/* * GAS like assembler for TCC * * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Fabrice Bellard * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */ #include "tcc.h" ST_FUNC int asm_get_local_label_name(TCCState *s1, unsigned int n) { char buf[64]; TokenSym *ts; snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "L..%u", n); ts = tok_alloc(buf, strlen(buf)); return ts->tok; } ST_FUNC void asm_expr(TCCState *s1, ExprValue *pe); /* We do not use the C expression parser to handle symbols. Maybe the C expression parser could be tweaked to do so. */ static void asm_expr_unary(TCCState *s1, ExprValue *pe) { Sym *sym; int op, n, label; const char *p; switch(tok) { case TOK_PPNUM: p = tokc.cstr->data; n = strtoul(p, (char **)&p, 0); if (*p == 'b' || *p == 'f') { /* backward or forward label */ label = asm_get_local_label_name(s1, n); sym = label_find(label); if (*p == 'b') { /* backward : find the last corresponding defined label */ if (sym && sym->r == 0) sym = sym->prev_tok; if (!sym) error("local label '%d' not found backward", n); } else { /* forward */ if (!sym || sym->r) { /* if the last label is defined, then define a new one */ sym = label_push(&s1->asm_labels, label, 0); sym->type.t = VT_STATIC | VT_VOID; } } pe->v = 0; pe->sym = sym; } else if (*p == '\0') { pe->v = n; pe->sym = NULL; } else { error("invalid number syntax"); } next(); break; case '+': next(); asm_expr_unary(s1, pe); break; case '-': case '~': op = tok; next(); asm_expr_unary(s1, pe); if (pe->sym) error("invalid operation with label"); if (op == '-') pe->v = -pe->v; else pe->v = ~pe->v; break; case TOK_CCHAR: case TOK_LCHAR: pe->v = tokc.i; pe->sym = NULL; next(); break; case '(': next(); asm_expr(s1, pe); skip(')'); break; default: if (tok >= TOK_IDENT) { /* label case : if the label was not found, add one */ sym = label_find(tok); if (!sym) { sym = label_push(&s1->asm_labels, tok, 0); /* NOTE: by default, the symbol is global */ sym->type.t = VT_VOID; } if (sym->r == SHN_ABS) { /* if absolute symbol, no need to put a symbol value */ pe->v = sym->jnext; pe->sym = NULL; } else { pe->v = 0; pe->sym = sym; } next(); } else { error("bad expression syntax [%s]", get_tok_str(tok, &tokc)); } break; } } static void asm_expr_prod(TCCState *s1, ExprValue *pe) { int op; ExprValue e2; asm_expr_unary(s1, pe); for(;;) { op = tok; if (op != '*' && op != '/' && op != '%' && op != TOK_SHL && op != TOK_SAR) break; next(); asm_expr_unary(s1, &e2); if (pe->sym || e2.sym) error("invalid operation with label"); switch(op) { case '*': pe->v *= e2.v; break; case '/': if (e2.v == 0) { div_error: error("division by zero"); } pe->v /= e2.v; break; case '%': if (e2.v == 0) goto div_error; pe->v %= e2.v; break; case TOK_SHL: pe->v <<= e2.v; break; default: case TOK_SAR: pe->v >>= e2.v; break; } } } static void asm_expr_logic(TCCState *s1, ExprValue *pe) { int op; ExprValue e2; asm_expr_prod(s1, pe); for(;;) { op = tok; if (op != '&' && op != '|' && op != '^') break; next(); asm_expr_prod(s1, &e2); if (pe->sym || e2.sym) error("invalid operation with label"); switch(op) { case '&': pe->v &= e2.v; break; case '|': pe->v |= e2.v; break; default: case '^': pe->v ^= e2.v; break; } } } static inline void asm_expr_sum(TCCState *s1, ExprValue *pe) { int op; ExprValue e2; asm_expr_logic(s1, pe); for(;;) { op = tok; if (op != '+' && op != '-') break; next(); asm_expr_logic(s1, &e2); if (op == '+') { if (pe->sym != NULL && e2.sym != NULL) goto cannot_relocate; pe->v += e2.v; if (pe->sym == NULL && e2.sym != NULL) pe->sym = e2.sym; } else { pe->v -= e2.v; /* NOTE: we are less powerful than gas in that case because we store only one symbol in the expression */ if (!pe->sym && !e2.sym) { /* OK */ } else if (pe->sym && !e2.sym) { /* OK */ } else if (pe->sym && e2.sym) { if (pe->sym == e2.sym) { /* OK */ } else if (pe->sym->r == e2.sym->r && pe->sym->r != 0) { /* we also accept defined symbols in the same section */ pe->v += pe->sym->jnext - e2.sym->jnext; } else { goto cannot_relocate; } pe->sym = NULL; /* same symbols can be substracted to NULL */ } else { cannot_relocate: error("invalid operation with label"); } } } } ST_FUNC void asm_expr(TCCState *s1, ExprValue *pe) { asm_expr_sum(s1, pe); } ST_FUNC int asm_int_expr(TCCState *s1) { ExprValue e; asm_expr(s1, &e); if (e.sym) expect("constant"); return e.v; } /* NOTE: the same name space as C labels is used to avoid using too much memory when storing labels in TokenStrings */ static void asm_new_label1(TCCState *s1, int label, int is_local, int sh_num, int value) { Sym *sym; sym = label_find(label); if (sym) { if (sym->r) { /* the label is already defined */ if (!is_local) { error("assembler label '%s' already defined", get_tok_str(label, NULL)); } else { /* redefinition of local labels is possible */ goto new_label; } } } else { new_label: sym = label_push(&s1->asm_labels, label, 0); sym->type.t = VT_STATIC | VT_VOID; } sym->r = sh_num; sym->jnext = value; } static void asm_new_label(TCCState *s1, int label, int is_local) { asm_new_label1(s1, label, is_local, cur_text_section->sh_num, ind); } static void asm_free_labels(TCCState *st) { Sym *s, *s1; Section *sec; for(s = st->asm_labels; s != NULL; s = s1) { s1 = s->prev; /* define symbol value in object file */ if (s->r) { if (s->r == SHN_ABS) sec = SECTION_ABS; else sec = st->sections[s->r]; put_extern_sym2(s, sec, s->jnext, 0, 0); } /* remove label */ table_ident[s->v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_label = NULL; sym_free(s); } st->asm_labels = NULL; } static void use_section1(TCCState *s1, Section *sec) { cur_text_section->data_offset = ind; cur_text_section = sec; ind = cur_text_section->data_offset; } static void use_section(TCCState *s1, const char *name) { Section *sec; sec = find_section(s1, name); use_section1(s1, sec); } static void asm_parse_directive(TCCState *s1) { int n, offset, v, size, tok1; Section *sec; uint8_t *ptr; /* assembler directive */ next(); sec = cur_text_section; switch(tok) { case TOK_ASM_align: case TOK_ASM_skip: case TOK_ASM_space: tok1 = tok; next(); n = asm_int_expr(s1); if (tok1 == TOK_ASM_align) { if (n < 0 || (n & (n-1)) != 0) error("alignment must be a positive power of two"); offset = (ind + n - 1) & -n; size = offset - ind; /* the section must have a compatible alignment */ if (sec->sh_addralign < n) sec->sh_addralign = n; } else { size = n; } v = 0; if (tok == ',') { next(); v = asm_int_expr(s1); } zero_pad: if (sec->sh_type != SHT_NOBITS) { sec->data_offset = ind; ptr = section_ptr_add(sec, size); memset(ptr, v, size); } ind += size; break; case TOK_ASM_quad: next(); for(;;) { uint64_t vl; const char *p; p = tokc.cstr->data; if (tok != TOK_PPNUM) { error_constant: error("64 bit constant"); } vl = strtoll(p, (char **)&p, 0); if (*p != '\0') goto error_constant; next(); if (sec->sh_type != SHT_NOBITS) { /* XXX: endianness */ gen_le32(vl); gen_le32(vl >> 32); } else { ind += 8; } if (tok != ',') break; next(); } break; case TOK_ASM_byte: size = 1; goto asm_data; case TOK_ASM_word: case TOK_SHORT: size = 2; goto asm_data; case TOK_LONG: case TOK_INT: size = 4; asm_data: next(); for(;;) { ExprValue e; asm_expr(s1, &e); if (sec->sh_type != SHT_NOBITS) { if (size == 4) { gen_expr32(&e); } else { if (e.sym) expect("constant"); if (size == 1) g(e.v); else gen_le16(e.v); } } else { ind += size; } if (tok != ',') break; next(); } break; case TOK_ASM_fill: { int repeat, size, val, i, j; uint8_t repeat_buf[8]; next(); repeat = asm_int_expr(s1); if (repeat < 0) { error("repeat < 0; .fill ignored"); break; } size = 1; val = 0; if (tok == ',') { next(); size = asm_int_expr(s1); if (size < 0) { error("size < 0; .fill ignored"); break; } if (size > 8) size = 8; if (tok == ',') { next(); val = asm_int_expr(s1); } } /* XXX: endianness */ repeat_buf[0] = val; repeat_buf[1] = val >> 8; repeat_buf[2] = val >> 16; repeat_buf[3] = val >> 24; repeat_buf[4] = 0; repeat_buf[5] = 0; repeat_buf[6] = 0; repeat_buf[7] = 0; for(i = 0; i < repeat; i++) { for(j = 0; j < size; j++) { g(repeat_buf[j]); } } } break; case TOK_ASM_org: { unsigned long n; next(); /* XXX: handle section symbols too */ n = asm_int_expr(s1); if (n < ind) error("attempt to .org backwards"); v = 0; size = n - ind; goto zero_pad; } break; case TOK_ASM_globl: case TOK_ASM_global: { Sym *sym; next(); sym = label_find(tok); if (!sym) { sym = label_push(&s1->asm_labels, tok, 0); sym->type.t = VT_VOID; } sym->type.t &= ~VT_STATIC; next(); } break; case TOK_ASM_string: case TOK_ASM_ascii: case TOK_ASM_asciz: { const uint8_t *p; int i, size, t; t = tok; next(); for(;;) { if (tok != TOK_STR) expect("string constant"); p = tokc.cstr->data; size = tokc.cstr->size; if (t == TOK_ASM_ascii && size > 0) size--; for(i = 0; i < size; i++) g(p[i]); next(); if (tok == ',') { next(); } else if (tok != TOK_STR) { break; } } } break; case TOK_ASM_text: case TOK_ASM_data: case TOK_ASM_bss: { char sname[64]; tok1 = tok; n = 0; next(); if (tok != ';' && tok != TOK_LINEFEED) { n = asm_int_expr(s1); next(); } sprintf(sname, (n?".%s%d":".%s"), get_tok_str(tok1, NULL), n); use_section(s1, sname); } break; case TOK_SECTION1: { char sname[256]; /* XXX: support more options */ next(); sname[0] = '\0'; while (tok != ';' && tok != TOK_LINEFEED && tok != ',') { if (tok == TOK_STR) pstrcat(sname, sizeof(sname), tokc.cstr->data); else pstrcat(sname, sizeof(sname), get_tok_str(tok, NULL)); next(); } if (tok == ',') { /* skip section options */ next(); if (tok != TOK_STR) expect("string constant"); next(); } last_text_section = cur_text_section; use_section(s1, sname); } break; case TOK_ASM_previous: { Section *sec; next(); if (!last_text_section) error("no previous section referenced"); sec = cur_text_section; use_section1(s1, last_text_section); last_text_section = sec; } break; #ifdef TCC_TARGET_I386 case TOK_ASM_code16: { next(); s1->seg_size = 16; } break; case TOK_ASM_code32: { next(); s1->seg_size = 32; } break; #endif #ifdef TCC_TARGET_X86_64 /* added for compatibility with GAS */ case TOK_ASM_code64: next(); break; #endif default: error("unknown assembler directive '.%s'", get_tok_str(tok, NULL)); break; } } /* assemble a file */ static int tcc_assemble_internal(TCCState *s1, int do_preprocess) { int opcode; #if 0 /* print stats about opcodes */ { const ASMInstr *pa; int freq[4]; int op_vals[500]; int nb_op_vals, i, j; nb_op_vals = 0; memset(freq, 0, sizeof(freq)); for(pa = asm_instrs; pa->sym != 0; pa++) { freq[pa->nb_ops]++; for(i=0;inb_ops;i++) { for(j=0;jop_type[i] == op_vals[j]) goto found; } op_vals[nb_op_vals++] = pa->op_type[i]; found: ; } } for(i=0;ibuf_ptr[0]; tok_flags = TOK_FLAG_BOL | TOK_FLAG_BOF; parse_flags = PARSE_FLAG_ASM_COMMENTS; if (do_preprocess) parse_flags |= PARSE_FLAG_PREPROCESS; next(); for(;;) { if (tok == TOK_EOF) break; parse_flags |= PARSE_FLAG_LINEFEED; /* XXX: suppress that hack */ redo: if (tok == '#') { /* horrible gas comment */ while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED) next(); } else if (tok == '.') { asm_parse_directive(s1); } else if (tok == TOK_PPNUM) { const char *p; int n; p = tokc.cstr->data; n = strtoul(p, (char **)&p, 10); if (*p != '\0') expect("':'"); /* new local label */ asm_new_label(s1, asm_get_local_label_name(s1, n), 1); next(); skip(':'); goto redo; } else if (tok >= TOK_IDENT) { /* instruction or label */ opcode = tok; next(); if (tok == ':') { /* new label */ asm_new_label(s1, opcode, 0); next(); goto redo; } else if (tok == '=') { int n; next(); n = asm_int_expr(s1); asm_new_label1(s1, opcode, 0, SHN_ABS, n); goto redo; } else { asm_opcode(s1, opcode); } } /* end of line */ if (tok != ';' && tok != TOK_LINEFEED){ expect("end of line"); } parse_flags &= ~PARSE_FLAG_LINEFEED; /* XXX: suppress that hack */ next(); } asm_free_labels(s1); return 0; } /* Assemble the current file */ ST_FUNC int tcc_assemble(TCCState *s1, int do_preprocess) { Sym *define_start; int ret; preprocess_init(s1); /* default section is text */ cur_text_section = text_section; ind = cur_text_section->data_offset; define_start = define_stack; /* an elf symbol of type STT_FILE must be put so that STB_LOCAL symbols can be safely used */ put_elf_sym(symtab_section, 0, 0, ELFW(ST_INFO)(STB_LOCAL, STT_FILE), 0, SHN_ABS, file->filename); ret = tcc_assemble_internal(s1, do_preprocess); cur_text_section->data_offset = ind; free_defines(define_start); return ret; } /********************************************************************/ /* GCC inline asm support */ /* assemble the string 'str' in the current C compilation unit without C preprocessing. NOTE: str is modified by modifying the '\0' at the end */ static void tcc_assemble_inline(TCCState *s1, char *str, int len) { BufferedFile *bf, *saved_file; int saved_parse_flags, *saved_macro_ptr; bf = tcc_malloc(sizeof(BufferedFile)); memset(bf, 0, sizeof(BufferedFile)); bf->fd = -1; bf->buf_ptr = str; bf->buf_end = str + len; str[len] = CH_EOB; /* same name as current file so that errors are correctly reported */ pstrcpy(bf->filename, sizeof(bf->filename), file->filename); bf->line_num = file->line_num; saved_file = file; file = bf; saved_parse_flags = parse_flags; saved_macro_ptr = macro_ptr; macro_ptr = NULL; tcc_assemble_internal(s1, 0); parse_flags = saved_parse_flags; macro_ptr = saved_macro_ptr; file = saved_file; tcc_free(bf); } /* find a constraint by its number or id (gcc 3 extended syntax). return -1 if not found. Return in *pp in char after the constraint */ ST_FUNC int find_constraint(ASMOperand *operands, int nb_operands, const char *name, const char **pp) { int index; TokenSym *ts; const char *p; if (isnum(*name)) { index = 0; while (isnum(*name)) { index = (index * 10) + (*name) - '0'; name++; } if ((unsigned)index >= nb_operands) index = -1; } else if (*name == '[') { name++; p = strchr(name, ']'); if (p) { ts = tok_alloc(name, p - name); for(index = 0; index < nb_operands; index++) { if (operands[index].id == ts->tok) goto found; } index = -1; found: name = p + 1; } else { index = -1; } } else { index = -1; } if (pp) *pp = name; return index; } static void subst_asm_operands(ASMOperand *operands, int nb_operands, int nb_outputs, CString *out_str, CString *in_str) { int c, index, modifier; const char *str; ASMOperand *op; SValue sv; cstr_new(out_str); str = in_str->data; for(;;) { c = *str++; if (c == '%') { if (*str == '%') { str++; goto add_char; } modifier = 0; if (*str == 'c' || *str == 'n' || *str == 'b' || *str == 'w' || *str == 'h') modifier = *str++; index = find_constraint(operands, nb_operands, str, &str); if (index < 0) error("invalid operand reference after %%"); op = &operands[index]; sv = *op->vt; if (op->reg >= 0) { sv.r = op->reg; if ((op->vt->r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LLOCAL && op->is_memory) sv.r |= VT_LVAL; } subst_asm_operand(out_str, &sv, modifier); } else { add_char: cstr_ccat(out_str, c); if (c == '\0') break; } } } static void parse_asm_operands(ASMOperand *operands, int *nb_operands_ptr, int is_output) { ASMOperand *op; int nb_operands; if (tok != ':') { nb_operands = *nb_operands_ptr; for(;;) { if (nb_operands >= MAX_ASM_OPERANDS) error("too many asm operands"); op = &operands[nb_operands++]; op->id = 0; if (tok == '[') { next(); if (tok < TOK_IDENT) expect("identifier"); op->id = tok; next(); skip(']'); } if (tok != TOK_STR) expect("string constant"); op->constraint = tcc_malloc(tokc.cstr->size); strcpy(op->constraint, tokc.cstr->data); next(); skip('('); gexpr(); if (is_output) { test_lvalue(); } else { /* we want to avoid LLOCAL case, except when the 'm' constraint is used. Note that it may come from register storage, so we need to convert (reg) case */ if ((vtop->r & VT_LVAL) && ((vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LLOCAL || (vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) < VT_CONST) && !strchr(op->constraint, 'm')) { gv(RC_INT); } } op->vt = vtop; skip(')'); if (tok == ',') { next(); } else { break; } } *nb_operands_ptr = nb_operands; } } static void parse_asm_str(CString *astr) { skip('('); /* read the string */ if (tok != TOK_STR) expect("string constant"); cstr_new(astr); while (tok == TOK_STR) { /* XXX: add \0 handling too ? */ cstr_cat(astr, tokc.cstr->data); next(); } cstr_ccat(astr, '\0'); } /* parse the GCC asm() instruction */ ST_FUNC void asm_instr(void) { CString astr, astr1; ASMOperand operands[MAX_ASM_OPERANDS]; int nb_inputs, nb_outputs, nb_operands, i, must_subst, out_reg; uint8_t clobber_regs[NB_ASM_REGS]; next(); /* since we always generate the asm() instruction, we can ignore volatile */ if (tok == TOK_VOLATILE1 || tok == TOK_VOLATILE2 || tok == TOK_VOLATILE3) { next(); } parse_asm_str(&astr); nb_operands = 0; nb_outputs = 0; must_subst = 0; memset(clobber_regs, 0, sizeof(clobber_regs)); if (tok == ':') { next(); must_subst = 1; /* output args */ parse_asm_operands(operands, &nb_operands, 1); nb_outputs = nb_operands; if (tok == ':') { next(); if (tok != ')') { /* input args */ parse_asm_operands(operands, &nb_operands, 0); if (tok == ':') { /* clobber list */ /* XXX: handle registers */ next(); for(;;) { if (tok != TOK_STR) expect("string constant"); asm_clobber(clobber_regs, tokc.cstr->data); next(); if (tok == ',') { next(); } else { break; } } } } } } skip(')'); /* NOTE: we do not eat the ';' so that we can restore the current token after the assembler parsing */ if (tok != ';') expect("';'"); nb_inputs = nb_operands - nb_outputs; /* save all values in the memory */ save_regs(0); /* compute constraints */ asm_compute_constraints(operands, nb_operands, nb_outputs, clobber_regs, &out_reg); /* substitute the operands in the asm string. No substitution is done if no operands (GCC behaviour) */ #ifdef ASM_DEBUG printf("asm: \"%s\"\n", (char *)astr.data); #endif if (must_subst) { subst_asm_operands(operands, nb_operands, nb_outputs, &astr1, &astr); cstr_free(&astr); } else { astr1 = astr; } #ifdef ASM_DEBUG printf("subst_asm: \"%s\"\n", (char *)astr1.data); #endif /* generate loads */ asm_gen_code(operands, nb_operands, nb_outputs, 0, clobber_regs, out_reg); /* assemble the string with tcc internal assembler */ tcc_assemble_inline(tcc_state, astr1.data, astr1.size - 1); /* restore the current C token */ next(); /* store the output values if needed */ asm_gen_code(operands, nb_operands, nb_outputs, 1, clobber_regs, out_reg); /* free everything */ for(i=0;iconstraint); vpop(); } cstr_free(&astr1); } ST_FUNC void asm_global_instr(void) { CString astr; next(); parse_asm_str(&astr); skip(')'); /* NOTE: we do not eat the ';' so that we can restore the current token after the assembler parsing */ if (tok != ';') expect("';'"); #ifdef ASM_DEBUG printf("asm_global: \"%s\"\n", (char *)astr.data); #endif cur_text_section = text_section; ind = cur_text_section->data_offset; /* assemble the string with tcc internal assembler */ tcc_assemble_inline(tcc_state, astr.data, astr.size - 1); cur_text_section->data_offset = ind; /* restore the current C token */ next(); cstr_free(&astr); }