;
				PCSC_DWORD dwProtocol = 0;
				PCSC_DWORD cchReaderLen = 0;
				status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus(hCard, NULL, &cchReaderLen, &dwState, &dwProtocol, NULL,
				                                      &cbAtrLen);

				if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
				{
					LPDWORD pdwProtocol = (LPDWORD) pbAttr;

					if (cbAttrLen < sizeof(DWORD))
						return SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER;

					*pdwProtocol = PCSC_ConvertProtocolsToWinSCard(dwProtocol);
					*pcbAttrLen = sizeof(DWORD);
				}
			}
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CHANNEL_ID)
		{
			if (!pcbAttrLenAlloc)
			{
				UINT16 channelType = 0x20; /* USB */
				UINT16 channelNumber = 0;

				if (cbAttrLen < sizeof(DWORD))
					return SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER;

				status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
				*((DWORD*) pbAttr) = (channelType << 16) | channelNumber;
				*pcbAttrLen = sizeof(DWORD);
			}
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_VENDOR_IFD_TYPE)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEFAULT_CLK)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEFAULT_DATA_RATE)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_MAX_CLK)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_MAX_DATA_RATE)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_MAX_IFSD)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CHARACTERISTICS)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_SYSTEM_NAME_A)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_DEVICE_UNIT)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_POWER_MGMT_SUPPORT)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_CLK)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_F)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_D)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_N)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_CWT)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_BWT)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_IFSC)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_EBC_ENCODING)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_CURRENT_IFSD)
		{
		}
		else if (dwAttrId == SCARD_ATTR_ICC_TYPE_PER_ATR)
		{
		}
	}

	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardSetAttrib(SCARDHANDLE hCard, DWORD dwAttrId, LPCBYTE pbAttr,
        DWORD cbAttrLen)
{
	LONG status = SCARD_S_SUCCESS;
	PCSC_SCARDHANDLE* pCard = NULL;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_dwAttrId = (PCSC_DWORD) dwAttrId;
	PCSC_DWORD pcsc_cbAttrLen = (PCSC_DWORD) cbAttrLen;

	if (!g_PCSC.pfnSCardSetAttrib)
		return SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE;

	pCard = PCSC_GetCardHandleData(hCard);

	if (!pCard)
		return SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE;

	PCSC_WaitForCardAccess(0, hCard, pCard->shared);
	status = (LONG) g_PCSC.pfnSCardSetAttrib(hCard, pcsc_dwAttrId, pbAttr, pcsc_cbAttrLen);
	status = PCSC_MapErrorCodeToWinSCard(status);
	return status;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardUIDlgSelectCardA(LPOPENCARDNAMEA_EX pDlgStruc)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardUIDlgSelectCardW(LPOPENCARDNAMEW_EX pDlgStruc)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_GetOpenCardNameA(LPOPENCARDNAMEA pDlgStruc)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_GetOpenCardNameW(LPOPENCARDNAMEW pDlgStruc)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardDlgExtendedError(void)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardReadCacheA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        UUID* CardIdentifier, DWORD FreshnessCounter, LPSTR LookupName, PBYTE Data, DWORD* DataLen)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardReadCacheW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        UUID* CardIdentifier,  DWORD FreshnessCounter, LPWSTR LookupName, PBYTE Data, DWORD* DataLen)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardWriteCacheA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        UUID* CardIdentifier, DWORD FreshnessCounter, LPSTR LookupName, PBYTE Data, DWORD DataLen)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardWriteCacheW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        UUID* CardIdentifier, DWORD FreshnessCounter, LPWSTR LookupName, PBYTE Data, DWORD DataLen)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetReaderIconA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReaderName, LPBYTE pbIcon, LPDWORD pcbIcon)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetReaderIconW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szReaderName, LPBYTE pbIcon, LPDWORD pcbIcon)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetDeviceTypeIdA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCSTR szReaderName,
        LPDWORD pdwDeviceTypeId)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, LPCWSTR szReaderName,
        LPDWORD pdwDeviceTypeId)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetReaderDeviceInstanceIdA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szReaderName, LPSTR szDeviceInstanceId, LPDWORD pcchDeviceInstanceId)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardGetReaderDeviceInstanceIdW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szReaderName, LPWSTR szDeviceInstanceId, LPDWORD pcchDeviceInstanceId)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReadersWithDeviceInstanceIdA(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCSTR szDeviceInstanceId, LPSTR mszReaders, LPDWORD pcchReaders)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardListReadersWithDeviceInstanceIdW(SCARDCONTEXT hContext,
        LPCWSTR szDeviceInstanceId, LPWSTR mszReaders, LPDWORD pcchReaders)
{
	return 0;
}

WINSCARDAPI LONG WINAPI PCSC_SCardAudit(SCARDCONTEXT hContext, DWORD dwEvent)
{
	return 0;
}

#ifdef __MACOSX__
unsigned int determineMacOSXVersion(void)
{
	int mib[2];
	size_t len = 0;
	char* kernelVersion = NULL;
	char* tok = NULL;
	unsigned int version = 0;
	long majorVersion = 0;
	long minorVersion = 0;
	long patchVersion = 0;
	int count = 0;
	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
	mib[1] = KERN_OSRELEASE;

	if (sysctl(mib, 2, NULL, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
		return 0;

	kernelVersion = calloc(len, sizeof(char));

	if (!kernelVersion)
		return 0;

	if (sysctl(mib, 2, kernelVersion, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
	{
		free(kernelVersion);
		return 0;
	}

	tok = strtok(kernelVersion, ".");
	errno = 0;

	while (tok)
	{
		switch (count)
		{
			case 0:
				majorVersion = strtol(tok, NULL, 0);

				if (errno != 0)
					goto fail;

				break;

			case 1:
				minorVersion = strtol(tok, NULL, 0);

				if (errno != 0)
					goto fail;

				break;

			case 2:
				patchVersion = strtol(tok, NULL, 0);

				if (errno != 0)
					goto fail;

				break;
		}

		tok = strtok(NULL, ".");
		count++;
	}

	/**
	 * Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)
	 **/
	if (majorVersion < 5)
	{
		if (minorVersion < 4)
			version = 0x10000000;
		else
			version = 0x10010000;
	}
	else
	{
		switch (majorVersion)
		{
			case 5:
				version = 0x10010000;
				break;

			case 6:
				version = 0x10020000;
				break;

			case 7:
				version = 0x10030000;
				break;

			case 8:
				version = 0x10040000;
				break;

			case 9:
				version = 0x10050000;
				break;

			case 10:
				version = 0x10060000;
				break;

			case 11:
				version = 0x10070000;
				break;

			case 12:
				version = 0x10080000;
				break;

			case 13:
				version = 0x10090000;
				break;

			default:
				version = 0x10100000;
				break;
		}

		version |= (minorVersion << 8) | (patchVersion);
	}

fail:
	free(kernelVersion);
	return version;
}
#endif

SCardApiFunctionTable PCSC_SCardApiFunctionTable =
{
	0, /* dwVersion */
	0, /* dwFlags */

	PCSC_SCardEstablishContext, /* SCardEstablishContext */
	PCSC_SCardReleaseContext, /* SCardReleaseContext */
	PCSC_SCardIsValidContext, /* SCardIsValidContext */
	PCSC_SCardListReaderGroupsA, /* SCardListReaderGroupsA */
	PCSC_SCardListReaderGroupsW, /* SCardListReaderGroupsW */
	PCSC_SCardListReadersA, /* SCardListReadersA */
	PCSC_SCardListReadersW, /* SCardListReadersW */
	PCSC_SCardListCardsA, /* SCardListCardsA */
	PCSC_SCardListCardsW, /* SCardListCardsW */
	PCSC_SCardListInterfacesA, /* SCardListInterfacesA */
	PCSC_SCardListInterfacesW, /* SCardListInterfacesW */
	PCSC_SCardGetProviderIdA, /* SCardGetProviderIdA */
	PCSC_SCardGetProviderIdW, /* SCardGetProviderIdW */
	PCSC_SCardGetCardTypeProviderNameA, /* SCardGetCardTypeProviderNameA */
	PCSC_SCardGetCardTypeProviderNameW, /* SCardGetCardTypeProviderNameW */
	PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderGroupA, /* SCardIntroduceReaderGroupA */
	PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderGroupW, /* SCardIntroduceReaderGroupW */
	PCSC_SCardForgetReaderGroupA, /* SCardForgetReaderGroupA */
	PCSC_SCardForgetReaderGroupW, /* SCardForgetReaderGroupW */
	PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderA, /* SCardIntroduceReaderA */
	PCSC_SCardIntroduceReaderW, /* SCardIntroduceReaderW */
	PCSC_SCardForgetReaderA, /* SCardForgetReaderA */
	PCSC_SCardForgetReaderW, /* SCardForgetReaderW */
	PCSC_SCardAddReaderToGroupA, /* SCardAddReaderToGroupA */
	PCSC_SCardAddReaderToGroupW, /* SCardAddReaderToGroupW */
	PCSC_SCardRemoveReaderFromGroupA, /* SCardRemoveReaderFromGroupA */
	PCSC_SCardRemoveReaderFromGroupW, /* SCardRemoveReaderFromGroupW */
	PCSC_SCardIntroduceCardTypeA, /* SCardIntroduceCardTypeA */
	PCSC_SCardIntroduceCardTypeW, /* SCardIntroduceCardTypeW */
	PCSC_SCardSetCardTypeProviderNameA, /* SCardSetCardTypeProviderNameA */
	PCSC_SCardSetCardTypeProviderNameW, /* SCardSetCardTypeProviderNameW */
	PCSC_SCardForgetCardTypeA, /* SCardForgetCardTypeA */
	PCSC_SCardForgetCardTypeW, /* SCardForgetCardTypeW */
	PCSC_SCardFreeMemory, /* SCardFreeMemory */
	PCSC_SCardAccessStartedEvent, /* SCardAccessStartedEvent */
	PCSC_SCardReleaseStartedEvent, /* SCardReleaseStartedEvent */
	PCSC_SCardLocateCardsA, /* SCardLocateCardsA */
	PCSC_SCardLocateCardsW, /* SCardLocateCardsW */
	PCSC_SCardLocateCardsByATRA, /* SCardLocateCardsByATRA */
	PCSC_SCardLocateCardsByATRW, /* SCardLocateCardsByATRW */
	PCSC_SCardGetStatusChangeA, /* SCardGetStatusChangeA */
	PCSC_SCardGetStatusChangeW, /* SCardGetStatusChangeW */
	PCSC_SCardCancel, /* SCardCancel */
	PCSC_SCardConnectA, /* SCardConnectA */
	PCSC_SCardConnectW, /* SCardConnectW */
	PCSC_SCardReconnect, /* SCardReconnect */
	PCSC_SCardDisconnect, /* SCardDisconnect */
	PCSC_SCardBeginTransaction, /* SCardBeginTransaction */
	PCSC_SCardEndTransaction, /* SCardEndTransaction */
	PCSC_SCardCancelTransaction, /* SCardCancelTransaction */
	PCSC_SCardState, /* SCardState */
	PCSC_SCardStatusA, /* SCardStatusA */
	PCSC_SCardStatusW, /* SCardStatusW */
	PCSC_SCardTransmit, /* SCardTransmit */
	PCSC_SCardGetTransmitCount, /* SCardGetTransmitCount */
	PCSC_SCardControl, /* SCardControl */
	PCSC_SCardGetAttrib, /* SCardGetAttrib */
	PCSC_SCardSetAttrib, /* SCardSetAttrib */
	PCSC_SCardUIDlgSelectCardA, /* SCardUIDlgSelectCardA */
	PCSC_SCardUIDlgSelectCardW, /* SCardUIDlgSelectCardW */
	PCSC_GetOpenCardNameA, /* GetOpenCardNameA */
	PCSC_GetOpenCardNameW, /* GetOpenCardNameW */
	PCSC_SCardDlgExtendedError, /* SCardDlgExtendedError */
	PCSC_SCardReadCacheA, /* SCardReadCacheA */
	PCSC_SCardReadCacheW, /* SCardReadCacheW */
	PCSC_SCardWriteCacheA, /* SCardWriteCacheA */
	PCSC_SCardWriteCacheW, /* SCardWriteCacheW */
	PCSC_SCardGetReaderIconA, /* SCardGetReaderIconA */
	PCSC_SCardGetReaderIconW, /* SCardGetReaderIconW */
	PCSC_SCardGetDeviceTypeIdA, /* SCardGetDeviceTypeIdA */
	PCSC_SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW, /* SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW */
	PCSC_SCardGetReaderDeviceInstanceIdA, /* SCardGetReaderDeviceInstanceIdA */
	PCSC_SCardGetReaderDeviceInstanceIdW, /* SCardGetReaderDeviceInstanceIdW */
	PCSC_SCardListReadersWithDeviceInstanceIdA, /* SCardListReadersWithDeviceInstanceIdA */
	PCSC_SCardListReadersWithDeviceInstanceIdW, /* SCardListReadersWithDeviceInstanceIdW */
	PCSC_SCardAudit /* SCardAudit */
};

PSCardApiFunctionTable PCSC_GetSCardApiFunctionTable(void)
{
	return &PCSC_SCardApiFunctionTable;
}

int PCSC_InitializeSCardApi(void)
{
	/* Disable pcsc-lite's (poor) blocking so we can handle it ourselves */
	SetEnvironmentVariableA("PCSCLITE_NO_BLOCKING", "1");
#ifdef __MACOSX__
	g_PCSCModule = LoadLibraryA("/System/Library/Frameworks/PCSC.framework/PCSC");
	OSXVersion = determineMacOSXVersion();

	if (OSXVersion == 0)
		return -1;

#else
	g_PCSCModule = LoadLibraryA("libpcsclite.so.1");

	if (!g_PCSCModule)
		g_PCSCModule = LoadLibraryA("libpcsclite.so");

#endif

	if (!g_PCSCModule)
		return -1;

	g_PCSC.pfnSCardEstablishContext = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardEstablishContext");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardReleaseContext = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardReleaseContext");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardIsValidContext = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardIsValidContext");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardConnect = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardConnect");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardReconnect = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardReconnect");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardDisconnect = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardDisconnect");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardBeginTransaction = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardBeginTransaction");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardEndTransaction = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardEndTransaction");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardStatus = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardStatus");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetStatusChange = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardGetStatusChange");
#ifdef __MACOSX__

	if (OSXVersion >= 0x10050600)
		g_PCSC.pfnSCardControl = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardControl132");
	else
		g_PCSC.pfnSCardControl = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardControl");

#else
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardControl = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardControl");
#endif
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardTransmit = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardTransmit");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaderGroups = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardListReaderGroups");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardListReaders = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardListReaders");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardCancel = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardCancel");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardGetAttrib = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardGetAttrib");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardSetAttrib = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardSetAttrib");
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardFreeMemory = NULL;
#ifndef __APPLE__
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardFreeMemory = (void*) GetProcAddress(g_PCSCModule, "SCardFreeMemory");
#endif

	if (g_PCSC.pfnSCardFreeMemory)
		g_SCardAutoAllocate = TRUE;

#ifdef DISABLE_PCSC_SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE
	g_PCSC.pfnSCardFreeMemory = NULL;
	g_SCardAutoAllocate = FALSE;
#endif
#ifdef __APPLE__
	g_PnP_Notification = FALSE;
#endif
	return 1;
}


#endif