tinycc/tcc.c

/*
 *  TCC - Tiny C Compiler
 * 
 *  Copyright (c) 2001, 2002 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#ifdef WIN32
#include <sys/timeb.h>
#endif
#ifndef WIN32
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/ucontext.h>
#endif
#include "elf.h"
#include "stab.h"
#ifndef CONFIG_TCC_STATIC
#include <dlfcn.h>
#endif

#include "libtcc.h"

/* parser debug */
//#define PARSE_DEBUG
/* preprocessor debug */
//#define PP_DEBUG
/* include file debug */
//#define INC_DEBUG

//#define MEM_DEBUG

/* target selection */
//#define TCC_TARGET_I386   /* i386 code generator */
//#define TCC_TARGET_IL     /* .NET CLI generator */

/* default target is I386 */
#if !defined(TCC_TARGET_I386) && !defined(TCC_TARGET_IL)
#define TCC_TARGET_I386
#endif

#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(TCC_UCLIBC) && !defined(TCC_TARGET_IL)
#define CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK /* enable bound checking code */
#endif

#ifndef CONFIG_TCC_PREFIX
#define CONFIG_TCC_PREFIX "/usr/local"
#endif

/* path to find crt1.o, crti.o and crtn.o. Only needed when generating
   executables or dlls */
#define CONFIG_TCC_CRT_PREFIX "/usr/lib"

#define INCLUDE_STACK_SIZE  32
#define IFDEF_STACK_SIZE    64
#define VSTACK_SIZE         64
#define STRING_MAX_SIZE     1024

#define TOK_HASH_SIZE       2048 /* must be a power of two */
#define TOK_ALLOC_INCR      512  /* must be a power of two */
#define TOK_STR_ALLOC_INCR_BITS 6
#define TOK_STR_ALLOC_INCR (1 << TOK_STR_ALLOC_INCR_BITS)
#define TOK_MAX_SIZE        4 /* token max size in int unit when stored in string */

/* token symbol management */
typedef struct TokenSym {
    struct TokenSym *hash_next;
    struct Sym *sym_define; /* direct pointer to define */
    struct Sym *sym_label; /* direct pointer to label */
    struct Sym *sym_struct; /* direct pointer to structure */
    struct Sym *sym_identifier; /* direct pointer to identifier */
    int tok; /* token number */
    int len;
    char str[1];
} TokenSym;

typedef struct CString {
    int size; /* size in bytes */
    void *data; /* either 'char *' or 'int *' */
    int size_allocated;
    void *data_allocated; /* if non NULL, data has been malloced */
} CString;

/* type definition */
typedef struct CType {
    int t;
    struct Sym *ref;
} CType;

/* constant value */
typedef union CValue {
    long double ld;
    double d;
    float f;
    int i;
    unsigned int ui;
    unsigned int ul; /* address (should be unsigned long on 64 bit cpu) */
    long long ll;
    unsigned long long ull;
    struct CString *cstr;
    void *ptr;
    int tab[1];
} CValue;

/* value on stack */
typedef struct SValue {
    CType type;      /* type */
    unsigned short r;      /* register + flags */
    unsigned short r2;     /* second register, used for 'long long'
                              type. If not used, set to VT_CONST */
    CValue c;              /* constant, if VT_CONST */
    struct Sym *sym;       /* symbol, if (VT_SYM | VT_CONST) */
} SValue;

/* symbol management */
typedef struct Sym {
    int v;    /* symbol token */
    int r;    /* associated register */
    int c;    /* associated number */
    CType type;    /* associated type */
    struct Sym *next; /* next related symbol */
    struct Sym *prev; /* prev symbol in stack */
    struct Sym *prev_tok; /* previous symbol for this token */
} Sym;

/* section definition */
/* XXX: use directly ELF structure for parameters ? */
/* special flag to indicate that the section should not be linked to
   the other ones */
#define SHF_PRIVATE 0x80000000

typedef struct Section {
    unsigned long data_offset; /* current data offset */
    unsigned char *data;       /* section data */
    unsigned long data_allocated; /* used for realloc() handling */
    int sh_name;             /* elf section name (only used during output) */
    int sh_num;              /* elf section number */
    int sh_type;             /* elf section type */
    int sh_flags;            /* elf section flags */
    int sh_info;             /* elf section info */
    int sh_addralign;        /* elf section alignment */
    int sh_entsize;          /* elf entry size */
    unsigned long sh_size;   /* section size (only used during output) */
    unsigned long sh_addr;      /* address at which the section is relocated */
    unsigned long sh_offset;      /* address at which the section is relocated */
    int nb_hashed_syms;      /* used to resize the hash table */
    struct Section *link;    /* link to another section */
    struct Section *reloc;   /* corresponding section for relocation, if any */
    struct Section *hash;     /* hash table for symbols */
    struct Section *next;
    char name[64];           /* section name */
} Section;

typedef struct DLLReference {
    int level;
    char name[1];
} DLLReference;

/* GNUC attribute definition */
typedef struct AttributeDef {
    int aligned;
    Section *section;
    unsigned char func_call; /* FUNC_CDECL or FUNC_STDCALL */
} AttributeDef;

#define SYM_STRUCT     0x40000000 /* struct/union/enum symbol space */
#define SYM_FIELD      0x20000000 /* struct/union field symbol space */
#define SYM_FIRST_ANOM (1 << (31 - VT_STRUCT_SHIFT)) /* first anonymous sym */

/* stored in 'Sym.c' field */
#define FUNC_NEW       1 /* ansi function prototype */
#define FUNC_OLD       2 /* old function prototype */
#define FUNC_ELLIPSIS  3 /* ansi function prototype with ... */

/* stored in 'Sym.r' field */
#define FUNC_CDECL     0 /* standard c call */
#define FUNC_STDCALL   1 /* pascal c call */

/* field 'Sym.t' for macros */
#define MACRO_OBJ      0 /* object like macro */
#define MACRO_FUNC     1 /* function like macro */

/* field 'Sym.r' for labels */
#define LABEL_FORWARD  1 /* label is forward defined */

/* type_decl() types */
#define TYPE_ABSTRACT  1 /* type without variable */
#define TYPE_DIRECT    2 /* type with variable */

#define IO_BUF_SIZE 8192

typedef struct BufferedFile {
    uint8_t *buf_ptr;
    uint8_t *buf_end;
    int fd;
    int line_num;    /* current line number - here to simply code */
    int ifndef_macro;  /* #ifndef macro / #endif search */
    int ifndef_macro_saved; /* saved ifndef_macro */
    int *ifdef_stack_ptr; /* ifdef_stack value at the start of the file */
    char inc_type;          /* type of include */
    char inc_filename[512]; /* filename specified by the user */
    char filename[1024];    /* current filename - here to simplify code */
    unsigned char buffer[IO_BUF_SIZE + 1]; /* extra size for CH_EOB char */
} BufferedFile;

#define CH_EOB   '\\'       /* end of buffer or '\0' char in file */
#define CH_EOF   (-1)   /* end of file */

/* parsing state (used to save parser state to reparse part of the
   source several times) */
typedef struct ParseState {
    int *macro_ptr;
    int line_num;
    int tok;
    CValue tokc;
} ParseState;

/* used to record tokens */
typedef struct TokenString {
    int *str;
    int len;
    int allocated_len;
    int last_line_num;
} TokenString;

/* include file cache, used to find files faster and also to eliminate
   inclusion if the include file is protected by #ifndef ... #endif */
typedef struct CachedInclude {
    int ifndef_macro;
    char type; /* '"' or '>' to give include type */
    char filename[1]; /* path specified in #include */
} CachedInclude;

/* parser */
static struct BufferedFile *file;
static int ch, tok, tok1;
static CValue tokc, tok1c;
static CString tokcstr; /* current parsed string, if any */
/* additionnal informations about token */
static int tok_flags;
#define TOK_FLAG_BOL   0x0001 /* beginning of line before */
#define TOK_FLAG_BOF   0x0002 /* beginning of file before */
#define TOK_FLAG_ENDIF 0x0004 /* a endif was found matching starting #ifdef */

/* if true, line feed is returned as a token. line feed is also
   returned at eof */
static int return_linefeed; 
static Section *text_section, *data_section, *bss_section; /* predefined sections */
static Section *cur_text_section; /* current section where function code is
                              generated */
/* bound check related sections */
static Section *bounds_section; /* contains global data bound description */
static Section *lbounds_section; /* contains local data bound description */
/* symbol sections */
static Section *symtab_section, *strtab_section;

/* debug sections */
static Section *stab_section, *stabstr_section;

/* loc : local variable index
   ind : output code index
   rsym: return symbol
   anon_sym: anonymous symbol index
*/
static int rsym, anon_sym, ind, loc;
/* expression generation modifiers */
static int const_wanted; /* true if constant wanted */
static int nocode_wanted; /* true if no code generation wanted for an expression */
static int global_expr;  /* true if compound literals must be allocated
                            globally (used during initializers parsing */
static CType func_vt; /* current function return type (used by return
                         instruction) */
static int func_vc;
static int last_line_num, last_ind, func_ind; /* debug last line number and pc */
static int tok_ident;
static TokenSym **table_ident;
static TokenSym *hash_ident[TOK_HASH_SIZE];
static char token_buf[STRING_MAX_SIZE + 1];
static char *funcname;
static Sym *global_stack, *local_stack;
static Sym *define_stack;
static Sym *label_stack;

static SValue vstack[VSTACK_SIZE], *vtop;
static int *macro_ptr, *macro_ptr_allocated;
/* some predefined types */
static CType char_pointer_type, func_old_type, int_type;

/* compile with debug symbol (and use them if error during execution) */
static int do_debug = 0;

/* compile with built-in memory and bounds checker */
static int do_bounds_check = 0;

/* display benchmark infos */
static int do_bench = 0;
static int total_lines;
static int total_bytes;

/* use GNU C extensions */
static int gnu_ext = 1;

/* use Tiny C extensions */
static int tcc_ext = 1;

/* max number of callers shown if error */
static int num_callers = 6;
static const char **rt_bound_error_msg;

/* XXX: suppress that ASAP */
static struct TCCState *tcc_state;

/* give the path of the tcc libraries */
static const char *tcc_lib_path = CONFIG_TCC_PREFIX "/lib/tcc";

struct TCCState {
    int output_type;
 
    BufferedFile **include_stack_ptr;
    int *ifdef_stack_ptr;

    /* include file handling */
    char **include_paths;
    int nb_include_paths;
    char **sysinclude_paths;
    int nb_sysinclude_paths;
    CachedInclude **cached_includes;
    int nb_cached_includes;

    char **library_paths;
    int nb_library_paths;

    /* array of all loaded dlls (including those referenced by loaded
       dlls) */
    DLLReference **loaded_dlls;
    int nb_loaded_dlls;

    /* sections */
    Section **sections;
    int nb_sections; /* number of sections, including first dummy section */

    /* got handling */
    Section *got;
    unsigned long *got_offsets;
    int nb_got_offsets;
    int nb_plt_entries;
    /* give the correspondance from symtab indexes to dynsym indexes */
    int *symtab_to_dynsym;

    /* temporary dynamic symbol sections (for dll loading) */
    Section *dynsymtab_section;
    /* exported dynamic symbol section */
    Section *dynsym;

    /* if true, static linking is performed */
    int static_link;

    /* error handling */
    void *error_opaque;
    void (*error_func)(void *opaque, const char *msg);
    int error_set_jmp_enabled;
    jmp_buf error_jmp_buf;
    int nb_errors;

    /* see include_stack_ptr */
    BufferedFile *include_stack[INCLUDE_STACK_SIZE];

    /* see ifdef_stack_ptr */
    int ifdef_stack[IFDEF_STACK_SIZE];
};

/* The current value can be: */
#define VT_VALMASK   0x00ff
#define VT_CONST     0x00f0  /* constant in vc 
                              (must be first non register value) */
#define VT_LLOCAL    0x00f1  /* lvalue, offset on stack */
#define VT_LOCAL     0x00f2  /* offset on stack */
#define VT_CMP       0x00f3  /* the value is stored in processor flags (in vc) */
#define VT_JMP       0x00f4  /* value is the consequence of jmp true (even) */
#define VT_JMPI      0x00f5  /* value is the consequence of jmp false (odd) */
#define VT_LVAL      0x0100  /* var is an lvalue */
#define VT_SYM       0x0200  /* a symbol value is added */
#define VT_MUSTCAST  0x0400  /* value must be casted to be correct (used for
                                char/short stored in integer registers) */
#define VT_MUSTBOUND 0x0800  /* bound checking must be done before
                                dereferencing value */
#define VT_BOUNDED   0x8000  /* value is bounded. The address of the
                                bounding function call point is in vc */
#define VT_LVAL_BYTE     0x1000  /* lvalue is a byte */
#define VT_LVAL_SHORT    0x2000  /* lvalue is a short */
#define VT_LVAL_UNSIGNED 0x4000  /* lvalue is unsigned */
#define VT_LVAL_TYPE     (VT_LVAL_BYTE | VT_LVAL_SHORT | VT_LVAL_UNSIGNED)

/* types */
#define VT_STRUCT_SHIFT 12   /* structure/enum name shift (20 bits left) */

#define VT_INT        0  /* integer type */
#define VT_BYTE       1  /* signed byte type */
#define VT_SHORT      2  /* short type */
#define VT_VOID       3  /* void type */
#define VT_PTR        4  /* pointer */
#define VT_ENUM       5  /* enum definition */
#define VT_FUNC       6  /* function type */
#define VT_STRUCT     7  /* struct/union definition */
#define VT_FLOAT      8  /* IEEE float */
#define VT_DOUBLE     9  /* IEEE double */
#define VT_LDOUBLE   10  /* IEEE long double */
#define VT_BOOL      11  /* ISOC99 boolean type */
#define VT_LLONG     12  /* 64 bit integer */
#define VT_LONG      13  /* long integer (NEVER USED as type, only
                            during parsing) */
#define VT_BTYPE      0x000f /* mask for basic type */
#define VT_UNSIGNED   0x0010  /* unsigned type */
#define VT_ARRAY      0x0020  /* array type (also has VT_PTR) */
#define VT_BITFIELD   0x0040  /* bitfield modifier */

/* storage */
#define VT_EXTERN  0x00000080  /* extern definition */
#define VT_STATIC  0x00000100  /* static variable */
#define VT_TYPEDEF 0x00000200  /* typedef definition */

/* type mask (except storage) */
#define VT_TYPE    (~(VT_EXTERN | VT_STATIC | VT_TYPEDEF))

/* token values */

/* warning: the following compare tokens depend on i386 asm code */
#define TOK_ULT 0x92
#define TOK_UGE 0x93
#define TOK_EQ  0x94
#define TOK_NE  0x95
#define TOK_ULE 0x96
#define TOK_UGT 0x97
#define TOK_LT  0x9c
#define TOK_GE  0x9d
#define TOK_LE  0x9e
#define TOK_GT  0x9f

#define TOK_LAND  0xa0
#define TOK_LOR   0xa1

#define TOK_DEC   0xa2
#define TOK_MID   0xa3 /* inc/dec, to void constant */
#define TOK_INC   0xa4
#define TOK_UDIV  0xb0 /* unsigned division */
#define TOK_UMOD  0xb1 /* unsigned modulo */
#define TOK_PDIV  0xb2 /* fast division with undefined rounding for pointers */
#define TOK_CINT   0xb3 /* number in tokc */
#define TOK_CCHAR 0xb4 /* char constant in tokc */
#define TOK_STR   0xb5 /* pointer to string in tokc */
#define TOK_TWOSHARPS 0xb6 /* ## preprocessing token */
#define TOK_LCHAR    0xb7
#define TOK_LSTR     0xb8
#define TOK_CFLOAT   0xb9 /* float constant */
#define TOK_LINENUM  0xba /* line number info */
#define TOK_CDOUBLE  0xc0 /* double constant */
#define TOK_CLDOUBLE 0xc1 /* long double constant */
#define TOK_UMULL    0xc2 /* unsigned 32x32 -> 64 mul */
#define TOK_ADDC1    0xc3 /* add with carry generation */
#define TOK_ADDC2    0xc4 /* add with carry use */
#define TOK_SUBC1    0xc5 /* add with carry generation */
#define TOK_SUBC2    0xc6 /* add with carry use */
#define TOK_CUINT    0xc8 /* unsigned int constant */
#define TOK_CLLONG   0xc9 /* long long constant */
#define TOK_CULLONG  0xca /* unsigned long long constant */
#define TOK_ARROW    0xcb
#define TOK_DOTS     0xcc /* three dots */
#define TOK_SHR      0xcd /* unsigned shift right */
#define TOK_PPNUM    0xce /* preprocessor number */

#define TOK_SHL   0x01 /* shift left */
#define TOK_SAR   0x02 /* signed shift right */
  
/* assignement operators : normal operator or 0x80 */
#define TOK_A_MOD 0xa5
#define TOK_A_AND 0xa6
#define TOK_A_MUL 0xaa
#define TOK_A_ADD 0xab
#define TOK_A_SUB 0xad
#define TOK_A_DIV 0xaf
#define TOK_A_XOR 0xde
#define TOK_A_OR  0xfc
#define TOK_A_SHL 0x81
#define TOK_A_SAR 0x82

/* WARNING: the content of this string encodes token numbers */
static char tok_two_chars[] = "<=\236>=\235!=\225&&\240||\241++\244--\242==\224<<\1>>\2+=\253-=\255*=\252/=\257%=\245&=\246^=\336|=\374->\313..\250##\266";

#define TOK_EOF       (-1)  /* end of file */
#define TOK_LINEFEED  10    /* line feed */

/* all identificators and strings have token above that */
#define TOK_IDENT 256

enum {
    TOK_LAST = TOK_IDENT - 1,
#define DEF(id, str) id,
#include "tcctok.h"
#undef DEF
};

static const char *tcc_keywords = 
#define DEF(id, str) str "\0"
#include "tcctok.h"
#undef DEF
;

#define TOK_UIDENT TOK_DEFINE

#ifdef WIN32
#define snprintf _snprintf
#define vsnprintf _vsnprintf
#endif

#if defined(WIN32) || defined(TCC_UCLIBC)
/* currently incorrect */
long double strtold(const char *nptr, char **endptr)
{
    return (long double)strtod(nptr, endptr);
}
float strtof(const char *nptr, char **endptr)
{
    return (float)strtod(nptr, endptr);
}
#else
/* XXX: need to define this to use them in non ISOC99 context */
extern float strtof (const char *__nptr, char **__endptr);
extern long double strtold (const char *__nptr, char **__endptr);
#endif

static char *pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s);
static char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s);

static void next(void);
static void next_nomacro(void);
static void parse_expr_type(CType *type);
static void expr_type(CType *type);
static void unary_type(CType *type);
static int expr_const(void);
static void expr_eq(void);
static void gexpr(void);
static void decl(int l);
static void decl_initializer(CType *type, Section *sec, unsigned long c, 
                             int first, int size_only);
static void decl_initializer_alloc(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int r, 
                                   int has_init, int v, int scope);
int gv(int rc);
void gv2(int rc1, int rc2);
void move_reg(int r, int s);
void save_regs(int n);
void save_reg(int r);
void vpop(void);
void vswap(void);
void vdup(void);
int get_reg(int rc);

static void macro_subst(TokenString *tok_str, 
                        Sym **nested_list, int *macro_str);
int save_reg_forced(int r);
void gen_op(int op);
void force_charshort_cast(int t);
static void gen_cast(CType *type);
void vstore(void);
static Sym *sym_find(int v);
static Sym *sym_push(int v, CType *type, int r, int c);

/* type handling */
static int type_size(CType *type, int *a);
static inline CType *pointed_type(CType *type);
static int pointed_size(CType *type);
static int lvalue_type(int t);
static int is_compatible_types(CType *type1, CType *type2);
static int parse_btype(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad);
static void type_decl(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int *v, int td);

void error(const char *fmt, ...);
void vpushi(int v);
void vset(CType *type, int r, int v);
void type_to_str(char *buf, int buf_size, 
                 CType *type, const char *varstr);
char *get_tok_str(int v, CValue *cv);
static Sym *get_sym_ref(CType *type, Section *sec, 
                        unsigned long offset, unsigned long size);
static Sym *external_global_sym(int v, CType *type, int r);

/* section generation */
static void section_realloc(Section *sec, unsigned long new_size);
static void *section_ptr_add(Section *sec, unsigned long size);
static void put_extern_sym(Sym *sym, Section *section, 
                           unsigned long value, unsigned long size);
static void greloc(Section *s, Sym *sym, unsigned long addr, int type);
static int put_elf_str(Section *s, const char *sym);
static int put_elf_sym(Section *s, 
                       unsigned long value, unsigned long size,
                       int info, int other, int shndx, const char *name);
static int add_elf_sym(Section *s, unsigned long value, unsigned long size,
                       int info, int sh_num, const char *name);
static void put_elf_reloc(Section *symtab, Section *s, unsigned long offset,
                          int type, int symbol);
static void put_stabs(const char *str, int type, int other, int desc, 
                      unsigned long value);
static void put_stabs_r(const char *str, int type, int other, int desc, 
                        unsigned long value, Section *sec, int sym_index);
static void put_stabn(int type, int other, int desc, int value);
static void put_stabd(int type, int other, int desc);
static int tcc_add_dll(TCCState *s, const char *filename, int flags);

#define AFF_PRINT_ERROR     0x0001 /* print error if file not found */
#define AFF_REFERENCED_DLL  0x0002 /* load a referenced dll from another dll */
static int tcc_add_file_internal(TCCState *s, const char *filename, int flags);

/* true if float/double/long double type */
static inline int is_float(int t)
{
    int bt;
    bt = t & VT_BTYPE;
    return bt == VT_LDOUBLE || bt == VT_DOUBLE || bt == VT_FLOAT;
}

#ifdef TCC_TARGET_I386
#include "i386-gen.c"
#endif
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_IL
#include "il-gen.c"
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_STATIC

#define RTLD_LAZY       0x001
#define RTLD_NOW        0x002
#define RTLD_GLOBAL     0x100
#define RTLD_DEFAULT    NULL

/* dummy function for profiling */
void *dlopen(const char *filename, int flag)
{
    return NULL;
}

const char *dlerror(void)
{
    return "error";
}

typedef struct TCCSyms {
    char *str;
    void *ptr;
} TCCSyms;

#define TCCSYM(a) { #a, &a, },

/* add the symbol you want here if no dynamic linking is done */
static TCCSyms tcc_syms[] = {
    TCCSYM(printf)
    TCCSYM(fprintf)
    TCCSYM(fopen)
    TCCSYM(fclose)
    { NULL, NULL },
};

void *dlsym(void *handle, const char *symbol)
{
    TCCSyms *p;
    p = tcc_syms;
    while (p->str != NULL) {
        if (!strcmp(p->str, symbol))
            return p->ptr;
        p++;
    }
    return NULL;
}

#endif

/********************************************************/

/* we use our own 'finite' function to avoid potential problems with
   non standard math libs */
/* XXX: endianness dependant */
int ieee_finite(double d)
{
    int *p = (int *)&d;
    return ((unsigned)((p[1] | 0x800fffff) + 1)) >> 31;
}

/* copy a string and truncate it. */
static char *pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
{
    char *q, *q_end;
    int c;

    if (buf_size > 0) {
        q = buf;
        q_end = buf + buf_size - 1;
        while (q < q_end) {
            c = *s++;
            if (c == '\0')
                break;
            *q++ = c;
        }
        *q = '\0';
    }
    return buf;
}

/* strcat and truncate. */
static char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
{
    int len;
    len = strlen(buf);
    if (len < buf_size) 
        pstrcpy(buf + len, buf_size - len, s);
    return buf;
}

/* memory management */
#ifdef MEM_DEBUG
int mem_cur_size;
int mem_max_size;
#endif

static inline void tcc_free(void *ptr)
{
#ifdef MEM_DEBUG
    mem_cur_size -= malloc_usable_size(ptr);
#endif
    free(ptr);
}

static void *tcc_malloc(unsigned long size)
{
    void *ptr;
    ptr = malloc(size);
    if (!ptr && size)
        error("memory full");
#ifdef MEM_DEBUG
    mem_cur_size += malloc_usable_size(ptr);
    if (mem_cur_size > mem_max_size)
        mem_max_size = mem_cur_size;
#endif
    return ptr;
}

static void *tcc_mallocz(unsigned long size)
{
    void *ptr;
    ptr = tcc_malloc(size);
    memset(ptr, 0, size);
    return ptr;
}

static inline void *tcc_realloc(void *ptr, unsigned long size)
{
    void *ptr1;
#ifdef MEM_DEBUG
    mem_cur_size -= malloc_usable_size(ptr);
#endif
    ptr1 = realloc(ptr, size);
#ifdef MEM_DEBUG
    /* NOTE: count not correct if alloc error, but not critical */
    mem_cur_size += malloc_usable_size(ptr1);
    if (mem_cur_size > mem_max_size)
        mem_max_size = mem_cur_size;
#endif
    return ptr1;
}

static char *tcc_strdup(const char *str)
{
    char *ptr;
    ptr = tcc_malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
    strcpy(ptr, str);
    return ptr;
}

#define free(p) use_tcc_free(p)
#define malloc(s) use_tcc_malloc(s)
#define realloc(p, s) use_tcc_realloc(p, s)

static void dynarray_add(void ***ptab, int *nb_ptr, void *data)
{
    int nb, nb_alloc;
    void **pp;
    
    nb = *nb_ptr;
    pp = *ptab;
    /* every power of two we double array size */
    if ((nb & (nb - 1)) == 0) {
        if (!nb)
            nb_alloc = 1;
        else
            nb_alloc = nb * 2;
        pp = tcc_realloc(pp, nb_alloc * sizeof(void *));
        if (!pp)
            error("memory full");
        *ptab = pp;
    }
    pp[nb++] = data;
    *nb_ptr = nb;
}

Section *new_section(TCCState *s1, const char *name, int sh_type, int sh_flags)
{
    Section *sec;

    sec = tcc_mallocz(sizeof(Section));
    pstrcpy(sec->name, sizeof(sec->name), name);
    sec->sh_type = sh_type;
    sec->sh_flags = sh_flags;
    switch(sh_type) {
    case SHT_HASH:
    case SHT_REL:
    case SHT_DYNSYM:
    case SHT_SYMTAB:
    case SHT_DYNAMIC:
        sec->sh_addralign = 4;
        break;
    case SHT_STRTAB:
        sec->sh_addralign = 1;
        break;
    default:
        sec->sh_addralign = 32; /* default conservative alignment */
        break;
    }

    /* only add section if not private */
    if (!(sh_flags & SHF_PRIVATE)) {
        sec->sh_num = s1->nb_sections;
        dynarray_add((void ***)&s1->sections, &s1->nb_sections, sec);
    }
    return sec;
}

static void free_section(Section *s)
{
    tcc_free(s->data);
    tcc_free(s);
}

/* realloc section and set its content to zero */
static void section_realloc(Section *sec, unsigned long new_size)
{
    unsigned long size;
    unsigned char *data;
    
    size = sec->data_allocated;
    if (size == 0)
        size = 1;
    while (size < new_size)
        size = size * 2;
    data = tcc_realloc(sec->data, size);
    if (!data)
        error("memory full");
    memset(data + sec->data_allocated, 0, size - sec->data_allocated);
    sec->data = data;
    sec->data_allocated = size;
}

/* reserve at least 'size' bytes in section 'sec' from
   sec->data_offset. */
static void *section_ptr_add(Section *sec, unsigned long size)
{
    unsigned long offset, offset1;

    offset = sec->data_offset;
    offset1 = offset + size;
    if (offset1 > sec->data_allocated)
        section_realloc(sec, offset1);
    sec->data_offset = offset1;
    return sec->data + offset;
}

/* return a reference to a section, and create it if it does not
   exists */
Section *find_section(TCCState *s1, const char *name)
{
    Section *sec;
    int i;
    for(i = 1; i < s1->nb_sections; i++) {
        sec = s1->sections[i];
        if (!strcmp(name, sec->name)) 
            return sec;
    }
    /* sections are created as PROGBITS */
    return new_section(s1, name, SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC);
}

/* update sym->c so that it points to an external symbol in section
   'section' with value 'value' */
static void put_extern_sym(Sym *sym, Section *section, 
                           unsigned long value, unsigned long size)
{
    int sym_type, sym_bind, sh_num, info;
    Elf32_Sym *esym;
    const char *name;

    if (section)
        sh_num = section->sh_num;
    else
        sh_num = SHN_UNDEF;
    if (!sym->c) {
        if ((sym->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC)
            sym_type = STT_FUNC;
        else
            sym_type = STT_OBJECT;
        if (sym->type.t & VT_STATIC)
            sym_bind = STB_LOCAL;
        else
            sym_bind = STB_GLOBAL;
        
        name = get_tok_str(sym->v, NULL);
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
        if (do_bounds_check) {
            char buf[32];

            /* XXX: avoid doing that for statics ? */
            /* if bound checking is activated, we change some function
               names by adding the "__bound" prefix */
            switch(sym->v) {
#if 0
            /* XXX: we rely only on malloc hooks */
            case TOK_malloc: 
            case TOK_free: 
            case TOK_realloc: 
            case TOK_memalign: 
            case TOK_calloc: 
#endif
            case TOK_memcpy: 
            case TOK_memmove:
            case TOK_memset:
            case TOK_strlen:
            case TOK_strcpy:
                strcpy(buf, "__bound_");
                strcat(buf, name);
                name = buf;
                break;
            }
        }
#endif
        info = ELF32_ST_INFO(sym_bind, sym_type);
        sym->c = add_elf_sym(symtab_section, value, size, info, sh_num, name);
    } else {
        esym = &((Elf32_Sym *)symtab_section->data)[sym->c];
        esym->st_value = value;
        esym->st_size = size;
        esym->st_shndx = sh_num;
    }
}

/* add a new relocation entry to symbol 'sym' in section 's' */
static void greloc(Section *s, Sym *sym, unsigned long offset, int type)
{
    if (!sym->c) 
        put_extern_sym(sym, NULL, 0, 0);
    /* now we can add ELF relocation info */
    put_elf_reloc(symtab_section, s, offset, type, sym->c);
}

static inline int isid(int c)
{
    return (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ||
        (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
        c == '_';
}

static inline int isnum(int c)
{
    return c >= '0' && c <= '9';
}

static inline int isoct(int c)
{
    return c >= '0' && c <= '7';
}

static inline int toup(int c)
{
    if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
        return c - 'a' + 'A';
    else
        return c;
}

static void strcat_vprintf(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
    int len;
    len = strlen(buf);
    vsnprintf(buf + len, buf_size - len, fmt, ap);
}

static void strcat_printf(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    va_start(ap, fmt);
    strcat_vprintf(buf, buf_size, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}

void error1(TCCState *s1, int is_warning, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
    char buf[2048];
    BufferedFile **f;
    
    buf[0] = '\0';
    if (file) {
        for(f = s1->include_stack; f < s1->include_stack_ptr; f++)
            strcat_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), "In file included from %s:%d:\n", 
                          (*f)->filename, (*f)->line_num);
        if (file->line_num > 0) {
            strcat_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), 
                          "%s:%d: ", file->filename, file->line_num);
        } else {
            strcat_printf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                          "%s: ", file->filename);
        }
    } else {
        strcat_printf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                      "tcc: ");
    }
    if (is_warning)
        strcat_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), "warning: ");
    strcat_vprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, ap);

    if (!s1->error_func) {
        /* default case: stderr */
        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
    } else {
        s1->error_func(s1->error_opaque, buf);
    }
    if (!is_warning)
        s1->nb_errors++;
}

#ifdef LIBTCC
void tcc_set_error_func(TCCState *s, void *error_opaque,
                        void (*error_func)(void *opaque, const char *msg))
{
    s->error_opaque = error_opaque;
    s->error_func = error_func;
}
#endif

/* error without aborting current compilation */
void error_noabort(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    TCCState *s1 = tcc_state;
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    error1(s1, 0, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}

void error(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    TCCState *s1 = tcc_state;
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    error1(s1, 0, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    /* better than nothing: in some cases, we accept to handle errors */
    if (s1->error_set_jmp_enabled) {
        longjmp(s1->error_jmp_buf, 1);
    } else {
        /* XXX: suppress it someday */
        exit(1);
    }
}

void expect(const char *msg)
{
    error("%s expected", msg);
}

void warning(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    TCCState *s1 = tcc_state;
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    error1(s1, 1, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}

void skip(int c)
{
    if (tok != c)
        error("'%c' expected", c);
    next();
}

void test_lvalue(void)
{
    if (!(vtop->r & VT_LVAL))
        expect("lvalue");
}

/* allocate a new token */
static TokenSym *tok_alloc_new(TokenSym **pts, const char *str, int len)
{
    TokenSym *ts, **ptable;
    int i;

    if (tok_ident >= SYM_FIRST_ANOM) 
        error("memory full");

    /* expand token table if needed */
    i = tok_ident - TOK_IDENT;
    if ((i % TOK_ALLOC_INCR) == 0) {
        ptable = tcc_realloc(table_ident, (i + TOK_ALLOC_INCR) * sizeof(TokenSym *));
        if (!ptable)
            error("memory full");
        table_ident = ptable;
    }

    ts = tcc_malloc(sizeof(TokenSym) + len);
    table_ident[i] = ts;
    ts->tok = tok_ident++;
    ts->sym_define = NULL;
    ts->sym_label = NULL;
    ts->sym_struct = NULL;
    ts->sym_identifier = NULL;
    ts->len = len;
    ts->hash_next = NULL;
    memcpy(ts->str, str, len);
    ts->str[len] = '\0';
    *pts = ts;
    return ts;
}

#define TOK_HASH_INIT 1
#define TOK_HASH_FUNC(h, c) ((h) * 263 + (c))

/* find a token and add it if not found */
static TokenSym *tok_alloc(const char *str, int len)
{
    TokenSym *ts, **pts;
    int i;
    unsigned int h;
    
    h = TOK_HASH_INIT;
    for(i=0;i<len;i++)
        h = TOK_HASH_FUNC(h, ((unsigned char *)str)[i]);
    h &= (TOK_HASH_SIZE - 1);

    pts = &hash_ident[h];
    for(;;) {
        ts = *pts;
        if (!ts)
            break;
        if (ts->len == len && !memcmp(ts->str, str, len))
            return ts;
        pts = &(ts->hash_next);
    }
    return tok_alloc_new(pts, str, len);
}

/* CString handling */

static void cstr_realloc(CString *cstr, int new_size)
{
    int size;
    void *data;

    size = cstr->size_allocated;
    if (size == 0)
        size = 8; /* no need to allocate a too small first string */
    while (size < new_size)
        size = size * 2;
    data = tcc_realloc(cstr->data_allocated, size);
    if (!data)
        error("memory full");
    cstr->data_allocated = data;
    cstr->size_allocated = size;
    cstr->data = data;
}

/* add a byte */
static void cstr_ccat(CString *cstr, int ch)
{
    int size;
    size = cstr->size + 1;
    if (size > cstr->size_allocated)
        cstr_realloc(cstr, size);
    ((unsigned char *)cstr->data)[size - 1] = ch;
    cstr->size = size;
}

static void cstr_cat(CString *cstr, const char *str)
{
    int c;
    for(;;) {
        c = *str;
        if (c == '\0')
            break;
        cstr_ccat(cstr, c);
        str++;
    }
}

/* add a wide char */
static void cstr_wccat(CString *cstr, int ch)
{
    int size;
    size = cstr->size + sizeof(int);
    if (size > cstr->size_allocated)
        cstr_realloc(cstr, size);
    *(int *)(((unsigned char *)cstr->data) + size - sizeof(int)) = ch;
    cstr->size = size;
}

static void cstr_new(CString *cstr)
{
    memset(cstr, 0, sizeof(CString));
}

/* free string and reset it to NULL */
static void cstr_free(CString *cstr)
{
    tcc_free(cstr->data_allocated);
    cstr_new(cstr);
}

#define cstr_reset(cstr) cstr_free(cstr)

static CString *cstr_dup(CString *cstr1)
{
    CString *cstr;
    int size;

    cstr = tcc_malloc(sizeof(CString));
    size = cstr1->size;
    cstr->size = size;
    cstr->size_allocated = size;
    cstr->data_allocated = tcc_malloc(size);
    cstr->data = cstr->data_allocated;
    memcpy(cstr->data_allocated, cstr1->data_allocated, size);
    return cstr;
}

/* XXX: unicode ? */
static void add_char(CString *cstr, int c)
{
    if (c == '\'' || c == '\"' || c == '\\') {
        /* XXX: could be more precise if char or string */
        cstr_ccat(cstr, '\\');
    }
    if (c >= 32 && c <= 126) {
        cstr_ccat(cstr, c);
    } else {
        cstr_ccat(cstr, '\\');
        if (c == '\n') {
            cstr_ccat(cstr, 'n');
        } else {
            cstr_ccat(cstr, '0' + ((c >> 6) & 7));
            cstr_ccat(cstr, '0' + ((c >> 3) & 7));
            cstr_ccat(cstr, '0' + (c & 7));
        }
    }
}

/* XXX: buffer overflow */
/* XXX: float tokens */
char *get_tok_str(int v, CValue *cv)
{
    static char buf[STRING_MAX_SIZE + 1];
    static CString cstr_buf;
    CString *cstr;
    unsigned char *q;
    char *p;
    int i, len;

    /* NOTE: to go faster, we give a fixed buffer for small strings */
    cstr_reset(&cstr_buf);
    cstr_buf.data = buf;
    cstr_buf.size_allocated = sizeof(buf);
    p = buf;

    switch(v) {
    case TOK_CINT:
    case TOK_CUINT:
        /* XXX: not quite exact, but only useful for testing */
        sprintf(p, "%u", cv->ui);
        break;
    case TOK_CLLONG:
    case TOK_CULLONG:
        /* XXX: not quite exact, but only useful for testing  */
        sprintf(p, "%Lu", cv->ull);
        break;
    case TOK_CCHAR:
    case TOK_LCHAR:
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\'');
        add_char(&cstr_buf, cv->i);
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\'');
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\0');
        break;
    case TOK_PPNUM:
        cstr = cv->cstr;
        len = cstr->size - 1;
        for(i=0;i<len;i++)
            add_char(&cstr_buf, ((unsigned char *)cstr->data)[i]);
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\0');
        break;
    case TOK_STR:
    case TOK_LSTR:
        cstr = cv->cstr;
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\"');
        if (v == TOK_STR) {
            len = cstr->size - 1;
            for(i=0;i<len;i++)
                add_char(&cstr_buf, ((unsigned char *)cstr->data)[i]);
        } else {
            len = (cstr->size / sizeof(int)) - 1;
            for(i=0;i<len;i++)
                add_char(&cstr_buf, ((int *)cstr->data)[i]);
        }
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\"');
        cstr_ccat(&cstr_buf, '\0');
        break;
    case TOK_LT:
        v = '<';
        goto addv;
    case TOK_GT:
        v = '>';
        goto addv;
    case TOK_A_SHL:
        return strcpy(p, "<<=");
    case TOK_A_SAR:
        return strcpy(p, ">>=");
    default:
        if (v < TOK_IDENT) {
            /* search in two bytes table */
            q = tok_two_chars;
            while (*q) {
                if (q[2] == v) {
                    *p++ = q[0];
                    *p++ = q[1];
                    *p = '\0';
                    return buf;
                }
                q += 3;
            }
        addv:
            *p++ = v;
            *p = '\0';
        } else if (v < tok_ident) {
            return table_ident[v - TOK_IDENT]->str;
        } else if (v >= SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
            /* special name for anonymous symbol */
            sprintf(p, "L.%u", v - SYM_FIRST_ANOM);
        } else {
            /* should never happen */
            return NULL;
        }
        break;
    }
    return cstr_buf.data;
}

/* push, without hashing */
static Sym *sym_push2(Sym **ps, int v, int t, int c)
{
    Sym *s;
    s = tcc_malloc(sizeof(Sym));
    s->v = v;
    s->type.t = t;
    s->c = c;
    s->next = NULL;
    /* add in stack */
    s->prev = *ps;
    *ps = s;
    return s;
}

/* find a symbol and return its associated structure. 's' is the top
   of the symbol stack */
static Sym *sym_find2(Sym *s, int v)
{
    while (s) {
        if (s->v == v)
            return s;
        s = s->prev;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/* structure lookup */
static Sym *struct_find(int v)
{
    v -= TOK_IDENT;
    if ((unsigned)v >= (unsigned)(tok_ident - TOK_IDENT))
        return NULL;
    return table_ident[v]->sym_struct;
}

/* find an identifier */
static inline Sym *sym_find(int v)
{
    v -= TOK_IDENT;
    if ((unsigned)v >= (unsigned)(tok_ident - TOK_IDENT))
        return NULL;
    return table_ident[v]->sym_identifier;
}

/* push a given symbol on the symbol stack */
static Sym *sym_push(int v, CType *type, int r, int c)
{
    Sym *s, **ps;
    TokenSym *ts;

    if (local_stack)
        ps = &local_stack;
    else
        ps = &global_stack;
    s = sym_push2(ps, v, type->t, c);
    s->type.ref = type->ref;
    s->r = r;
    /* don't record fields or anonymous symbols */
    /* XXX: simplify */
    if (!(v & SYM_FIELD) && (v & ~SYM_STRUCT) < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
        /* record symbol in token array */
        ts = table_ident[(v & ~SYM_STRUCT) - TOK_IDENT];
        if (v & SYM_STRUCT)
            ps = &ts->sym_struct;
        else
            ps = &ts->sym_identifier;
        s->prev_tok = *ps;
        *ps = s;
    }
    return s;
}

/* push a global identifier */
static Sym *global_identifier_push(int v, int t, int c)
{
    Sym *s, **ps;
    s = sym_push2(&global_stack, v, t, c);
    /* don't record anonymous symbol */
    if (v < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
        ps = &table_ident[v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_identifier;
        /* modify the top most local identifier, so that
           sym_identifier will point to 's' when popped */
        while (*ps != NULL)
            ps = &(*ps)->prev_tok;
        s->prev_tok = NULL;
        *ps = s;
    }
    return s;
}

/* pop symbols until top reaches 'b' */
static void sym_pop(Sym **ptop, Sym *b)
{
    Sym *s, *ss, **ps;
    TokenSym *ts;
    int v;

    s = *ptop;
    while(s != b) {
        ss = s->prev;
        v = s->v;
        /* remove symbol in token array */
        /* XXX: simplify */
        if (!(v & SYM_FIELD) && (v & ~SYM_STRUCT) < SYM_FIRST_ANOM) {
            ts = table_ident[(v & ~SYM_STRUCT) - TOK_IDENT];
            if (v & SYM_STRUCT)
                ps = &ts->sym_struct;
            else
                ps = &ts->sym_identifier;
            *ps = s->prev_tok;
        }
        tcc_free(s);
        s = ss;
    }
    *ptop = b;
}

/* I/O layer */

BufferedFile *tcc_open(TCCState *s1, const char *filename)
{
    int fd;
    BufferedFile *bf;

    fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
    if (fd < 0)
        return NULL;
    bf = tcc_malloc(sizeof(BufferedFile));
    if (!bf) {
        close(fd);
        return NULL;
    }
    bf->fd = fd;
    bf->buf_ptr = bf->buffer;
    bf->buf_end = bf->buffer;
    bf->buffer[0] = CH_EOB; /* put eob symbol */
    pstrcpy(bf->filename, sizeof(bf->filename), filename);
    bf->line_num = 1;
    bf->ifndef_macro = 0;
    bf->ifdef_stack_ptr = s1->ifdef_stack_ptr;
    //    printf("opening '%s'\n", filename);
    return bf;
}

void tcc_close(BufferedFile *bf)
{
    total_lines += bf->line_num;
    close(bf->fd);
    tcc_free(bf);
}

/* fill input buffer and peek next char */
static int tcc_peekc_slow(BufferedFile *bf)
{
    int len;
    /* only tries to read if really end of buffer */
    if (bf->buf_ptr >= bf->buf_end) {
        if (bf->fd != -1) {
#if defined(PARSE_DEBUG)
            len = 8;
#else
            len = IO_BUF_SIZE;
#endif
            len = read(bf->fd, bf->buffer, len);
            if (len < 0)
                len = 0;
        } else {
            len = 0;
        }
        total_bytes += len;
        bf->buf_ptr = bf->buffer;
        bf->buf_end = bf->buffer + len;
        *bf->buf_end = CH_EOB;
    }
    if (bf->buf_ptr < bf->buf_end) {
        return bf->buf_ptr[0];
    } else {
        bf->buf_ptr = bf->buf_end;
        return CH_EOF;
    }
}

/* return the current character, handling end of block if necessary
   (but not stray) */
static int handle_eob(void)
{
    return tcc_peekc_slow(file);
}

/* read next char from current input file and handle end of input buffer */
static inline void inp(void)
{
    ch = *(++(file->buf_ptr));
    /* end of buffer/file handling */
    if (ch == CH_EOB)
        ch = handle_eob();
}

/* handle '\[\r]\n' */
static void handle_stray(void)
{
    while (ch == '\\') {
        inp();
        if (ch == '\n') {
            file->line_num++;
            inp();
        } else if (ch == '\r') {
            inp();
            if (ch != '\n')
                goto fail;
            file->line_num++;
            inp();
        } else {
        fail:
            error("stray '\\' in program");
        }
    }
}

/* skip the stray and handle the \\n case. Output an error if
   incorrect char after the stray */
static int handle_stray1(uint8_t *p)
{
    int c;

    if (p >= file->buf_end) {
        file->buf_ptr = p;
        c = handle_eob();
        p = file->buf_ptr;
        if (c == '\\')
            goto parse_stray;
    } else {
    parse_stray:
        file->buf_ptr = p;
        ch = *p;
        handle_stray();
        p = file->buf_ptr;
        c = *p;
    }
    return c;
}

/* handle the complicated stray case */
#define PEEKC(c, p)\
{\
    p++;\
    c = *p;\
    if (c == '\\') {\
        c = handle_stray1(p);\
        p = file->buf_ptr;\
    }\
}

/* input with '\[\r]\n' handling. Note that this function cannot
   handle other characters after '\', so you cannot call it inside
   strings or comments */
static void minp(void)
{
    inp();
    if (ch == '\\') 
        handle_stray();
}


static void parse_line_comment(void)
{
    /* single line C++ comments */
    /* XXX: accept '\\\n' ? */
    inp();
    while (ch != '\n' && ch != CH_EOF)
        inp();
}

static void parse_comment(void)
{
    uint8_t *p;
    int c;
    
    /* C comments */
    p = file->buf_ptr;
    p++;
    for(;;) {
        /* fast skip loop */
        for(;;) {
            c = *p;
            if (c == '\n' || c == '*' || c == '\\')
                break;
            p++;
            c = *p;
            if (c == '\n' || c == '*' || c == '\\')
                break;
            p++;
        }
        /* now we can handle all the cases */
        if (c == '\n') {
            file->line_num++;
            p++;
        } else if (c == '*') {
            p++;
            for(;;) {
                c = *p;
                if (c == '*') {
                    p++;
                } else if (c == '/') {
                    goto end_of_comment;
                } else if (c == '\\') {
                    file->buf_ptr = p;
                    c = handle_eob();
                    if (c == '\\') {
                        /* skip '\\n', but if '\' followed but another
                           char, behave asif a stray was parsed */
                        ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
                        while (ch == '\\') {
                            inp();
                            if (ch == '\n') {
                                file->line_num++;
                                inp();
                            } else if (ch == '\r') {
                                inp();
                                if (ch == '\n') {
                                    file->line_num++;
                                    inp();
                                }
                            } else {
                                p = file->buf_ptr;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    p = file->buf_ptr;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else {
            /* stray, eob or eof */
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            c = handle_eob();
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            if (c == CH_EOF) {
                error("unexpected end of file in comment");
            } else if (c == '\\') {
                p++;
            }
        }
    }
 end_of_comment:
    p++;
    file->buf_ptr = p;
    ch = *p;
}

#define cinp minp

/* space exlcuding newline */
static inline int is_space(int ch)
{
    return ch == ' ' || ch == '\t' || ch == '\v' || ch == '\f' || ch == '\r';
}

static inline void skip_spaces(void)
{
    while (is_space(ch))
        cinp();
}

/* skip block of text until #else, #elif or #endif. skip also pairs of
   #if/#endif */
void preprocess_skip(void)
{
    int a, start_of_line, sep, c;
    uint8_t *p;

    p = file->buf_ptr;
    start_of_line = 1;
    a = 0;
    for(;;) {
    redo_no_start:
        c = *p;
        switch(c) {
        case ' ':
        case '\t':
        case '\f':
        case '\v':
        case '\r':
            p++;
            goto redo_no_start;
        case '\n':
            start_of_line = 1;
            file->line_num++;
            p++;
            goto redo_no_start;
        case '\\':
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            c = handle_eob();
            if (c == CH_EOF) {
                expect("#endif");
            } else if (c == '\\') {
                /* XXX: incorrect: should not give an error */
                ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
                handle_stray();
            }
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            goto redo_no_start;
            /* skip strings */
        case '\"':
        case '\'':
            sep = c;
            p++;
            for(;;) {
                c = *p;
                if (c == sep) {
                    break;
                } else if (c == '\\') {
                    file->buf_ptr = p;
                    c = handle_eob();
                    p = file->buf_ptr;
                    if (c == CH_EOF) {
                        /* XXX: better error message */
                        error("unterminated string");
                    } else if (c == '\\') {
                        /* ignore next char */
                        p++;
                        c = *p;
                        if (c == '\\') {
                            file->buf_ptr = p;
                            c = handle_eob();
                            p = file->buf_ptr;
                        }
                        if (c == '\n')
                            file->line_num++;
                        else if (c != CH_EOF)
                            p++;
                    }
                } else if (c == '\n') {
                    file->line_num++;
                    p++;
                } else {
                    p++;
                }
            }
            p++;
            break;
            /* skip comments */
        case '/':
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            ch = *p;
            minp();
            if (ch == '*') {
                parse_comment();
            } else if (ch == '/') {
                parse_line_comment();
            }
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            break;

        case '#':
            p++;
            if (start_of_line) {
                file->buf_ptr = p;
                next_nomacro();
                p = file->buf_ptr;
                if (a == 0 && 
                    (tok == TOK_ELSE || tok == TOK_ELIF || tok == TOK_ENDIF))
                    goto the_end;
                if (tok == TOK_IF || tok == TOK_IFDEF || tok == TOK_IFNDEF)
                    a++;
                else if (tok == TOK_ENDIF)
                    a--;
            }
            break;
        default:
            p++;
            break;
        }
        start_of_line = 0;
    }
 the_end: ;
    file->buf_ptr = p;
}

/* ParseState handling */

/* XXX: currently, no include file info is stored. Thus, we cannot display
   accurate messages if the function or data definition spans multiple
   files */

/* save current parse state in 's' */
void save_parse_state(ParseState *s)
{
    s->line_num = file->line_num;
    s->macro_ptr = macro_ptr;
    s->tok = tok;
    s->tokc = tokc;
}

/* restore parse state from 's' */
void restore_parse_state(ParseState *s)
{
    file->line_num = s->line_num;
    macro_ptr = s->macro_ptr;
    tok = s->tok;
    tokc = s->tokc;
}

/* return the number of additionnal 'ints' necessary to store the
   token */
static inline int tok_ext_size(int t)
{
    switch(t) {
        /* 4 bytes */
    case TOK_CINT:
    case TOK_CUINT:
    case TOK_CCHAR:
    case TOK_LCHAR:
    case TOK_STR:
    case TOK_LSTR:
    case TOK_CFLOAT:
    case TOK_LINENUM:
    case TOK_PPNUM:
        return 1;
    case TOK_CDOUBLE:
    case TOK_CLLONG:
    case TOK_CULLONG:
        return 2;
    case TOK_CLDOUBLE:
        return LDOUBLE_SIZE / 4;
    default:
        return 0;
    }
}

/* token string handling */

static inline void tok_str_new(TokenString *s)
{
    s->str = NULL;
    s->len = 0;
    s->allocated_len = 0;
    s->last_line_num = -1;
}

static void tok_str_free(int *str)
{
    const int *p;
    CString *cstr;
    int t;

    p = str;
    for(;;) {
        t = *p;
        /* NOTE: we test zero separately so that GCC can generate a
           table for the following switch */
        if (t == 0)
            break;
        switch(t) {
        case TOK_CINT:
        case TOK_CUINT:
        case TOK_CCHAR:
        case TOK_LCHAR:
        case TOK_CFLOAT:
        case TOK_LINENUM:
            p += 2;
            break;
        case TOK_PPNUM:
        case TOK_STR:
        case TOK_LSTR:
            /* XXX: use a macro to be portable on 64 bit ? */
            cstr = (CString *)p[1];
            cstr_free(cstr);
            tcc_free(cstr);
            p += 2;
            break;
        case TOK_CDOUBLE:
        case TOK_CLLONG:
        case TOK_CULLONG:
            p += 3;
            break;
        case TOK_CLDOUBLE:
            p += 1 + (LDOUBLE_SIZE / 4);
            break;
        default:
            p++;
            break;
        }
    }
    tcc_free(str);
}

static int *tok_str_realloc(TokenString *s)
{
    int *str, len;

    len = s->allocated_len + TOK_STR_ALLOC_INCR;
    str = tcc_realloc(s->str, len * sizeof(int));
    if (!str)
        error("memory full");
    s->allocated_len = len;
    s->str = str;
    return str;
}

static void tok_str_add(TokenString *s, int t)
{
    int len, *str;

    len = s->len;
    str = s->str;
    if (len >= s->allocated_len)
        str = tok_str_realloc(s);
    str[len++] = t;
    s->len = len;
}

static void tok_str_add2(TokenString *s, int t, CValue *cv)
{
    int len, *str;

    len = s->len;
    str = s->str;

    /* allocate space for worst case */
    if (len + TOK_MAX_SIZE > s->allocated_len)
        str = tok_str_realloc(s);
    str[len++] = t;
    switch(t) {
    case TOK_CINT:
    case TOK_CUINT:
    case TOK_CCHAR:
    case TOK_LCHAR:
    case TOK_CFLOAT:
    case TOK_LINENUM:
        str[len++] = cv->tab[0];
        break;
    case TOK_PPNUM:
    case TOK_STR:
    case TOK_LSTR:
        str[len++] = (int)cstr_dup(cv->cstr);
        break;
    case TOK_CDOUBLE:
    case TOK_CLLONG:
    case TOK_CULLONG:
        str[len++] = cv->tab[0];
        str[len++] = cv->tab[1];
        break;
    case TOK_CLDOUBLE:
#if LDOUBLE_SIZE == 12
        str[len++] = cv->tab[0];
        str[len++] = cv->tab[1];
        str[len++] = cv->tab[2];
#else
#error add long double size support
#endif
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
    s->len = len;
}

/* add the current parse token in token string 's' */
static void tok_str_add_tok(TokenString *s)
{
    CValue cval;

    /* save line number info */
    if (file->line_num != s->last_line_num) {
        s->last_line_num = file->line_num;
        cval.i = s->last_line_num;
        tok_str_add2(s, TOK_LINENUM, &cval);
    }
    tok_str_add2(s, tok, &tokc);
}

#if LDOUBLE_SIZE == 12
#define LDOUBLE_GET(p, cv)                      \
        cv.tab[0] = p[0];                       \
        cv.tab[1] = p[1];                       \
        cv.tab[2] = p[2];
#else
#error add long double size support
#endif


/* get a token from an integer array and increment pointer
   accordingly. we code it as a macro to avoid pointer aliasing. */
#define TOK_GET(t, p, cv)                       \
{                                               \
    t = *p++;                                   \
    switch(t) {                                 \
    case TOK_CINT:                              \
    case TOK_CUINT:                             \
    case TOK_CCHAR:                             \
    case TOK_LCHAR:                             \
    case TOK_CFLOAT:                            \
    case TOK_LINENUM:                           \
    case TOK_STR:                               \
    case TOK_LSTR:                              \
    case TOK_PPNUM:                             \
        cv.tab[0] = *p++;                       \
        break;                                  \
    case TOK_CDOUBLE:                           \
    case TOK_CLLONG:                            \
    case TOK_CULLONG:                           \
        cv.tab[0] = p[0];                       \
        cv.tab[1] = p[1];                       \
        p += 2;                                 \
        break;                                  \
    case TOK_CLDOUBLE:                          \
        LDOUBLE_GET(p, cv);                     \
        p += LDOUBLE_SIZE / 4;                  \
        break;                                  \
    default:                                    \
        break;                                  \
    }                                           \
}

/* defines handling */
static inline void define_push(int v, int macro_type, int *str, Sym *first_arg)
{
    Sym *s;

    s = sym_push2(&define_stack, v, macro_type, (int)str);
    s->next = first_arg;
    table_ident[v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_define = s;
}

/* undefined a define symbol. Its name is just set to zero */
static void define_undef(Sym *s)
{
    int v;
    v = s->v;
    if (v >= TOK_IDENT && v < tok_ident)
        table_ident[v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_define = NULL;
    s->v = 0;
}

static inline Sym *define_find(int v)
{
    v -= TOK_IDENT;
    if ((unsigned)v >= (unsigned)(tok_ident - TOK_IDENT))
        return NULL;
    return table_ident[v]->sym_define;
}

/* free define stack until top reaches 'b' */
static void free_defines(Sym *b)
{
    Sym *top, *top1;
    int v;

    top = define_stack;
    while (top != b) {
        top1 = top->prev;
        /* do not free args or predefined defines */
        if (top->c)
            tok_str_free((int *)top->c);
        v = top->v;
        if (v >= TOK_IDENT && v < tok_ident)
            table_ident[v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_define = NULL;
        tcc_free(top);
        top = top1;
    }
    define_stack = b;
}

/* label lookup */
static Sym *label_find(int v)
{
    v -= TOK_IDENT;
    if ((unsigned)v >= (unsigned)(tok_ident - TOK_IDENT))
        return NULL;
    return table_ident[v]->sym_label;
}

static Sym *label_push(int v, int flags)
{
    Sym *s;
    s = sym_push2(&label_stack, v, 0, 0);
    s->r = flags;
    table_ident[v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_label = s;
    return s;
}

/* eval an expression for #if/#elif */
static int expr_preprocess(void)
{
    int c, t;
    TokenString str;
    
    tok_str_new(&str);
    while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED && tok != TOK_EOF) {
        next(); /* do macro subst */
        if (tok == TOK_DEFINED) {
            next_nomacro();
            t = tok;
            if (t == '(') 
                next_nomacro();
            c = define_find(tok) != 0;
            if (t == '(')
                next_nomacro();
            tok = TOK_CINT;
            tokc.i = c;
        } else if (tok >= TOK_IDENT) {
            /* if undefined macro */
            tok = TOK_CINT;
            tokc.i = 0;
        }
        tok_str_add_tok(&str);
    }
    tok_str_add(&str, -1); /* simulate end of file */
    tok_str_add(&str, 0);
    /* now evaluate C constant expression */
    macro_ptr = str.str;
    next();
    c = expr_const();
    macro_ptr = NULL;
    tok_str_free(str.str);
    return c != 0;
}

#if defined(PARSE_DEBUG) || defined(PP_DEBUG)
static void tok_print(int *str)
{
    int t;
    CValue cval;

    while (1) {
        TOK_GET(t, str, cval);
        if (!t)
            break;
        printf(" %s", get_tok_str(t, &cval));
    }
    printf("\n");
}
#endif

/* parse after #define */
static void parse_define(void)
{
    Sym *s, *first, **ps;
    int v, t, varg, is_vaargs, c;
    TokenString str;
    
    v = tok;
    if (v < TOK_IDENT)
        error("invalid macro name '%s'", get_tok_str(tok, &tokc));
    /* XXX: should check if same macro (ANSI) */
    first = NULL;
    t = MACRO_OBJ;
    /* '(' must be just after macro definition for MACRO_FUNC */
    c = file->buf_ptr[0];
    if (c == '\\')
        c = handle_stray1(file->buf_ptr);
    if (c == '(') {
        next_nomacro();
        next_nomacro();
        ps = &first;
        while (tok != ')') {
            varg = tok;
            next_nomacro();
            is_vaargs = 0;
            if (varg == TOK_DOTS) {
                varg = TOK___VA_ARGS__;
                is_vaargs = 1;
            } else if (tok == TOK_DOTS && gnu_ext) {
                is_vaargs = 1;
                next_nomacro();
            }
            if (varg < TOK_IDENT)
                error("badly punctuated parameter list");
            s = sym_push2(&define_stack, varg | SYM_FIELD, is_vaargs, 0);
            *ps = s;
            ps = &s->next;
            if (tok != ',')
                break;
            next_nomacro();
        }
        t = MACRO_FUNC;
    }
    tok_str_new(&str);
    next_nomacro();
    /* EOF testing necessary for '-D' handling */
    while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED && tok != TOK_EOF) {
        tok_str_add2(&str, tok, &tokc);
        next_nomacro();
    }
    tok_str_add(&str, 0);
#ifdef PP_DEBUG
    printf("define %s %d: ", get_tok_str(v, NULL), t);
    tok_print(str.str);
#endif
    define_push(v, t, str.str, first);
}

/* XXX: use a token or a hash table to accelerate matching ? */
static CachedInclude *search_cached_include(TCCState *s1,
                                            int type, const char *filename)
{
    CachedInclude *e;
    int i;

    for(i = 0;i < s1->nb_cached_includes; i++) {
        e = s1->cached_includes[i];
        if (e->type == type && !strcmp(e->filename, filename))
            return e;
    }
    return NULL;
}

static inline void add_cached_include(TCCState *s1, int type, 
                                      const char *filename, int ifndef_macro)
{
    CachedInclude *e;

    if (search_cached_include(s1, type, filename))
        return;
#ifdef INC_DEBUG
    printf("adding cached '%s' %s\n", filename, get_tok_str(ifndef_macro, NULL));
#endif
    e = tcc_malloc(sizeof(CachedInclude) + strlen(filename));
    if (!e)
        return;
    e->type = type;
    strcpy(e->filename, filename);
    e->ifndef_macro = ifndef_macro;
    dynarray_add((void ***)&s1->cached_includes, &s1->nb_cached_includes, e);
}

/* is_bof is true if first non space token at beginning of file */
static void preprocess(int is_bof)
{
    TCCState *s1 = tcc_state;
    int size, i, c, n;
    char buf[1024], *q, *p;
    char buf1[1024];
    BufferedFile *f;
    Sym *s;
    CachedInclude *e;
    
    return_linefeed = 1; /* linefeed will be returned as a
                            token. EOF is also returned as line feed */
    next_nomacro();
 redo:
    switch(tok) {
    case TOK_DEFINE:
        next_nomacro();
        parse_define();
        break;
    case TOK_UNDEF:
        next_nomacro();
        s = define_find(tok);
        /* undefine symbol by putting an invalid name */
        if (s)
            define_undef(s);
        break;
    case TOK_INCLUDE:
        ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
        /* XXX: incorrect if comments : use next_nomacro with a special mode */
        skip_spaces();
        if (ch == '<') {
            c = '>';
            goto read_name;
        } else if (ch == '\"') {
            c = ch;
        read_name:
            /* XXX: better stray handling */
            minp();
            q = buf;
            while (ch != c && ch != '\n' && ch != CH_EOF) {
                if ((q - buf) < sizeof(buf) - 1)
                    *q++ = ch;
                minp();
            }
            *q = '\0';
            minp();
#if 0
            /* eat all spaces and comments after include */
            /* XXX: slightly incorrect */
            while (ch1 != '\n' && ch1 != CH_EOF)
                inp();
#endif
        } else {
            /* computed #include : either we have only strings or
               we have anything enclosed in '<>' */
            next();
            buf[0] = '\0';
            if (tok == TOK_STR) {
                while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED) {
                    if (tok != TOK_STR) {
                    include_syntax:
                        error("'#include' expects \"FILENAME\" or <FILENAME>");
                    }
                    pstrcat(buf, sizeof(buf), (char *)tokc.cstr->data);
                    next();
                }
                c = '\"';
            } else {
                int len;
                while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED) {
                    pstrcat(buf, sizeof(buf), get_tok_str(tok, &tokc));
                    next();
                }
                len = strlen(buf);
                /* check syntax and remove '<>' */
                if (len < 2 || buf[0] != '<' || buf[len - 1] != '>')
                    goto include_syntax;
                memmove(buf, buf + 1, len - 2);
                buf[len - 2] = '\0';
                c = '>';
            }
        }

        e = search_cached_include(s1, c, buf);
        if (e && define_find(e->ifndef_macro)) {
            /* no need to parse the include because the 'ifndef macro'
               is defined */
#ifdef INC_DEBUG
            printf("%s: skipping %s\n", file->filename, buf);
#endif
        } else {
            if (c == '\"') {
                /* first search in current dir if "header.h" */
                size = 0;
                p = strrchr(file->filename, '/');
                if (p) 
                    size = p + 1 - file->filename;
                if (size > sizeof(buf1) - 1)
                    size = sizeof(buf1) - 1;
                memcpy(buf1, file->filename, size);
                buf1[size] = '\0';
                pstrcat(buf1, sizeof(buf1), buf);
                f = tcc_open(s1, buf1);
                if (f)
                    goto found;
            }
            if (s1->include_stack_ptr >= s1->include_stack + INCLUDE_STACK_SIZE)
                error("#include recursion too deep");
            /* now search in all the include paths */
            n = s1->nb_include_paths + s1->nb_sysinclude_paths;
            for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                const char *path;
                if (i < s1->nb_include_paths)
                    path = s1->include_paths[i];
                else
                    path = s1->sysinclude_paths[i - s1->nb_include_paths];
                pstrcpy(buf1, sizeof(buf1), path);
                pstrcat(buf1, sizeof(buf1), "/");
                pstrcat(buf1, sizeof(buf1), buf);
                f = tcc_open(s1, buf1);
                if (f)
                    goto found;
            }
            error("include file '%s' not found", buf);
            f = NULL;
        found:
#ifdef INC_DEBUG
            printf("%s: including %s\n", file->filename, buf1);
#endif
            f->inc_type = c;
            pstrcpy(f->inc_filename, sizeof(f->inc_filename), buf);
            /* push current file in stack */
            /* XXX: fix current line init */
            *s1->include_stack_ptr++ = file;
            file = f;
            /* add include file debug info */
            if (do_debug) {
                put_stabs(file->filename, N_BINCL, 0, 0, 0);
            }
            tok_flags |= TOK_FLAG_BOF | TOK_FLAG_BOL;
            ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
            goto the_end;
        }
        break;
    case TOK_IFNDEF:
        c = 1;
        goto do_ifdef;
    case TOK_IF:
        c = expr_preprocess();
        goto do_if;
    case TOK_IFDEF:
        c = 0;
    do_ifdef:
        next_nomacro();
        if (tok < TOK_IDENT)
            error("invalid argument for '#if%sdef'", c ? "n" : "");
        if (is_bof) {
            if (c) {
#ifdef INC_DEBUG
                printf("#ifndef %s\n", get_tok_str(tok, NULL));
#endif
                file->ifndef_macro = tok;
            }
        }
        c = (define_find(tok) != 0) ^ c;
    do_if:
        if (s1->ifdef_stack_ptr >= s1->ifdef_stack + IFDEF_STACK_SIZE)
            error("memory full");
        *s1->ifdef_stack_ptr++ = c;
        goto test_skip;
    case TOK_ELSE:
        if (s1->ifdef_stack_ptr == s1->ifdef_stack)
            error("#else without matching #if");
        if (s1->ifdef_stack_ptr[-1] & 2)
            error("#else after #else");
        c = (s1->ifdef_stack_ptr[-1] ^= 3);
        goto test_skip;
    case TOK_ELIF:
        if (s1->ifdef_stack_ptr == s1->ifdef_stack)
            error("#elif without matching #if");
        c = s1->ifdef_stack_ptr[-1];
        if (c > 1)
            error("#elif after #else");
        /* last #if/#elif expression was true: we skip */
        if (c == 1)
            goto skip;
        c = expr_preprocess();
        s1->ifdef_stack_ptr[-1] = c;
    test_skip:
        if (!(c & 1)) {
        skip:
            preprocess_skip();
            is_bof = 0;
            goto redo;
        }
        break;
    case TOK_ENDIF:
        if (s1->ifdef_stack_ptr <= file->ifdef_stack_ptr)
            error("#endif without matching #if");
        s1->ifdef_stack_ptr--;
        /* '#ifndef macro' was at the start of file. Now we check if
           an '#endif' is exactly at the end of file */
        if (file->ifndef_macro &&
            s1->ifdef_stack_ptr == file->ifdef_stack_ptr) {
            file->ifndef_macro_saved = file->ifndef_macro;
            /* need to set to zero to avoid false matches if another
               #ifndef at middle of file */
            file->ifndef_macro = 0;
            while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED)
                next_nomacro();
            tok_flags |= TOK_FLAG_ENDIF;
            goto the_end;
        }
        break;
    case TOK_LINE:
        next();
        if (tok != TOK_CINT)
            error("#line");
        file->line_num = tokc.i - 1; /* the line number will be incremented after */
        next();
        if (tok != TOK_LINEFEED) {
            if (tok != TOK_STR)
                error("#line");
            pstrcpy(file->filename, sizeof(file->filename), 
                    (char *)tokc.cstr->data);
        }
        break;
    case TOK_ERROR:
    case TOK_WARNING:
        c = tok;
        skip_spaces();
        q = buf;
        while (ch != '\n' && ch != CH_EOF) {
            if ((q - buf) < sizeof(buf) - 1)
                *q++ = ch;
            minp();
        }
        *q = '\0';
        if (c == TOK_ERROR)
            error("#error %s", buf);
        else
            warning("#warning %s", buf);
        break;
    case TOK_PRAGMA:
        /* ignored */
        break;
    default:
        if (tok == TOK_LINEFEED || tok == '!' || tok == TOK_CINT) {
            /* '!' is ignored to allow C scripts. numbers are ignored
               to emulate cpp behaviour */
        } else {
            error("invalid preprocessing directive #%s", get_tok_str(tok, &tokc));
        }
        break;
    }
    /* ignore other preprocess commands or #! for C scripts */
    while (tok != TOK_LINEFEED)
        next_nomacro();
 the_end:
    return_linefeed = 0;
}

/* read a number in base b */
static int getn(int b)
{
    int n, t;
    n = 0;
    while (1) {
        if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f')
            t = ch - 'a' + 10;
        else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F')
            t = ch - 'A' + 10;
        else if (isnum(ch))
            t = ch - '0';
        else
            break;
        if (t < 0 || t >= b)
            break;
        n = n * b + t;
        inp();
    }
    return n;
}

/* read a character for string or char constant and eval escape codes */
static int getq(void)
{
    int c;

 redo:
    c = ch;
    inp();
    if (c == '\\') {
        switch(ch) {
        case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
        case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
            /* at most three octal digits */
            c = ch - '0';
            inp();
            if (isoct(ch)) {
                c = c * 8 + ch - '0';
                inp();
                if (isoct(ch)) {
                    c = c * 8 + ch - '0';
                    inp();
                }
            }
            return c;
        case 'x':
            inp();
            return getn(16);
        case 'a':
            c = '\a';
            break;
        case 'b':
            c = '\b';
            break;
        case 'f':
            c = '\f';
            break;
        case 'n':
            c = '\n';
            break;
        case 'r':
            c = '\r';
            break;
        case 't':
            c = '\t';
            break;
        case 'v':
            c = '\v';
            break;
        case 'e':
            if (!gnu_ext)
                goto invalid_escape;
            c = 27;
            break;
        case '\'':
        case '\"':
        case '\\': 
        case '?':
            c = ch;
            break;
        case '\n':
            inp();
            goto redo;
        case '\r':
            inp();
            if (ch != '\n')
                goto invalid_escape;
            inp();
            goto redo;
        default:
        invalid_escape:
            error("invalid escaped char");
        }
        inp();
    } else if (c == '\r' && ch == '\n') {
        inp();
        c = '\n';
    }
    return c;
}

/* we use 64 bit numbers */
#define BN_SIZE 2

/* bn = (bn << shift) | or_val */
void bn_lshift(unsigned int *bn, int shift, int or_val)
{
    int i;
    unsigned int v;
    for(i=0;i<BN_SIZE;i++) {
        v = bn[i];
        bn[i] = (v << shift) | or_val;
        or_val = v >> (32 - shift);
    }
}

void bn_zero(unsigned int *bn)
{
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<BN_SIZE;i++) {
        bn[i] = 0;
    }
}

/* parse number in null terminated string 'p' and return it in the
   current token */
void parse_number(const char *p)
{
    int b, t, shift, frac_bits, s, exp_val, ch;
    char *q;
    unsigned int bn[BN_SIZE];
    double d;

    /* number */
    q = token_buf;
    ch = *p++;
    t = ch;
    ch = *p++;
    *q++ = t;
    b = 10;
    if (t == '.') {
        goto float_frac_parse;
    } else if (t == '0') {
        if (ch == 'x' || ch == 'X') {
            q--;
            ch = *p++;
            b = 16;
        } else if (tcc_ext && (ch == 'b' || ch == 'B')) {
            q--;
            ch = *p++;
            b = 2;
        }
    }
    /* parse all digits. cannot check octal numbers at this stage
       because of floating point constants */
    while (1) {
        if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f')
            t = ch - 'a' + 10;
        else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F')
            t = ch - 'A' + 10;
        else if (isnum(ch))
            t = ch - '0';
        else
            break;
        if (t >= b)
            break;
        if (q >= token_buf + STRING_MAX_SIZE) {
        num_too_long:
            error("number too long");
        }
        *q++ = ch;
        ch = *p++;
    }
    if (ch == '.' ||
        ((ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') && b == 10) ||
        ((ch == 'p' || ch == 'P') && (b == 16 || b == 2))) {
        if (b != 10) {
            /* NOTE: strtox should support that for hexa numbers, but
               non ISOC99 libcs do not support it, so we prefer to do
               it by hand */
            /* hexadecimal or binary floats */
            /* XXX: handle overflows */
            *q = '\0';
            if (b == 16)
                shift = 4;
            else 
                shift = 2;
            bn_zero(bn);
            q = token_buf;
            while (1) {
                t = *q++;
                if (t == '\0') {
                    break;
                } else if (t >= 'a') {
                    t = t - 'a' + 10;
                } else if (t >= 'A') {
                    t = t - 'A' + 10;
                } else {
                    t = t - '0';
                }
                bn_lshift(bn, shift, t);
            }
            frac_bits = 0;
            if (ch == '.') {
                ch = *p++;
                while (1) {
                    t = ch;
                    if (t >= 'a' && t <= 'f') {
                        t = t - 'a' + 10;
                    } else if (t >= 'A' && t <= 'F') {
                        t = t - 'A' + 10;
                    } else if (t >= '0' && t <= '9') {
                        t = t - '0';
                    } else {
                        break;
                    }
                    if (t >= b)
                        error("invalid digit");
                    bn_lshift(bn, shift, t);
                    frac_bits += shift;
                    ch = *p++;
                }
            }
            if (ch != 'p' && ch != 'P')
                expect("exponent");
            ch = *p++;
            s = 1;
            exp_val = 0;
            if (ch == '+') {
                ch = *p++;
            } else if (ch == '-') {
                s = -1;
                ch = *p++;
            }
            if (ch < '0' || ch > '9')
                expect("exponent digits");
            while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
                exp_val = exp_val * 10 + ch - '0';
                ch = *p++;
            }
            exp_val = exp_val * s;
            
            /* now we can generate the number */
            /* XXX: should patch directly float number */
            d = (double)bn[1] * 4294967296.0 + (double)bn[0];
            d = ldexp(d, exp_val - frac_bits);
            t = toup(ch);
            if (t == 'F') {
                ch = *p++;
                tok = TOK_CFLOAT;
                /* float : should handle overflow */
                tokc.f = (float)d;
            } else if (t == 'L') {
                ch = *p++;
                tok = TOK_CLDOUBLE;
                /* XXX: not large enough */
                tokc.ld = (long double)d;
            } else {
                tok = TOK_CDOUBLE;
                tokc.d = d;
            }
        } else {
            /* decimal floats */
            if (ch == '.') {
                if (q >= token_buf + STRING_MAX_SIZE)
                    goto num_too_long;
                *q++ = ch;
                ch = *p++;
            float_frac_parse:
                while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
                    if (q >= token_buf + STRING_MAX_SIZE)
                        goto num_too_long;
                    *q++ = ch;
                    ch = *p++;
                }
            }
            if (ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') {
                if (q >= token_buf + STRING_MAX_SIZE)
                    goto num_too_long;
                *q++ = ch;
                ch = *p++;
                if (ch == '-' || ch == '+') {
                    if (q >= token_buf + STRING_MAX_SIZE)
                        goto num_too_long;
                    *q++ = ch;
                    ch = *p++;
                }
                if (ch < '0' || ch > '9')
                    expect("exponent digits");
                while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
                    if (q >= token_buf + STRING_MAX_SIZE)
                        goto num_too_long;
                    *q++ = ch;
                    ch = *p++;
                }
            }
            *q = '\0';
            t = toup(ch);
            errno = 0;
            if (t == 'F') {
                ch = *p++;
                tok = TOK_CFLOAT;
                tokc.f = strtof(token_buf, NULL);
            } else if (t == 'L') {
                ch = *p++;
                tok = TOK_CLDOUBLE;
                tokc.ld = strtold(token_buf, NULL);
            } else {
                tok = TOK_CDOUBLE;
                tokc.d = strtod(token_buf, NULL);
            }
        }
    } else {
        unsigned long long n, n1;
        int lcount, ucount;

        /* integer number */
        *q = '\0';
        q = token_buf;
        if (b == 10 && *q == '0') {
            b = 8;
            q++;
        }
        n = 0;
        while(1) {
            t = *q++;
            /* no need for checks except for base 10 / 8 errors */
            if (t == '\0') {
                break;
            } else if (t >= 'a') {
                t = t - 'a' + 10;
            } else if (t >= 'A') {
                t = t - 'A' + 10;
            } else {
                t = t - '0';
                if (t >= b)
                    error("invalid digit");
            }
            n1 = n;
            n = n * b + t;
            /* detect overflow */
            /* XXX: this test is not reliable */
            if (n < n1)
                error("integer constant overflow");
        }
        
        /* XXX: not exactly ANSI compliant */
        if ((n & 0xffffffff00000000LL) != 0) {
            if ((n >> 63) != 0)
                tok = TOK_CULLONG;
            else
                tok = TOK_CLLONG;
        } else if (n > 0x7fffffff) {
            tok = TOK_CUINT;
        } else {
            tok = TOK_CINT;
        }
        lcount = 0;
        ucount = 0;
        for(;;) {
            t = toup(ch);
            if (t == 'L') {
                if (lcount >= 2)
                    error("three 'l's in integer constant");
                lcount++;
                if (lcount == 2) {
                    if (tok == TOK_CINT)
                        tok = TOK_CLLONG;
                    else if (tok == TOK_CUINT)
                        tok = TOK_CULLONG;
                }
                ch = *p++;
            } else if (t == 'U') {
                if (ucount >= 1)
                    error("two 'u's in integer constant");
                ucount++;
                if (tok == TOK_CINT)
                    tok = TOK_CUINT;
                else if (tok == TOK_CLLONG)
                    tok = TOK_CULLONG;
                ch = *p++;
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (tok == TOK_CINT || tok == TOK_CUINT)
            tokc.ui = n;
        else
            tokc.ull = n;
    }
}


#define PARSE2(c1, tok1, c2, tok2)              \
    case c1:                                    \
        PEEKC(c, p);                            \
        if (c == c2) {                          \
            p++;                                \
            tok = tok2;                         \
        } else {                                \
            tok = tok1;                         \
        }                                       \
        break;

/* return next token without macro substitution */
static inline void next_nomacro1(void)
{
    int b, t, c;
    TokenSym *ts;
    uint8_t *p, *p1;
    unsigned int h;

    p = file->buf_ptr;
 redo_no_start:
    c = *p;
    switch(c) {
    case ' ':
    case '\t':
    case '\f':
    case '\v':
    case '\r':
        p++;
        goto redo_no_start;
        
    case '\\':
        /* first look if it is in fact an end of buffer */
        if (p >= file->buf_end) {
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            handle_eob();
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            if (p >= file->buf_end)
                goto parse_eof;
            else
                goto redo_no_start;
        } else {
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            ch = *p;
            handle_stray();
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            goto redo_no_start;
        }
    parse_eof:
        {
            TCCState *s1 = tcc_state;

            if (return_linefeed) {
                tok = TOK_LINEFEED;
            } else if (s1->include_stack_ptr == s1->include_stack) {
                /* no include left : end of file */
                tok = TOK_EOF;
            } else {
                /* pop include file */
                
                /* test if previous '#endif' was after a #ifdef at
                   start of file */
                if (tok_flags & TOK_FLAG_ENDIF) {
#ifdef INC_DEBUG
                    printf("#endif %s\n", get_tok_str(file->ifndef_macro_saved, NULL));
#endif
                    add_cached_include(s1, file->inc_type, file->inc_filename,
                                       file->ifndef_macro_saved);
                }

                /* add end of include file debug info */
                if (do_debug) {
                    put_stabd(N_EINCL, 0, 0);
                }
                /* pop include stack */
                tcc_close(file);
                s1->include_stack_ptr--;
                file = *s1->include_stack_ptr;
                p = file->buf_ptr;
                goto redo_no_start;
            }
        }
        break;

    case '\n':
        if (return_linefeed) {
            tok = TOK_LINEFEED;
        } else {
            file->line_num++;
            tok_flags |= TOK_FLAG_BOL;
            p++;
            goto redo_no_start;
        }
        break;

    case '#':
        /* XXX: simplify */
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (tok_flags & TOK_FLAG_BOL) {
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            preprocess(tok_flags & TOK_FLAG_BOF);
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            goto redo_no_start;
        } else {
            if (c == '#') {
                p++;
                tok = TOK_TWOSHARPS;
            } else {
                tok = '#';
            }
        }
        break;

    case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd':
    case 'e': case 'f': case 'g': case 'h':
    case 'i': case 'j': case 'k': case 'l':
    case 'm': case 'n': case 'o': case 'p':
    case 'q': case 'r': case 's': case 't':
    case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x':
    case 'y': case 'z': 
    case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D':
    case 'E': case 'F': case 'G': case 'H':
    case 'I': case 'J': case 'K': 
    case 'M': case 'N': case 'O': case 'P':
    case 'Q': case 'R': case 'S': case 'T':
    case 'U': case 'V': case 'W': case 'X':
    case 'Y': case 'Z': 
    case '_':
    parse_ident_fast:
        p1 = p;
        h = TOK_HASH_INIT;
        h = TOK_HASH_FUNC(h, c);
        p++;
        for(;;) {
            c = *p;
            if (!isid(c) && !isnum(c))
                break;
            h = TOK_HASH_FUNC(h, c);
            p++;
        }
        if (c != '\\') {
            TokenSym **pts;
            int len;

            /* fast case : no stray found, so we have the full token
               and we have already hashed it */
            len = p - p1;
            h &= (TOK_HASH_SIZE - 1);
            pts = &hash_ident[h];
            for(;;) {
                ts = *pts;
                if (!ts)
                    break;
                if (ts->len == len && !memcmp(ts->str, p1, len))
                    goto token_found;
                pts = &(ts->hash_next);
            }
            ts = tok_alloc_new(pts, p1, len);
        token_found: ;
        } else {
            /* slower case */
            cstr_reset(&tokcstr);

            while (p1 < p) {
                cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, *p1);
                p1++;
            }
            p--;
            PEEKC(c, p);
        parse_ident_slow:
            while (isid(c) || isnum(c)) {
                cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, c);
                PEEKC(c, p);
            }
            ts = tok_alloc(tokcstr.data, tokcstr.size);
        }
        tok = ts->tok;
        break;
    case 'L':
        t = p[1];
        if (t != '\\' && t != '\'' && t != '\"') {
            /* fast case */
            goto parse_ident_fast;
        } else {
            PEEKC(c, p);
            if (c == '\'') {
                tok = TOK_LCHAR;
                goto char_const; 
            } else if (c == '\"') {
                tok = TOK_LSTR;
                goto str_const;
            } else {
                cstr_reset(&tokcstr);
                cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, 'L');
                goto parse_ident_slow;
            }
        }
        break;
    case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
    case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
    case '8': case '9':

        cstr_reset(&tokcstr);
        /* after the first digit, accept digits, alpha, '.' or sign if
           prefixed by 'eEpP' */
    parse_num:
        for(;;) {
            t = c;
            cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, c);
            PEEKC(c, p);
            if (!(isnum(c) || isid(c) || c == '.' ||
                  ((c == '+' || c == '-') && 
                   (t == 'e' || t == 'E' || t == 'p' || t == 'P'))))
                break;
        }
        /* We add a trailing '\0' to ease parsing */
        cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, '\0');
        tokc.cstr = &tokcstr;
        tok = TOK_PPNUM;
        break;
    case '.':
        /* special dot handling because it can also start a number */
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (isnum(c)) {
            cstr_reset(&tokcstr);
            cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, '.');
            goto parse_num;
        } else if (c == '.') {
            PEEKC(c, p);
            if (c != '.')
                expect("'.'");
            PEEKC(c, p);
            tok = TOK_DOTS;
        } else {
            tok = '.';
        }
        break;
    case '\'':
        tok = TOK_CCHAR;
    char_const:
        file->buf_ptr = p;
        inp();
        b = getq();
        /* this cast is needed if >= 128 */
        if (tok == TOK_CCHAR)
            b = (char)b; 
        tokc.i = b;
        if (ch != '\'')
            error("unterminated character constant");
        p = file->buf_ptr;
        p++;
        break;
    case '\"':
        tok = TOK_STR;
    str_const:
        file->buf_ptr = p;
        inp();
        cstr_reset(&tokcstr);
        while (ch != '\"') {
            b = getq();
            if (ch == CH_EOF)
                error("unterminated string");
            if (tok == TOK_STR)
                cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, b);
            else
                cstr_wccat(&tokcstr, b);
        }
        if (tok == TOK_STR)
            cstr_ccat(&tokcstr, '\0');
        else
            cstr_wccat(&tokcstr, '\0');
        tokc.cstr = &tokcstr;
        p = file->buf_ptr;
        p++;
        break;

    case '<':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_LE;
        } else if (c == '<') {
            PEEKC(c, p);
            if (c == '=') {
                p++;
                tok = TOK_A_SHL;
            } else {
                tok = TOK_SHL;
            }
        } else {
            tok = TOK_LT;
        }
        break;
        
    case '>':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_GE;
        } else if (c == '>') {
            PEEKC(c, p);
            if (c == '=') {
                p++;
                tok = TOK_A_SAR;
            } else {
                tok = TOK_SAR;
            }
        } else {
            tok = TOK_GT;
        }
        break;
        
    case '&':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '&') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_LAND;
        } else if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_A_AND;
        } else {
            tok = '&';
        }
        break;
        
    case '|':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '|') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_LOR;
        } else if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_A_OR;
        } else {
            tok = '|';
        }
        break;

    case '+':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '+') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_INC;
        } else if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_A_ADD;
        } else {
            tok = '+';
        }
        break;
        
    case '-':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '-') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_DEC;
        } else if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_A_SUB;
        } else if (c == '>') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_ARROW;
        } else {
            tok = '-';
        }
        break;

    PARSE2('!', '!', '=', TOK_NE)
    PARSE2('=', '=', '=', TOK_EQ)
    PARSE2('*', '*', '=', TOK_A_MUL)
    PARSE2('%', '%', '=', TOK_A_MOD)
    PARSE2('^', '^', '=', TOK_A_XOR)
        
        /* comments or operator */
    case '/':
        PEEKC(c, p);
        if (c == '*') {
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            parse_comment();
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            goto redo_no_start;
        } else if (c == '/') {
            file->buf_ptr = p;
            parse_line_comment();
            p = file->buf_ptr;
            goto redo_no_start;
        } else if (c == '=') {
            p++;
            tok = TOK_A_DIV;
        } else {
            tok = '/';
        }
        break;
        
        /* simple tokens */
    case '(':
    case ')':
    case '[':
    case ']':
    case '{':
    case '}':
    case ',':
    case ';':
    case ':':
    case '?':
    case '~':
        tok = c;
        p++;
        break;
    default:
        error("unrecognized character \\x%02x", c);
        break;
    }
    file->buf_ptr = p;
    tok_flags = 0;
#if defined(PARSE_DEBUG)
    printf("token = %s\n", get_tok_str(tok, &tokc));
#endif
}

/* return next token without macro substitution. Can read input from
   macro_ptr buffer */
static void next_nomacro(void)
{
    if (macro_ptr) {
    redo:
        tok = *macro_ptr;
        if (tok) {
            TOK_GET(tok, macro_ptr, tokc);
            if (tok == TOK_LINENUM) {
                file->line_num = tokc.i;
                goto redo;
            }
        }
    } else {
        next_nomacro1();
    }
}

/* substitute args in macro_str and return allocated string */
static int *macro_arg_subst(Sym **nested_list, int *macro_str, Sym *args)
{
    int *st, last_tok, t, notfirst;
    Sym *s;
    CValue cval;
    TokenString str;
    CString cstr;

    tok_str_new(&str);
    last_tok = 0;
    while(1) {
        TOK_GET(t, macro_str, cval);
        if (!t)
            break;
        if (t == '#') {
            /* stringize */
            TOK_GET(t, macro_str, cval);
            if (!t)
                break;
            s = sym_find2(args, t);
            if (s) {
                cstr_new(&cstr);
                st = (int *)s->c;
                notfirst = 0;
                while (*st) {
                    if (notfirst)
                        cstr_ccat(&cstr, ' ');
                    TOK_GET(t, st, cval);
                    cstr_cat(&cstr, get_tok_str(t, &cval));
                    notfirst = 1;
                }
                cstr_ccat(&cstr, '\0');
#ifdef PP_DEBUG
                printf("stringize: %s\n", (char *)cstr.data);
#endif
                /* add string */
                cval.cstr = &cstr;
                tok_str_add2(&str, TOK_STR, &cval);
                cstr_free(&cstr);
            } else {
                tok_str_add2(&str, t, &cval);
            }
        } else if (t >= TOK_IDENT) {
            s = sym_find2(args, t);
            if (s) {
                st = (int *)s->c;
                /* if '##' is present before or after, no arg substitution */
                if (*macro_str == TOK_TWOSHARPS || last_tok == TOK_TWOSHARPS) {
                    /* special case for var arg macros : ## eats the
                       ',' if empty VA_ARGS variable. */
                    /* XXX: test of the ',' is not 100%
                       reliable. should fix it to avoid security
                       problems */
                    if (gnu_ext && s->type.t &&
                        last_tok == TOK_TWOSHARPS && 
                        str.len >= 2 && str.str[str.len - 2] == ',') {
                        if (*st == 0) {
                            /* suppress ',' '##' */
                            str.len -= 2;
                        } else {
                            /* suppress '##' and add variable */
                            str.len--;
                            goto add_var;
                        }
                    } else {
                        int t1;
                    add_var:
                        for(;;) {
                            TOK_GET(t1, st, cval);
                            if (!t1)
                                break;
                            tok_str_add2(&str, t1, &cval);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    macro_subst(&str, nested_list, st);
                }
            } else {
                tok_str_add(&str, t);
            }
        } else {
            tok_str_add2(&str, t, &cval);
        }
        last_tok = t;
    }
    tok_str_add(&str, 0);
    return str.str;
}

/* handle the '##' operator */
static int *macro_twosharps(void)
{
    TokenSym *ts;
    int *macro_ptr1;
    int t;
    const char *p1, *p2;
    CValue cval;
    TokenString macro_str1;
    CString cstr;

    cstr_new(&cstr);
    tok_str_new(&macro_str1);
    tok = 0;
    while (1) {
        next_nomacro();
        if (tok == 0)
            break;
        while (*macro_ptr == TOK_TWOSHARPS) {
            macro_ptr++;
            macro_ptr1 = macro_ptr;
            t = *macro_ptr;
            if (t) {
                TOK_GET(t, macro_ptr, cval);

                /* We concatenate the two tokens if we have an
                   identifier or a preprocessing number */
                cstr_reset(&cstr);
                p1 = get_tok_str(tok, &tokc);
                cstr_cat(&cstr, p1);
                p2 = get_tok_str(t, &cval);
                cstr_cat(&cstr, p2);
                cstr_ccat(&cstr, '\0');
                
                if ((tok >= TOK_IDENT || tok == TOK_PPNUM) && 
                    (t >= TOK_IDENT || t == TOK_PPNUM)) {
                    if (tok == TOK_PPNUM) {
                        /* if number, then create a number token */
                        /* NOTE: no need to allocate because
                           tok_str_add2() does it */
                        tokc.cstr = &cstr;
                    } else {
                        /* if identifier, we must do a test to
                           validate we have a correct identifier */
                        if (t == TOK_PPNUM) {
                            const char *p;
                            int c;

                            p = p2;
                            for(;;) {
                                c = *p;
                                if (c == '\0')
                                    break;
                                p++;
                                if (!isnum(c) && !isid(c))
                                    goto error_pasting;
                            }
                        }
                        ts = tok_alloc(cstr.data, strlen(cstr.data));
                        tok = ts->tok; /* modify current token */
                    }
                } else {
                    const char *str = cstr.data;
                    const unsigned char *q;

                    /* we look for a valid token */
                    /* XXX: do more extensive checks */
                    if (!strcmp(str, ">>=")) {
                        tok = TOK_A_SAR;
                    } else if (!strcmp(str, "<<=")) {
                        tok = TOK_A_SHL;
                    } else if (strlen(str) == 2) {
                        /* search in two bytes table */
                        q = tok_two_chars;
                        for(;;) {
                            if (!*q)
                                goto error_pasting;
                            if (q[0] == str[0] && q[1] == str[1])
                                break;
                            q += 3;
                        }
                        tok = q[2];
                    } else {
                    error_pasting:
                        /* NOTE: because get_tok_str use a static buffer,
                           we must save it */
                        cstr_reset(&cstr);
                        p1 = get_tok_str(tok, &tokc);
                        cstr_cat(&cstr, p1);
                        cstr_ccat(&cstr, '\0');
                        p2 = get_tok_str(t, &cval);
                        warning("pasting \"%s\" and \"%s\" does not give a valid preprocessing token", cstr.data, p2);
                        /* cannot merge tokens: just add them separately */
                        tok_str_add2(&macro_str1, tok, &tokc);
                        /* XXX: free associated memory ? */
                        tok = t;
                        tokc = cval;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        tok_str_add2(&macro_str1, tok, &tokc);
    }
    cstr_free(&cstr);
    tok_str_add(&macro_str1, 0);
    return macro_str1.str;
}


/* do macro substitution of current token with macro 's' and add
   result to (tok_str,tok_len). 'nested_list' is the list of all
   macros we got inside to avoid recursing. Return non zero if no
   substitution needs to be done */
static int macro_subst_tok(TokenString *tok_str,
                           Sym **nested_list, Sym *s)
{
    Sym *args, *sa, *sa1;
    int mstr_allocated, parlevel, *mstr, t;
    TokenString str;
    char *cstrval;
    CValue cval;
    CString cstr;
            
    /* if symbol is a macro, prepare substitution */
    /* if nested substitution, do nothing */
    if (sym_find2(*nested_list, tok))
        return -1;

    /* special macros */
    if (tok == TOK___LINE__) {
        cval.i = file->line_num;
        tok_str_add2(tok_str, TOK_CINT, &cval);
    } else if (tok == TOK___FILE__) {
        cstrval = file->filename;
        goto add_cstr;
        tok_str_add2(tok_str, TOK_STR, &cval);
    } else if (tok == TOK___DATE__) {
        cstrval = "Jan  1 2002";
        goto add_cstr;
    } else if (tok == TOK___TIME__) {
        cstrval = "00:00:00";
    add_cstr:
        cstr_new(&cstr);
        cstr_cat(&cstr, cstrval);
        cstr_ccat(&cstr, '\0');
        cval.cstr = &cstr;
        tok_str_add2(tok_str, TOK_STR, &cval);
        cstr_free(&cstr);
    } else {
        mstr = (int *)s->c;
        mstr_allocated = 0;
        if (s->type.t == MACRO_FUNC) {
            /* NOTE: we do not use next_nomacro to avoid eating the
               next token. XXX: find better solution */
            if (macro_ptr) {
                t = *macro_ptr;
            } else {
                /* XXX: incorrect with comments */
                ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
                while (is_space(ch) || ch == '\n')
                    cinp();
                t = ch;
            }
            if (t != '(') /* no macro subst */
                return -1;
                    
            /* argument macro */
            next_nomacro();
            next_nomacro();
            args = NULL;
            sa = s->next;
            /* NOTE: empty args are allowed, except if no args */
            for(;;) {
                /* handle '()' case */
                if (!args && tok == ')')
                    break;
                if (!sa)
                    error("macro '%s' used with too many args",
                          get_tok_str(s->v, 0));
                tok_str_new(&str);
                parlevel = 0;
                /* NOTE: non zero sa->t indicates VA_ARGS */
                while ((parlevel > 0 || 
                        (tok != ')' && 
                         (tok != ',' || sa->type.t))) && 
                       tok != -1) {
                    if (tok == '(')
                        parlevel++;
                    else if (tok == ')')
                        parlevel--;
                    tok_str_add2(&str, tok, &tokc);
                    next_nomacro();
                }
                tok_str_add(&str, 0);
                sym_push2(&args, sa->v & ~SYM_FIELD, sa->type.t, (int)str.str);
                sa = sa->next;
                if (tok == ')') {
                    /* special case for gcc var args: add an empty
                       var arg argument if it is omitted */
                    if (sa && sa->type.t && gnu_ext)
                        continue;
                    else
                        break;
                }
                if (tok != ',')
                    expect(",");
                next_nomacro();
            }
            if (sa) {
                error("macro '%s' used with too few args",
                      get_tok_str(s->v, 0));
            }

            /* now subst each arg */
            mstr = macro_arg_subst(nested_list, mstr, args);
            /* free memory */
            sa = args;
            while (sa) {
                sa1 = sa->prev;
                tok_str_free((int *)sa->c);
                tcc_free(sa);
                sa = sa1;
            }
            mstr_allocated = 1;
        }
        sym_push2(nested_list, s->v, 0, 0);
        macro_subst(tok_str, nested_list, mstr);
        /* pop nested defined symbol */
        sa1 = *nested_list;
        *nested_list = sa1->prev;
        tcc_free(sa1);
        if (mstr_allocated)
            tok_str_free(mstr);
    }
    return 0;
}

/* do macro substitution of macro_str and add result to
   (tok_str,tok_len). 'nested_list' is the list of all macros we got
   inside to avoid recursing. */
static void macro_subst(TokenString *tok_str,
                        Sym **nested_list, int *macro_str)
{
    Sym *s;
    int *saved_macro_ptr;
    int *macro_str1;

    saved_macro_ptr = macro_ptr;
    macro_ptr = macro_str;
    /* first scan for '##' operator handling */
    macro_str1 = macro_twosharps();
    macro_ptr = macro_str1;

    while (1) {
        next_nomacro();
        if (tok == 0)
            break;
        s = define_find(tok);
        if (s != NULL) {
            if (macro_subst_tok(tok_str, nested_list, s) != 0)
                goto no_subst;
        } else {
        no_subst:
            tok_str_add2(tok_str, tok, &tokc);
        }
    }
    macro_ptr = saved_macro_ptr;
    tok_str_free(macro_str1);
}

/* return next token with macro substitution */
static void next(void)
{
    Sym *nested_list, *s;
    TokenString str;

    /* special 'ungettok' case for label parsing */
    if (tok1) {
        tok = tok1;
        tokc = tok1c;
        tok1 = 0;
    } else {
    redo:
        next_nomacro();
        if (!macro_ptr) {
            /* if not reading from macro substituted string, then try
               to substitute macros */
            if (tok >= TOK_IDENT) {
                s = define_find(tok);
                if (s) {
                    /* we have a macro: we try to substitute */
                    tok_str_new(&str);
                    nested_list = NULL;
                    if (macro_subst_tok(&str, &nested_list, s) == 0) {
                        /* substitution done, NOTE: maybe empty */
                        tok_str_add(&str, 0);
                        macro_ptr = str.str;
                        macro_ptr_allocated = str.str;
                        goto redo;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            if (tok == 0) {
                /* end of macro string: free it */
                tok_str_free(macro_ptr_allocated);
                macro_ptr = NULL;
                goto redo;
            }
        }

        /* convert preprocessor tokens into C tokens */
        if (tok == TOK_PPNUM) {
            parse_number((char *)tokc.cstr->data);
        }
    }
}

void swap(int *p, int *q)
{
    int t;
    t = *p;
    *p = *q;
    *q = t;
}

void vsetc(CType *type, int r, CValue *vc)
{
    int v;

    if (vtop >= vstack + VSTACK_SIZE)
        error("memory full");
    /* cannot let cpu flags if other instruction are generated. Also
       avoid leaving VT_JMP anywhere except on the top of the stack
       because it would complicate the code generator. */
    if (vtop >= vstack) {
        v = vtop->r & VT_VALMASK;
        if (v == VT_CMP || (v & ~1) == VT_JMP)
            gv(RC_INT);
    }
    vtop++;
    vtop->type = *type;
    vtop->r = r;
    vtop->r2 = VT_CONST;
    vtop->c = *vc;
}

/* push integer constant */
void vpushi(int v)
{
    CValue cval;
    cval.i = v;
    vsetc(&int_type, VT_CONST, &cval);
}

/* Return a static symbol pointing to a section */
static Sym *get_sym_ref(CType *type, Section *sec, 
                        unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
{
    int v;
    Sym *sym;

    v = anon_sym++;
    sym = global_identifier_push(v, type->t | VT_STATIC, 0);
    sym->type.ref = type->ref;
    sym->r = VT_CONST | VT_SYM;
    put_extern_sym(sym, sec, offset, size);
    return sym;
}

/* push a reference to a section offset by adding a dummy symbol */
static void vpush_ref(CType *type, Section *sec, unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
{
    CValue cval;

    cval.ul = 0;
    vsetc(type, VT_CONST | VT_SYM, &cval);
    vtop->sym = get_sym_ref(type, sec, offset, size);
}

/* define a new external reference to a symbol 'v' of type 'u' */
static Sym *external_global_sym(int v, CType *type, int r)
{
    Sym *s;

    s = sym_find(v);
    if (!s) {
        /* push forward reference */
        s = global_identifier_push(v, type->t | VT_EXTERN, 0);
        s->type.ref = type->ref;
        s->r = r | VT_CONST | VT_SYM;
    }
    return s;
}

/* define a new external reference to a symbol 'v' of type 'u' */
static Sym *external_sym(int v, CType *type, int r)
{
    Sym *s;

    s = sym_find(v);
    if (!s) {
        /* push forward reference */
        s = sym_push(v, type, r | VT_CONST | VT_SYM, 0);
        s->type.t |= VT_EXTERN;
    }
    return s;
}

/* push a reference to global symbol v */
static void vpush_global_sym(CType *type, int v)
{
    Sym *sym;
    CValue cval;

    sym = external_global_sym(v, type, 0);
    cval.ul = 0;
    vsetc(type, VT_CONST | VT_SYM, &cval);
    vtop->sym = sym;
}

void vset(CType *type, int r, int v)
{
    CValue cval;

    cval.i = v;
    vsetc(type, r, &cval);
}

void vseti(int r, int v)
{
    CType type;
    type.t = VT_INT;
    vset(&type, r, v);
}

void vswap(void)
{
    SValue tmp;

    tmp = vtop[0];
    vtop[0] = vtop[-1];
    vtop[-1] = tmp;
}

void vpushv(SValue *v)
{
    if (vtop >= vstack + VSTACK_SIZE)
        error("memory full");
    vtop++;
    *vtop = *v;
}

void vdup(void)
{
    vpushv(vtop);
}

/* save r to the memory stack, and mark it as being free */
void save_reg(int r)
{
    int l, saved, size, align;
    SValue *p, sv;
    CType *type;

    /* modify all stack values */
    saved = 0;
    l = 0;
    for(p=vstack;p<=vtop;p++) {
        if ((p->r & VT_VALMASK) == r ||
            (p->r2 & VT_VALMASK) == r) {
            /* must save value on stack if not already done */
            if (!saved) {
                /* NOTE: must reload 'r' because r might be equal to r2 */
                r = p->r & VT_VALMASK;
                /* store register in the stack */
                type = &p->type;
                if ((p->r & VT_LVAL) || 
                    (!is_float(type->t) && (type->t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_LLONG))
                    type = &int_type;
                size = type_size(type, &align);
                loc = (loc - size) & -align;
                sv.type.t = type->t;
                sv.r = VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL;
                sv.c.ul = loc;
                store(r, &sv);
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_I386
                /* x86 specific: need to pop fp register ST0 if saved */
                if (r == REG_ST0) {
                    o(0xd9dd); /* fstp %st(1) */
                }
#endif
                /* special long long case */
                if ((type->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG) {
                    sv.c.ul += 4;
                    store(p->r2, &sv);
                }
                l = loc;
                saved = 1;
            }
            /* mark that stack entry as being saved on the stack */
            if (p->r & VT_LVAL) {
                /* also suppress the bounded flag because the
                   relocation address of the function was stored in
                   p->c.ul */
                p->r = (p->r & ~(VT_VALMASK | VT_BOUNDED)) | VT_LLOCAL;
            } else {
                p->r = lvalue_type(p->type.t) | VT_LOCAL;
            }
            p->r2 = VT_CONST;
            p->c.ul = l;
        }
    }
}

/* find a free register of class 'rc'. If none, save one register */
int get_reg(int rc)
{
    int r;
    SValue *p;

    /* find a free register */
    for(r=0;r<NB_REGS;r++) {
        if (reg_classes[r] & rc) {
            for(p=vstack;p<=vtop;p++) {
                if ((p->r & VT_VALMASK) == r ||
                    (p->r2 & VT_VALMASK) == r)
                    goto notfound;
            }
            return r;
        }
    notfound: ;
    }
    
    /* no register left : free the first one on the stack (VERY
       IMPORTANT to start from the bottom to ensure that we don't
       spill registers used in gen_opi()) */
    for(p=vstack;p<=vtop;p++) {
        r = p->r & VT_VALMASK;
        if (r < VT_CONST && (reg_classes[r] & rc))
            goto save_found;
        /* also look at second register (if long long) */
        r = p->r2 & VT_VALMASK;
        if (r < VT_CONST && (reg_classes[r] & rc)) {
        save_found:
            save_reg(r);
            return r;
        }
    }
    /* Should never comes here */
    return -1;
}

/* save registers up to (vtop - n) stack entry */
void save_regs(int n)
{
    int r;
    SValue *p, *p1;
    p1 = vtop - n;
    for(p = vstack;p <= p1; p++) {
        r = p->r & VT_VALMASK;
        if (r < VT_CONST) {
            save_reg(r);
        }
    }
}

/* move register 's' to 'r', and flush previous value of r to memory
   if needed */
void move_reg(int r, int s)
{
    SValue sv;

    if (r != s) {
        save_reg(r);
        sv.type.t = VT_INT;
        sv.r = s;
        sv.c.ul = 0;
        load(r, &sv);
    }
}

/* get address of vtop (vtop MUST BE an lvalue) */
void gaddrof(void)
{
    vtop->r &= ~VT_LVAL;
    /* tricky: if saved lvalue, then we can go back to lvalue */
    if ((vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LLOCAL)
        vtop->r = (vtop->r & ~(VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL_TYPE)) | VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
/* generate lvalue bound code */
void gbound(void)
{
    int lval_type;
    CType type1;

    vtop->r &= ~VT_MUSTBOUND;
    /* if lvalue, then use checking code before dereferencing */
    if (vtop->r & VT_LVAL) {
        /* if not VT_BOUNDED value, then make one */
        if (!(vtop->r & VT_BOUNDED)) {
            lval_type = vtop->r & (VT_LVAL_TYPE | VT_LVAL);
            /* must save type because we must set it to int to get pointer */
            type1 = vtop->type;
            vtop->type.t = VT_INT;
            gaddrof();
            vpushi(0);
            gen_bounded_ptr_add();
            vtop->r |= lval_type;
            vtop->type = type1;
        }
        /* then check for dereferencing */
        gen_bounded_ptr_deref();
    }
}
#endif

/* store vtop a register belonging to class 'rc'. lvalues are
   converted to values. Cannot be used if cannot be converted to
   register value (such as structures). */
int gv(int rc)
{
    int r, r2, rc2, bit_pos, bit_size, size, align, i;
    unsigned long long ll;

    /* NOTE: get_reg can modify vstack[] */
    if (vtop->type.t & VT_BITFIELD) {
        bit_pos = (vtop->type.t >> VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) & 0x3f;
        bit_size = (vtop->type.t >> (VT_STRUCT_SHIFT + 6)) & 0x3f;
        /* remove bit field info to avoid loops */
        vtop->type.t &= ~(VT_BITFIELD | (-1 << VT_STRUCT_SHIFT));
        /* generate shifts */
        vpushi(32 - (bit_pos + bit_size));
        gen_op(TOK_SHL);
        vpushi(32 - bit_size);
        /* NOTE: transformed to SHR if unsigned */
        gen_op(TOK_SAR);
        r = gv(rc);
    } else {
        if (is_float(vtop->type.t) && 
            (vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL)) == VT_CONST) {
            Sym *sym;
            int *ptr;
            unsigned long offset;
            
            /* XXX: unify with initializers handling ? */
            /* CPUs usually cannot use float constants, so we store them
               generically in data segment */
            size = type_size(&vtop->type, &align);
            offset = (data_section->data_offset + align - 1) & -align;
            data_section->data_offset = offset;
            /* XXX: not portable yet */
            ptr = section_ptr_add(data_section, size);
            size = size >> 2;
            for(i=0;i<size;i++)
                ptr[i] = vtop->c.tab[i];
            sym = get_sym_ref(&vtop->type, data_section, offset, size << 2);
            vtop->r |= VT_LVAL | VT_SYM;
            vtop->sym = sym;
            vtop->c.ul = 0;
        }
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
        if (vtop->r & VT_MUSTBOUND) 
            gbound();
#endif

        r = vtop->r & VT_VALMASK;
        /* need to reload if:
           - constant
           - lvalue (need to dereference pointer)
           - already a register, but not in the right class */
        if (r >= VT_CONST || 
            (vtop->r & VT_LVAL) ||
            !(reg_classes[r] & rc) ||
            ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG && 
             !(reg_classes[vtop->r2] & rc))) {
            r = get_reg(rc);
            if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG) {
                /* two register type load : expand to two words
                   temporarily */
                if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL)) == VT_CONST) {
                    /* load constant */
                    ll = vtop->c.ull;
                    vtop->c.ui = ll; /* first word */
                    load(r, vtop);
                    vtop->r = r; /* save register value */
                    vpushi(ll >> 32); /* second word */
                } else if (r >= VT_CONST || 
                           (vtop->r & VT_LVAL)) {
                    /* load from memory */
                    load(r, vtop);
                    vdup();
                    vtop[-1].r = r; /* save register value */
                    /* increment pointer to get second word */
                    vtop->type.t = VT_INT;
                    gaddrof();
                    vpushi(4);
                    gen_op('+');
                    vtop->r |= VT_LVAL;
                } else {
                    /* move registers */
                    load(r, vtop);
                    vdup();
                    vtop[-1].r = r; /* save register value */
                    vtop->r = vtop[-1].r2;
                }
                /* allocate second register */
                rc2 = RC_INT;
                if (rc == RC_IRET)
                    rc2 = RC_LRET;
                r2 = get_reg(rc2);
                load(r2, vtop);
                vpop();
                /* write second register */
                vtop->r2 = r2;
            } else if ((vtop->r & VT_LVAL) && !is_float(vtop->type.t)) {
                int t1, t;
                /* lvalue of scalar type : need to use lvalue type
                   because of possible cast */
                t = vtop->type.t;
                t1 = t;
                /* compute memory access type */
                if (vtop->r & VT_LVAL_BYTE)
                    t = VT_BYTE;
                else if (vtop->r & VT_LVAL_SHORT)
                    t = VT_SHORT;
                if (vtop->r & VT_LVAL_UNSIGNED)
                    t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
                vtop->type.t = t;
                load(r, vtop);
                /* restore wanted type */
                vtop->type.t = t1;
            } else {
                /* one register type load */
                load(r, vtop);
            }
        }
        vtop->r = r;
    }
    return r;
}

/* generate vtop[-1] and vtop[0] in resp. classes rc1 and rc2 */
void gv2(int rc1, int rc2)
{
    int v;

    /* generate more generic register first. But VT_JMP or VT_CMP
       values must be generated first in all cases to avoid possible
       reload errors */
    v = vtop[0].r & VT_VALMASK;
    if (v != VT_CMP && (v & ~1) != VT_JMP && rc1 <= rc2) {
        vswap();
        gv(rc1);
        vswap();
        gv(rc2);
        /* test if reload is needed for first register */
        if ((vtop[-1].r & VT_VALMASK) >= VT_CONST) {
            vswap();
            gv(rc1);
            vswap();
        }
    } else {
        gv(rc2);
        vswap();
        gv(rc1);
        vswap();
        /* test if reload is needed for first register */
        if ((vtop[0].r & VT_VALMASK) >= VT_CONST) {
            gv(rc2);
        }
    }
}

/* expand long long on stack in two int registers */
void lexpand(void)
{
    int u;

    u = vtop->type.t & VT_UNSIGNED;
    gv(RC_INT);
    vdup();
    vtop[0].r = vtop[-1].r2;
    vtop[0].r2 = VT_CONST;
    vtop[-1].r2 = VT_CONST;
    vtop[0].type.t = VT_INT | u;
    vtop[-1].type.t = VT_INT | u;
}

/* build a long long from two ints */
void lbuild(int t)
{
    gv2(RC_INT, RC_INT);
    vtop[-1].r2 = vtop[0].r;
    vtop[-1].type.t = t;
    vpop();
}

/* rotate n first stack elements to the bottom */
void vrotb(int n)
{
    int i;
    SValue tmp;

    tmp = vtop[-n + 1];
    for(i=-n+1;i!=0;i++)
        vtop[i] = vtop[i+1];
    vtop[0] = tmp;
}

/* pop stack value */
void vpop(void)
{
    int v;
    v = vtop->r & VT_VALMASK;
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_I386
    /* for x86, we need to pop the FP stack */
    if (v == REG_ST0 && !nocode_wanted) {
        o(0xd9dd); /* fstp %st(1) */
    } else
#endif
    if (v == VT_JMP || v == VT_JMPI) {
        /* need to put correct jump if && or || without test */
        gsym(vtop->c.ul);
    }
    vtop--;
}

/* convert stack entry to register and duplicate its value in another
   register */
void gv_dup(void)
{
    int rc, t, r, r1;
    SValue sv;

    t = vtop->type.t;
    if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG) {
        lexpand();
        gv_dup();
        vswap();
        vrotb(3);
        gv_dup();
        vrotb(4);
        /* stack: H L L1 H1 */
        lbuild(t);
        vrotb(3);
        vrotb(3);
        vswap();
        lbuild(t);
        vswap();
    } else {
        /* duplicate value */
        rc = RC_INT;
        sv.type.t = VT_INT;
        if (is_float(t)) {
            rc = RC_FLOAT;
            sv.type.t = t;
        }
        r = gv(rc);
        r1 = get_reg(rc);
        sv.r = r;
        sv.c.ul = 0;
        load(r1, &sv); /* move r to r1 */
        vdup();
        /* duplicates value */
        vtop->r = r1;
    }
}

/* generate CPU independent (unsigned) long long operations */
void gen_opl(int op)
{
    int t, a, b, op1, c, i;
    int func;
    GFuncContext gf;
    SValue tmp;

    switch(op) {
    case '/':
    case TOK_PDIV:
        func = TOK___divdi3;
        goto gen_func;
    case TOK_UDIV:
        func = TOK___udivdi3;
        goto gen_func;
    case '%':
        func = TOK___moddi3;
        goto gen_func;
    case TOK_UMOD:
        func = TOK___umoddi3;
    gen_func:
        /* call generic long long function */
        gfunc_start(&gf, FUNC_CDECL);
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, func);
        gfunc_call(&gf);
        vpushi(0);
        vtop->r = REG_IRET;
        vtop->r2 = REG_LRET;
        break;
    case '^':
    case '&':
    case '|':
    case '*':
    case '+':
    case '-':
        t = vtop->type.t;
        vswap();
        lexpand();
        vrotb(3);
        lexpand();
        /* stack: L1 H1 L2 H2 */
        tmp = vtop[0];
        vtop[0] = vtop[-3];
        vtop[-3] = tmp;
        tmp = vtop[-2];
        vtop[-2] = vtop[-3];
        vtop[-3] = tmp;
        vswap();
        /* stack: H1 H2 L1 L2 */
        if (op == '*') {
            vpushv(vtop - 1);
            vpushv(vtop - 1);
            gen_op(TOK_UMULL);
            lexpand();
            /* stack: H1 H2 L1 L2 ML MH */
            for(i=0;i<4;i++)
                vrotb(6);
            /* stack: ML MH H1 H2 L1 L2 */
            tmp = vtop[0];
            vtop[0] = vtop[-2];
            vtop[-2] = tmp;
            /* stack: ML MH H1 L2 H2 L1 */
            gen_op('*');
            vrotb(3);
            vrotb(3);
            gen_op('*');
            /* stack: ML MH M1 M2 */
            gen_op('+');
            gen_op('+');
        } else if (op == '+' || op == '-') {
            /* XXX: add non carry method too (for MIPS or alpha) */
            if (op == '+')
                op1 = TOK_ADDC1;
            else
                op1 = TOK_SUBC1;
            gen_op(op1);
            /* stack: H1 H2 (L1 op L2) */
            vrotb(3);
            vrotb(3);
            gen_op(op1 + 1); /* TOK_xxxC2 */
        } else {
            gen_op(op);
            /* stack: H1 H2 (L1 op L2) */
            vrotb(3);
            vrotb(3);
            /* stack: (L1 op L2) H1 H2 */
            gen_op(op);
            /* stack: (L1 op L2) (H1 op H2) */
        }
        /* stack: L H */
        lbuild(t);
        break;
    case TOK_SAR:
    case TOK_SHR:
    case TOK_SHL:
        if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST) {
            t = vtop[-1].type.t;
            vswap();
            lexpand();
            vrotb(3);
            /* stack: L H shift */
            c = (int)vtop->c.i;
            /* constant: simpler */
            /* NOTE: all comments are for SHL. the other cases are
               done by swaping words */
            vpop();
            if (op != TOK_SHL)
                vswap();
            if (c >= 32) {
                /* stack: L H */
                vpop();
                if (c > 32) {
                    vpushi(c - 32);
                    gen_op(op);
                }
                if (op != TOK_SAR) {
                    vpushi(0);
                } else {
                    gv_dup();
                    vpushi(31);
                    gen_op(TOK_SAR);
                }
                vswap();
            } else {
                vswap();
                gv_dup();
                /* stack: H L L */
                vpushi(c);
                gen_op(op);
                vswap();
                vpushi(32 - c);
                if (op == TOK_SHL)
                    gen_op(TOK_SHR);
                else
                    gen_op(TOK_SHL);
                vrotb(3);
                /* stack: L L H */
                vpushi(c);
                if (op == TOK_SHL)
                    gen_op(TOK_SHL);
                else
                    gen_op(TOK_SHR);
                gen_op('|');
            }
            if (op != TOK_SHL)
                vswap();
            lbuild(t);
        } else {
            /* XXX: should provide a faster fallback on x86 ? */
            switch(op) {
            case TOK_SAR:
                func = TOK___sardi3;
                goto gen_func;
            case TOK_SHR:
                func = TOK___shrdi3;
                goto gen_func;
            case TOK_SHL:
                func = TOK___shldi3;
                goto gen_func;
            }
        }
        break;
    default:
        /* compare operations */
        t = vtop->type.t;
        vswap();
        lexpand();
        vrotb(3);
        lexpand();
        /* stack: L1 H1 L2 H2 */
        tmp = vtop[-1];
        vtop[-1] = vtop[-2];
        vtop[-2] = tmp;
        /* stack: L1 L2 H1 H2 */
        /* compare high */
        op1 = op;
        /* when values are equal, we need to compare low words. since
           the jump is inverted, we invert the test too. */
        if (op1 == TOK_LT)
            op1 = TOK_LE;
        else if (op1 == TOK_GT)
            op1 = TOK_GE;
        else if (op1 == TOK_ULT)
            op1 = TOK_ULE;
        else if (op1 == TOK_UGT)
            op1 = TOK_UGE;
        a = 0;
        b = 0;
        gen_op(op1);
        if (op1 != TOK_NE) {
            a = gtst(1, 0);
        }
        if (op != TOK_EQ) {
            /* generate non equal test */
            /* XXX: NOT PORTABLE yet */
            if (a == 0) {
                b = gtst(0, 0);
            } else {
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_I386
                b = psym(0x850f, 0);
#else
                error("not implemented");
#endif
            }
        }
        /* compare low. Always unsigned */
        op1 = op;
        if (op1 == TOK_LT)
            op1 = TOK_ULT;
        else if (op1 == TOK_LE)
            op1 = TOK_ULE;
        else if (op1 == TOK_GT)
            op1 = TOK_UGT;
        else if (op1 == TOK_GE)
            op1 = TOK_UGE;
        gen_op(op1);
        a = gtst(1, a);
        gsym(b);
        vseti(VT_JMPI, a);
        break;
    }
}

/* handle integer constant optimizations and various machine
   independant opt */
void gen_opic(int op)
{
    int fc, c1, c2, n;
    SValue *v1, *v2;

    v1 = vtop - 1;
    v2 = vtop;
    /* currently, we cannot do computations with forward symbols */
    c1 = (v1->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST;
    c2 = (v2->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST;
    if (c1 && c2) {
        fc = v2->c.i;
        switch(op) {
        case '+': v1->c.i += fc; break;
        case '-': v1->c.i -= fc; break;
        case '&': v1->c.i &= fc; break;
        case '^': v1->c.i ^= fc; break;
        case '|': v1->c.i |= fc; break;
        case '*': v1->c.i *= fc; break;

        case TOK_PDIV:
        case '/':
        case '%':
        case TOK_UDIV:
        case TOK_UMOD:
            /* if division by zero, generate explicit division */
            if (fc == 0) {
                if (const_wanted)
                    error("division by zero in constant");
                goto general_case;
            }
            switch(op) {
            default: v1->c.i /= fc; break;
            case '%': v1->c.i %= fc; break;
            case TOK_UDIV: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i / fc; break;
            case TOK_UMOD: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i % fc; break;
            }
            break;
        case TOK_SHL: v1->c.i <<= fc; break;
        case TOK_SHR: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i >> fc; break;
        case TOK_SAR: v1->c.i >>= fc; break;
            /* tests */
        case TOK_ULT: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i < (unsigned)fc; break;
        case TOK_UGE: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i >= (unsigned)fc; break;
        case TOK_EQ: v1->c.i = v1->c.i == fc; break;
        case TOK_NE: v1->c.i = v1->c.i != fc; break;
        case TOK_ULE: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i <= (unsigned)fc; break;
        case TOK_UGT: v1->c.i = (unsigned)v1->c.i > (unsigned)fc; break;
        case TOK_LT: v1->c.i = v1->c.i < fc; break;
        case TOK_GE: v1->c.i = v1->c.i >= fc; break;
        case TOK_LE: v1->c.i = v1->c.i <= fc; break;
        case TOK_GT: v1->c.i = v1->c.i > fc; break;
            /* logical */
        case TOK_LAND: v1->c.i = v1->c.i && fc; break;
        case TOK_LOR: v1->c.i = v1->c.i || fc; break;
        default:
            goto general_case;
        }
        vtop--;
    } else {
        /* if commutative ops, put c2 as constant */
        if (c1 && (op == '+' || op == '&' || op == '^' || 
                   op == '|' || op == '*')) {
            vswap();
            swap(&c1, &c2);
        }
        fc = vtop->c.i;
        if (c2 && (((op == '*' || op == '/' || op == TOK_UDIV || 
                     op == TOK_PDIV) && 
                    fc == 1) ||
                   ((op == '+' || op == '-' || op == '|' || op == '^' || 
                     op == TOK_SHL || op == TOK_SHR || op == TOK_SAR) && 
                    fc == 0) ||
                   (op == '&' && 
                    fc == -1))) {
            /* nothing to do */
            vtop--;
        } else if (c2 && (op == '*' || op == TOK_PDIV || op == TOK_UDIV)) {
            /* try to use shifts instead of muls or divs */
            if (fc > 0 && (fc & (fc - 1)) == 0) {
                n = -1;
                while (fc) {
                    fc >>= 1;
                    n++;
                }
                vtop->c.i = n;
                if (op == '*')
                    op = TOK_SHL;
                else if (op == TOK_PDIV)
                    op = TOK_SAR;
                else
                    op = TOK_SHR;
            }
            goto general_case;
        } else if (c2 && (op == '+' || op == '-') &&
                   (vtop[-1].r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == 
                   (VT_CONST | VT_SYM)) {
            /* symbol + constant case */
            if (op == '-')
                fc = -fc;
            vtop--;
            vtop->c.i += fc;
        } else {
        general_case:
            if (!nocode_wanted) {
                /* call low level op generator */
                gen_opi(op);
            } else {
                vtop--;
            }
        }
    }
}

/* generate a floating point operation with constant propagation */
void gen_opif(int op)
{
    int c1, c2;
    SValue *v1, *v2;
    long double f1, f2;

    v1 = vtop - 1;
    v2 = vtop;
    /* currently, we cannot do computations with forward symbols */
    c1 = (v1->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST;
    c2 = (v2->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST;
    if (c1 && c2) {
        if (v1->type.t == VT_FLOAT) {
            f1 = v1->c.f;
            f2 = v2->c.f;
        } else if (v1->type.t == VT_DOUBLE) {
            f1 = v1->c.d;
            f2 = v2->c.d;
        } else {
            f1 = v1->c.ld;
            f2 = v2->c.ld;
        }

        /* NOTE: we only do constant propagation if finite number (not
           NaN or infinity) (ANSI spec) */
        if (!ieee_finite(f1) || !ieee_finite(f2))
            goto general_case;

        switch(op) {
        case '+': f1 += f2; break;
        case '-': f1 -= f2; break;
        case '*': f1 *= f2; break;
        case '/': 
            if (f2 == 0.0) {
                if (const_wanted)
                    error("division by zero in constant");
                goto general_case;
            }
            f1 /= f2; 
            break;
            /* XXX: also handles tests ? */
        default:
            goto general_case;
        }
        /* XXX: overflow test ? */
        if (v1->type.t == VT_FLOAT) {
            v1->c.f = f1;
        } else if (v1->type.t == VT_DOUBLE) {
            v1->c.d = f1;
        } else {
            v1->c.ld = f1;
        }
        vtop--;
    } else {
    general_case:
        if (!nocode_wanted) {
            gen_opf(op);
        } else {
            vtop--;
        }
    }
}

static int pointed_size(CType *type)
{
    int align;
    return type_size(pointed_type(type), &align);
}

#if 0
void check_pointer_types(SValue *p1, SValue *p2)
{
    char buf1[256], buf2[256];
    int t1, t2;
    t1 = p1->t;
    t2 = p2->t;
    if (!is_compatible_types(t1, t2)) {
        type_to_str(buf1, sizeof(buf1), t1, NULL);
        type_to_str(buf2, sizeof(buf2), t2, NULL);
        error("incompatible pointers '%s' and '%s'", buf1, buf2);
    }
}
#endif

/* generic gen_op: handles types problems */
void gen_op(int op)
{
    int u, t1, t2, bt1, bt2, t;
    CType type1;

    t1 = vtop[-1].type.t;
    t2 = vtop[0].type.t;
    bt1 = t1 & VT_BTYPE;
    bt2 = t2 & VT_BTYPE;
        
    if (bt1 == VT_PTR || bt2 == VT_PTR) {
        /* at least one operand is a pointer */
        /* relationnal op: must be both pointers */
        if (op >= TOK_ULT && op <= TOK_GT) {
            //            check_pointer_types(vtop, vtop - 1);
            /* pointers are handled are unsigned */
            t = VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED;
            goto std_op;
        }
        /* if both pointers, then it must be the '-' op */
        if (bt1 == VT_PTR && bt2 == VT_PTR) {
            if (op != '-')
                error("cannot use pointers here");
            //            check_pointer_types(vtop - 1, vtop);
            /* XXX: check that types are compatible */
            u = pointed_size(&vtop[-1].type);
            gen_opic(op);
            /* set to integer type */
            vtop->type.t = VT_INT; 
            vpushi(u);
            gen_op(TOK_PDIV);
        } else {
            /* exactly one pointer : must be '+' or '-'. */
            if (op != '-' && op != '+')
                error("cannot use pointers here");
            /* Put pointer as first operand */
            if (bt2 == VT_PTR) {
                vswap();
                swap(&t1, &t2);
            }
            type1 = vtop[-1].type;
            /* XXX: cast to int ? (long long case) */
            vpushi(pointed_size(&vtop[-1].type));
            gen_op('*');
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
            /* if evaluating constant expression, no code should be
               generated, so no bound check */
            if (do_bounds_check && !const_wanted) {
                /* if bounded pointers, we generate a special code to
                   test bounds */
                if (op == '-') {
                    vpushi(0);
                    vswap();
                    gen_op('-');
                }
                gen_bounded_ptr_add();
            } else
#endif
            {
                gen_opic(op);
            }
            /* put again type if gen_opic() swaped operands */
            vtop->type = type1;
        }
    } else if (is_float(bt1) || is_float(bt2)) {
        /* compute bigger type and do implicit casts */
        if (bt1 == VT_LDOUBLE || bt2 == VT_LDOUBLE) {
            t = VT_LDOUBLE;
        } else if (bt1 == VT_DOUBLE || bt2 == VT_DOUBLE) {
            t = VT_DOUBLE;
        } else {
            t = VT_FLOAT;
        }
        /* floats can only be used for a few operations */
        if (op != '+' && op != '-' && op != '*' && op != '/' &&
            (op < TOK_ULT || op > TOK_GT))
            error("invalid operands for binary operation");
        goto std_op;
    } else if (bt1 == VT_LLONG || bt2 == VT_LLONG) {
        /* cast to biggest op */
        t = VT_LLONG;
        /* convert to unsigned if it does not fit in a long long */
        if ((t1 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED) ||
            (t2 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED))
            t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
        goto std_op;
    } else {
        /* integer operations */
        t = VT_INT;
        /* convert to unsigned if it does not fit in an integer */
        if ((t1 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED) ||
            (t2 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED))
            t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
    std_op:
        /* XXX: currently, some unsigned operations are explicit, so
           we modify them here */
        if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
            if (op == TOK_SAR)
                op = TOK_SHR;
            else if (op == '/')
                op = TOK_UDIV;
            else if (op == '%')
                op = TOK_UMOD;
            else if (op == TOK_LT)
                op = TOK_ULT;
            else if (op == TOK_GT)
                op = TOK_UGT;
            else if (op == TOK_LE)
                op = TOK_ULE;
            else if (op == TOK_GE)
                op = TOK_UGE;
        }
        vswap();
        type1.t = t;
        gen_cast(&type1);
        vswap();
        /* special case for shifts and long long: we keep the shift as
           an integer */
        if (op == TOK_SHR || op == TOK_SAR || op == TOK_SHL)
            type1.t = VT_INT;
        gen_cast(&type1);
        if (is_float(t))
            gen_opif(op);
        else if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG)
            gen_opl(op);
        else
            gen_opic(op);
        if (op >= TOK_ULT && op <= TOK_GT) {
            /* relationnal op: the result is an int */
            vtop->type.t = VT_INT;
        } else {
            vtop->type.t = t;
        }
    }
}

/* generic itof for unsigned long long case */
void gen_cvt_itof1(int t)
{
    GFuncContext gf;

    if ((vtop->type.t & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == 
        (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED)) {

        gfunc_start(&gf, FUNC_CDECL);
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        if (t == VT_FLOAT)
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK___ulltof);
        else if (t == VT_DOUBLE)
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK___ulltod);
        else
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK___ulltold);
        gfunc_call(&gf);
        vpushi(0);
        vtop->r = REG_FRET;
    } else {
        gen_cvt_itof(t);
    }
}

/* generic ftoi for unsigned long long case */
void gen_cvt_ftoi1(int t)
{
    GFuncContext gf;
    int st;

    if (t == (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED)) {
        /* not handled natively */
        gfunc_start(&gf, FUNC_CDECL);
        st = vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE;
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        if (st == VT_FLOAT)
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK___fixunssfdi);
        else if (st == VT_DOUBLE)
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK___fixunsdfdi);
        else
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK___fixunsxfdi);
        gfunc_call(&gf);
        vpushi(0);
        vtop->r = REG_IRET;
        vtop->r2 = REG_LRET;
    } else {
        gen_cvt_ftoi(t);
    }
}

/* force char or short cast */
void force_charshort_cast(int t)
{
    int bits, dbt;
    dbt = t & VT_BTYPE;
    /* XXX: add optimization if lvalue : just change type and offset */
    if (dbt == VT_BYTE)
        bits = 8;
    else
        bits = 16;
    if (t & VT_UNSIGNED) {
        vpushi((1 << bits) - 1);
        gen_op('&');
    } else {
        bits = 32 - bits;
        vpushi(bits);
        gen_op(TOK_SHL);
        vpushi(bits);
        gen_op(TOK_SAR);
    }
}

/* cast 'vtop' to 'type' */
static void gen_cast(CType *type)
{
    int sbt, dbt, sf, df, c;

    /* special delayed cast for char/short */
    /* XXX: in some cases (multiple cascaded casts), it may still
       be incorrect */
    if (vtop->r & VT_MUSTCAST) {
        vtop->r &= ~VT_MUSTCAST;
        force_charshort_cast(vtop->type.t);
    }
    
    dbt = type->t & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED);
    sbt = vtop->type.t & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED);

    if (sbt != dbt && !nocode_wanted) {
        sf = is_float(sbt);
        df = is_float(dbt);
        c = (vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST;
        if (sf && df) {
            /* convert from fp to fp */
            if (c) {
                /* constant case: we can do it now */
                /* XXX: in ISOC, cannot do it if error in convert */
                if (dbt == VT_FLOAT && sbt == VT_DOUBLE) 
                    vtop->c.f = (float)vtop->c.d;
                else if (dbt == VT_FLOAT && sbt == VT_LDOUBLE) 
                    vtop->c.f = (float)vtop->c.ld;
                else if (dbt == VT_DOUBLE && sbt == VT_FLOAT) 
                    vtop->c.d = (double)vtop->c.f;
                else if (dbt == VT_DOUBLE && sbt == VT_LDOUBLE) 
                    vtop->c.d = (double)vtop->c.ld;
                else if (dbt == VT_LDOUBLE && sbt == VT_FLOAT) 
                    vtop->c.ld = (long double)vtop->c.f;
                else if (dbt == VT_LDOUBLE && sbt == VT_DOUBLE) 
                    vtop->c.ld = (long double)vtop->c.d;
            } else {
                /* non constant case: generate code */
                gen_cvt_ftof(dbt);
            }
        } else if (df) {
            /* convert int to fp */
            if (c) {
                switch(sbt) {
                case VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED:
                case VT_LLONG:
                    /* XXX: add const cases for long long */
                    goto do_itof;
                case VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED:
                    switch(dbt) {
                    case VT_FLOAT: vtop->c.f = (float)vtop->c.ui; break;
                    case VT_DOUBLE: vtop->c.d = (double)vtop->c.ui; break;
                    case VT_LDOUBLE: vtop->c.ld = (long double)vtop->c.ui; break;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    switch(dbt) {
                    case VT_FLOAT: vtop->c.f = (float)vtop->c.i; break;
                    case VT_DOUBLE: vtop->c.d = (double)vtop->c.i; break;
                    case VT_LDOUBLE: vtop->c.ld = (long double)vtop->c.i; break;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            } else {
            do_itof:
                gen_cvt_itof1(dbt);
            }
        } else if (sf) {
            /* convert fp to int */
            /* we handle char/short/etc... with generic code */
            if (dbt != (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED) &&
                dbt != (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED) &&
                dbt != VT_LLONG)
                dbt = VT_INT;
            if (c) {
                switch(dbt) {
                case VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED:
                case VT_LLONG:
                    /* XXX: add const cases for long long */
                    goto do_ftoi;
                case VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED:
                    switch(sbt) {
                    case VT_FLOAT: vtop->c.ui = (unsigned int)vtop->c.d; break;
                    case VT_DOUBLE: vtop->c.ui = (unsigned int)vtop->c.d; break;
                    case VT_LDOUBLE: vtop->c.ui = (unsigned int)vtop->c.d; break;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    /* int case */
                    switch(sbt) {
                    case VT_FLOAT: vtop->c.i = (int)vtop->c.d; break;
                    case VT_DOUBLE: vtop->c.i = (int)vtop->c.d; break;
                    case VT_LDOUBLE: vtop->c.i = (int)vtop->c.d; break;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            } else {
            do_ftoi:
                gen_cvt_ftoi1(dbt);
            }
            if (dbt == VT_INT && (type->t & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) != dbt) {
                /* additionnal cast for char/short/bool... */
                vtop->type.t = dbt;
                gen_cast(type);
            }
        } else if ((dbt & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG) {
            if ((sbt & VT_BTYPE) != VT_LLONG) {
                /* scalar to long long */
                if (c) {
                    if (sbt == (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED))
                        vtop->c.ll = vtop->c.ui;
                    else
                        vtop->c.ll = vtop->c.i;
                } else {
                    /* machine independant conversion */
                    gv(RC_INT);
                    /* generate high word */
                    if (sbt == (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED)) {
                        vpushi(0);
                        gv(RC_INT);
                    } else {
                        gv_dup();
                        vpushi(31);
                        gen_op(TOK_SAR);
                    }
                    /* patch second register */
                    vtop[-1].r2 = vtop->r;
                    vpop();
                }
            }
        } else if (dbt == VT_BOOL) {
            /* scalar to bool */
            vpushi(0);
            gen_op(TOK_NE);
        } else if ((dbt & VT_BTYPE) == VT_BYTE || 
                   (dbt & VT_BTYPE) == VT_SHORT) {
            force_charshort_cast(dbt);
        } else if ((dbt & VT_BTYPE) == VT_INT) {
            /* scalar to int */
            if (sbt == VT_LLONG) {
                /* from long long: just take low order word */
                lexpand();
                vpop();
            } 
            /* if lvalue and single word type, nothing to do because
               the lvalue already contains the real type size (see
               VT_LVAL_xxx constants) */
        }
    }
    vtop->type = *type;
}

/* return type size. Put alignment at 'a' */
static int type_size(CType *type, int *a)
{
    Sym *s;
    int bt;

    bt = type->t & VT_BTYPE;
    if (bt == VT_STRUCT) {
        /* struct/union */
        s = type->ref;
        *a = s->r;
        return s->c;
    } else if (bt == VT_PTR) {
        if (type->t & VT_ARRAY) {
            s = type->ref;
            return type_size(&s->type, a) * s->c;
        } else {
            *a = PTR_SIZE;
            return PTR_SIZE;
        }
    } else if (bt == VT_LDOUBLE) {
        *a = LDOUBLE_ALIGN;
        return LDOUBLE_SIZE;
    } else if (bt == VT_DOUBLE || bt == VT_LLONG) {
        *a = 4; /* XXX: i386 specific */
        return 8;
    } else if (bt == VT_INT || bt == VT_ENUM || bt == VT_FLOAT) {
        *a = 4;
        return 4;
    } else if (bt == VT_SHORT) {
        *a = 2;
        return 2;
    } else {
        /* char, void, function, _Bool */
        *a = 1;
        return 1;
    }
}

/* return the pointed type of t */
static inline CType *pointed_type(CType *type)
{
    return &type->ref->type;
}

/* modify type so that its it is a pointer to type. */
static void mk_pointer(CType *type)
{
    Sym *s;
    s = sym_push(SYM_FIELD, type, 0, -1);
    type->t = VT_PTR | (type->t & ~VT_TYPE);
    type->ref = s;
}

static int is_compatible_types(CType *type1, CType *type2)
{
    Sym *s1, *s2;
    int bt1, bt2, t1, t2;

    t1 = type1->t & VT_TYPE;
    t2 = type2->t & VT_TYPE;
    bt1 = t1 & VT_BTYPE;
    bt2 = t2 & VT_BTYPE;
    if (bt1 == VT_PTR) {
        type1 = pointed_type(type1);
        /* if function, then convert implicitely to function pointer */
        if (bt2 != VT_FUNC) {
            if (bt2 != VT_PTR)
                return 0;
            type2 = pointed_type(type2);
        }
        /* void matches everything */
        /* XXX: not fully compliant */
        if ((type1->t & VT_TYPE) == VT_VOID || (type2->t & VT_TYPE) == VT_VOID)
            return 1;
        return is_compatible_types(type1, type2);
    } else if (bt1 == VT_STRUCT || bt2 == VT_STRUCT) {
        return (t2 == t1);
    } else if (bt1 == VT_FUNC) {
        if (bt2 != VT_FUNC)
            return 0;
        s1 = type1->ref;
        s2 = type2->ref;
        if (!is_compatible_types(&s1->type, &s2->type))
            return 0;
        /* XXX: not complete */
        if (s1->c == FUNC_OLD || s2->c == FUNC_OLD)
            return 1;
        if (s1->c != s2->c)
            return 0;
        while (s1 != NULL) {
            if (s2 == NULL)
                return 0;
            if (!is_compatible_types(&s1->type, &s2->type))
                return 0;
            s1 = s1->next;
            s2 = s2->next;
        }
        if (s2)
            return 0;
        return 1;
    } else {
        /* XXX: not complete */
        return 1;
    }
}

/* print a type. If 'varstr' is not NULL, then the variable is also
   printed in the type */
/* XXX: union */
/* XXX: add array and function pointers */
void type_to_str(char *buf, int buf_size, 
                 CType *type, const char *varstr)
{
    int bt, v, t;
    Sym *s, *sa;
    char buf1[256];
    const char *tstr;

    t = type->t & VT_TYPE;
    bt = t & VT_BTYPE;
    buf[0] = '\0';
    if (t & VT_UNSIGNED)
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, "unsigned ");
    switch(bt) {
    case VT_VOID:
        tstr = "void";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_BOOL:
        tstr = "_Bool";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_BYTE:
        tstr = "char";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_SHORT:
        tstr = "short";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_INT:
        tstr = "int";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_LONG:
        tstr = "long";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_LLONG:
        tstr = "long long";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_FLOAT:
        tstr = "float";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_DOUBLE:
        tstr = "double";
        goto add_tstr;
    case VT_LDOUBLE:
        tstr = "long double";
    add_tstr:
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, tstr);
        break;
    case VT_ENUM:
    case VT_STRUCT:
        if (bt == VT_STRUCT)
            tstr = "struct ";
        else
            tstr = "enum ";
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, tstr);
        v = type->ref->v & ~SYM_STRUCT;
        if (v >= SYM_FIRST_ANOM)
            pstrcat(buf, buf_size, "<anonymous>");
        else
            pstrcat(buf, buf_size, get_tok_str(v, NULL));
        break;
    case VT_FUNC:
        s = type->ref;
        type_to_str(buf, buf_size, &s->type, varstr);
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, "(");
        sa = s->next;
        while (sa != NULL) {
            type_to_str(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &sa->type, NULL);
            pstrcat(buf, buf_size, buf1);
            sa = sa->next;
            if (sa)
                pstrcat(buf, buf_size, ", ");
        }
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, ")");
        goto no_var;
    case VT_PTR:
        s = type->ref;
        pstrcpy(buf1, sizeof(buf1), "*");
        if (varstr)
            pstrcat(buf1, sizeof(buf1), varstr);
        type_to_str(buf, buf_size, &s->type, buf1);
        goto no_var;
    }
    if (varstr) {
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, " ");
        pstrcat(buf, buf_size, varstr);
    }
 no_var: ;
}

/* verify type compatibility to store vtop in 'dt' type, and generate
   casts if needed. */
void gen_assign_cast(CType *dt)
{
    CType *st;
    char buf1[256], buf2[256];

    st = &vtop->type; /* source type */
    if ((dt->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_PTR) {
        /* special cases for pointers */
        /* a function is implicitely a function pointer */
        if ((st->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
            if (!is_compatible_types(pointed_type(dt), st))
                goto error;
            else
                goto type_ok;
        }
        /* '0' can also be a pointer */
        if ((st->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_INT &&
            ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST) &&
            vtop->c.i == 0)
            goto type_ok;
    }
    if (!is_compatible_types(dt, st)) {
    error:
        type_to_str(buf1, sizeof(buf1), st, NULL);
        type_to_str(buf2, sizeof(buf2), dt, NULL);
        error("cannot cast '%s' to '%s'", buf1, buf2);
    }
 type_ok:
    gen_cast(dt);
}

/* store vtop in lvalue pushed on stack */
void vstore(void)
{
    int sbt, dbt, ft, r, t, size, align, bit_size, bit_pos, rc, delayed_cast;
    GFuncContext gf;

    ft = vtop[-1].type.t;
    sbt = vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE;
    dbt = ft & VT_BTYPE;
    if (((sbt == VT_INT || sbt == VT_SHORT) && dbt == VT_BYTE) ||
        (sbt == VT_INT && dbt == VT_SHORT)) {
        /* optimize char/short casts */
        delayed_cast = VT_MUSTCAST;
        vtop->type.t = ft & VT_TYPE;
    } else {
        delayed_cast = 0;
        gen_assign_cast(&vtop[-1].type);
    }

    if (sbt == VT_STRUCT) {
        /* if structure, only generate pointer */
        /* structure assignment : generate memcpy */
        /* XXX: optimize if small size */
        if (!nocode_wanted) {
            vdup();
            gfunc_start(&gf, FUNC_CDECL);
            /* type size */
            size = type_size(&vtop->type, &align);
            vpushi(size);
            gfunc_param(&gf);
            /* source */
            vtop->type.t = VT_INT;
            gaddrof();
            gfunc_param(&gf);
            /* destination */
            vswap();
            vtop->type.t = VT_INT;
            gaddrof();
            gfunc_param(&gf);
            
            save_regs(0);
            vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK_memcpy);
            gfunc_call(&gf);
        } else {
            vswap();
            vpop();
        }
        /* leave source on stack */
    } else if (ft & VT_BITFIELD) {
        /* bitfield store handling */
        bit_pos = (ft >> VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) & 0x3f;
        bit_size = (ft >> (VT_STRUCT_SHIFT + 6)) & 0x3f;
        /* remove bit field info to avoid loops */
        vtop[-1].type.t = ft & ~(VT_BITFIELD | (-1 << VT_STRUCT_SHIFT));

        /* duplicate destination */
        vdup();
        vtop[-1] = vtop[-2];

        /* mask and shift source */
        vpushi((1 << bit_size) - 1);
        gen_op('&');
        vpushi(bit_pos);
        gen_op(TOK_SHL);
        /* load destination, mask and or with source */
        vswap();
        vpushi(~(((1 << bit_size) - 1) << bit_pos));
        gen_op('&');
        gen_op('|');
        /* store result */
        vstore();
    } else {
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
        /* bound check case */
        if (vtop[-1].r & VT_MUSTBOUND) {
            vswap();
            gbound();
            vswap();
        }
#endif
        if (!nocode_wanted) {
            rc = RC_INT;
            if (is_float(ft))
                rc = RC_FLOAT;
            r = gv(rc);  /* generate value */
            /* if lvalue was saved on stack, must read it */
            if ((vtop[-1].r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LLOCAL) {
                SValue sv;
                t = get_reg(RC_INT);
                sv.type.t = VT_INT;
                sv.r = VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL;
                sv.c.ul = vtop[-1].c.ul;
                load(t, &sv);
                vtop[-1].r = t | VT_LVAL;
            }
            store(r, vtop - 1);
            /* two word case handling : store second register at word + 4 */
            if ((ft & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG) {
                vswap();
                /* convert to int to increment easily */
                vtop->type.t = VT_INT;
                gaddrof();
                vpushi(4);
                gen_op('+');
                vtop->r |= VT_LVAL;
                vswap();
                /* XXX: it works because r2 is spilled last ! */
                store(vtop->r2, vtop - 1);
            }
        }
        vswap();
        vtop--; /* NOT vpop() because on x86 it would flush the fp stack */
        vtop->r |= delayed_cast;
    }
}

/* post defines POST/PRE add. c is the token ++ or -- */
void inc(int post, int c)
{
    test_lvalue();
    vdup(); /* save lvalue */
    if (post) {
        gv_dup(); /* duplicate value */
        vrotb(3);
        vrotb(3);
    }
    /* add constant */
    vpushi(c - TOK_MID); 
    gen_op('+');
    vstore(); /* store value */
    if (post)
        vpop(); /* if post op, return saved value */
}

/* Parse GNUC __attribute__ extension. Currently, the following
   extensions are recognized:
   - aligned(n) : set data/function alignment.
   - section(x) : generate data/code in this section.
   - unused : currently ignored, but may be used someday.
 */
void parse_attribute(AttributeDef *ad)
{
    int t, n;

    next();
    skip('(');
    skip('(');
    while (tok != ')') {
        if (tok < TOK_IDENT)
            expect("attribute name");
        t = tok;
        next();
        switch(t) {
        case TOK_SECTION:
        case TOK___SECTION__:
            skip('(');
            if (tok != TOK_STR)
                expect("section name");
            ad->section = find_section(tcc_state, (char *)tokc.cstr->data);
            next();
            skip(')');
            break;
        case TOK_ALIGNED:
        case TOK___ALIGNED__:
            skip('(');
            n = expr_const();
            if (n <= 0 || (n & (n - 1)) != 0) 
                error("alignment must be a positive power of two");
            ad->aligned = n;
            skip(')');
            break;
        case TOK_UNUSED:
        case TOK___UNUSED__:
            /* currently, no need to handle it because tcc does not
               track unused objects */
            break;
        case TOK_NORETURN:
        case TOK___NORETURN__:
            /* currently, no need to handle it because tcc does not
               track unused objects */
            break;
        case TOK_CDECL:
        case TOK___CDECL:
        case TOK___CDECL__:
            ad->func_call = FUNC_CDECL;
            break;
        case TOK_STDCALL:
        case TOK___STDCALL:
        case TOK___STDCALL__:
            ad->func_call = FUNC_STDCALL;
            break;
        default:
            warning("'%s' attribute ignored", get_tok_str(t, NULL));
            /* skip parameters */
            /* XXX: skip parenthesis too */
            if (tok == '(') {
                next();
                while (tok != ')' && tok != -1)
                    next();
                next();
            }
            break;
        }
        if (tok != ',')
            break;
        next();
    }
    skip(')');
    skip(')');
}

/* enum/struct/union declaration. u is either VT_ENUM or VT_STRUCT */
static void struct_decl(CType *type, int u)
{
    int a, v, size, align, maxalign, c, offset;
    int bit_size, bit_pos, bsize, bt, lbit_pos;
    Sym *s, *ss, **ps;
    AttributeDef ad;
    CType type1, btype;

    a = tok; /* save decl type */
    next();
    if (tok != '{') {
        v = tok;
        next();
        /* struct already defined ? return it */
        /* XXX: check consistency */
        s = struct_find(v);
        if (s) {
            if (s->type.t != a)
                error("invalid type");
            goto do_decl;
        }
    } else {
        v = anon_sym++;
    }
    type1.t = a;
    s = sym_push(v | SYM_STRUCT, &type1, 0, 0);
    /* put struct/union/enum name in type */
 do_decl:
    type->t = u;
    type->ref = s;
    
    if (tok == '{') {
        next();
        if (s->c)
            error("struct/union/enum already defined");
        /* cannot be empty */
        c = 0;
        /* non empty enums are not allowed */
        if (a == TOK_ENUM) {
            for(;;) {
                v = tok;
                next();
                if (tok == '=') {
                    next();
                    c = expr_const();
                }
                /* enum symbols have static storage */
                ss = sym_push(v, &int_type, VT_CONST, c);
                ss->type.t |= VT_STATIC;
                if (tok == ',')
                    next();
                c++;
                if (tok == '}')
                    break;
            }
            skip('}');
        } else {
            maxalign = 1;
            ps = &s->next;
            bit_pos = 0;
            offset = 0;
            while (tok != '}') {
                parse_btype(&btype, &ad);
                while (1) {
                    bit_size = -1;
                    v = 0;
                    type1 = btype;
                    if (tok != ':') {
                        type_decl(&type1, &ad, &v, TYPE_DIRECT);
                        if ((type1.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC ||
                            (type1.t & (VT_TYPEDEF | VT_STATIC | VT_EXTERN)))
                            error("invalid type for '%s'", 
                                  get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                    }
                    if (tok == ':') {
                        next();
                        bit_size = expr_const();
                        /* XXX: handle v = 0 case for messages */
                        if (bit_size < 0)
                            error("negative width in bit-field '%s'", 
                                  get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                        if (v && bit_size == 0)
                            error("zero width for bit-field '%s'", 
                                  get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                    }
                    size = type_size(&type1, &align);
                    lbit_pos = 0;
                    if (bit_size >= 0) {
                        bt = type1.t & VT_BTYPE;
                        if (bt != VT_INT && 
                            bt != VT_BYTE && 
                            bt != VT_SHORT &&
                            bt != VT_ENUM)
                            error("bitfields must have scalar type");
                        bsize = size * 8;
                        if (bit_size > bsize) {
                            error("width of '%s' exceeds its type",
                                  get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                        } else if (bit_size == bsize) {
                            /* no need for bit fields */
                            bit_pos = 0;
                        } else if (bit_size == 0) {
                            /* XXX: what to do if only padding in a
                               structure ? */
                            /* zero size: means to pad */
                            if (bit_pos > 0)
                                bit_pos = bsize;
                        } else {
                            /* we do not have enough room ? */
                            if ((bit_pos + bit_size) > bsize)
                                bit_pos = 0;
                            lbit_pos = bit_pos;
                            /* XXX: handle LSB first */
                            type1.t |= VT_BITFIELD | 
                                (bit_pos << VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) |
                                (bit_size << (VT_STRUCT_SHIFT + 6));
                            bit_pos += bit_size;
                        }
                    } else {
                        bit_pos = 0;
                    }
                    if (v) {
                        /* add new memory data only if starting
                           bit field */
                        if (lbit_pos == 0) {
                            if (a == TOK_STRUCT) {
                                c = (c + align - 1) & -align;
                                offset = c;
                                c += size;
                            } else {
                                offset = 0;
                                if (size > c)
                                    c = size;
                            }
                            if (align > maxalign)
                                maxalign = align;
                        }
#if 0
                        printf("add field %s offset=%d", 
                               get_tok_str(v, NULL), offset);
                        if (type1.t & VT_BITFIELD) {
                            printf(" pos=%d size=%d", 
                                   (type1.t >> VT_STRUCT_SHIFT) & 0x3f,
                                   (type1.t >> (VT_STRUCT_SHIFT + 6)) & 0x3f);
                        }
                        printf("\n");
#endif
                        ss = sym_push(v | SYM_FIELD, &type1, 0, offset);
                        *ps = ss;
                        ps = &ss->next;
                    }
                    if (tok == ';' || tok == TOK_EOF)
                        break;
                    skip(',');
                }
                skip(';');
            }
            skip('}');
            /* store size and alignment */
            s->c = (c + maxalign - 1) & -maxalign; 
            s->r = maxalign;
        }
    }
}

/* return 0 if no type declaration. otherwise, return the basic type
   and skip it. 
 */
static int parse_btype(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad)
{
    int t, u, type_found;
    Sym *s;
    CType type1;

    memset(ad, 0, sizeof(AttributeDef));
    type_found = 0;
    t = 0;
    while(1) {
        switch(tok) {
            /* basic types */
        case TOK_CHAR:
            u = VT_BYTE;
        basic_type:
            next();
        basic_type1:
            if ((t & VT_BTYPE) != 0)
                error("too many basic types");
            t |= u;
            break;
        case TOK_VOID:
            u = VT_VOID;
            goto basic_type;
        case TOK_SHORT:
            u = VT_SHORT;
            goto basic_type;
        case TOK_INT:
            next();
            break;
        case TOK_LONG:
            next();
            if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_DOUBLE) {
                t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_LDOUBLE;
            } else if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LONG) {
                t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_LLONG;
            } else {
                u = VT_LONG;
                goto basic_type1;
            }
            break;
        case TOK_BOOL:
            u = VT_BOOL;
            goto basic_type;
        case TOK_FLOAT:
            u = VT_FLOAT;
            goto basic_type;
        case TOK_DOUBLE:
            next();
            if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LONG) {
                t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_LDOUBLE;
            } else {
                u = VT_DOUBLE;
                goto basic_type1;
            }
            break;
        case TOK_ENUM:
            struct_decl(&type1, VT_ENUM);
        basic_type2:
            u = type1.t;
            type->ref = type1.ref;
            goto basic_type1;
        case TOK_STRUCT:
        case TOK_UNION:
            struct_decl(&type1, VT_STRUCT);
            goto basic_type2;

            /* type modifiers */
        case TOK_CONST:
        case TOK_VOLATILE:
        case TOK_REGISTER:
        case TOK_SIGNED:
        case TOK___SIGNED__:
        case TOK_AUTO:
        case TOK_INLINE:
        case TOK___INLINE__:
        case TOK_RESTRICT:
            next();
            break;
        case TOK_UNSIGNED:
            t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
            next();
            break;

            /* storage */
        case TOK_EXTERN:
            t |= VT_EXTERN;
            next();
            break;
        case TOK_STATIC:
            t |= VT_STATIC;
            next();
            break;
        case TOK_TYPEDEF:
            t |= VT_TYPEDEF;
            next();
            break;
            /* GNUC attribute */
        case TOK___ATTRIBUTE__:
            parse_attribute(ad);
            break;
            /* GNUC typeof */
        case TOK_TYPEOF:
            next();
            parse_expr_type(&type1);
            goto basic_type2;
        default:
            s = sym_find(tok);
            if (!s || !(s->type.t & VT_TYPEDEF))
                goto the_end;
            t |= (s->type.t & ~VT_TYPEDEF);
            type->ref = s->type.ref;
            next();
            break;
        }
        type_found = 1;
    }
the_end:
    /* long is never used as type */
    if ((t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LONG)
        t = (t & ~VT_BTYPE) | VT_INT;
    type->t = t;
    return type_found;
}

static void post_type(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad)
{
    int n, l, t1;
    Sym **plast, *s, *first;
    AttributeDef ad1;
    CType pt;

    if (tok == '(') {
        /* function declaration */
        next();
        l = 0;
        first = NULL;
        plast = &first;
        while (tok != ')') {
            /* read param name and compute offset */
            if (l != FUNC_OLD) {
                if (!parse_btype(&pt, &ad1)) {
                    if (l) {
                        error("invalid type");
                    } else {
                        l = FUNC_OLD;
                        goto old_proto;
                    }
                }
                l = FUNC_NEW;
                if ((pt.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_VOID && tok == ')')
                    break;
                type_decl(&pt, &ad1, &n, TYPE_DIRECT | TYPE_ABSTRACT);
                if ((pt.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_VOID)
                    error("parameter declared as void");
            } else {
            old_proto:
                n = tok;
                pt.t = VT_INT;
                next();
            }
            /* array must be transformed to pointer according to ANSI C */
            pt.t &= ~VT_ARRAY;
            s = sym_push(n | SYM_FIELD, &pt, 0, 0);
            *plast = s;
            plast = &s->next;
            if (tok == ',') {
                next();
                if (l == FUNC_NEW && tok == TOK_DOTS) {
                    l = FUNC_ELLIPSIS;
                    next();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        /* if no parameters, then old type prototype */
        if (l == 0)
            l = FUNC_OLD;
        skip(')');
        t1 = type->t & (VT_TYPEDEF | VT_STATIC | VT_EXTERN);
        type->t &= ~(VT_TYPEDEF | VT_STATIC | VT_EXTERN);
        post_type(type, ad);
        /* we push a anonymous symbol which will contain the function prototype */
        s = sym_push(SYM_FIELD, type, ad->func_call, l);
        s->next = first;
        type->t = t1 | VT_FUNC;
        type->ref = s;
    } else if (tok == '[') {
        /* array definition */
        next();
        n = -1;
        if (tok != ']') {
            n = expr_const();
            if (n < 0)
                error("invalid array size");    
        }
        skip(']');
        /* parse next post type */
        t1 = type->t & (VT_TYPEDEF | VT_STATIC | VT_EXTERN);
        type->t &= ~(VT_TYPEDEF | VT_STATIC | VT_EXTERN);
        post_type(type, ad);
        
        /* we push a anonymous symbol which will contain the array
           element type */
        s = sym_push(SYM_FIELD, type, 0, n);
        type->t = t1 | VT_ARRAY | VT_PTR;
        type->ref = s;
    }
}

/* Parse a type declaration (except basic type), and return the type
   in 'type'. 'td' is a bitmask indicating which kind of type decl is
   expected. 'type' should contain the basic type. 'ad' is the
   attribute definition of the basic type. It can be modified by
   type_decl(). 
 */
static void type_decl(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int *v, int td)
{
    Sym *s;
    CType type1, *type2;

    while (tok == '*') {
        next();
        while (tok == TOK_CONST || tok == TOK_VOLATILE || tok == TOK_RESTRICT)
            next();
        mk_pointer(type);
    }
    
    /* recursive type */
    /* XXX: incorrect if abstract type for functions (e.g. 'int ()') */
    type1.t = 0; /* XXX: same as int */
    if (tok == '(') {
        next();
        /* XXX: this is not correct to modify 'ad' at this point, but
           the syntax is not clear */
        if (tok == TOK___ATTRIBUTE__)
            parse_attribute(ad);
        type_decl(&type1, ad, v, td);
        skip(')');
    } else {
        /* type identifier */
        if (tok >= TOK_IDENT && (td & TYPE_DIRECT)) {
            *v = tok;
            next();
        } else {
            if (!(td & TYPE_ABSTRACT))
                expect("identifier");
            *v = 0;
        }
    }
    post_type(type, ad);
    if (tok == TOK___ATTRIBUTE__)
        parse_attribute(ad);
    if (!type1.t)
        return;
    /* append type at the end of type1 */
    type2 = &type1;
    for(;;) {
        s = type2->ref;
        type2 = &s->type;
        if (!type2->t) {
            *type2 = *type;
            break;
        }
    }
    *type = type1;
}

/* compute the lvalue VT_LVAL_xxx needed to match type t. */
static int lvalue_type(int t)
{
    int bt, r;
    r = VT_LVAL;
    bt = t & VT_BTYPE;
    if (bt == VT_BYTE)
        r |= VT_LVAL_BYTE;
    else if (bt == VT_SHORT)
        r |= VT_LVAL_SHORT;
    else
        return r;
    if (t & VT_UNSIGNED)
        r |= VT_LVAL_UNSIGNED;
    return r;
}

/* indirection with full error checking and bound check */
static void indir(void)
{
    if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_PTR)
        expect("pointer");
    if ((vtop->r & VT_LVAL) && !nocode_wanted)
        gv(RC_INT);
    vtop->type = *pointed_type(&vtop->type);
    /* an array is never an lvalue */
    if (!(vtop->type.t & VT_ARRAY)) {
        vtop->r |= lvalue_type(vtop->type.t);
        /* if bound checking, the referenced pointer must be checked */
        if (do_bounds_check) 
            vtop->r |= VT_MUSTBOUND;
    }
}

/* pass a parameter to a function and do type checking and casting */
void gfunc_param_typed(GFuncContext *gf, Sym *func, Sym *arg)
{
    int func_type;
    CType type;

    func_type = func->c;
    if (func_type == FUNC_OLD ||
        (func_type == FUNC_ELLIPSIS && arg == NULL)) {
        /* default casting : only need to convert float to double */
        if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FLOAT) {
            type.t = VT_DOUBLE;
            gen_cast(&type);
        }
    } else if (arg == NULL) {
        error("too many arguments to function");
    } else {
        gen_assign_cast(&arg->type);
    }
    if (!nocode_wanted) {
        gfunc_param(gf);
    } else {
        vpop();
    }
}

/* parse an expression of the form '(type)' or '(expr)' and return its
   type */
static void parse_expr_type(CType *type)
{
    int n;
    AttributeDef ad;

    skip('(');
    if (parse_btype(type, &ad)) {
        type_decl(type, &ad, &n, TYPE_ABSTRACT);
    } else {
        expr_type(type);
    }
    skip(')');
}

static void vpush_tokc(int t)
{
    CType type;
    type.t = t;
    vsetc(&type, VT_CONST, &tokc);
}

static void unary(void)
{
    int n, t, align, size, r;
    CType type;
    Sym *s;
    GFuncContext gf;
    AttributeDef ad;

    /* XXX: GCC 2.95.3 does not generate a table although it should be
       better here */
    switch(tok) {
    case TOK_CINT:
    case TOK_CCHAR: 
    case TOK_LCHAR:
        vpushi(tokc.i);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK_CUINT:
        vpush_tokc(VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK_CLLONG:
        vpush_tokc(VT_LLONG);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK_CULLONG:
        vpush_tokc(VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK_CFLOAT:
        vpush_tokc(VT_FLOAT);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK_CDOUBLE:
        vpush_tokc(VT_DOUBLE);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK_CLDOUBLE:
        vpush_tokc(VT_LDOUBLE);
        next();
        break;
    case TOK___FUNCTION__:
        if (!gnu_ext)
            goto tok_identifier;
        /* fall thru */
    case TOK___FUNC__:
        {
            void *ptr;
            int len;
            /* special function name identifier */
            len = strlen(funcname) + 1;
            /* generate char[len] type */
            type.t = VT_BYTE;
            mk_pointer(&type);
            type.t |= VT_ARRAY;
            type.ref->c = len;
            vpush_ref(&type, data_section, data_section->data_offset, len);
            ptr = section_ptr_add(data_section, len);
            memcpy(ptr, funcname, len);
            next();
        }
        break;
    case TOK_LSTR:
        t = VT_INT;
        goto str_init;
    case TOK_STR:
        /* string parsing */
        t = VT_BYTE;
    str_init:
        type.t = t;
        mk_pointer(&type);
        type.t |= VT_ARRAY;
        memset(&ad, 0, sizeof(AttributeDef));
        decl_initializer_alloc(&type, &ad, VT_CONST, 2, 0, 0);
        break;
    case '(':
        next();
        /* cast ? */
        if (parse_btype(&type, &ad)) {
            type_decl(&type, &ad, &n, TYPE_ABSTRACT);
            skip(')');
            /* check ISOC99 compound literal */
            if (tok == '{') {
                    /* data is allocated locally by default */
                if (global_expr)
                    r = VT_CONST;
                else
                    r = VT_LOCAL;
                /* all except arrays are lvalues */
                if (!(type.t & VT_ARRAY))
                    r |= lvalue_type(type.t);
                memset(&ad, 0, sizeof(AttributeDef));
                decl_initializer_alloc(&type, &ad, r, 1, 0, 0);
            } else {
                unary();
                gen_cast(&type);
            }
        } else {
            gexpr();
            skip(')');
        }
        break;
    case '*':
        next();
        unary();
        indir();
        break;
    case '&':
        next();
        unary();
        /* functions names must be treated as function pointers,
           except for unary '&' and sizeof. Since we consider that
           functions are not lvalues, we only have to handle it
           there and in function calls. */
        /* arrays can also be used although they are not lvalues */
        if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_FUNC &&
            !(vtop->type.t & VT_ARRAY))
            test_lvalue();
        mk_pointer(&vtop->type);
        gaddrof();
        break;
    case '!':
        next();
        unary();
        if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) == VT_CONST)
            vtop->c.i = !vtop->c.i;
        else if ((vtop->r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_CMP)
            vtop->c.i = vtop->c.i ^ 1;
        else
            vseti(VT_JMP, gtst(1, 0));
        break;
    case '~':
        next();
        unary();
        vpushi(-1);
        gen_op('^');
        break;
    case '+':
        next();
        /* in order to force cast, we add zero */
        unary();
        if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_PTR)
            error("pointer not accepted for unary plus");
        vpushi(0);
        gen_op('+');
        break;
    case TOK_SIZEOF:
    case TOK_ALIGNOF:
        t = tok;
        next();
        if (tok == '(') {
            parse_expr_type(&type);
        } else {
            unary_type(&type);
        }
        size = type_size(&type, &align);
        if (t == TOK_SIZEOF)
            vpushi(size);
        else
            vpushi(align);
        break;
        
    case TOK_INC:
    case TOK_DEC:
        t = tok;
        next();
        unary();
        inc(0, t);
        break;
    case '-':
        next();
        vpushi(0);
        unary();
        gen_op('-');
        break;
    case TOK_LAND:
        if (!gnu_ext)
            goto tok_identifier;
        next();
        /* allow to take the address of a label */
        if (tok < TOK_UIDENT)
            expect("label identifier");
        s = label_find(tok);
        if (!s) {
            s = label_push(tok, LABEL_FORWARD);
        }
        if (!s->type.t) {
            s->type.t = VT_VOID;
            mk_pointer(&s->type);
            s->type.t |= VT_STATIC;
        }
        vset(&s->type, VT_CONST | VT_SYM, 0);
        vtop->sym = s;
        next();
        break;
    default:
    tok_identifier:
        t = tok;
        next();
        if (t < TOK_UIDENT)
            expect("identifier");
        s = sym_find(t);
        if (!s) {
            if (tok != '(')
                error("'%s' undeclared", get_tok_str(t, NULL));
            /* for simple function calls, we tolerate undeclared
               external reference to int() function */
            s = external_global_sym(t, &func_old_type, 0); 
        }
        vset(&s->type, s->r, s->c);
        /* if forward reference, we must point to s */
        if (vtop->r & VT_SYM) {
            vtop->sym = s;
            vtop->c.ul = 0;
        }
        break;
    }
    
    /* post operations */
    while (1) {
        if (tok == TOK_INC || tok == TOK_DEC) {
            inc(1, tok);
            next();
        } else if (tok == '.' || tok == TOK_ARROW) {
            /* field */ 
            if (tok == TOK_ARROW) 
                indir();
            test_lvalue();
            gaddrof();
            next();
            /* expect pointer on structure */
            if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_STRUCT)
                expect("struct or union");
            s = vtop->type.ref;
            /* find field */
            tok |= SYM_FIELD;
            while ((s = s->next) != NULL) {
                if (s->v == tok)
                    break;
            }
            if (!s)
                error("field not found");
            /* add field offset to pointer */
            vtop->type = char_pointer_type; /* change type to 'char *' */
            vpushi(s->c);
            gen_op('+');
            /* change type to field type, and set to lvalue */
            vtop->type = s->type;
            /* an array is never an lvalue */
            if (!(vtop->type.t & VT_ARRAY)) {
                vtop->r |= lvalue_type(vtop->type.t);
                /* if bound checking, the referenced pointer must be checked */
                if (do_bounds_check) 
                    vtop->r |= VT_MUSTBOUND;
            }
            next();
        } else if (tok == '[') {
            next();
            gexpr();
            gen_op('+');
            indir();
            skip(']');
        } else if (tok == '(') {
            SValue ret;
            Sym *sa;

            /* function call  */
            if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_FUNC) {
                /* pointer test (no array accepted) */
                if ((vtop->type.t & (VT_BTYPE | VT_ARRAY)) == VT_PTR) {
                    vtop->type = *pointed_type(&vtop->type);
                    if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_FUNC)
                        goto error_func;
                } else {
                error_func:
                    expect("function pointer");
                }
            } else {
                vtop->r &= ~VT_LVAL; /* no lvalue */
            }
            /* get return type */
            s = vtop->type.ref;
            if (!nocode_wanted) {
                save_regs(0); /* save used temporary registers */
                gfunc_start(&gf, s->r);
            }
            next();
            sa = s->next; /* first parameter */
#ifdef INVERT_FUNC_PARAMS
            {
                int parlevel;
                Sym *args, *s1;
                ParseState saved_parse_state;
                TokenString str;
                
                /* read each argument and store it on a stack */
                args = NULL;
                if (tok != ')') {
                    for(;;) {
                        tok_str_new(&str);
                        parlevel = 0;
                        while ((parlevel > 0 || (tok != ')' && tok != ',')) && 
                               tok != TOK_EOF) {
                            if (tok == '(')
                                parlevel++;
                            else if (tok == ')')
                                parlevel--;
                            tok_str_add_tok(&str);
                            next();
                        }
                        tok_str_add(&str, -1); /* end of file added */
                        tok_str_add(&str, 0);
                        s1 = sym_push2(&args, 0, 0, (int)str.str);
                        s1->next = sa; /* add reference to argument */
                        if (sa)
                            sa = sa->next;
                        if (tok == ')')
                            break;
                        skip(',');
                    }
                }
                
                /* now generate code in reverse order by reading the stack */
                save_parse_state(&saved_parse_state);
                while (args) {
                    macro_ptr = (int *)args->c;
                    next();
                    expr_eq();
                    if (tok != -1)
                        expect("',' or ')'");
                    gfunc_param_typed(&gf, s, args->next);
                    s1 = args->prev;
                    tok_str_free((int *)args->c);
                    tcc_free(args);
                    args = s1;
                }
                restore_parse_state(&saved_parse_state);
            }
#endif
            /* compute first implicit argument if a structure is returned */
            if ((s->type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT) {
                /* get some space for the returned structure */
                size = type_size(&s->type, &align);
                loc = (loc - size) & -align;
                ret.type = s->type;
                ret.r = VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL;
                /* pass it as 'int' to avoid structure arg passing
                   problems */
                vseti(VT_LOCAL, loc);
                ret.c = vtop->c;
                if (!nocode_wanted)
                    gfunc_param(&gf);
                else
                    vtop--;
            } else {
                ret.type = s->type; 
                ret.r2 = VT_CONST;
                /* return in register */
                if (is_float(ret.type.t)) {
                    ret.r = REG_FRET; 
                } else {
                    if ((ret.type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG)
                        ret.r2 = REG_LRET;
                    ret.r = REG_IRET;
                }
                ret.c.i = 0;
            }
#ifndef INVERT_FUNC_PARAMS
            if (tok != ')') {
                for(;;) {
                    expr_eq();
                    gfunc_param_typed(&gf, s, sa);
                    if (sa)
                        sa = sa->next;
                    if (tok == ')')
                        break;
                    skip(',');
                }
            }
#endif
            if (sa)
                error("too few arguments to function");
            skip(')');
            if (!nocode_wanted)
                gfunc_call(&gf);
            else
                vtop--;
            /* return value */
            vsetc(&ret.type, ret.r, &ret.c);
            vtop->r2 = ret.r2;
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
}

static void uneq(void)
{
    int t;
    
    unary();
    if (tok == '=' ||
        (tok >= TOK_A_MOD && tok <= TOK_A_DIV) ||
        tok == TOK_A_XOR || tok == TOK_A_OR ||
        tok == TOK_A_SHL || tok == TOK_A_SAR) {
        test_lvalue();
        t = tok;
        next();
        if (t == '=') {
            expr_eq();
        } else {
            vdup();
            expr_eq();
            gen_op(t & 0x7f);
        }
        vstore();
    }
}

static void expr_prod(void)
{
    int t;

    uneq();
    while (tok == '*' || tok == '/' || tok == '%') {
        t = tok;
        next();
        uneq();
        gen_op(t);
    }
}

static void expr_sum(void)
{
    int t;

    expr_prod();
    while (tok == '+' || tok == '-') {
        t = tok;
        next();
        expr_prod();
        gen_op(t);
    }
}

static void expr_shift(void)
{
    int t;

    expr_sum();
    while (tok == TOK_SHL || tok == TOK_SAR) {
        t = tok;
        next();
        expr_sum();
        gen_op(t);
    }
}

static void expr_cmp(void)
{
    int t;

    expr_shift();
    while ((tok >= TOK_ULE && tok <= TOK_GT) ||
           tok == TOK_ULT || tok == TOK_UGE) {
        t = tok;
        next();
        expr_shift();
        gen_op(t);
    }
}

static void expr_cmpeq(void)
{
    int t;

    expr_cmp();
    while (tok == TOK_EQ || tok == TOK_NE) {
        t = tok;
        next();
        expr_cmp();
        gen_op(t);
    }
}

static void expr_and(void)
{
    expr_cmpeq();
    while (tok == '&') {
        next();
        expr_cmpeq();
        gen_op('&');
    }
}

static void expr_xor(void)
{
    expr_and();
    while (tok == '^') {
        next();
        expr_and();
        gen_op('^');
    }
}

static void expr_or(void)
{
    expr_xor();
    while (tok == '|') {
        next();
        expr_xor();
        gen_op('|');
    }
}

/* XXX: suppress this mess */
static void expr_land_const(void)
{
    expr_or();
    while (tok == TOK_LAND) {
        next();
        expr_or();
        gen_op(TOK_LAND);
    }
}

/* XXX: suppress this mess */
static void expr_lor_const(void)
{
    expr_land_const();
    while (tok == TOK_LOR) {
        next();
        expr_land_const();
        gen_op(TOK_LOR);
    }
}

/* only used if non constant */
static void expr_land(void)
{
    int t;

    expr_or();
    if (tok == TOK_LAND) {
        t = 0;
        for(;;) {
            t = gtst(1, t);
            if (tok != TOK_LAND) {
                vseti(VT_JMPI, t);
                break;
            }
            next();
            expr_or();
        }
    }
}

static void expr_lor(void)
{
    int t;

    expr_land();
    if (tok == TOK_LOR) {
        t = 0;
        for(;;) {
            t = gtst(0, t);
            if (tok != TOK_LOR) {
                vseti(VT_JMP, t);
                break;
            }
            next();
            expr_land();
        }
    }
}

/* XXX: better constant handling */
static void expr_eq(void)
{
    int tt, u, r1, r2, rc, t1, t2, bt1, bt2;
    SValue sv;
    CType type, type1, type2;

    if (const_wanted) {
        int c1, c;
        expr_lor_const();
        if (tok == '?') {
            c = vtop->c.i;
            vpop();
            next();
            gexpr();
            c1 = vtop->c.i;
            vpop();
            skip(':');
            expr_eq();
            if (c)
                vtop->c.i = c1;
        }
    } else {
        expr_lor();
        if (tok == '?') {
            next();
            if (vtop != vstack) {
                /* needed to avoid having different registers saved in
                   each branch */
                if (is_float(vtop->type.t))
                    rc = RC_FLOAT;
                else
                    rc = RC_INT;
                    gv(rc);
                    save_regs(1);
            }
            tt = gtst(1, 0);
            gexpr();
            type1 = vtop->type;
            sv = *vtop; /* save value to handle it later */
            vtop--; /* no vpop so that FP stack is not flushed */
            skip(':');
            u = gjmp(0);
            gsym(tt);
            expr_eq();
            type2 = vtop->type;

            t1 = type1.t;
            bt1 = t1 & VT_BTYPE;
            t2 = type2.t;
            bt2 = t2 & VT_BTYPE;
            /* cast operands to correct type according to ISOC rules */
            if (is_float(bt1) || is_float(bt2)) {
                if (bt1 == VT_LDOUBLE || bt2 == VT_LDOUBLE) {
                    type.t = VT_LDOUBLE;
                } else if (bt1 == VT_DOUBLE || bt2 == VT_DOUBLE) {
                    type.t = VT_DOUBLE;
                } else {
                    type.t = VT_FLOAT;
                }
            } else if (bt1 == VT_LLONG || bt2 == VT_LLONG) {
                /* cast to biggest op */
                type.t = VT_LLONG;
                /* convert to unsigned if it does not fit in a long long */
                if ((t1 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED) ||
                    (t2 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_LLONG | VT_UNSIGNED))
                    type.t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
            } else if (bt1 == VT_PTR || bt2 == VT_PTR) {
                /* XXX: test pointer compatibility */
                type = type1;
            } else if (bt1 == VT_STRUCT || bt2 == VT_STRUCT) {
                /* XXX: test structure compatibility */
                type = type1;
            } else if (bt1 == VT_VOID || bt2 == VT_VOID) {
                /* NOTE: as an extension, we accept void on only one side */
                type.t = VT_VOID;
            } else {
                /* integer operations */
                type.t = VT_INT;
                /* convert to unsigned if it does not fit in an integer */
                if ((t1 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED) ||
                    (t2 & (VT_BTYPE | VT_UNSIGNED)) == (VT_INT | VT_UNSIGNED))
                    type.t |= VT_UNSIGNED;
            }
                
            /* now we convert second operand */
            gen_cast(&type);
            rc = RC_INT;
            if (is_float(type.t)) {
                rc = RC_FLOAT;
            } else if ((type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_LLONG) {
                /* for long longs, we use fixed registers to avoid having
                   to handle a complicated move */
                rc = RC_IRET; 
            }
            
            r2 = gv(rc);
            /* this is horrible, but we must also convert first
               operand */
            tt = gjmp(0);
            gsym(u);
            /* put again first value and cast it */
            *vtop = sv;
            gen_cast(&type);
            r1 = gv(rc);
            move_reg(r2, r1);
            vtop->r = r2;
            gsym(tt);
        }
    }
}

static void gexpr(void)
{
    while (1) {
        expr_eq();
        if (tok != ',')
            break;
        vpop();
        next();
    }
}

/* parse an expression and return its type without any side effect. */
static void expr_type(CType *type)
{
    int a;

    a = nocode_wanted;
    nocode_wanted = 1;
    gexpr();
    *type = vtop->type;
    vpop();
    nocode_wanted = a;
}

/* parse a unary expression and return its type without any side
   effect. */
static void unary_type(CType *type)
{
    int a;

    a = nocode_wanted;
    nocode_wanted = 1;
    unary();
    *type = vtop->type;
    vpop();
    nocode_wanted = a;
}

/* parse a constant expression and return value in vtop.  */
static void expr_const1(void)
{
    int a;
    a = const_wanted;
    const_wanted = 1;
    expr_eq();
    const_wanted = a;
}

/* parse an integer constant and return its value. */
static int expr_const(void)
{
    int c;
    expr_const1();
    if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL | VT_SYM)) != VT_CONST)
        expect("constant expression");
    c = vtop->c.i;
    vpop();
    return c;
}

/* return the label token if current token is a label, otherwise
   return zero */
static int is_label(void)
{
    int t;
    CValue c;

    /* fast test first */
    if (tok < TOK_UIDENT)
        return 0;
    /* no need to save tokc since we expect an identifier */
    t = tok;
    c = tokc;
    next();
    if (tok == ':') {
        next();
        return t;
    } else {
        /* XXX: may not work in all cases (macros ?) */
        tok1 = tok;
        tok1c = tokc;
        tok = t;
        tokc = c;
        return 0;
    }
}

static void block(int *bsym, int *csym, int *case_sym, int *def_sym, int case_reg)
{
    int a, b, c, d;
    Sym *s;

    /* generate line number info */
    if (do_debug && 
        (last_line_num != file->line_num || last_ind != ind)) {
        put_stabn(N_SLINE, 0, file->line_num, ind - func_ind);
        last_ind = ind;
        last_line_num = file->line_num;
    }

    if (tok == TOK_IF) {
        /* if test */
        next();
        skip('(');
        gexpr();
        skip(')');
        a = gtst(1, 0);
        block(bsym, csym, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
        c = tok;
        if (c == TOK_ELSE) {
            next();
            d = gjmp(0);
            gsym(a);
            block(bsym, csym, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
            gsym(d); /* patch else jmp */
        } else
            gsym(a);
    } else if (tok == TOK_WHILE) {
        next();
        d = ind;
        skip('(');
        gexpr();
        skip(')');
        a = gtst(1, 0);
        b = 0;
        block(&a, &b, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
        gjmp_addr(d);
        gsym(a);
        gsym_addr(b, d);
    } else if (tok == '{') {
        next();
        /* declarations */
        s = local_stack;
        while (tok != '}') {
            decl(VT_LOCAL);
            if (tok != '}')
                block(bsym, csym, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
        }
        /* pop locally defined symbols */
        sym_pop(&local_stack, s);
        next();
    } else if (tok == TOK_RETURN) {
        next();
        if (tok != ';') {
            gexpr();
            gen_assign_cast(&func_vt);
            if ((func_vt.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT) {
                CType type;
                /* if returning structure, must copy it to implicit
                   first pointer arg location */
                type = func_vt;
                mk_pointer(&type);
                vset(&type, VT_LOCAL | VT_LVAL, func_vc);
                indir();
                vswap();
                /* copy structure value to pointer */
                vstore();
            } else if (is_float(func_vt.t)) {
                gv(RC_FRET);
            } else {
                gv(RC_IRET);
            }
            vtop--; /* NOT vpop() because on x86 it would flush the fp stack */
        }
        skip(';');
        rsym = gjmp(rsym); /* jmp */
    } else if (tok == TOK_BREAK) {
        /* compute jump */
        if (!bsym)
            error("cannot break");
        *bsym = gjmp(*bsym);
        next();
        skip(';');
    } else if (tok == TOK_CONTINUE) {
        /* compute jump */
        if (!csym)
            error("cannot continue");
        *csym = gjmp(*csym);
        next();
        skip(';');
    } else if (tok == TOK_FOR) {
        int e;
        next();
        skip('(');
        if (tok != ';') {
            gexpr();
            vpop();
        }
        skip(';');
        d = ind;
        c = ind;
        a = 0;
        b = 0;
        if (tok != ';') {
            gexpr();
            a = gtst(1, 0);
        }
        skip(';');
        if (tok != ')') {
            e = gjmp(0);
            c = ind;
            gexpr();
            vpop();
            gjmp_addr(d);
            gsym(e);
        }
        skip(')');
        block(&a, &b, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
        gjmp_addr(c);
        gsym(a);
        gsym_addr(b, c);
    } else 
    if (tok == TOK_DO) {
        next();
        a = 0;
        b = 0;
        d = ind;
        block(&a, &b, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
        skip(TOK_WHILE);
        skip('(');
        gsym(b);
        gexpr();
        c = gtst(0, 0);
        gsym_addr(c, d);
        skip(')');
        gsym(a);
        skip(';');
    } else
    if (tok == TOK_SWITCH) {
        next();
        skip('(');
        gexpr();
        /* XXX: other types than integer */
        case_reg = gv(RC_INT);
        vpop();
        skip(')');
        a = 0;
        b = gjmp(0); /* jump to first case */
        c = 0;
        block(&a, csym, &b, &c, case_reg);
        /* if no default, jmp after switch */
        if (c == 0)
            c = ind;
        /* default label */
        gsym_addr(b, c);
        /* break label */
        gsym(a);
    } else
    if (tok == TOK_CASE) {
        int v1, v2;
        if (!case_sym)
            expect("switch");
        next();
        v1 = expr_const();
        v2 = v1;
        if (gnu_ext && tok == TOK_DOTS) {
            next();
            v2 = expr_const();
            if (v2 < v1)
                warning("empty case range");
        }
        /* since a case is like a label, we must skip it with a jmp */
        b = gjmp(0);
        gsym(*case_sym);
        vseti(case_reg, 0);
        vpushi(v1);
        if (v1 == v2) {
            gen_op(TOK_EQ);
            *case_sym = gtst(1, 0);
        } else {
            gen_op(TOK_GE);
            *case_sym = gtst(1, 0);
            vseti(case_reg, 0);
            vpushi(v2);
            gen_op(TOK_LE);
            *case_sym = gtst(1, *case_sym);
        }
        gsym(b);
        skip(':');
        block(bsym, csym, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
    } else 
    if (tok == TOK_DEFAULT) {
        next();
        skip(':');
        if (!def_sym)
            expect("switch");
        if (*def_sym)
            error("too many 'default'");
        *def_sym = ind;
        block(bsym, csym, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
    } else
    if (tok == TOK_GOTO) {
        next();
        if (tok == '*' && gnu_ext) {
            /* computed goto */
            next();
            gexpr();
            if ((vtop->type.t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_PTR)
                expect("pointer");
            ggoto();
        } else if (tok >= TOK_UIDENT) {
            s = label_find(tok);
            /* put forward definition if needed */
            if (!s) {
                s = label_push(tok, LABEL_FORWARD);
            }
            /* label already defined */
            if (s->r & LABEL_FORWARD) 
                s->next = (void *)gjmp((long)s->next);
            else
                gjmp_addr((long)s->next);
            next();
        } else {
            expect("label identifier");
        }
        skip(';');
    } else {
        b = is_label();
        if (b) {
            /* label case */
            s = label_find(b);
            if (s) {
                if (!(s->r & LABEL_FORWARD))
                    error("multiple defined label");
                gsym((long)s->next);
            } else {
                s = label_push(b, 0);
            }
            s->next = (void *)ind;
            s->r = 0;
            /* we accept this, but it is a mistake */
            if (tok == '}') 
                warning("deprecated use of label at end of compound statement");
            else
                block(bsym, csym, case_sym, def_sym, case_reg);
        } else {
            /* expression case */
            if (tok != ';') {
                gexpr();
                vpop();
            }
            skip(';');
        }
    }
}

/* t is the array or struct type. c is the array or struct
   address. cur_index/cur_field is the pointer to the current
   value. 'size_only' is true if only size info is needed (only used
   in arrays) */
static void decl_designator(CType *type, Section *sec, unsigned long c, 
                            int *cur_index, Sym **cur_field, 
                            int size_only)
{
    Sym *s, *f;
    int notfirst, index, align, l;
    CType type1;

    notfirst = 0;
    if (gnu_ext && (l = is_label()) != 0)
        goto struct_field;

    while (tok == '[' || tok == '.') {
        if (tok == '[') {
            if (!(type->t & VT_ARRAY))
                expect("array type");
            s = type->ref;
            next();
            index = expr_const();
            if (index < 0 || (s->c >= 0 && index >= s->c))
                expect("invalid index");
            skip(']');
            if (!notfirst)
                *cur_index = index;
            type = pointed_type(type);
            c += index * type_size(type, &align);
        } else {
            next();
            l = tok;
            next();
        struct_field:
            if ((type->t & VT_BTYPE) != VT_STRUCT)
                expect("struct/union type");
            s = type->ref;
            l |= SYM_FIELD;
            f = s->next;
            while (f) {
                if (f->v == l)
                    break;
                f = f->next;
            }
            if (!f)
                expect("field");
            if (!notfirst)
                *cur_field = f;
            /* XXX: suppress this mess by using explicit storage field */
            type1 = f->type;
            type1.t |= (type->t & ~VT_TYPE);
            type = &type1;
            c += f->c;
        }
        notfirst = 1;
    }
    if (notfirst) {
        if (tok == '=') {
            next();
        } else {
            if (!gnu_ext)
                expect("=");
        }
    } else {
        if (type->t & VT_ARRAY) {
            index = *cur_index;
            type = pointed_type(type);
            c += index * type_size(type, &align);
        } else {
            f = *cur_field;
            if (!f)
                error("too many field init");
            /* XXX: suppress this mess by using explicit storage field */
            type1 = f->type;
            type1.t |= (type->t & ~VT_TYPE);
            type = &type1;
            c += f->c;
        }
    }
    decl_initializer(type, sec, c, 0, size_only);
}

#define EXPR_VAL   0
#define EXPR_CONST 1
#define EXPR_ANY   2

/* store a value or an expression directly in global data or in local array */
static void init_putv(CType *type, Section *sec, unsigned long c, 
                      int v, int expr_type)
{
    int saved_global_expr, bt;
    void *ptr;

    switch(expr_type) {
    case EXPR_VAL:
        vpushi(v);
        break;
    case EXPR_CONST:
        /* compound literals must be allocated globally in this case */
        saved_global_expr = global_expr;
        global_expr = 1;
        expr_const1();
        global_expr = saved_global_expr;
        /* NOTE: symbols are accepted */
        if ((vtop->r & (VT_VALMASK | VT_LVAL)) != VT_CONST)
            error("initializer element is not constant");
        break;
    case EXPR_ANY:
        expr_eq();
        break;
    }
    
    if (sec) {
        /* XXX: not portable */
        /* XXX: generate error if incorrect relocation */
        gen_assign_cast(type);
        bt = type->t & VT_BTYPE;
        ptr = sec->data + c;
        if ((vtop->r & VT_SYM) &&
            (bt == VT_BYTE ||
             bt == VT_SHORT ||
             bt == VT_DOUBLE ||
             bt == VT_LDOUBLE ||
             bt == VT_LLONG))
            error("initializer element is not computable at load time");
        switch(bt) {
        case VT_BYTE:
            *(char *)ptr = vtop->c.i;
            break;
        case VT_SHORT:
            *(short *)ptr = vtop->c.i;
            break;
        case VT_DOUBLE:
            *(double *)ptr = vtop->c.d;
            break;
        case VT_LDOUBLE:
            *(long double *)ptr = vtop->c.ld;
            break;
        case VT_LLONG:
            *(long long *)ptr = vtop->c.ll;
            break;
        default:
            if (vtop->r & VT_SYM) {
                greloc(sec, vtop->sym, c, R_DATA_32);
            }
            *(int *)ptr = vtop->c.i;
            break;
        }
        vtop--;
    } else {
        vset(type, VT_LOCAL, c);
        vswap();
        vstore();
        vpop();
    }
}

/* put zeros for variable based init */
static void init_putz(CType *t, Section *sec, unsigned long c, int size)
{
    GFuncContext gf;

    if (sec) {
        /* nothing to do because globals are already set to zero */
    } else {
        gfunc_start(&gf, FUNC_CDECL);
        vpushi(size);
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        vpushi(0);
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        vseti(VT_LOCAL, c);
        gfunc_param(&gf);
        vpush_global_sym(&func_old_type, TOK_memset);
        gfunc_call(&gf);
    }
}

/* 't' contains the type and storage info. 'c' is the offset of the
   object in section 'sec'. If 'sec' is NULL, it means stack based
   allocation. 'first' is true if array '{' must be read (multi
   dimension implicit array init handling). 'size_only' is true if
   size only evaluation is wanted (only for arrays). */
static void decl_initializer(CType *type, Section *sec, unsigned long c, 
                             int first, int size_only)
{
    int index, array_length, n, no_oblock, nb, parlevel, i;
    int size1, align1, expr_type;
    Sym *s, *f;
    CType *t1;

    if (type->t & VT_ARRAY) {
        s = type->ref;
        n = s->c;
        array_length = 0;
        t1 = pointed_type(type);
        size1 = type_size(t1, &align1);

        no_oblock = 1;
        if ((first && tok != TOK_LSTR && tok != TOK_STR) || 
            tok == '{') {
            skip('{');
            no_oblock = 0;
        }

        /* only parse strings here if correct type (otherwise: handle
           them as ((w)char *) expressions */
        if ((tok == TOK_LSTR && 
             (t1->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_INT) ||
            (tok == TOK_STR &&
             (t1->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_BYTE)) {
            while (tok == TOK_STR || tok == TOK_LSTR) {
                int cstr_len, ch;
                CString *cstr;

                cstr = tokc.cstr;
                /* compute maximum number of chars wanted */
                if (tok == TOK_STR)
                    cstr_len = cstr->size;
                else
                    cstr_len = cstr->size / sizeof(int);
                cstr_len--;
                nb = cstr_len;
                if (n >= 0 && nb > (n - array_length))
                    nb = n - array_length;
                if (!size_only) {
                    if (cstr_len > nb)
                        warning("initializer-string for array is too long");
                    /* in order to go faster for common case (char
                       string in global variable, we handle it
                       specifically */
                    if (sec && tok == TOK_STR && size1 == 1) {
                        memcpy(sec->data + c + array_length, cstr->data, nb);
                    } else {
                        for(i=0;i<nb;i++) {
                            if (tok == TOK_STR)
                                ch = ((unsigned char *)cstr->data)[i];
                            else
                                ch = ((int *)cstr->data)[i];
                            init_putv(t1, sec, c + (array_length + i) * size1,
                                      ch, EXPR_VAL);
                        }
                    }
                }
                array_length += nb;
                next();
            }
            /* only add trailing zero if enough storage (no
               warning in this case since it is standard) */
            if (n < 0 || array_length < n) {
                if (!size_only) {
                    init_putv(t1, sec, c + (array_length * size1), 0, EXPR_VAL);
                }
                array_length++;
            }
        } else {
            index = 0;
            while (tok != '}') {
                decl_designator(type, sec, c, &index, NULL, size_only);
                if (n >= 0 && index >= n)
                    error("index too large");
                /* must put zero in holes (note that doing it that way
                   ensures that it even works with designators) */
                if (!size_only && array_length < index) {
                    init_putz(t1, sec, c + array_length * size1, 
                              (index - array_length) * size1);
                }
                index++;
                if (index > array_length)
                    array_length = index;
                /* special test for multi dimensional arrays (may not
                   be strictly correct if designators are used at the
                   same time) */
                if (index >= n && no_oblock)
                    break;
                if (tok == '}')
                    break;
                skip(',');
            }
        }
        if (!no_oblock)
            skip('}');
        /* put zeros at the end */
        if (!size_only && n >= 0 && array_length < n) {
            init_putz(t1, sec, c + array_length * size1, 
                      (n - array_length) * size1);
        }
        /* patch type size if needed */
        if (n < 0)
            s->c = array_length;
    } else if ((type->t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT &&
               (sec || !first || tok == '{')) {
        /* NOTE: the previous test is a specific case for automatic
           struct/union init */
        /* XXX: union needs only one init */
        /* XXX: handle bit fields */
        no_oblock = 1;
        if (first || tok == '{') {
            skip('{');
            no_oblock = 0;
        }
        s = type->ref;
        f = s->next;
        array_length = 0;
        index = 0;
        n = s->c;
        while (tok != '}') {
            decl_designator(type, sec, c, NULL, &f, size_only);
            /* XXX: bitfields ? */
            /* fill with zero between fields */
            index = f->c;
            if (!size_only && array_length < index) {
                init_putz(type, sec, c + array_length, 
                          index - array_length);
            }
            index = index + type_size(&f->type, &align1);
            if (index > array_length)
                array_length = index;
            if (no_oblock && f->next == NULL)
                break;
            if (tok == '}')
                break;
            skip(',');
            f = f->next;
        }
        /* put zeros at the end */
        if (!size_only && array_length < n) {
            init_putz(type, sec, c + array_length, 
                      n - array_length);
        }
        if (!no_oblock)
            skip('}');
    } else if (tok == '{') {
        next();
        decl_initializer(type, sec, c, first, size_only);
        skip('}');
    } else if (size_only) {
        /* just skip expression */
        parlevel = 0;
        while ((parlevel > 0 || (tok != '}' && tok != ',')) && 
               tok != -1) {
            if (tok == '(')
                parlevel++;
            else if (tok == ')')
                parlevel--;
            next();
        }
    } else {
        /* currently, we always use constant expression for globals
           (may change for scripting case) */
        expr_type = EXPR_CONST;
        if (!sec)
            expr_type = EXPR_ANY;
        init_putv(type, sec, c, 0, expr_type);
    }
}

/* parse an initializer for type 't' if 'has_init' is non zero, and
   allocate space in local or global data space ('r' is either
   VT_LOCAL or VT_CONST). If 'v' is non zero, then an associated
   variable 'v' of scope 'scope' is declared before initializers are
   parsed. If 'v' is zero, then a reference to the new object is put
   in the value stack. If 'has_init' is 2, a special parsing is done
   to handle string constants. */
static void decl_initializer_alloc(CType *type, AttributeDef *ad, int r, 
                                   int has_init, int v, int scope)
{
    int size, align, addr, data_offset;
    int level;
    ParseState saved_parse_state;
    TokenString init_str;
    Section *sec;

    size = type_size(type, &align);
    /* If unknown size, we must evaluate it before
       evaluating initializers because
       initializers can generate global data too
       (e.g. string pointers or ISOC99 compound
       literals). It also simplifies local
       initializers handling */
    tok_str_new(&init_str);
    if (size < 0) {
        if (!has_init) 
            error("unknown type size");
        /* get all init string */
        if (has_init == 2) {
            /* only get strings */
            while (tok == TOK_STR || tok == TOK_LSTR) {
                tok_str_add_tok(&init_str);
                next();
            }
        } else {
            level = 0;
            while (level > 0 || (tok != ',' && tok != ';')) {
                if (tok < 0)
                    error("unexpected end of file in initializer");
                tok_str_add_tok(&init_str);
                if (tok == '{')
                    level++;
                else if (tok == '}') {
                    if (level == 0)
                        break;
                    level--;
                }
                next();
            }
        }
        tok_str_add(&init_str, -1);
        tok_str_add(&init_str, 0);
        
        /* compute size */
        save_parse_state(&saved_parse_state);

        macro_ptr = init_str.str;
        next();
        decl_initializer(type, NULL, 0, 1, 1);
        /* prepare second initializer parsing */
        macro_ptr = init_str.str;
        next();
        
        /* if still unknown size, error */
        size = type_size(type, &align);
        if (size < 0) 
            error("unknown type size");
    }
    /* take into account specified alignment if bigger */
    if (ad->aligned > align)
        align = ad->aligned;
    if ((r & VT_VALMASK) == VT_LOCAL) {
        sec = NULL;
        if (do_bounds_check && (type->t & VT_ARRAY)) 
            loc--;
#ifdef TCC_TARGET_IL
        /* XXX: ugly patch to allocate local variables for IL, just
           for testing */
        addr = loc;
        loc++;
#else
        loc = (loc - size) & -align;
        addr = loc;
#endif
        /* handles bounds */
        /* XXX: currently, since we do only one pass, we cannot track
           '&' operators, so we add only arrays */
        if (do_bounds_check && (type->t & VT_ARRAY)) {
            unsigned long *bounds_ptr;
            /* add padding between regions */
            loc--;
            /* then add local bound info */
            bounds_ptr = section_ptr_add(lbounds_section, 2 * sizeof(unsigned long));
            bounds_ptr[0] = addr;
            bounds_ptr[1] = size;
        }
    } else {
        /* compute section */
        sec = ad->section;
        if (!sec) {
            if (has_init)
                sec = data_section;
            else
                sec = bss_section;
        }
        data_offset = sec->data_offset;
        data_offset = (data_offset + align - 1) & -align;
        addr = data_offset;
        /* very important to increment global pointer at this time
           because initializers themselves can create new initializers */
        data_offset += size;
        /* add padding if bound check */
        if (do_bounds_check)
            data_offset++;
        sec->data_offset = data_offset;
        /* allocate section space to put the data */
        if (sec->sh_type != SHT_NOBITS && 
            data_offset > sec->data_allocated)
            section_realloc(sec, data_offset);
    }
    if (!sec) {
        if (v) {
            /* local variable */
            sym_push(v, type, r, addr);
        } else {
            /* push local reference */
            vset(type, r, addr);
        }
    } else {
        Sym *sym;
        
        if (v) {
            if (scope == VT_CONST) {
                /* global scope: see if already defined */
                sym = sym_find(v);
                if (!sym)
                    goto do_def;
                if (!is_compatible_types(&sym->type, type))
                    error("incompatible types for redefinition of '%s'", 
                          get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                if (!(sym->type.t & VT_EXTERN))
                    error("redefinition of '%s'", get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                sym->type.t &= ~VT_EXTERN;
            } else {
            do_def:
                sym = sym_push(v, type, r | VT_SYM, 0);
            }
            put_extern_sym(sym, sec, addr, size);
        } else {
            CValue cval;

            /* push global reference */
            sym = get_sym_ref(type, sec, addr, size);
            cval.ul = 0;
            vsetc(type, VT_CONST | VT_SYM, &cval);
            vtop->sym = sym;
        }

        /* handles bounds now because the symbol must be defined
           before for the relocation */
        if (do_bounds_check) {
            unsigned long *bounds_ptr;

            greloc(bounds_section, sym, bounds_section->data_offset, R_DATA_32);
            /* then add global bound info */
            bounds_ptr = section_ptr_add(bounds_section, 2 * sizeof(long));
            bounds_ptr[0] = 0; /* relocated */
            bounds_ptr[1] = size;
        }
    }
    if (has_init) {
        decl_initializer(type, sec, addr, 1, 0);
        /* restore parse state if needed */
        if (init_str.str) {
            tok_str_free(init_str.str);
            restore_parse_state(&saved_parse_state);
        }
    }
}

void put_func_debug(Sym *sym)
{
    char buf[512];

    /* stabs info */
    /* XXX: we put here a dummy type */
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%c1", 
             funcname, sym->type.t & VT_STATIC ? 'f' : 'F');
    put_stabs_r(buf, N_FUN, 0, file->line_num, 0,
                cur_text_section, sym->c);
    last_ind = 0;
    last_line_num = 0;
}

/* not finished : try to put some local vars in registers */
//#define CONFIG_REG_VARS

#ifdef CONFIG_REG_VARS
void add_var_ref(int t)
{
    printf("%s:%d: &%s\n", 
           file->filename, file->line_num,
           get_tok_str(t, NULL));
}

/* first pass on a function with heuristic to extract variable usage
   and pointer references to local variables for register allocation */
void analyse_function(void)
{
    int level, t;

    for(;;) {
        if (tok == -1)
            break;
        /* any symbol coming after '&' is considered as being a
           variable whose reference is taken. It is highly unaccurate
           but it is difficult to do better without a complete parse */
        if (tok == '&') {
            next();
            /* if '& number', then no need to examine next tokens */
            if (tok == TOK_CINT ||
                tok == TOK_CUINT ||
                tok == TOK_CLLONG ||
                tok == TOK_CULLONG) {
                continue;
            } else if (tok >= TOK_UIDENT) {
                /* if '& ident [' or '& ident ->', then ident address
                   is not needed */
                t = tok;
                next();
                if (tok != '[' && tok != TOK_ARROW)
                    add_var_ref(t);
            } else {
                level = 0;
                while (tok != '}' && tok != ';' && 
                       !((tok == ',' || tok == ')') && level == 0)) {
                    if (tok >= TOK_UIDENT) {
                        add_var_ref(tok);
                    } else if (tok == '(') {
                        level++;
                    } else if (tok == ')') {
                        level--;
                    }
                    next();
                }
            }
        } else {
            next();
        }
    }
}
#endif

/* parse an old style function declaration list */
/* XXX: check multiple parameter */
static void func_decl_list(Sym *func_sym)
{
    AttributeDef ad;
    int v;
    Sym *s;
    CType btype, type;

    /* parse each declaration */
    while (tok != '{' && tok != ';' && tok != ',' && tok != TOK_EOF) {
        if (!parse_btype(&btype, &ad)) 
            expect("declaration list");
        if (((btype.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_ENUM ||
             (btype.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT) && 
            tok == ';') {
            /* we accept no variable after */
        } else {
            for(;;) {
                type = btype;
                type_decl(&type, &ad, &v, TYPE_DIRECT);
                /* find parameter in function parameter list */
                s = func_sym->next;
                while (s != NULL) {
                    if ((s->v & ~SYM_FIELD) == v)
                        goto found;
                    s = s->next;
                }
                error("declaration for parameter '%s' but no such parameter",
                      get_tok_str(v, NULL));
            found:
                /* check that no storage specifier except 'register' was given */
                if (type.t & (VT_EXTERN | VT_STATIC | VT_TYPEDEF))
                    error("storage class specified for '%s'", get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                /* we can add the type (NOTE: it could be local to the function) */
                s->type = type;
                /* accept other parameters */
                if (tok == ',')
                    next();
                else
                    break;
            }
        }
        skip(';');
    }
}

/* 'l' is VT_LOCAL or VT_CONST to define default storage type */
static void decl(int l)
{
    int v, has_init, r;
    CType type, btype;
    Sym *sym;
    AttributeDef ad;
    
    while (1) {
        if (!parse_btype(&btype, &ad)) {
            /* skip redundant ';' */
            /* XXX: find more elegant solution */
            if (tok == ';') {
                next();
                continue;
            }
            /* special test for old K&R protos without explicit int
               type. Only accepted when defining global data */
            if (l == VT_LOCAL || tok < TOK_DEFINE)
                break;
            btype.t = VT_INT;
        }
        if (((btype.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_ENUM ||
             (btype.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_STRUCT) && 
            tok == ';') {
            /* we accept no variable after */
            next();
            continue;
        }
        while (1) { /* iterate thru each declaration */
            type = btype;
            type_decl(&type, &ad, &v, TYPE_DIRECT);
#if 0
            {
                char buf[500];
                type_to_str(buf, sizeof(buf), t, get_tok_str(v, NULL));
                printf("type = '%s'\n", buf);
            }
#endif
            if ((type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
                /* if old style function prototype, we accept a
                   declaration list */
                sym = type.ref;
                if (sym->c == FUNC_OLD)
                    func_decl_list(sym);
            }

            if (tok == '{') {
#ifdef CONFIG_REG_VARS
                TokenString func_str;
                ParseState saved_parse_state;
                int block_level;
#endif

                if (l == VT_LOCAL)
                    error("cannot use local functions");
                if (!(type.t & VT_FUNC))
                    expect("function definition");

#ifdef CONFIG_REG_VARS
                /* parse all function code and record it */

                tok_str_new(&func_str);
                
                block_level = 0;
                for(;;) {
                    int t;
                    if (tok == -1)
                        error("unexpected end of file");
                    tok_str_add_tok(&func_str);
                    t = tok;
                    next();
                    if (t == '{') {
                        block_level++;
                    } else if (t == '}') {
                        block_level--;
                        if (block_level == 0)
                            break;
                    }
                }
                tok_str_add(&func_str, -1);
                tok_str_add(&func_str, 0);

                save_parse_state(&saved_parse_state);
    
                macro_ptr = func_str.str;
                next();
                analyse_function();
#endif

                /* compute text section */
                cur_text_section = ad.section;
                if (!cur_text_section)
                    cur_text_section = text_section;
                ind = cur_text_section->data_offset;
                funcname = get_tok_str(v, NULL);
                sym = sym_find(v);
                if (sym) {
                    /* if symbol is already defined, then put complete type */
                    sym->type = type;
                } else {
                    /* put function symbol */
                    sym = global_identifier_push(v, type.t, 0);
                    sym->type.ref = type.ref;
                }
                /* NOTE: we patch the symbol size later */
                put_extern_sym(sym, cur_text_section, ind, 0);
                func_ind = ind;
                sym->r = VT_SYM | VT_CONST;
                /* put debug symbol */
                if (do_debug)
                    put_func_debug(sym);
                /* push a dummy symbol to enable local sym storage */
                sym_push2(&local_stack, SYM_FIELD, 0, 0);
                gfunc_prolog(&type);
                loc = 0;
                rsym = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_REG_VARS
                macro_ptr = func_str.str;
                next();
#endif
                block(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
                gsym(rsym);
                gfunc_epilog();
                cur_text_section->data_offset = ind;
                /* look if any labels are undefined. Define symbols if
                   '&&label' was used. */
                {
                    Sym *s, *s1;
                    for(s = label_stack; s != NULL; s = s1) {
                        s1 = s->prev;
                        if (s->r & LABEL_FORWARD) {
                            error("label '%s' used but not defined",
                                  get_tok_str(s->v, NULL));
                        }
                        if (s->c) {
                            /* define corresponding symbol. A size of
                               1 is put. */
                            put_extern_sym(s, cur_text_section, (long)s->next, 1);
                        }
                        /* remove label */
                        table_ident[s->v - TOK_IDENT]->sym_label = NULL;
                        tcc_free(s);
                    }
                    label_stack = NULL;
                }
                sym_pop(&local_stack, NULL); /* reset local stack */
                /* end of function */
                /* patch symbol size */
                ((Elf32_Sym *)symtab_section->data)[sym->c].st_size = 
                    ind - func_ind;
                if (do_debug) {
                    put_stabn(N_FUN, 0, 0, ind - func_ind);
                }
                funcname = ""; /* for safety */
                func_vt.t = VT_VOID; /* for safety */
                ind = 0; /* for safety */

#ifdef CONFIG_REG_VARS
                tok_str_free(func_str.str);
                restore_parse_state(&saved_parse_state);
#endif
                break;
            } else {
                if (btype.t & VT_TYPEDEF) {
                    /* save typedefed type  */
                    /* XXX: test storage specifiers ? */
                    sym = sym_push(v, &type, 0, 0);
                    sym->type.t |= VT_TYPEDEF;
                } else if ((type.t & VT_BTYPE) == VT_FUNC) {
                    /* external function definition */
                    external_sym(v, &type, 0);
                } else {
                    /* not lvalue if array */
                    r = 0;
                    if (!(type.t & VT_ARRAY))
                        r |= lvalue_type(type.t);
                    if (btype.t & VT_EXTERN) {
                        /* external variable */
                        external_sym(v, &type, r);
                    } else {
                        if (type.t & VT_STATIC)
                            r |= VT_CONST;
                        else
                            r |= l;
                        has_init = (tok == '=');
                        if (has_init)
                            next();
                        decl_initializer_alloc(&type, &ad, r, 
                                               has_init, v, l);
                    }
                }
                if (tok != ',') {
                    skip(';');
                    break;
                }
                next();
            }
        }
    }
}

/* compile the C file opened in 'file'. Return non zero if errors. */
static int tcc_compile(TCCState *s1)
{
    Sym *define_start;
    char buf[512];
    volatile int section_sym;

#ifdef INC_DEBUG
    printf("%s: **** new file\n", file->filename);
#endif
    funcname = "";
    s1->include_stack_ptr = s1->include_stack;
    /* XXX: move that before to avoid having to initialize
       file->ifdef_stack_ptr ? */
    s1->ifdef_stack_ptr = s1->ifdef_stack;
    file->ifdef_stack_ptr = s1->ifdef_stack_ptr;

    /* XXX: not ANSI compliant: bound checking says error */
    vtop = vstack - 1;
    anon_sym = SYM_FIRST_ANOM; 

    /* file info: full path + filename */
    section_sym = 0; /* avoid warning */
    if (do_debug) {
        section_sym = put_elf_sym(symtab_section, 0, 0, 
                                  ELF32_ST_INFO(STB_LOCAL, STT_SECTION), 0, 
                                  text_section->sh_num, NULL);
        getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf));
        pstrcat(buf, sizeof(buf), "/");
        put_stabs_r(buf, N_SO, 0, 0, 
                    text_section->data_offset, text_section, section_sym);
        put_stabs_r(file->filename, N_SO, 0, 0, 
                    text_section->data_offset, text_section, section_sym);
    }
    /* an elf symbol of type STT_FILE must be put so that STB_LOCAL
       symbols can be safely used */
    put_elf_sym(symtab_section, 0, 0, 
                ELF32_ST_INFO(STB_LOCAL, STT_FILE), 0, 
                SHN_ABS, file->filename);

    /* define some often used types */
    int_type.t = VT_INT;

    char_pointer_type.t = VT_BYTE;
    mk_pointer(&char_pointer_type);

    func_old_type.t = VT_FUNC;
    func_old_type.ref = sym_push(SYM_FIELD, &int_type, FUNC_CDECL, FUNC_OLD);

#if 0
    /* define 'void *alloca(unsigned int)' builtin function */
    {
        Sym *s1;

        p = anon_sym++;
        sym = sym_push(p, mk_pointer(VT_VOID), FUNC_CDECL, FUNC_NEW);
        s1 = sym_push(SYM_FIELD, VT_UNSIGNED | VT_INT, 0, 0);
        s1->next = NULL;
        sym->next = s1;
        sym_push(TOK_alloca, VT_FUNC | (p << VT_STRUCT_SHIFT), VT_CONST, 0);
    }
#endif

    define_start = define_stack;

    if (setjmp(s1->error_jmp_buf) == 0) {
        s1->nb_errors = 0;
        s1->error_set_jmp_enabled = 1;

        ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
        tok_flags = TOK_FLAG_BOL | TOK_FLAG_BOF;
        next();
        decl(VT_CONST);
        if (tok != -1)
            expect("declaration");

        /* end of translation unit info */
        if (do_debug) {
            put_stabs_r(NULL, N_SO, 0, 0, 
                        text_section->data_offset, text_section, section_sym);
        }
    }
    s1->error_set_jmp_enabled = 0;

    /* reset define stack, but leave -Dsymbols (may be incorrect if
       they are undefined) */
    free_defines(define_start); 
    
    sym_pop(&global_stack, NULL);
    
    return s1->nb_errors != 0 ? -1 : 0;
}

#ifdef LIBTCC
int tcc_compile_string(TCCState *s, const char *str)
{
    BufferedFile bf1, *bf = &bf1;
    int ret, len;
    char *buf;

    /* init file structure */
    bf->fd = -1;
    /* XXX: avoid copying */
    len = strlen(str);
    buf = tcc_malloc(len + 1);
    if (!buf)
        return -1;
    buf[len] = CH_EOB;
    bf->buf_ptr = buf;
    bf->buf_end = buf + len;
    pstrcpy(bf->filename, sizeof(bf->filename), "<string>");
    bf->line_num = 1;
    file = bf;
    
    ret = tcc_compile(s);
    
    tcc_free(buf);

    /* currently, no need to close */
    return ret;
}
#endif

/* define a preprocessor symbol. A value can also be provided with the '=' operator */
void tcc_define_symbol(TCCState *s1, const char *sym, const char *value)
{
    BufferedFile bf1, *bf = &bf1;

    pstrcpy(bf->buffer, IO_BUF_SIZE, sym);
    pstrcat(bf->buffer, IO_BUF_SIZE, " ");
    /* default value */
    if (!value) 
        value = "1";
    pstrcat(bf->buffer, IO_BUF_SIZE, value);
    
    /* init file structure */
    bf->fd = -1;
    bf->buf_ptr = bf->buffer;
    bf->buf_end = bf->buffer + strlen(bf->buffer);
    *bf->buf_end = CH_EOB;
    bf->filename[0] = '\0';
    bf->line_num = 1;
    file = bf;
    
    s1->include_stack_ptr = s1->include_stack;

    /* parse with define parser */
    ch = file->buf_ptr[0];
    next_nomacro();
    parse_define();
    file = NULL;
}

/* undefine a preprocessor symbol */
void tcc_undefine_symbol(TCCState *s1, const char *sym)
{
    TokenSym *ts;
    Sym *s;
    ts = tok_alloc(sym, strlen(sym));
    s = define_find(ts->tok);
    /* undefine symbol by putting an invalid name */
    if (s)
        define_undef(s);
}

#include "tccelf.c"

/* print the position in the source file of PC value 'pc' by reading
   the stabs debug information */
static void rt_printline(unsigned long wanted_pc)
{
    Stab_Sym *sym, *sym_end;
    char func_name[128], last_func_name[128];
    unsigned long func_addr, last_pc, pc;
    const char *incl_files[INCLUDE_STACK_SIZE];
    int incl_index, len, last_line_num, i;
    const char *str, *p;

    fprintf(stderr, "0x%08lx:", wanted_pc);

    func_name[0] = '\0';
    func_addr = 0;
    incl_index = 0;
    last_func_name[0] = '\0';
    last_pc = 0xffffffff;
    last_line_num = 1;
    sym = (Stab_Sym *)stab_section->data + 1;
    sym_end = (Stab_Sym *)(stab_section->data + stab_section->data_offset);
    while (sym < sym_end) {
        switch(sym->n_type) {
            /* function start or end */
        case N_FUN:
            if (sym->n_strx == 0) {
                /* we test if between last line and end of function */
                pc = sym->n_value + func_addr;
                if (wanted_pc >= last_pc && wanted_pc < pc)
                    goto found;
                func_name[0] = '\0';
                func_addr = 0;
            } else {
                str = stabstr_section->data + sym->n_strx;
                p = strchr(str, ':');
                if (!p) {
                    pstrcpy(func_name, sizeof(func_name), str);
                } else {
                    len = p - str;
                    if (len > sizeof(func_name) - 1)
                        len = sizeof(func_name) - 1;
                    memcpy(func_name, str, len);
                    func_name[len] = '\0';
                }
                func_addr = sym->n_value;
            }
            break;
            /* line number info */
        case N_SLINE:
            pc = sym->n_value + func_addr;
            if (wanted_pc >= last_pc && wanted_pc < pc)
                goto found;
            last_pc = pc;
            last_line_num = sym->n_desc;
            /* XXX: slow! */
            strcpy(last_func_name, func_name);
            break;
            /* include files */
        case N_BINCL:
            str = stabstr_section->data + sym->n_strx;
        add_incl:
            if (incl_index < INCLUDE_STACK_SIZE) {
                incl_files[incl_index++] = str;
            }
            break;
        case N_EINCL:
            if (incl_index > 1)
                incl_index--;
            break;
        case N_SO:
            if (sym->n_strx == 0) {
                incl_index = 0; /* end of translation unit */
            } else {
                str = stabstr_section->data + sym->n_strx;
                /* do not add path */
                len = strlen(str);
                if (len > 0 && str[len - 1] != '/')
                    goto add_incl;
            }
            break;
        }
        sym++;
    }

    /* second pass: we try symtab symbols (no line number info) */
    incl_index = 0;
    {
        Elf32_Sym *sym, *sym_end;
        int type;

        sym_end = (Elf32_Sym *)(symtab_section->data + symtab_section->data_offset);
        for(sym = (Elf32_Sym *)symtab_section->data + 1; 
            sym < sym_end;
            sym++) {
            type = ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info);
            if (type == STT_FUNC) {
                if (wanted_pc >= sym->st_value &&
                    wanted_pc < sym->st_value + sym->st_size) {
                    pstrcpy(last_func_name, sizeof(last_func_name),
                            strtab_section->data + sym->st_name);
                    goto found;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    /* did not find any info: */
    fprintf(stderr, " ???\n");
    return;
 found:
    if (last_func_name[0] != '\0') {
        fprintf(stderr, " %s()", last_func_name);
    }
    if (incl_index > 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, " (%s:%d", 
                incl_files[incl_index - 1], last_line_num);
        for(i = incl_index - 2; i >= 0; i--)
            fprintf(stderr, ", included from %s", incl_files[i]);
        fprintf(stderr, ")");
    }
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}

#ifndef WIN32

#ifdef __i386__

#ifndef EIP
#define EIP 14
#define EBP 6
#endif

/* return the PC at frame level 'level'. Return non zero if not found */
static int rt_get_caller_pc(unsigned long *paddr, 
                            struct ucontext *uc, int level)
{
    unsigned long fp;
    int i;

    if (level == 0) {
        *paddr = uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[EIP];
        return 0;
    } else {
        fp = uc->uc_mcontext.gregs[EBP];
        for(i=1;i<level;i++) {
            /* XXX: check address validity with program info */
            if (fp <= 0x1000 || fp >= 0xc0000000)
                return -1;
            fp = ((unsigned long *)fp)[0];
        }
        *paddr = ((unsigned long *)fp)[1];
        return 0;
    }
}
#else
#error add arch specific rt_get_caller_pc()
#endif

/* emit a run time error at position 'pc' */
void rt_error(struct ucontext *uc, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    unsigned long pc;
    int i;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    fprintf(stderr, "Runtime error: ");
    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
    for(i=0;i<num_callers;i++) {
        if (rt_get_caller_pc(&pc, uc, i) < 0)
            break;
        if (i == 0)
            fprintf(stderr, "at ");
        else
            fprintf(stderr, "by ");
        rt_printline(pc);
    }
    exit(255);
    va_end(ap);
}

/* signal handler for fatal errors */
static void sig_error(int signum, siginfo_t *siginf, void *puc)
{
    struct ucontext *uc = puc;

    switch(signum) {
    case SIGFPE:
        switch(siginf->si_code) {
        case FPE_INTDIV:
        case FPE_FLTDIV:
            rt_error(uc, "division by zero");
            break;
        default:
            rt_error(uc, "floating point exception");
            break;
        }
        break;
    case SIGBUS:
    case SIGSEGV:
        if (rt_bound_error_msg && *rt_bound_error_msg)
            rt_error(uc, *rt_bound_error_msg);
        else
            rt_error(uc, "dereferencing invalid pointer");
        break;
    case SIGILL:
        rt_error(uc, "illegal instruction");
        break;
    case SIGABRT:
        rt_error(uc, "abort() called");
        break;
    default:
        rt_error(uc, "caught signal %d", signum);
        break;
    }
    exit(255);
}
#endif

/* do all relocations (needed before using tcc_get_symbol()) */
int tcc_relocate(TCCState *s1)
{
    Section *s;
    int i;

    s1->nb_errors = 0;
    
    tcc_add_runtime(s1);

    relocate_common_syms();

    /* compute relocation address : section are relocated in place. We
       also alloc the bss space */
    for(i = 1; i < s1->nb_sections; i++) {
        s = s1->sections[i];
        if (s->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) {
            if (s->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS)
                s->data = tcc_mallocz(s->data_offset);
            s->sh_addr = (unsigned long)s->data;
        }
    }

    relocate_syms(s1, 1);

    if (s1->nb_errors != 0)
        return -1;

    /* relocate each section */
    for(i = 1; i < s1->nb_sections; i++) {
        s = s1->sections[i];
        if (s->reloc)
            relocate_section(s1, s);
    }
    return 0;
}

/* launch the compiled program with the given arguments */
int tcc_run(TCCState *s1, int argc, char **argv)
{
    int (*prog_main)(int, char **);

    if (tcc_relocate(s1) < 0)
        return -1;

    prog_main = tcc_get_symbol(s1, "main");
    
    if (do_debug) {
#ifdef WIN32
        error("debug mode currently not available for Windows");
#else        
        struct sigaction sigact;
        /* install TCC signal handlers to print debug info on fatal
           runtime errors */
        sigact.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_ONESHOT;
        sigact.sa_sigaction = sig_error;
        sigemptyset(&sigact.sa_mask);
        sigaction(SIGFPE, &sigact, NULL);
        sigaction(SIGILL, &sigact, NULL);
        sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sigact, NULL);
        sigaction(SIGBUS, &sigact, NULL);
        sigaction(SIGABRT, &sigact, NULL);
#endif
    }

#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
    if (do_bounds_check) {
        void (*bound_init)(void);

        /* set error function */
        rt_bound_error_msg = (void *)tcc_get_symbol(s1, "__bound_error_msg");

        /* XXX: use .init section so that it also work in binary ? */
        bound_init = (void *)tcc_get_symbol(s1, "__bound_init");
        bound_init();
    }
#endif
    return (*prog_main)(argc, argv);
}

TCCState *tcc_new(void)
{
    const char *p, *r;
    TCCState *s;

    s = tcc_mallocz(sizeof(TCCState));
    if (!s)
        return NULL;
    tcc_state = s;
    s->output_type = TCC_OUTPUT_MEMORY;

    /* default include paths */
    tcc_add_sysinclude_path(s, "/usr/local/include");
    tcc_add_sysinclude_path(s, "/usr/include");
    tcc_add_sysinclude_path(s, CONFIG_TCC_PREFIX "/lib/tcc/include");

    /* add all tokens */
    table_ident = NULL;
    memset(hash_ident, 0, TOK_HASH_SIZE * sizeof(TokenSym *));
    
    tok_ident = TOK_IDENT;
    p = tcc_keywords;
    while (*p) {
        r = p;
        while (*r++);
        tok_alloc(p, r - p - 1);
        p = r;
    }

    /* we add dummy defines for some special macros to speed up tests
       and to have working defined() */
    define_push(TOK___LINE__, MACRO_OBJ, NULL, NULL);
    define_push(TOK___FILE__, MACRO_OBJ, NULL, NULL);
    define_push(TOK___DATE__, MACRO_OBJ, NULL, NULL);
    define_push(TOK___TIME__, MACRO_OBJ, NULL, NULL);

    /* standard defines */
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "__STDC__", NULL);
#if defined(TCC_TARGET_I386)
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "__i386__", NULL);
#endif
#if defined(linux)
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "linux", NULL);
#endif
    /* tiny C specific defines */
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "__TINYC__", NULL);

    /* tiny C & gcc defines */
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "__SIZE_TYPE__", "unsigned int");
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "__PTRDIFF_TYPE__", "int");
    tcc_define_symbol(s, "__WCHAR_TYPE__", "int");
    
    /* default library paths */
    tcc_add_library_path(s, "/usr/local/lib");
    tcc_add_library_path(s, "/usr/lib");
    tcc_add_library_path(s, "/lib");

    /* no section zero */
    dynarray_add((void ***)&s->sections, &s->nb_sections, NULL);

    /* create standard sections */
    text_section = new_section(s, ".text", SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC | SHF_EXECINSTR);
    data_section = new_section(s, ".data", SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC | SHF_WRITE);
    bss_section = new_section(s, ".bss", SHT_NOBITS, SHF_ALLOC | SHF_WRITE);

    /* symbols are always generated for linking stage */
    symtab_section = new_symtab(s, ".symtab", SHT_SYMTAB, 0,
                                ".strtab",
                                ".hashtab", SHF_PRIVATE); 
    strtab_section = symtab_section->link;
    
    /* private symbol table for dynamic symbols */
    s->dynsymtab_section = new_symtab(s, ".dynsymtab", SHT_SYMTAB, SHF_PRIVATE,
                                      ".dynstrtab", 
                                      ".dynhashtab", SHF_PRIVATE);
    return s;
}

void tcc_delete(TCCState *s1)
{
    int i, n;

    /* free -D defines */
    free_defines(NULL);

    /* free tokens */
    n = tok_ident - TOK_IDENT;
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
        tcc_free(table_ident[i]);
    tcc_free(table_ident);

    /* free all sections */

    free_section(symtab_section->hash);

    free_section(s1->dynsymtab_section->hash);
    free_section(s1->dynsymtab_section->link);
    free_section(s1->dynsymtab_section);

    for(i = 1; i < s1->nb_sections; i++)
        free_section(s1->sections[i]);
    tcc_free(s1->sections);
    
    /* free loaded dlls array */
    for(i = 0; i < s1->nb_loaded_dlls; i++)
        tcc_free(s1->loaded_dlls[i]);
    tcc_free(s1->loaded_dlls);

    /* library paths */
    for(i = 0; i < s1->nb_library_paths; i++)
        tcc_free(s1->library_paths[i]);
    tcc_free(s1->library_paths);

    /* cached includes */
    for(i = 0; i < s1->nb_cached_includes; i++)
        tcc_free(s1->cached_includes[i]);
    tcc_free(s1->cached_includes);

    for(i = 0; i < s1->nb_include_paths; i++)
        tcc_free(s1->include_paths[i]);
    tcc_free(s1->include_paths);

    for(i = 0; i < s1->nb_sysinclude_paths; i++)
        tcc_free(s1->sysinclude_paths[i]);
    tcc_free(s1->sysinclude_paths);

    tcc_free(s1);
}

int tcc_add_include_path(TCCState *s1, const char *pathname)
{
    char *pathname1;
    
    pathname1 = tcc_strdup(pathname);
    dynarray_add((void ***)&s1->include_paths, &s1->nb_include_paths, pathname1);
    return 0;
}

int tcc_add_sysinclude_path(TCCState *s1, const char *pathname)
{
    char *pathname1;
    
    pathname1 = tcc_strdup(pathname);
    dynarray_add((void ***)&s1->sysinclude_paths, &s1->nb_sysinclude_paths, pathname1);
    return 0;
}

static int tcc_add_file_internal(TCCState *s1, const char *filename, int flags)
{
    const char *ext;
    Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
    int fd, ret;
    BufferedFile *saved_file;
    
    /* find source file type with extension */
    ext = strrchr(filename, '.');
    if (ext)
        ext++;

    /* open the file */
    saved_file = file;
    file = tcc_open(s1, filename);
    if (!file) {
        if (flags & AFF_PRINT_ERROR) {
            error_noabort("file '%s' not found", filename);
        }
        ret = -1;
        goto fail1;
    }

    if (!ext || !strcmp(ext, "c")) {
        /* C file assumed */
        ret = tcc_compile(s1);
    } else {
        fd = file->fd;
        /* assume executable format: auto guess file type */
        if (read(fd, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr)) != sizeof(ehdr)) {
            error_noabort("could not read header");
            goto fail;
        }
        lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
        
        if (ehdr.e_ident[0] == ELFMAG0 &&
            ehdr.e_ident[1] == ELFMAG1 &&
            ehdr.e_ident[2] == ELFMAG2 &&
            ehdr.e_ident[3] == ELFMAG3) {
            file->line_num = 0; /* do not display line number if error */
            if (ehdr.e_type == ET_REL) {
                ret = tcc_load_object_file(s1, fd, 0);
            } else if (ehdr.e_type == ET_DYN) {
                ret = tcc_load_dll(s1, fd, filename, 
                                   (flags & AFF_REFERENCED_DLL) != 0);
            } else {
                error_noabort("unrecognized ELF file");
                goto fail;
            }
        } else if (memcmp((char *)&ehdr, ARMAG, 8) == 0) {
            file->line_num = 0; /* do not display line number if error */
            ret = tcc_load_archive(s1, fd);
        } else {
            /* as GNU ld, consider it is an ld script if not recognized */
            ret = tcc_load_ldscript(s1);
            if (ret < 0) {
                error_noabort("unrecognized file type");
                goto fail;
            }
        }
    }
 the_end:
    tcc_close(file);
 fail1:
    file = saved_file;
    return ret;
 fail:
    ret = -1;
    goto the_end;
}

int tcc_add_file(TCCState *s, const char *filename)
{
    return tcc_add_file_internal(s, filename, AFF_PRINT_ERROR);
}

int tcc_add_library_path(TCCState *s, const char *pathname)
{
    char *pathname1;
    
    pathname1 = tcc_strdup(pathname);
    dynarray_add((void ***)&s->library_paths, &s->nb_library_paths, pathname1);
    return 0;
}

/* find and load a dll. Return non zero if not found */
/* XXX: add '-rpath' option support ? */
static int tcc_add_dll(TCCState *s, const char *filename, int flags)
{
    char buf[1024];
    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < s->nb_library_paths; i++) {
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", 
                 s->library_paths[i], filename);
        if (tcc_add_file_internal(s, buf, flags) == 0)
            return 0;
    }
    return -1;
}

/* the library name is the same as the argument of the '-l' option */
int tcc_add_library(TCCState *s, const char *libraryname)
{
    char buf[1024];
    int i;
    void *h;
    
    /* first we look for the dynamic library if not static linking */
    if (!s->static_link) {
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "lib%s.so", libraryname);
        /* if we output to memory, then we simply we dlopen(). */
        if (s->output_type == TCC_OUTPUT_MEMORY) {
            /* Since the libc is already loaded, we don't need to load it again */
            if (!strcmp(libraryname, "c"))
                return 0;
            h = dlopen(buf, RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_LAZY);
            if (h)
                return 0;
        } else {
            if (tcc_add_dll(s, buf, 0) == 0)
                return 0;
        }
    }

    /* then we look for the static library */
    for(i = 0; i < s->nb_library_paths; i++) {
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/lib%s.a", 
                 s->library_paths[i], libraryname);
        if (tcc_add_file_internal(s, buf, 0) == 0)
            return 0;
    }
    return -1;
}

int tcc_add_symbol(TCCState *s, const char *name, unsigned long val)
{
    add_elf_sym(symtab_section, val, 0, 
                ELF32_ST_INFO(STB_GLOBAL, STT_NOTYPE),
                SHN_ABS, name);
    return 0;
}

int tcc_set_output_type(TCCState *s, int output_type)
{
    s->output_type = output_type;

    /* if bound checking, then add corresponding sections */
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
    if (do_bounds_check) {
        /* define symbol */
        tcc_define_symbol(s, "__BOUNDS_CHECKING_ON", NULL);
        /* create bounds sections */
        bounds_section = new_section(s, ".bounds", 
                                     SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC);
        lbounds_section = new_section(s, ".lbounds", 
                                      SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC);
    }
#endif

    /* add debug sections */
    if (do_debug) {
        /* stab symbols */
        stab_section = new_section(s, ".stab", SHT_PROGBITS, 0);
        stab_section->sh_entsize = sizeof(Stab_Sym);
        stabstr_section = new_section(s, ".stabstr", SHT_STRTAB, 0);
        put_elf_str(stabstr_section, "");
        stab_section->link = stabstr_section;
        /* put first entry */
        put_stabs("", 0, 0, 0, 0);
    }

    /* add libc crt1/crti objects */
    if (output_type == TCC_OUTPUT_EXE || 
        output_type == TCC_OUTPUT_DLL) {
        if (output_type != TCC_OUTPUT_DLL)
            tcc_add_file(s, CONFIG_TCC_CRT_PREFIX "/crt1.o");
        tcc_add_file(s, CONFIG_TCC_CRT_PREFIX "/crti.o");
    }
    return 0;
}

#if !defined(LIBTCC)

static int64_t getclock_us(void)
{
#ifdef WIN32
    struct _timeb tb;
    _ftime(&tb);
    return (tb.time * 1000LL + tb.millitm) * 1000LL;
#else
    struct timeval tv;
    gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
    return tv.tv_sec * 1000000LL + tv.tv_usec;
#endif
}

void help(void)
{
    printf("tcc version 0.9.13 - Tiny C Compiler - Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Fabrice Bellard\n" 
           "usage: tcc [-c] [-o outfile] [-Bdir] [-bench] [-Idir] [-Dsym[=val]] [-Usym]\n"
           "           [-g] [-b] [-bt N] [-Ldir] [-llib] [-shared] [-static]\n"
           "           [--] infile1 [infile2... --] [infile_args...]\n"
           "\n"
           "General options:\n"
           "  -c          compile only - generate an object file\n"
           "  -o outfile  set output filename\n"
           "  --          allows multiples input files if no -o option given. Also\n" 
           "              separate input files from runtime arguments\n"
           "  -Bdir       set tcc internal library path\n"
           "  -bench      output compilation statistics\n"
           "Preprocessor options:\n"
           "  -Idir       add include path 'dir'\n"
           "  -Dsym[=val] define 'sym' with value 'val'\n"
           "  -Usym       undefine 'sym'\n"
           "Linker options:\n"
           "  -Ldir       add library path 'dir'\n"
           "  -llib       link with dynamic or static library 'lib'\n"
           "  -shared     generate a shared library\n"
           "  -static     static linking\n"
           "  -r          relocatable output\n"
           "Debugger options:\n"
           "  -g          generate runtime debug info\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
           "  -b          compile with built-in memory and bounds checker (implies -g)\n"
#endif
           "  -bt N       show N callers in stack traces\n"
           );
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    char *r, *outfile;
    int optind, output_type, multiple_files, i, reloc_output;
    TCCState *s;
    char **files;
    int nb_files, nb_libraries, nb_objfiles, dminus, ret;
    char objfilename[1024];
    int64_t start_time = 0;
    
    s = tcc_new();
    output_type = TCC_OUTPUT_MEMORY;

    optind = 1;
    outfile = NULL;
    multiple_files = 0;
    dminus = 0;
    files = NULL;
    nb_files = 0;
    nb_libraries = 0;
    reloc_output = 0;
    while (1) {
        if (optind >= argc) {
            if (nb_files == 0)
                goto show_help;
            else
                break;
        }
        r = argv[optind++];
        if (r[0] != '-') {
            /* add a new file */
            dynarray_add((void ***)&files, &nb_files, r);
            if (!multiple_files) {
                optind--;
                /* argv[0] will be this file */
                break;
            }
        } else if (r[1] == '-') {
            /* '--' enables multiple files input and also ends several file input */
            if (dminus && multiple_files) {
                optind--; /* argv[0] will be '--' */
                break;
            }
            dminus = 1;
            multiple_files = 1;
        } else if (r[1] == 'h' || r[1] == '?') {
        show_help:
            help();
            return 1;
        } else if (r[1] == 'I') {
            if (tcc_add_include_path(s, r + 2) < 0)
                error("too many include paths");
        } else if (r[1] == 'D') {
            char *sym, *value;
            sym = r + 2;
            value = strchr(sym, '=');
            if (value) {
                *value = '\0';
                value++;
            }
            tcc_define_symbol(s, sym, value);
        } else if (r[1] == 'U') {
            tcc_undefine_symbol(s, r + 2);
        } else if (r[1] == 'L') {
            tcc_add_library_path(s, r + 2);
        } else if (r[1] == 'B') {
            /* set tcc utilities path (mainly for tcc development) */
            tcc_lib_path = r + 2;
        } else if (r[1] == 'l') {
            dynarray_add((void ***)&files, &nb_files, r);
            nb_libraries++;
        } else if (!strcmp(r + 1, "bench")) {
            do_bench = 1;
        } else if (!strcmp(r + 1, "bt")) {
            num_callers = atoi(argv[optind++]);
        } else
#ifdef CONFIG_TCC_BCHECK
        if (r[1] == 'b') {
            do_bounds_check = 1;
            do_debug = 1;
        } else 
#endif
        if (r[1] == 'g') {
            do_debug = 1;
        } else if (r[1] == 'c') {
            multiple_files = 1;
            output_type = TCC_OUTPUT_OBJ;
        } else if (!strcmp(r + 1, "static")) {
            s->static_link = 1;
        } else if (!strcmp(r + 1, "shared")) {
            output_type = TCC_OUTPUT_DLL;
        } else if (r[1] == 'o') {
            if (optind >= argc)
                goto show_help;
            multiple_files = 1;
            outfile = argv[optind++];
        } else if (r[1] == 'r') {
            /* generate a .o merging several output files */
            reloc_output = 1;
            output_type = TCC_OUTPUT_OBJ;
        } else if (r[1] == 'W' || r[1] == 'O' || r[1] == 'm' || r[1] == 'f') {
            /* ignore those options to be a drop-in replacement for gcc */
        } else {
            error("invalid option -- '%s'", r);
        }
    }

    nb_objfiles = nb_files - nb_libraries;

    /* if outfile provided without other options, we output an
       executable */
    if (outfile && output_type == TCC_OUTPUT_MEMORY)
        output_type = TCC_OUTPUT_EXE;

    /* check -c consistency : only single file handled. XXX: checks file type */
    if (output_type == TCC_OUTPUT_OBJ && !reloc_output) {
        /* accepts only a single input file */
        if (nb_objfiles != 1)
            error("cannot specify multiple files with -c");
        if (nb_libraries != 0)
            error("cannot specify libraries with -c");
    }
    
    /* compute default outfile name */
    if (output_type != TCC_OUTPUT_MEMORY && !outfile) {
        if (output_type == TCC_OUTPUT_OBJ && !reloc_output) {
            char *ext;
            /* add .o extension */
            pstrcpy(objfilename, sizeof(objfilename) - 1, files[0]);
            ext = strrchr(objfilename, '.');
            if (!ext)
                goto default_outfile;
            strcpy(ext + 1, "o");
        } else {
        default_outfile:
            pstrcpy(objfilename, sizeof(objfilename), "a.out");
        }
        outfile = objfilename;
    }

    if (do_bench) {
        start_time = getclock_us();
    }

    tcc_set_output_type(s, output_type);

    /* compile or add each files or library */
    for(i = 0;i < nb_files; i++) {
        const char *filename;

        filename = files[i];
        if (filename[0] == '-') {
            if (tcc_add_library(s, filename + 2) < 0)
                error("cannot find %s", filename);
        } else {
            if (tcc_add_file(s, filename) < 0) {
                ret = 1;
                goto the_end;
            }
        }
    }

    /* free all files */
    tcc_free(files);

    if (do_bench) {
        double total_time;
        total_time = (double)(getclock_us() - start_time) / 1000000.0;
        if (total_time < 0.001)
            total_time = 0.001;
        if (total_bytes < 1)
            total_bytes = 1;
        printf("%d idents, %d lines, %d bytes, %0.3f s, %d lines/s, %0.1f MB/s\n", 
               tok_ident - TOK_IDENT, total_lines, total_bytes,
               total_time, (int)(total_lines / total_time), 
               total_bytes / total_time / 1000000.0); 
    }

    if (s->output_type != TCC_OUTPUT_MEMORY) {
        tcc_output_file(s, outfile);
        ret = 0;
    } else {
        ret = tcc_run(s, argc - optind, argv + optind);
    }
 the_end:
    /* XXX: cannot do it with bound checking because of the malloc hooks */
    if (!do_bounds_check)
        tcc_delete(s);

#ifdef MEM_DEBUG
    if (do_bench) {
        printf("memory: %d bytes, max = %d bytes\n", mem_cur_size, mem_max_size);
    }
#endif
    return ret;
}

#endif