/* * Physical memory management * * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates * * Authors: * Avi Kivity * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See * the COPYING file in the top-level directory. * * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version. */ /* Modified for Unicorn Engine by Nguyen Anh Quynh, 2015 */ #include "exec/memory.h" #include "exec/address-spaces.h" #include "exec/ioport.h" #include "qapi/visitor.h" #include "qemu/bitops.h" #include "qom/object.h" #include #include "exec/memory-internal.h" #include "exec/ram_addr.h" #include "sysemu/sysemu.h" //#define DEBUG_UNASSIGNED // Unicorn engine MemoryRegion *memory_map(struct uc_struct *uc, hwaddr begin, size_t size, uint32_t perms) { MemoryRegion *ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1); memory_region_init_ram(uc, ram, NULL, "pc.ram", size, perms, &error_abort); if (ram->ram_addr == -1) // out of memory return NULL; memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(uc), begin, ram); if (uc->current_cpu) tlb_flush(uc->current_cpu, 1); return ram; } MemoryRegion *memory_map_ptr(struct uc_struct *uc, hwaddr begin, size_t size, uint32_t perms, void *ptr) { MemoryRegion *ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1); memory_region_init_ram_ptr(uc, ram, NULL, "pc.ram", size, ptr); ram->perms = perms; if (ram->ram_addr == -1) // out of memory return NULL; memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(uc), begin, ram); if (uc->current_cpu) tlb_flush(uc->current_cpu, 1); return ram; } void memory_unmap(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr) { int i; target_ulong addr; Object *obj; // Make sure all pages associated with the MemoryRegion are flushed // Only need to do this if we are in a running state if (uc->current_cpu) { for (addr = mr->addr; addr < mr->end; addr += uc->target_page_size) { tlb_flush_page(uc->current_cpu, addr); } } mr->enabled = false; memory_region_del_subregion(get_system_memory(uc), mr); for (i = 0; i < uc->mapped_block_count; i++) { if (uc->mapped_blocks[i] == mr) { uc->mapped_block_count--; //shift remainder of array down over deleted pointer memmove(&uc->mapped_blocks[i], &uc->mapped_blocks[i + 1], sizeof(MemoryRegion*) * (uc->mapped_block_count - i)); mr->destructor(mr); obj = OBJECT(mr); obj->ref = 1; obj->free = g_free; g_free(mr->ioeventfds); g_free((char *)mr->name); mr->name = NULL; break; } } } int memory_free(struct uc_struct *uc) { MemoryRegion *mr; Object *obj; int i; get_system_memory(uc)->enabled = false; for (i = 0; i < uc->mapped_block_count; i++) { mr = uc->mapped_blocks[i]; mr->enabled = false; memory_region_del_subregion(get_system_memory(uc), mr); mr->destructor(mr); obj = OBJECT(mr); obj->ref = 1; obj->free = g_free; g_free(mr->ioeventfds); } return 0; } /* flat_view_mutex is taken around reading as->current_map; the critical * section is extremely short, so I'm using a single mutex for every AS. * We could also RCU for the read-side. * * The BQL is taken around transaction commits, hence both locks are taken * while writing to as->current_map (with the BQL taken outside). */ static void memory_init(struct uc_struct *uc) { qemu_mutex_init(&uc->flat_view_mutex); } typedef struct AddrRange AddrRange; /* * Note that signed integers are needed for negative offsetting in aliases * (large MemoryRegion::alias_offset). */ struct AddrRange { Int128 start; Int128 size; }; static AddrRange addrrange_make(Int128 start, Int128 size) { return (AddrRange) { start, size }; } static bool addrrange_equal(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2) { return int128_eq(r1.start, r2.start) && int128_eq(r1.size, r2.size); } static Int128 addrrange_end(AddrRange r) { return int128_add(r.start, r.size); } static AddrRange addrrange_shift(AddrRange range, Int128 delta) { int128_addto(&range.start, delta); return range; } static bool addrrange_contains(AddrRange range, Int128 addr) { return int128_ge(addr, range.start) && int128_lt(addr, addrrange_end(range)); } static bool addrrange_intersects(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2) { return addrrange_contains(r1, r2.start) || addrrange_contains(r2, r1.start); } static AddrRange addrrange_intersection(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2) { Int128 start = int128_max(r1.start, r2.start); Int128 end = int128_min(addrrange_end(r1), addrrange_end(r2)); return addrrange_make(start, int128_sub(end, start)); } enum ListenerDirection { Forward, Reverse }; static bool memory_listener_match(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section) { return !listener->address_space_filter || listener->address_space_filter == section->address_space; } #define MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(_callback, _direction, _args...) \ do { \ MemoryListener *_listener; \ \ switch (_direction) { \ case Forward: \ QTAILQ_FOREACH(_listener, &uc->memory_listeners, link) { \ if (_listener->_callback) { \ _listener->_callback(_listener, ##_args); \ } \ } \ break; \ case Reverse: \ QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(_listener, &uc->memory_listeners, \ memory_listeners, link) { \ if (_listener->_callback) { \ _listener->_callback(_listener, ##_args); \ } \ } \ break; \ default: \ abort(); \ } \ } while (0) #define MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(_callback, _direction, _section, _args...) \ do { \ MemoryListener *_listener; \ \ switch (_direction) { \ case Forward: \ QTAILQ_FOREACH(_listener, &uc->memory_listeners, link) { \ if (_listener->_callback \ && memory_listener_match(_listener, _section)) { \ _listener->_callback(_listener, _section, ##_args); \ } \ } \ break; \ case Reverse: \ QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(_listener, &uc->memory_listeners, \ memory_listeners, link) { \ if (_listener->_callback \ && memory_listener_match(_listener, _section)) { \ _listener->_callback(_listener, _section, ##_args); \ } \ } \ break; \ default: \ abort(); \ } \ } while (0) /* No need to ref/unref .mr, the FlatRange keeps it alive. */ #define MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, dir, callback) \ MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(callback, dir, (&(MemoryRegionSection) { \ .mr = (fr)->mr, \ .address_space = (as), \ .offset_within_region = (fr)->offset_in_region, \ .size = (fr)->addr.size, \ .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64((fr)->addr.start), \ .readonly = (fr)->readonly, \ })) struct CoalescedMemoryRange { AddrRange addr; QTAILQ_ENTRY(CoalescedMemoryRange) link; }; struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd { AddrRange addr; bool match_data; uint64_t data; EventNotifier *e; }; static bool memory_region_ioeventfd_before(MemoryRegionIoeventfd a, MemoryRegionIoeventfd b) { if (int128_lt(a.addr.start, b.addr.start)) { return true; } else if (int128_gt(a.addr.start, b.addr.start)) { return false; } else if (int128_lt(a.addr.size, b.addr.size)) { return true; } else if (int128_gt(a.addr.size, b.addr.size)) { return false; } else if (a.match_data < b.match_data) { return true; } else if (a.match_data > b.match_data) { return false; } else if (a.match_data) { if (a.data < b.data) { return true; } else if (a.data > b.data) { return false; } } if (a.e < b.e) { return true; } else if (a.e > b.e) { return false; } return false; } static bool memory_region_ioeventfd_equal(MemoryRegionIoeventfd a, MemoryRegionIoeventfd b) { return !memory_region_ioeventfd_before(a, b) && !memory_region_ioeventfd_before(b, a); } typedef struct FlatRange FlatRange; typedef struct FlatView FlatView; /* Range of memory in the global map. Addresses are absolute. */ struct FlatRange { MemoryRegion *mr; hwaddr offset_in_region; AddrRange addr; uint8_t dirty_log_mask; bool romd_mode; bool readonly; }; /* Flattened global view of current active memory hierarchy. Kept in sorted * order. */ struct FlatView { unsigned ref; FlatRange *ranges; unsigned nr; unsigned nr_allocated; }; typedef struct AddressSpaceOps AddressSpaceOps; #define FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(var, view) \ for (var = (view)->ranges; var < (view)->ranges + (view)->nr; ++var) static bool flatrange_equal(FlatRange *a, FlatRange *b) { return a->mr == b->mr && addrrange_equal(a->addr, b->addr) && a->offset_in_region == b->offset_in_region && a->romd_mode == b->romd_mode && a->readonly == b->readonly; } static void flatview_init(FlatView *view) { view->ref = 1; view->ranges = NULL; view->nr = 0; view->nr_allocated = 0; } /* Insert a range into a given position. Caller is responsible for maintaining * sorting order. */ static void flatview_insert(FlatView *view, unsigned pos, FlatRange *range) { if (view->nr == view->nr_allocated) { view->nr_allocated = MAX(2 * view->nr, 10); view->ranges = g_realloc(view->ranges, view->nr_allocated * sizeof(*view->ranges)); } memmove(view->ranges + pos + 1, view->ranges + pos, (view->nr - pos) * sizeof(FlatRange)); view->ranges[pos] = *range; memory_region_ref(range->mr); ++view->nr; } static void flatview_destroy(FlatView *view) { int i; for (i = 0; i < view->nr; i++) { memory_region_unref(view->ranges[i].mr); } g_free(view->ranges); g_free(view); } static void flatview_ref(FlatView *view) { atomic_inc(&view->ref); } static void flatview_unref(FlatView *view) { if (atomic_fetch_dec(&view->ref) == 1) { flatview_destroy(view); } } static bool can_merge(FlatRange *r1, FlatRange *r2) { return int128_eq(addrrange_end(r1->addr), r2->addr.start) && r1->mr == r2->mr && int128_eq(int128_add(int128_make64(r1->offset_in_region), r1->addr.size), int128_make64(r2->offset_in_region)) && r1->dirty_log_mask == r2->dirty_log_mask && r1->romd_mode == r2->romd_mode && r1->readonly == r2->readonly; } /* Attempt to simplify a view by merging adjacent ranges */ static void flatview_simplify(FlatView *view) { unsigned i, j; i = 0; while (i < view->nr) { j = i + 1; while (j < view->nr && can_merge(&view->ranges[j-1], &view->ranges[j])) { int128_addto(&view->ranges[i].addr.size, view->ranges[j].addr.size); ++j; } ++i; memmove(&view->ranges[i], &view->ranges[j], (view->nr - j) * sizeof(view->ranges[j])); view->nr -= j - i; } } static bool memory_region_big_endian(MemoryRegion *mr) { #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN return mr->ops->endianness != DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN; #else return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN; #endif } static bool memory_region_wrong_endianness(MemoryRegion *mr) { #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN; #else return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN; #endif } static void adjust_endianness(MemoryRegion *mr, uint64_t *data, unsigned size) { if (memory_region_wrong_endianness(mr)) { switch (size) { case 1: break; case 2: *data = bswap16(*data); break; case 4: *data = bswap32(*data); break; case 8: *data = bswap64(*data); break; default: abort(); } } } static void memory_region_oldmmio_read_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value, unsigned size, unsigned shift, uint64_t mask) { uint64_t tmp; tmp = mr->ops->old_mmio.read[ctz32(size)](mr->opaque, addr); *value |= (tmp & mask) << shift; } static void memory_region_read_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value, unsigned size, unsigned shift, uint64_t mask) { uint64_t tmp; if (mr->flush_coalesced_mmio) { qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer(); } tmp = mr->ops->read(mr->uc, mr->opaque, addr, size); *value |= (tmp & mask) << shift; } static void memory_region_oldmmio_write_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value, unsigned size, unsigned shift, uint64_t mask) { uint64_t tmp; tmp = (*value >> shift) & mask; mr->ops->old_mmio.write[ctz32(size)](mr->opaque, addr, tmp); } static void memory_region_write_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value, unsigned size, unsigned shift, uint64_t mask) { uint64_t tmp; if (mr->flush_coalesced_mmio) { qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer(); } tmp = (*value >> shift) & mask; mr->ops->write(mr->uc, mr->opaque, addr, tmp, size); } static void access_with_adjusted_size(hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value, unsigned size, unsigned access_size_min, unsigned access_size_max, void (*access)(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value, unsigned size, unsigned shift, uint64_t mask), MemoryRegion *mr) { uint64_t access_mask; unsigned access_size; unsigned i; if (!access_size_min) { access_size_min = 1; } if (!access_size_max) { access_size_max = 4; } /* FIXME: support unaligned access? */ access_size = MAX(MIN(size, access_size_max), access_size_min); access_mask = -1ULL >> (64 - access_size * 8); if (memory_region_big_endian(mr)) { for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) { access(mr, addr + i, value, access_size, (size - access_size - i) * 8, access_mask); } } else { for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) { access(mr, addr + i, value, access_size, i * 8, access_mask); } } } static AddressSpace *memory_region_to_address_space(MemoryRegion *mr) { AddressSpace *as; while (mr->container) { mr = mr->container; } QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &mr->uc->address_spaces, address_spaces_link) { if (mr == as->root) { return as; } } return NULL; } /* Render a memory region into the global view. Ranges in @view obscure * ranges in @mr. */ static void render_memory_region(FlatView *view, MemoryRegion *mr, Int128 base, AddrRange clip, bool readonly) { MemoryRegion *subregion; unsigned i; hwaddr offset_in_region; Int128 remain; Int128 now; FlatRange fr; AddrRange tmp; if (!mr->enabled) { return; } int128_addto(&base, int128_make64(mr->addr)); readonly |= mr->readonly; tmp = addrrange_make(base, mr->size); if (!addrrange_intersects(tmp, clip)) { return; } clip = addrrange_intersection(tmp, clip); if (mr->alias) { int128_subfrom(&base, int128_make64(mr->alias->addr)); int128_subfrom(&base, int128_make64(mr->alias_offset)); render_memory_region(view, mr->alias, base, clip, readonly); return; } /* Render subregions in priority order. */ QTAILQ_FOREACH(subregion, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) { render_memory_region(view, subregion, base, clip, readonly); } if (!mr->terminates) { return; } offset_in_region = int128_get64(int128_sub(clip.start, base)); base = clip.start; remain = clip.size; fr.mr = mr; fr.dirty_log_mask = mr->dirty_log_mask; fr.romd_mode = mr->romd_mode; fr.readonly = readonly; /* Render the region itself into any gaps left by the current view. */ for (i = 0; i < view->nr && int128_nz(remain); ++i) { if (int128_ge(base, addrrange_end(view->ranges[i].addr))) { continue; } if (int128_lt(base, view->ranges[i].addr.start)) { now = int128_min(remain, int128_sub(view->ranges[i].addr.start, base)); fr.offset_in_region = offset_in_region; fr.addr = addrrange_make(base, now); flatview_insert(view, i, &fr); ++i; int128_addto(&base, now); offset_in_region += int128_get64(now); int128_subfrom(&remain, now); } now = int128_sub(int128_min(int128_add(base, remain), addrrange_end(view->ranges[i].addr)), base); int128_addto(&base, now); offset_in_region += int128_get64(now); int128_subfrom(&remain, now); } if (int128_nz(remain)) { fr.offset_in_region = offset_in_region; fr.addr = addrrange_make(base, remain); flatview_insert(view, i, &fr); } } /* Render a memory topology into a list of disjoint absolute ranges. */ static FlatView *generate_memory_topology(MemoryRegion *mr) { FlatView *view; view = g_new(FlatView, 1); flatview_init(view); if (mr) { render_memory_region(view, mr, int128_zero(), addrrange_make(int128_zero(), int128_2_64()), false); } flatview_simplify(view); return view; } static void address_space_add_del_ioeventfds(AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fds_new, unsigned fds_new_nb, MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fds_old, unsigned fds_old_nb) { unsigned iold, inew; MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fd; MemoryRegionSection section; struct uc_struct *uc = as->uc; /* Generate a symmetric difference of the old and new fd sets, adding * and deleting as necessary. */ iold = inew = 0; while (iold < fds_old_nb || inew < fds_new_nb) { if (iold < fds_old_nb && (inew == fds_new_nb || memory_region_ioeventfd_before(fds_old[iold], fds_new[inew]))) { fd = &fds_old[iold]; section = (MemoryRegionSection) { .address_space = as, .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fd->addr.start), .size = fd->addr.size, }; MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(eventfd_del, Forward, §ion, fd->match_data, fd->data, fd->e); ++iold; } else if (inew < fds_new_nb && (iold == fds_old_nb || memory_region_ioeventfd_before(fds_new[inew], fds_old[iold]))) { fd = &fds_new[inew]; section = (MemoryRegionSection) { .address_space = as, .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fd->addr.start), .size = fd->addr.size, }; MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(eventfd_add, Reverse, §ion, fd->match_data, fd->data, fd->e); ++inew; } else { ++iold; ++inew; } } } static FlatView *address_space_get_flatview(AddressSpace *as) { FlatView *view; qemu_mutex_lock(&as->uc->flat_view_mutex); view = as->current_map; flatview_ref(view); qemu_mutex_unlock(&as->uc->flat_view_mutex); return view; } static void address_space_update_ioeventfds(AddressSpace *as) { FlatView *view; FlatRange *fr; unsigned ioeventfd_nb = 0; MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds = NULL; AddrRange tmp; unsigned i; view = address_space_get_flatview(as); FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) { for (i = 0; i < fr->mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) { tmp = addrrange_shift(fr->mr->ioeventfds[i].addr, int128_sub(fr->addr.start, int128_make64(fr->offset_in_region))); if (addrrange_intersects(fr->addr, tmp)) { ++ioeventfd_nb; ioeventfds = g_realloc(ioeventfds, ioeventfd_nb * sizeof(*ioeventfds)); ioeventfds[ioeventfd_nb-1] = fr->mr->ioeventfds[i]; ioeventfds[ioeventfd_nb-1].addr = tmp; } } } address_space_add_del_ioeventfds(as, ioeventfds, ioeventfd_nb, as->ioeventfds, as->ioeventfd_nb); g_free(as->ioeventfds); as->ioeventfds = ioeventfds; as->ioeventfd_nb = ioeventfd_nb; flatview_unref(view); } static void address_space_update_topology_pass(AddressSpace *as, const FlatView *old_view, const FlatView *new_view, bool adding) { unsigned iold, inew; FlatRange *frold, *frnew; struct uc_struct *uc = as->uc; /* Generate a symmetric difference of the old and new memory maps. * Kill ranges in the old map, and instantiate ranges in the new map. */ iold = inew = 0; while (iold < old_view->nr || inew < new_view->nr) { if (iold < old_view->nr) { frold = &old_view->ranges[iold]; } else { frold = NULL; } if (inew < new_view->nr) { frnew = &new_view->ranges[inew]; } else { frnew = NULL; } if (frold && (!frnew || int128_lt(frold->addr.start, frnew->addr.start) || (int128_eq(frold->addr.start, frnew->addr.start) && !flatrange_equal(frold, frnew)))) { /* In old but not in new, or in both but attributes changed. */ if (!adding) { MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frold, as, Reverse, region_del); } ++iold; } else if (frold && frnew && flatrange_equal(frold, frnew)) { /* In both and unchanged (except logging may have changed) */ if (adding) { MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, region_nop); if (frold->dirty_log_mask && !frnew->dirty_log_mask) { MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Reverse, log_stop); } else if (frnew->dirty_log_mask && !frold->dirty_log_mask) { MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, log_start); } } ++iold; ++inew; } else { /* In new */ if (adding) { MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, region_add); } ++inew; } } } static void address_space_update_topology(AddressSpace *as) { FlatView *old_view = address_space_get_flatview(as); FlatView *new_view = generate_memory_topology(as->root); address_space_update_topology_pass(as, old_view, new_view, false); address_space_update_topology_pass(as, old_view, new_view, true); qemu_mutex_lock(&as->uc->flat_view_mutex); flatview_unref(as->current_map); as->current_map = new_view; qemu_mutex_unlock(&as->uc->flat_view_mutex); /* Note that all the old MemoryRegions are still alive up to this * point. This relieves most MemoryListeners from the need to * ref/unref the MemoryRegions they get---unless they use them * outside the iothread mutex, in which case precise reference * counting is necessary. */ flatview_unref(old_view); address_space_update_ioeventfds(as); } void memory_region_transaction_begin(struct uc_struct *uc) { qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer(); ++uc->memory_region_transaction_depth; } static void memory_region_clear_pending(struct uc_struct *uc) { uc->memory_region_update_pending = false; uc->ioeventfd_update_pending = false; } void memory_region_transaction_commit(struct uc_struct *uc) { AddressSpace *as; assert(uc->memory_region_transaction_depth); --uc->memory_region_transaction_depth; if (!uc->memory_region_transaction_depth) { if (uc->memory_region_update_pending) { MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(begin, Forward); QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &uc->address_spaces, address_spaces_link) { address_space_update_topology(as); } MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(commit, Forward); } else if (uc->ioeventfd_update_pending) { QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &uc->address_spaces, address_spaces_link) { address_space_update_ioeventfds(as); } } memory_region_clear_pending(uc); } } static void memory_region_destructor_none(MemoryRegion *mr) { } static void memory_region_destructor_ram(MemoryRegion *mr) { qemu_ram_free(mr->uc, mr->ram_addr); } static void memory_region_destructor_alias(MemoryRegion *mr) { memory_region_unref(mr->alias); } static void memory_region_destructor_ram_from_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr) { qemu_ram_free_from_ptr(mr->uc, mr->ram_addr); } static bool memory_region_need_escape(char c) { return c == '/' || c == '[' || c == '\\' || c == ']'; } static char *memory_region_escape_name(const char *name) { const char *p; char *escaped, *q; uint8_t c; size_t bytes = 0; for (p = name; *p; p++) { bytes += memory_region_need_escape(*p) ? 4 : 1; } if (bytes == p - name) { return g_memdup(name, bytes + 1); } escaped = g_malloc(bytes + 1); for (p = name, q = escaped; *p; p++) { c = *p; if (unlikely(memory_region_need_escape(c))) { *q++ = '\\'; *q++ = 'x'; *q++ = "0123456789abcdef"[c >> 4]; c = "0123456789abcdef"[c & 15]; } *q++ = c; } *q = 0; return escaped; } void memory_region_init(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner, const char *name, uint64_t size) { if (!owner) { owner = qdev_get_machine(uc); uc->owner = owner; } object_initialize(uc, mr, sizeof(*mr), TYPE_MEMORY_REGION); mr->uc = uc; mr->size = int128_make64(size); if (size == UINT64_MAX) { mr->size = int128_2_64(); } mr->name = g_strdup(name); if (name) { char *escaped_name = memory_region_escape_name(name); char *name_array = g_strdup_printf("%s[*]", escaped_name); object_property_add_child(owner, name_array, OBJECT(mr), &error_abort); object_unref(uc, OBJECT(mr)); g_free(name_array); g_free(escaped_name); } } static void memory_region_get_addr(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque, const char *name, Error **errp) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); uint64_t value = mr->addr; visit_type_uint64(v, &value, name, errp); } static void memory_region_get_container(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque, const char *name, Error **errp) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); gchar *path = (gchar *)""; if (mr->container) { path = object_get_canonical_path(OBJECT(mr->container)); } visit_type_str(v, &path, name, errp); if (mr->container) { g_free(path); } } static Object *memory_region_resolve_container(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, void *opaque, const char *part) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); return OBJECT(mr->container); } static void memory_region_get_priority(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque, const char *name, Error **errp) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); int32_t value = mr->priority; visit_type_int32(v, &value, name, errp); } static bool memory_region_get_may_overlap(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, Error **errp) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); return mr->may_overlap; } static void memory_region_get_size(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque, const char *name, Error **errp) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); uint64_t value = memory_region_size(mr); visit_type_uint64(v, &value, name, errp); } static void memory_region_initfn(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, void *opaque) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); ObjectProperty *op; mr->ops = &unassigned_mem_ops; mr->enabled = true; mr->romd_mode = true; mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_none; QTAILQ_INIT(&mr->subregions); QTAILQ_INIT(&mr->coalesced); op = object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "container", "link<" TYPE_MEMORY_REGION ">", memory_region_get_container, NULL, /* memory_region_set_container */ NULL, NULL, &error_abort); op->resolve = memory_region_resolve_container; object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "addr", "uint64", memory_region_get_addr, NULL, /* memory_region_set_addr */ NULL, NULL, &error_abort); object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "priority", "uint32", memory_region_get_priority, NULL, /* memory_region_set_priority */ NULL, NULL, &error_abort); object_property_add_bool(mr->uc, OBJECT(mr), "may-overlap", memory_region_get_may_overlap, NULL, /* memory_region_set_may_overlap */ &error_abort); object_property_add(OBJECT(mr), "size", "uint64", memory_region_get_size, NULL, /* memory_region_set_size, */ NULL, NULL, &error_abort); } static uint64_t unassigned_mem_read(struct uc_struct* uc, hwaddr addr, unsigned size) { #ifdef DEBUG_UNASSIGNED printf("Unassigned mem read " TARGET_FMT_plx "\n", addr); #endif if (uc->current_cpu != NULL) { cpu_unassigned_access(uc->current_cpu, addr, false, false, 0, size); } return 0; } static void unassigned_mem_write(struct uc_struct* uc, hwaddr addr, uint64_t val, unsigned size) { #ifdef DEBUG_UNASSIGNED printf("Unassigned mem write " TARGET_FMT_plx " = 0x%"PRIx64"\n", addr, val); #endif if (uc->current_cpu != NULL) { cpu_unassigned_access(uc->current_cpu, addr, true, false, 0, size); } } static bool unassigned_mem_accepts(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size, bool is_write) { return false; } const MemoryRegionOps unassigned_mem_ops = { .valid.accepts = unassigned_mem_accepts, .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN, }; bool memory_region_access_valid(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, unsigned size, bool is_write) { int access_size_min, access_size_max; int access_size, i; if (!mr->ops->valid.unaligned && (addr & (size - 1))) { return false; } if (!mr->ops->valid.accepts) { return true; } access_size_min = mr->ops->valid.min_access_size; if (!mr->ops->valid.min_access_size) { access_size_min = 1; } access_size_max = mr->ops->valid.max_access_size; if (!mr->ops->valid.max_access_size) { access_size_max = 4; } access_size = MAX(MIN(size, access_size_max), access_size_min); for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) { if (!mr->ops->valid.accepts(mr->opaque, addr + i, access_size, is_write)) { return false; } } return true; } static uint64_t memory_region_dispatch_read1(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, unsigned size) { uint64_t data = 0; if (mr->ops->read) { access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, mr->ops->impl.min_access_size, mr->ops->impl.max_access_size, memory_region_read_accessor, mr); } else { access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, 1, 4, memory_region_oldmmio_read_accessor, mr); } return data; } static bool memory_region_dispatch_read(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *pval, unsigned size) { if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, addr, size, false)) { *pval = unassigned_mem_read(mr->uc, addr, size); return true; } *pval = memory_region_dispatch_read1(mr, addr, size); adjust_endianness(mr, pval, size); return false; } static bool memory_region_dispatch_write(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data, unsigned size) { if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, addr, size, true)) { unassigned_mem_write(mr->uc, addr, data, size); return true; } adjust_endianness(mr, &data, size); if (mr->ops->write) { access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, mr->ops->impl.min_access_size, mr->ops->impl.max_access_size, memory_region_write_accessor, mr); } else { access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, 1, 4, memory_region_oldmmio_write_accessor, mr); } return false; } void memory_region_init_io(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner, const MemoryRegionOps *ops, void *opaque, const char *name, uint64_t size) { memory_region_init(uc, mr, owner, name, size); mr->ops = ops; mr->opaque = opaque; mr->terminates = true; mr->ram_addr = ~(ram_addr_t)0; } void memory_region_init_ram(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner, const char *name, uint64_t size, uint32_t perms, Error **errp) { memory_region_init(uc, mr, owner, name, size); mr->ram = true; if (!(perms & UC_PROT_WRITE)) { mr->readonly = true; } mr->perms = perms; mr->terminates = true; mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram; mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr, errp); } void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner, const char *name, uint64_t size, void *ptr) { memory_region_init(uc, mr, owner, name, size); mr->ram = true; mr->terminates = true; mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram_from_ptr; /* qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr cannot fail with ptr != NULL. */ assert(ptr != NULL); mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr, &error_abort); } void memory_region_set_skip_dump(MemoryRegion *mr) { mr->skip_dump = true; } void memory_region_init_alias(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner, const char *name, MemoryRegion *orig, hwaddr offset, uint64_t size) { memory_region_init(uc, mr, owner, name, size); memory_region_ref(orig); mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_alias; mr->alias = orig; mr->alias_offset = offset; } void memory_region_init_reservation(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner, const char *name, uint64_t size) { memory_region_init_io(uc, mr, owner, &unassigned_mem_ops, mr, name, size); } static void memory_region_finalize(struct uc_struct *uc, Object *obj, void *opaque) { MemoryRegion *mr = MEMORY_REGION(uc, obj); assert(QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->subregions)); // assert(memory_region_transaction_depth == 0); mr->destructor(mr); memory_region_clear_coalescing(mr); g_free((char *)mr->name); g_free(mr->ioeventfds); } void memory_region_ref(MemoryRegion *mr) { /* MMIO callbacks most likely will access data that belongs * to the owner, hence the need to ref/unref the owner whenever * the memory region is in use. * * The memory region is a child of its owner. As long as the * owner doesn't call unparent itself on the memory region, * ref-ing the owner will also keep the memory region alive. * Memory regions without an owner are supposed to never go away, * but we still ref/unref them for debugging purposes. */ Object *obj = OBJECT(mr); if (obj && obj->parent) { object_ref(obj->parent); } else { object_ref(obj); } } void memory_region_unref(MemoryRegion *mr) { Object *obj = OBJECT(mr); if (obj && obj->parent) { object_unref(mr->uc, obj->parent); } else { object_unref(mr->uc, obj); } } uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr) { if (int128_eq(mr->size, int128_2_64())) { return UINT64_MAX; } return int128_get64(mr->size); } const char *memory_region_name(const MemoryRegion *mr) { if (!mr->name) { ((MemoryRegion *)mr)->name = object_get_canonical_path_component(OBJECT(mr)); } return mr->name; } bool memory_region_is_ram(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->ram; } bool memory_region_is_skip_dump(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->skip_dump; } bool memory_region_is_logging(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->dirty_log_mask; } bool memory_region_is_rom(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->ram && mr->readonly; } bool memory_region_is_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->iommu_ops; } void memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(MemoryRegion *mr, Notifier *n) { //notifier_list_add(&mr->iommu_notify, n); } void memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(Notifier *n) { //notifier_remove(n); } void memory_region_notify_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr, IOMMUTLBEntry entry) { assert(memory_region_is_iommu(mr)); //notifier_list_notify(&mr->iommu_notify, &entry); } void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly) { if (mr->readonly != readonly) { memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); mr->readonly = readonly; if (readonly) { mr->perms &= ~UC_PROT_WRITE; } else { mr->perms |= UC_PROT_WRITE; } mr->uc->memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } } void memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(MemoryRegion *mr, bool romd_mode) { if (mr->romd_mode != romd_mode) { memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); mr->romd_mode = romd_mode; mr->uc->memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } } int memory_region_get_fd(MemoryRegion *mr) { if (mr->alias) { return memory_region_get_fd(mr->alias); } assert(mr->terminates); return qemu_get_ram_fd(mr->uc, mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK); } void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr) { if (mr->alias) { return memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mr->alias) + mr->alias_offset; } assert(mr->terminates); return qemu_get_ram_ptr(mr->uc, mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK); } static void memory_region_update_coalesced_range_as(MemoryRegion *mr, AddressSpace *as) { FlatView *view; FlatRange *fr; CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr; AddrRange tmp; MemoryRegionSection section; struct uc_struct *uc = mr->uc; view = address_space_get_flatview(as); FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) { if (fr->mr == mr) { section = (MemoryRegionSection) { .address_space = as, .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fr->addr.start), .size = fr->addr.size, }; MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(coalesced_mmio_del, Reverse, §ion, int128_get64(fr->addr.start), int128_get64(fr->addr.size)); QTAILQ_FOREACH(cmr, &mr->coalesced, link) { tmp = addrrange_shift(cmr->addr, int128_sub(fr->addr.start, int128_make64(fr->offset_in_region))); if (!addrrange_intersects(tmp, fr->addr)) { continue; } tmp = addrrange_intersection(tmp, fr->addr); MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(coalesced_mmio_add, Forward, §ion, int128_get64(tmp.start), int128_get64(tmp.size)); } } } flatview_unref(view); } static void memory_region_update_coalesced_range(MemoryRegion *mr) { AddressSpace *as; QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &mr->uc->address_spaces, address_spaces_link) { memory_region_update_coalesced_range_as(mr, as); } } void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr) { CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr; bool updated = false; qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer(); mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = false; while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->coalesced)) { cmr = QTAILQ_FIRST(&mr->coalesced); QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mr->coalesced, cmr, link); g_free(cmr); updated = true; } if (updated) { memory_region_update_coalesced_range(mr); } } void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, unsigned size, bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e) { MemoryRegionIoeventfd mrfd = { .addr.start = int128_make64(addr), .addr.size = int128_make64(size), .match_data = match_data, .data = data, .e = e, }; unsigned i; adjust_endianness(mr, &mrfd.data, size); memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); for (i = 0; i < mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) { if (memory_region_ioeventfd_before(mrfd, mr->ioeventfds[i])) { break; } } ++mr->ioeventfd_nb; mr->ioeventfds = g_realloc(mr->ioeventfds, sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * mr->ioeventfd_nb); memmove(&mr->ioeventfds[i+1], &mr->ioeventfds[i], sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * (mr->ioeventfd_nb-1 - i)); mr->ioeventfds[i] = mrfd; mr->uc->ioeventfd_update_pending |= mr->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, unsigned size, bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e) { MemoryRegionIoeventfd mrfd = { .addr.start = int128_make64(addr), .addr.size = int128_make64(size), .match_data = match_data, .data = data, .e = e, }; unsigned i; adjust_endianness(mr, &mrfd.data, size); memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); for (i = 0; i < mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) { if (memory_region_ioeventfd_equal(mrfd, mr->ioeventfds[i])) { break; } } assert(i != mr->ioeventfd_nb); memmove(&mr->ioeventfds[i], &mr->ioeventfds[i+1], sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * (mr->ioeventfd_nb - (i+1))); --mr->ioeventfd_nb; mr->ioeventfds = g_realloc(mr->ioeventfds, sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds)*mr->ioeventfd_nb + 1); mr->uc->ioeventfd_update_pending |= mr->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } static void memory_region_update_container_subregions(MemoryRegion *subregion) { hwaddr offset = subregion->addr; MemoryRegion *mr = subregion->container; MemoryRegion *other; memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); memory_region_ref(subregion); QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) { if (subregion->may_overlap || other->may_overlap) { continue; } if (int128_ge(int128_make64(offset), int128_add(int128_make64(other->addr), other->size)) || int128_le(int128_add(int128_make64(offset), subregion->size), int128_make64(other->addr))) { continue; } #if 0 printf("warning: subregion collision %llx/%llx (%s) " "vs %llx/%llx (%s)\n", (unsigned long long)offset, (unsigned long long)int128_get64(subregion->size), subregion->name, (unsigned long long)other->addr, (unsigned long long)int128_get64(other->size), other->name); #endif } QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) { if (subregion->priority >= other->priority) { QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(other, subregion, subregions_link); goto done; } } QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mr->subregions, subregion, subregions_link); done: mr->uc->memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled && subregion->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } static void memory_region_add_subregion_common(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr offset, MemoryRegion *subregion) { assert(!subregion->container); subregion->container = mr; subregion->addr = offset; subregion->end = offset + int128_get64(subregion->size); memory_region_update_container_subregions(subregion); } void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr offset, MemoryRegion *subregion) { subregion->may_overlap = false; subregion->priority = 0; memory_region_add_subregion_common(mr, offset, subregion); } void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr offset, MemoryRegion *subregion, int priority) { subregion->may_overlap = true; subregion->priority = priority; memory_region_add_subregion_common(mr, offset, subregion); } void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr, MemoryRegion *subregion) { memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); assert(subregion->container == mr); subregion->container = NULL; QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mr->subregions, subregion, subregions_link); memory_region_unref(subregion); mr->uc->memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled && subregion->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } void memory_region_set_enabled(MemoryRegion *mr, bool enabled) { if (enabled == mr->enabled) { return; } memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); mr->enabled = enabled; mr->uc->memory_region_update_pending = true; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } static void memory_region_readd_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr) { MemoryRegion *container = mr->container; if (container) { memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); memory_region_ref(mr); memory_region_del_subregion(container, mr); mr->container = container; memory_region_update_container_subregions(mr); memory_region_unref(mr); memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } } void memory_region_set_address(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr) { if (addr != mr->addr) { mr->addr = addr; memory_region_readd_subregion(mr); } } void memory_region_set_alias_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr offset) { assert(mr->alias); if (offset == mr->alias_offset) { return; } memory_region_transaction_begin(mr->uc); mr->alias_offset = offset; mr->uc->memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(mr->uc); } ram_addr_t memory_region_get_ram_addr(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->ram_addr; } uint64_t memory_region_get_alignment(const MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->align; } static int cmp_flatrange_addr(const void *addr_, const void *fr_) { const AddrRange *addr = addr_; const FlatRange *fr = fr_; if (int128_le(addrrange_end(*addr), fr->addr.start)) { return -1; } else if (int128_ge(addr->start, addrrange_end(fr->addr))) { return 1; } return 0; } static FlatRange *flatview_lookup(FlatView *view, AddrRange addr) { return bsearch(&addr, view->ranges, view->nr, sizeof(FlatRange), cmp_flatrange_addr); } bool memory_region_present(MemoryRegion *container, hwaddr addr) { MemoryRegion *mr = memory_region_find(container, addr, 1).mr; if (!mr || (mr == container)) { return false; } memory_region_unref(mr); return true; } bool memory_region_is_mapped(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->container ? true : false; } MemoryRegionSection memory_region_find(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t size) { MemoryRegionSection ret = { .mr = NULL }; MemoryRegion *root; AddressSpace *as; AddrRange range; FlatView *view; FlatRange *fr; addr += mr->addr; for (root = mr; root->container; ) { root = root->container; addr += root->addr; } as = memory_region_to_address_space(root); if (!as) { return ret; } range = addrrange_make(int128_make64(addr), int128_make64(size)); view = address_space_get_flatview(as); fr = flatview_lookup(view, range); if (!fr) { flatview_unref(view); return ret; } while (fr > view->ranges && addrrange_intersects(fr[-1].addr, range)) { --fr; } ret.mr = fr->mr; ret.address_space = as; range = addrrange_intersection(range, fr->addr); ret.offset_within_region = fr->offset_in_region; ret.offset_within_region += int128_get64(int128_sub(range.start, fr->addr.start)); ret.size = range.size; ret.offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(range.start); ret.readonly = fr->readonly; memory_region_ref(ret.mr); flatview_unref(view); return ret; } static void listener_add_address_space(MemoryListener *listener, AddressSpace *as) { FlatView *view; FlatRange *fr; if (listener->address_space_filter && listener->address_space_filter != as) { return; } if (listener->address_space_filter->uc->global_dirty_log) { if (listener->log_global_start) { listener->log_global_start(listener); } } view = address_space_get_flatview(as); FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) { MemoryRegionSection section = { .mr = fr->mr, .address_space = as, .offset_within_region = fr->offset_in_region, .size = fr->addr.size, .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fr->addr.start), .readonly = fr->readonly, }; if (listener->region_add) { listener->region_add(listener, §ion); } } flatview_unref(view); } void memory_listener_register(struct uc_struct* uc, MemoryListener *listener, AddressSpace *filter) { MemoryListener *other = NULL; AddressSpace *as; listener->address_space_filter = filter; if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&uc->memory_listeners) || listener->priority >= QTAILQ_LAST(&uc->memory_listeners, memory_listeners)->priority) { QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&uc->memory_listeners, listener, link); } else { QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &uc->memory_listeners, link) { if (listener->priority < other->priority) { break; } } QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(other, listener, link); } QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &uc->address_spaces, address_spaces_link) { listener_add_address_space(listener, as); } } void memory_listener_unregister(struct uc_struct *uc, MemoryListener *listener) { QTAILQ_REMOVE(&uc->memory_listeners, listener, link); } void address_space_init(struct uc_struct *uc, AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegion *root, const char *name) { if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&uc->address_spaces)) { memory_init(uc); } memory_region_transaction_begin(uc); as->uc = uc; as->root = root; as->current_map = g_new(FlatView, 1); flatview_init(as->current_map); as->ioeventfd_nb = 0; as->ioeventfds = NULL; QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&uc->address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link); as->name = g_strdup(name ? name : "anonymous"); address_space_init_dispatch(as); uc->memory_region_update_pending |= root->enabled; memory_region_transaction_commit(uc); } void address_space_destroy(AddressSpace *as) { MemoryListener *listener; /* Flush out anything from MemoryListeners listening in on this */ memory_region_transaction_begin(as->uc); as->root = NULL; memory_region_transaction_commit(as->uc); QTAILQ_REMOVE(&as->uc->address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link); address_space_unregister(as); address_space_destroy_dispatch(as); // TODO(danghvu): why assert fail here? QTAILQ_FOREACH(listener, &as->uc->memory_listeners, link) { // assert(listener->address_space_filter != as); } flatview_unref(as->current_map); g_free(as->name); g_free(as->ioeventfds); } bool io_mem_read(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *pval, unsigned size) { return memory_region_dispatch_read(mr, addr, pval, size); } bool io_mem_write(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t val, unsigned size) { return memory_region_dispatch_write(mr, addr, val, size); } typedef struct MemoryRegionList MemoryRegionList; struct MemoryRegionList { const MemoryRegion *mr; QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegionList) queue; }; typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(queue, MemoryRegionList) MemoryRegionListHead; static const TypeInfo memory_region_info = { .parent = TYPE_OBJECT, .name = TYPE_MEMORY_REGION, .instance_size = sizeof(MemoryRegion), .instance_init = memory_region_initfn, .instance_finalize = memory_region_finalize, }; void memory_register_types(struct uc_struct *uc) { type_register_static(uc, &memory_region_info); }