406 lines
12 KiB
C
406 lines
12 KiB
C
/* Unicorn Emulator Engine */
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/* By Nguyen Anh Quynh, 2015 */
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/* Sample code to demonstrate how to emulate ARM code */
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#include <unicorn/unicorn.h>
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#include <string.h>
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// code to be emulated
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// #define ARM_CODE "\x37\x00\xa0\xe3" // mov r0, #0x37
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#define ARM_CODE "\x00\xf0\x20\xe3" // nop
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// #define ARM_CODE "\x37\x00\xa0\xe3\x03\x10\x42\xe0" // mov r0, #0x37; sub r1,
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// r2, r3
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#define THUMB_CODE "\x83\xb0" // sub sp, #0xc
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#define ARM_THUM_COND_CODE \
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"\x9a\x42\x14\xbf\x68\x22\x4d\x22" // 'cmp r2, r3\nit ne\nmov r2, #0x68\nmov
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// r2, #0x4d'
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// code to be emulated
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#define ARM_CODE_EB \
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"\xe3\xa0\x00\x37\xe0\x42\x10\x03" // mov r0, #0x37; sub r1, r2, r3
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#define THUMB_CODE_EB "\xb0\x83" // sub sp, #0xc
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// memory address where emulation starts
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#define ADDRESS 0x10000
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static void hook_block(uc_engine *uc, uint64_t address, uint32_t size,
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void *user_data)
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{
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printf(">>> Tracing basic block at 0x%" PRIx64 ", block size = 0x%x\n",
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address, size);
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}
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static void hook_code(uc_engine *uc, uint64_t address, uint32_t size,
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void *user_data)
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{
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printf(">>> Tracing instruction at 0x%" PRIx64
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", instruction size = 0x%x\n",
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address, size);
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}
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static void test_arm(void)
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{
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uc_engine *uc;
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uc_err err;
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uc_hook trace1, trace2;
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int r0 = 0x1234; // R0 register
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int r2 = 0x6789; // R1 register
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int r3 = 0x3333; // R2 register
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int r1; // R1 register
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printf("Emulate ARM code\n");
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// Initialize emulator in ARM mode
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err = uc_open(UC_ARCH_ARM, UC_MODE_ARM, &uc);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_open() with error returned: %u (%s)\n", err,
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uc_strerror(err));
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return;
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}
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// map 2MB memory for this emulation
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uc_mem_map(uc, ADDRESS, 2 * 1024 * 1024, UC_PROT_ALL);
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// write machine code to be emulated to memory
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uc_mem_write(uc, ADDRESS, ARM_CODE, sizeof(ARM_CODE) - 1);
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// initialize machine registers
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R0, &r0);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R2, &r2);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R3, &r3);
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// tracing all basic blocks with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace1, UC_HOOK_BLOCK, hook_block, NULL, 1, 0);
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// tracing one instruction at ADDRESS with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace2, UC_HOOK_CODE, hook_code, NULL, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
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// emulate machine code in infinite time (last param = 0), or when
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// finishing all the code.
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, ADDRESS, ADDRESS + sizeof(ARM_CODE) - 1, 0, 0);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n", err);
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}
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// now print out some registers
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printf(">>> Emulation done. Below is the CPU context\n");
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R0, &r0);
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R1, &r1);
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printf(">>> R0 = 0x%x\n", r0);
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printf(">>> R1 = 0x%x\n", r1);
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uc_close(uc);
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}
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static void test_thumb(void)
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{
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uc_engine *uc;
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uc_err err;
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uc_hook trace1, trace2;
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int sp = 0x1234; // R0 register
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printf("Emulate THUMB code\n");
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// Initialize emulator in ARM mode
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err = uc_open(UC_ARCH_ARM, UC_MODE_THUMB, &uc);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_open() with error returned: %u (%s)\n", err,
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uc_strerror(err));
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return;
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}
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// map 2MB memory for this emulation
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uc_mem_map(uc, ADDRESS, 2 * 1024 * 1024, UC_PROT_ALL);
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// write machine code to be emulated to memory
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uc_mem_write(uc, ADDRESS, THUMB_CODE, sizeof(THUMB_CODE) - 1);
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// initialize machine registers
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_SP, &sp);
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// tracing all basic blocks with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace1, UC_HOOK_BLOCK, hook_block, NULL, 1, 0);
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// tracing one instruction at ADDRESS with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace2, UC_HOOK_CODE, hook_code, NULL, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
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// emulate machine code in infinite time (last param = 0), or when
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// finishing all the code.
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// Note we start at ADDRESS | 1 to indicate THUMB mode.
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, ADDRESS | 1, ADDRESS + sizeof(THUMB_CODE) - 1, 0, 0);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n", err);
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}
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// now print out some registers
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printf(">>> Emulation done. Below is the CPU context\n");
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_SP, &sp);
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printf(">>> SP = 0x%x\n", sp);
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uc_close(uc);
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}
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static void test_armeb(void)
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{
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uc_engine *uc;
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uc_err err;
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uc_hook trace1, trace2;
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int r0 = 0x1234; // R0 register
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int r2 = 0x6789; // R1 register
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int r3 = 0x3333; // R2 register
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int r1; // R1 register
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printf("Emulate ARM Big-Endian code\n");
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// Initialize emulator in ARM mode
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err = uc_open(UC_ARCH_ARM, UC_MODE_ARM + UC_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN, &uc);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_open() with error returned: %u (%s)\n", err,
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uc_strerror(err));
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return;
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}
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// map 2MB memory for this emulation
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uc_mem_map(uc, ADDRESS, 2 * 1024 * 1024, UC_PROT_ALL);
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// write machine code to be emulated to memory
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uc_mem_write(uc, ADDRESS, ARM_CODE_EB, sizeof(ARM_CODE_EB) - 1);
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// initialize machine registers
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R0, &r0);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R2, &r2);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R3, &r3);
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// tracing all basic blocks with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace1, UC_HOOK_BLOCK, hook_block, NULL, 1, 0);
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// tracing one instruction at ADDRESS with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace2, UC_HOOK_CODE, hook_code, NULL, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
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// emulate machine code in infinite time (last param = 0), or when
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// finishing all the code.
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, ADDRESS, ADDRESS + sizeof(ARM_CODE_EB) - 1, 0, 0);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n", err);
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}
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// now print out some registers
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printf(">>> Emulation done. Below is the CPU context\n");
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R0, &r0);
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R1, &r1);
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printf(">>> R0 = 0x%x\n", r0);
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printf(">>> R1 = 0x%x\n", r1);
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uc_close(uc);
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}
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static void test_thumbeb(void)
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{
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uc_engine *uc;
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uc_err err;
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uc_hook trace1, trace2;
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int sp = 0x1234; // R0 register
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printf("Emulate THUMB Big-Endian code\n");
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// Initialize emulator in ARM mode
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err = uc_open(UC_ARCH_ARM, UC_MODE_THUMB + UC_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN, &uc);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_open() with error returned: %u (%s)\n", err,
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uc_strerror(err));
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return;
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}
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// map 2MB memory for this emulation
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uc_mem_map(uc, ADDRESS, 2 * 1024 * 1024, UC_PROT_ALL);
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// write machine code to be emulated to memory
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uc_mem_write(uc, ADDRESS, THUMB_CODE_EB, sizeof(THUMB_CODE_EB) - 1);
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// initialize machine registers
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_SP, &sp);
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// tracing all basic blocks with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace1, UC_HOOK_BLOCK, hook_block, NULL, 1, 0);
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// tracing one instruction at ADDRESS with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace2, UC_HOOK_CODE, hook_code, NULL, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
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// emulate machine code in infinite time (last param = 0), or when
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// finishing all the code.
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// Note we start at ADDRESS | 1 to indicate THUMB mode.
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, ADDRESS | 1, ADDRESS + sizeof(THUMB_CODE_EB) - 1, 0,
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0);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n", err);
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}
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// now print out some registers
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printf(">>> Emulation done. Below is the CPU context\n");
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_SP, &sp);
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printf(">>> SP = 0x%x\n", sp);
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uc_close(uc);
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}
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static void test_thumb_mrs(void)
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{
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uc_engine *uc;
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uc_err err;
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uc_hook trace1, trace2;
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int pc;
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printf("Emulate THUMB MRS instruction\n");
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// 0xf3ef8014 - mrs r0, control
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// Initialize emulator in ARM mode
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err = uc_open(UC_ARCH_ARM, UC_MODE_THUMB | UC_MODE_MCLASS, &uc);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_open() with error returned: %u (%s)\n", err,
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uc_strerror(err));
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return;
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}
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// map 2MB memory for this emulation
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uc_mem_map(uc, ADDRESS, 2 * 1024 * 1024, UC_PROT_ALL);
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// write machine code to be emulated to memory
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uc_mem_write(uc, ADDRESS, "\xef\xf3\x14\x80", 4);
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// tracing all basic blocks with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace1, UC_HOOK_BLOCK, hook_block, NULL, 1, 0);
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// tracing one instruction at ADDRESS with customized callback
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uc_hook_add(uc, &trace2, UC_HOOK_CODE, hook_code, NULL, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
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// emulate machine code in infinite time (last param = 0), or when
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// finishing all the code.
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// Note we start at ADDRESS | 1 to indicate THUMB mode.
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, ADDRESS | 1, ADDRESS + 4, 0, 1);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n", err);
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}
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// now print out some registers
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printf(">>> Emulation done. Below is the CPU context\n");
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_PC, &pc);
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printf(">>> PC = 0x%x\n", pc);
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if (pc != ADDRESS + 4) {
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printf("Error, PC was 0x%x, expected was 0x%x.\n", pc, ADDRESS + 4);
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}
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uc_close(uc);
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}
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static void test_thumb_ite_internal(bool step, uint32_t *r2_out,
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uint32_t *r3_out)
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{
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uc_engine *uc;
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uc_err err;
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uint32_t sp = 0x1234;
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uint32_t r2 = 0, r3 = 1;
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err = uc_open(UC_ARCH_ARM, UC_MODE_THUMB, &uc);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_open() with error returned: %u (%s)\n", err,
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uc_strerror(err));
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return;
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}
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uc_mem_map(uc, ADDRESS, 2 * 1024 * 1024, UC_PROT_ALL);
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uc_mem_write(uc, ADDRESS, ARM_THUM_COND_CODE,
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sizeof(ARM_THUM_COND_CODE) - 1);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_SP, &sp);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R2, &r2);
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uc_reg_write(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R3, &r3);
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if (!step) {
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, ADDRESS | 1,
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ADDRESS + sizeof(ARM_THUM_COND_CODE) - 1, 0, 0);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n", err);
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}
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} else {
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int i, addr = ADDRESS;
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for (i = 0; i < sizeof(ARM_THUM_COND_CODE) / 2; i++) {
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err = uc_emu_start(uc, addr | 1,
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ADDRESS + sizeof(ARM_THUM_COND_CODE) - 1, 0, 1);
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if (err) {
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printf("Failed on uc_emu_start() with error returned: %u\n",
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err);
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}
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_PC, &addr);
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}
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}
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R2, &r2);
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uc_reg_read(uc, UC_ARM_REG_R3, &r3);
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uc_close(uc);
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*r2_out = r2;
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*r3_out = r3;
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}
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static void test_thumb_ite()
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{
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uint32_t r2, r3;
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uint32_t step_r2, step_r3;
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printf("Emulate a THUMB ITE block as a whole or per instruction.\n");
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// Run once.
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printf("Running the entire binary.\n");
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test_thumb_ite_internal(false, &r2, &r3);
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printf(">>> R2: %d\n", r2);
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printf(">>> R3: %d\n\n", r3);
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// Step each instruction.
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printf("Running the binary one instruction at a time.\n");
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test_thumb_ite_internal(true, &step_r2, &step_r3);
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printf(">>> R2: %d\n", step_r2);
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printf(">>> R3: %d\n\n", step_r3);
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if (step_r2 != r2 || step_r3 != r3) {
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printf("Failed with ARM ITE blocks stepping!\n");
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}
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}
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int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
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{
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test_arm();
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printf("==========================\n");
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test_thumb();
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printf("==========================\n");
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test_armeb();
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printf("==========================\n");
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test_thumbeb();
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printf("==========================\n");
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test_thumb_mrs();
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printf("==========================\n");
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test_thumb_ite();
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return 0;
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}
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