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< title > 引导程序< / title >
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< div > < span > 用户指南< / span > < / div >
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< li class = "now" > < img src = "../images/flags/zh_CN.png" alt = "" / > 中文 ［中文］< / li >
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< li > < a href = "../id/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/id.png" alt = "" / > Bahasa Indonesia< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../ca/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/ca.png" alt = "" / > Català< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../de/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/de.png" alt = "" / > Deutsch< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../en/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/gb.png" alt = "" / > English< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../es/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/es.png" alt = "" / > Español< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../fr/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/fr.png" alt = "" / > Français< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../fur/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/fur.png" alt = "" / > Furlan< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../it/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/it.png" alt = "" / > Italiano< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../hu/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/hu.png" alt = "" / > Magyar< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../pl/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/pl.png" alt = "" / > Polski< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../pt_PT/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/pt_PT.png" alt = "" / > Português< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../pt_BR/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/pt_BR.png" alt = "" / > Português (Brazil)< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../ro/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/ro.png" alt = "" / > Română< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../sk/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/sk.png" alt = "" / > Slovenčina< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../fi/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/fi.png" alt = "" / > Suomi< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../sv_SE/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/sv_SE.png" alt = "" / > Svenska< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../tr/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/tr.png" alt = "" / > Türkçe< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "../ru/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/ru.png" alt = "" / > Русский< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../uk/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/uk.png" alt = "" / > Українська< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../jp/bootloader.html" > < img src = "../images/flags/jp.png" alt = "" / > 日本語< / a > < / li >
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< div class = "box-info" > 本节的翻译还未完成。在未完成之前，所有的未完成部分都将使用英语原文。< / div >
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< h1 > 引导程序< / h1 >
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< p > Haiku 的系统引导选项可以帮助您解决遇到的硬件相关问题，或者用于选择通过 Haiku 的哪种安装方式来启动，如果您有多个引导介质（可以是 CD 光驱或 USB 盘安装）。此外，如果安装了某个软件组件导致系统无法启动，请查看下述的 < a href = "#troubleshooting" > 故障诊断< / a > 。< / p >
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< p > 为了进入引导程序选项，您需要在 Haiku 的启动进程开始前，持续按住 < span class = "key" > SHIFT< / span > 键。如果已经安装了启动管理软件，您可以在进入 Haiku 启动调用之前开始按下 < span class = "key" > SHIFT< / span > 键。如果Haiku是唯一的操作系统， < / p >
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< div class = "box-info" > On computers that use UEFI for booting instead of the classic BIOS, you need to use the < span class = "key" > SPACEBAR< / span > instead.< / div >
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< h2 >
< a href = "#" > < img src = "../images/up.png" style = "border:none;float:right" alt = "index" / > < / a >
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< a id = "options" name = "options" > 引导管理器选项< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > 进入选项之后，出现了下面四个菜单：< / p >
< table summary = "bootloader menus" border = "0" cellspacing = "0" cellpadding = "2" >
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< tr > < td > < b > Select boot volume< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 选择希望启动的 Haiku 安装或者配置 (查看如下 < a href = "#troubleshooting" > 故障诊断< / a > )。< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > < b > Select safe mode options< / b > < br / >
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< / td > < td > < / td > < td > 在系统引导中遇到硬件问题时，可以尝试下面的几个选项。当选择条移动到某个选项时，在屏幕底部会显示相应的简短说明。< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < / td > < td > < / td > < td >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Safe mode< / span > < br / >
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Puts the system into safe mode. This can be enabled independently from the other options.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable user add-ons< / span > < br / >
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Prevents all user installed add-ons from being loaded. Only the add-ons in the system directory will be used. See < a href = "#troubleshooting" > Troubleshooting< / a > below.< / p >
< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable IDE DMA< / span > < br / >
Disables IDE DMA, increasing IDE compatibility at the expense of performance.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Ignore memory beyond 4 GiB< / span > < br / >
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Ignores all memory beyond the 4 GiB address limit, overriding the setting in the kernel settings file.
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< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Use fail-safe graphics driver< / span > < br / >
The system will use VESA mode and won't try to use any video graphics drivers.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable IO-APIC< / span > < br / >
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Disables using the IO APIC for interrupt routing, forcing the use of the legacy PIC instead.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable local APIC< / span > < br / >
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Disables using the local APIC, also disables SMP.< / p >
< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable X2APIC< / span > < br / >
Disables second generation APIC.< / p >
< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable SMEP and SMAP< / span > < br / >
Disables SMEP/SMAP security features of the CPU.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable SMP< / span > < br / >
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Disables all but one CPU core.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Don't call the BIOS< / span > < br / >
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Stops the system from calling BIOS functions.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable APM< / span > < br / >
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Disables Advanced Power Management hardware support, overriding the APM setting in the kernel settings file.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable ACPI< / span > < br / >
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Disables Advanced Configuration and Power Interface hardware support, overriding the ACPI setting in the kernel settings file.< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Blacklist entries< / span > < br / >
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Allows to select system files that shall be ignored. Useful e.g. to disable drivers temporarily. See < a href = "#troubleshooting" > Troubleshooting< / a > below.< / p > < / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > < b > Select debug options< / b > < br / >
< / td > < td > < / td > < td > 在这里，你会发现几个选项，它们用于调试或者获取< a href = "../../welcome/en/bugreports.html" > 错误报告< / a > 的详细情况。同时，对于每个选项，在屏幕底部也都会出现相关的说明。< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > < / td > < td > < / td > < td >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Enable serial debug output< / span > < br / >
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打开并输出 syslog 信息到串口（ ： ） < / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Enable on screen debug output< / span > < br / >
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在系统启动时，在屏幕显示调试信息，而不是常规的启动画面。< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Disable on screen paging< / span > < br / >
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在屏幕调试输出启用时，禁用翻页效果。< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Enable debug syslog< / span > < br / >
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为该回话启用特殊的内存日志缓存，在系统重启时供引导管理器访问。< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Display current boot loader log< / span > < br / >
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显示引导管理器登陆调试信息（按下 < span class = "key" > Q< / span > 退出登陆)< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Add advanced debug option< / span > < br / >
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允许直接输入高级调试选项。< / p > < / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 如果激活了 "Enable debug syslog" ，那么在崩溃后，热启动后将提示如下附加选项：< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > < p > < span class = "menu" > Save syslog from previous session during boot< / span > < br / >
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在启动时保存前一次 Haiku 会话的 syslog 系统日志到 /var/log/previous_syslog 。< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Display syslog from previous session< / span > < br / >
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显示前一次 Haiku 会话的 syslog 系统日志< / p >
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< p > < span class = "menu" > Save syslog from previous session< / span > < br / >
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保存前一次 Haiku 会话的 syslog 系统日志到磁盘，目前仅支持 FAT32 分区。< / p > < / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td class = "onelinetop" > < b > Select fail safe video mode< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 强制使用指定的屏幕的分辨率和颜色深度。< / td > < / tr >
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< / table >
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< h2 >
< a href = "#" > < img src = "../images/up.png" style = "border:none;float:right" alt = "index" / > < / a >
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< a id = "troubleshooting" name = "troubleshooting" > 故障诊断< / a > < / h2 >
< p > 如果 Haiku 从一开始就无法从您的硬件上进行启动，那么您需要尝试以下 < span class = "menu" > 选择安全模式选项< / span > 中的不同设置项。或者考虑提交一个 < a href = "../welcome/en/bugreports.html" > 问题报告< / a > 。< / p >
< p > 换句话说， ， < / p >
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< ul >
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< li > < p > 激活 < span class = "menu" > Safe mode< / span > 将会阻止多数的服务，后台以及 UserBootScript 启动。 < / p > < / li >
< li > < p > 激活 < span class = "menu" > Disable user add-ons< / span > 将会阻止所有在 Home 目录下用户目录中安装的附加组件（驱动，转换器，等）的使用。< / p > < / li >
< li > < p > 如果激活 < span class = "menu" > Use fail-safe graphics driver< / span > 通过回退到 VESA 显卡模式解决了您的问题，您可以通过在 < span class = "path" > /boot/home/config/settings/kernel/drivers/kernel< / span > 文本文件中移除 < i > #fail_safe_video_mode true< / i > 之前的 < tt > #< / tt > 注释符永久的解决该问题。 < / p > < / li >
< li > < p > 如果一些恶意的驱动，附件组件等安装到了系统路径中，问题可能会有些复杂，因为这些位置都是只读的。下面的 < span class = "menu" > Blacklist entries< / span > 将会起到作用。通过该菜单，您将能够导航并进入到任意的系统目录，然后通过 < span class = "key" > SPACE< / span > 或者 < span class = "key" > RETURN< / span > 选中并禁用那些造成问题的组件。< span class = "key" > ESC< / span > 键用于返回到上级目录。< / p >
< p > 如何进行更多的设置，可以参考在线文档 < a href = "http://www.haiku-os.org/blog/barrett/2013-12-15_how_permanently_blacklist_package_file" > 如何将包文件永久列入黑名单< / a > 。< / p > < / li >
< li > < p > 在 < span class = "menu" > Select boot volume< / span > 菜单中，您可以指定希望启动的 Haiku 版本。每次在安装或者卸载系统组件时，原有状态都将保存。您可以在引导管理器选项列表中选择对应的启动状态。< br / >
因此，如果在安装完某些包之后，出现了启动引导问题，您可以选择引导在问题出现以前的 Haiku 状态，并且卸载该软件包。< / p > < / li >
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< / ul >
< h2 >
< a href = "#" > < img src = "../images/up.png" style = "border:none;float:right" alt = "index" / > < / a >
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< a id = "booting" name = "booting" > 引导 Haiku< / a > < / h2 >
< p > 在激活几个选项之后，返回主菜单，继续系统引导。开机界面如下：< / p >
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< img src = "../images/bootloader-images/boot-screen.png" alt = "boot-screen.png" / >
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< p > 如果一切运行正常，那么所有的图标都将依此点亮。< br / >
这些不同的符号大致对应了下面的启动步骤：< / p >
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< table summary = "layout" border = "0" cellpadding = "2" cellspacing = "0" >
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< tr > < td > < b > Atom< / b > < / td > < td style = "width:10px;" > < / td > < td > 系统组件初始化。< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < b > Disk + magnifier< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 创建文件系统 (< span class = "path" > /< / span > ) 和挂载硬件驱动 (< span class = "path" > /dev< / span > ).< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < b > Plug-in card< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 硬件管理初始化。< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < b > Boot disk< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 挂载启动磁盘。< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < b > Chip< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > CPU特定模块加载< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < b > Folder< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > 子系统初始化。< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > < b > Rocket< / b > < / td > < td > < / td > < td > Launch_daemon 启动系统< / td > < / tr >
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