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qemu/hw/loader.c
Gerd Hoffmann 45a50b1668 Reorganize option rom (+linux kernel) loading. 
This patch adds infrastructure to maintain memory regions which must be
restored on reset.  That includes roms (vga bios and option roms on pc),
but is also used when loading linux kernels directly.  Features:

  - loading files is supported.
  - passing blobs is supported.
  - target address range is supported (for optionrom area).
  - fixed target memory address is supported (linux kernel).

New in v2:
  - writes to ROM are done only at initial boot.
  - also handle aout and uimage loaders.
  - drop unused fread_targphys() function.

The final memory layout is created once all memory regions are
registered.  The option roms get addresses assigned and the
registered regions are checked against overlaps.  Finally all data
is copyed to the guest memory.

Advantages:

  (1) Filling memory on initial boot and on reset takes the same
      code path, making reset more robust.
  (2) The need to keep track of the option rom load address is gone.
  (3) Due to (2) option roms can be loaded outside pc_init().  This
      allows to move the pxe rom loading into the nic drivers for
      example.

Additional bonus:  There is a 'info roms' monitor command now.

The patch also switches over pc.c and removes the
option_rom_setup_reset() and load_option_rom() functions.

Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
2009-10-06 14:36:08 -05:00

687 lines
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/*
* QEMU Executable loader
*
* Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*
* Gunzip functionality in this file is derived from u-boot:
*
* (C) Copyright 2008 Semihalf
*
* (C) Copyright 2000-2005
* Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
* published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
* the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "hw.h"
#include "disas.h"
#include "monitor.h"
#include "sysemu.h"
#include "uboot_image.h"
#include "loader.h"
#include <zlib.h>
/* return the size or -1 if error */
int get_image_size(const char *filename)
{
int fd, size;
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
if (fd < 0)
return -1;
size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
close(fd);
return size;
}
/* return the size or -1 if error */
/* deprecated, because caller does not specify buffer size! */
int load_image(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr)
{
int fd, size;
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
if (fd < 0)
return -1;
size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
if (read(fd, addr, size) != size) {
close(fd);
return -1;
}
close(fd);
return size;
}
/* read()-like version */
int read_targphys(const char *name,
int fd, target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes)
{
uint8_t *buf;
size_t did;
buf = qemu_malloc(nbytes);
did = read(fd, buf, nbytes);
if (did > 0)
rom_add_blob_fixed("read", buf, did, dst_addr);
qemu_free(buf);
return did;
}
/* return the size or -1 if error */
int load_image_targphys(const char *filename,
target_phys_addr_t addr, int max_sz)
{
int size;
size = get_image_size(filename);
if (size > 0)
rom_add_file_fixed(filename, addr);
return size;
}
void pstrcpy_targphys(target_phys_addr_t dest, int buf_size,
const char *source)
{
static const uint8_t nul_byte = 0;
const char *nulp;
if (buf_size <= 0) return;
nulp = memchr(source, 0, buf_size);
if (nulp) {
cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source,
(nulp - source) + 1);
} else {
cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source, buf_size - 1);
cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, &nul_byte, 1);
}
}
/* A.OUT loader */
struct exec
{
uint32_t a_info; /* Use macros N_MAGIC, etc for access */
uint32_t a_text; /* length of text, in bytes */
uint32_t a_data; /* length of data, in bytes */
uint32_t a_bss; /* length of uninitialized data area, in bytes */
uint32_t a_syms; /* length of symbol table data in file, in bytes */
uint32_t a_entry; /* start address */
uint32_t a_trsize; /* length of relocation info for text, in bytes */
uint32_t a_drsize; /* length of relocation info for data, in bytes */
};
static void bswap_ahdr(struct exec *e)
{
bswap32s(&e->a_info);
bswap32s(&e->a_text);
bswap32s(&e->a_data);
bswap32s(&e->a_bss);
bswap32s(&e->a_syms);
bswap32s(&e->a_entry);
bswap32s(&e->a_trsize);
bswap32s(&e->a_drsize);
}
#define N_MAGIC(exec) ((exec).a_info & 0xffff)
#define OMAGIC 0407
#define NMAGIC 0410
#define ZMAGIC 0413
#define QMAGIC 0314
#define _N_HDROFF(x) (1024 - sizeof (struct exec))
#define N_TXTOFF(x) \
(N_MAGIC(x) == ZMAGIC ? _N_HDROFF((x)) + sizeof (struct exec) : \
(N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? 0 : sizeof (struct exec)))
#define N_TXTADDR(x, target_page_size) (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? target_page_size : 0)
#define _N_SEGMENT_ROUND(x, target_page_size) (((x) + target_page_size - 1) & ~(target_page_size - 1))
#define _N_TXTENDADDR(x, target_page_size) (N_TXTADDR(x, target_page_size)+(x).a_text)
#define N_DATADDR(x, target_page_size) \
(N_MAGIC(x)==OMAGIC? (_N_TXTENDADDR(x, target_page_size)) \
: (_N_SEGMENT_ROUND (_N_TXTENDADDR(x, target_page_size), target_page_size)))
int load_aout(const char *filename, target_phys_addr_t addr, int max_sz,
int bswap_needed, target_phys_addr_t target_page_size)
{
int fd, size, ret;
struct exec e;
uint32_t magic;
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
if (fd < 0)
return -1;
size = read(fd, &e, sizeof(e));
if (size < 0)
goto fail;
if (bswap_needed) {
bswap_ahdr(&e);
}
magic = N_MAGIC(e);
switch (magic) {
case ZMAGIC:
case QMAGIC:
case OMAGIC:
if (e.a_text + e.a_data > max_sz)
goto fail;
lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
size = read_targphys(filename, fd, addr, e.a_text + e.a_data);
if (size < 0)
goto fail;
break;
case NMAGIC:
if (N_DATADDR(e, target_page_size) + e.a_data > max_sz)
goto fail;
lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
size = read_targphys(filename, fd, addr, e.a_text);
if (size < 0)
goto fail;
ret = read_targphys(filename, fd, addr + N_DATADDR(e, target_page_size),
e.a_data);
if (ret < 0)
goto fail;
size += ret;
break;
default:
goto fail;
}
close(fd);
return size;
fail:
close(fd);
return -1;
}
/* ELF loader */
static void *load_at(int fd, int offset, int size)
{
void *ptr;
if (lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
return NULL;
ptr = qemu_malloc(size);
if (read(fd, ptr, size) != size) {
qemu_free(ptr);
return NULL;
}
return ptr;
}
#ifdef ELF_CLASS
#undef ELF_CLASS
#endif
#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS32
#include "elf.h"
#define SZ 32
#define elf_word uint32_t
#define elf_sword int32_t
#define bswapSZs bswap32s
#include "elf_ops.h"
#undef elfhdr
#undef elf_phdr
#undef elf_shdr
#undef elf_sym
#undef elf_note
#undef elf_word
#undef elf_sword
#undef bswapSZs
#undef SZ
#define elfhdr elf64_hdr
#define elf_phdr elf64_phdr
#define elf_note elf64_note
#define elf_shdr elf64_shdr
#define elf_sym elf64_sym
#define elf_word uint64_t
#define elf_sword int64_t
#define bswapSZs bswap64s
#define SZ 64
#include "elf_ops.h"
/* return < 0 if error, otherwise the number of bytes loaded in memory */
int load_elf(const char *filename, int64_t address_offset,
uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr,
int big_endian, int elf_machine, int clear_lsb)
{
int fd, data_order, target_data_order, must_swab, ret;
uint8_t e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
if (fd < 0) {
perror(filename);
return -1;
}
if (read(fd, e_ident, sizeof(e_ident)) != sizeof(e_ident))
goto fail;
if (e_ident[0] != ELFMAG0 ||
e_ident[1] != ELFMAG1 ||
e_ident[2] != ELFMAG2 ||
e_ident[3] != ELFMAG3)
goto fail;
#ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
#else
data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
#endif
must_swab = data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA];
if (big_endian) {
target_data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
} else {
target_data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
}
if (target_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA])
return -1;
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
if (e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
ret = load_elf64(filename, fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
lowaddr, highaddr, elf_machine, clear_lsb);
} else {
ret = load_elf32(filename, fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
lowaddr, highaddr, elf_machine, clear_lsb);
}
close(fd);
return ret;
fail:
close(fd);
return -1;
}
static void bswap_uboot_header(uboot_image_header_t *hdr)
{
#ifndef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_magic);
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_hcrc);
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_time);
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_size);
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_load);
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_ep);
bswap32s(&hdr->ih_dcrc);
#endif
}
#define ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT 16
static void *zalloc(void *x, unsigned items, unsigned size)
{
void *p;
size *= items;
size = (size + ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1) & ~(ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1);
p = qemu_malloc(size);
return (p);
}
static void zfree(void *x, void *addr)
{
qemu_free(addr);
}
#define HEAD_CRC 2
#define EXTRA_FIELD 4
#define ORIG_NAME 8
#define COMMENT 0x10
#define RESERVED 0xe0
#define DEFLATED 8
/* This is the maximum in uboot, so if a uImage overflows this, it would
* overflow on real hardware too. */
#define UBOOT_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES 0x800000
static ssize_t gunzip(void *dst, size_t dstlen, uint8_t *src,
size_t srclen)
{
z_stream s;
ssize_t dstbytes;
int r, i, flags;
/* skip header */
i = 10;
flags = src[3];
if (src[2] != DEFLATED || (flags & RESERVED) != 0) {
puts ("Error: Bad gzipped data\n");
return -1;
}
if ((flags & EXTRA_FIELD) != 0)
i = 12 + src[10] + (src[11] << 8);
if ((flags & ORIG_NAME) != 0)
while (src[i++] != 0)
;
if ((flags & COMMENT) != 0)
while (src[i++] != 0)
;
if ((flags & HEAD_CRC) != 0)
i += 2;
if (i >= srclen) {
puts ("Error: gunzip out of data in header\n");
return -1;
}
s.zalloc = zalloc;
s.zfree = zfree;
r = inflateInit2(&s, -MAX_WBITS);
if (r != Z_OK) {
printf ("Error: inflateInit2() returned %d\n", r);
return (-1);
}
s.next_in = src + i;
s.avail_in = srclen - i;
s.next_out = dst;
s.avail_out = dstlen;
r = inflate(&s, Z_FINISH);
if (r != Z_OK && r != Z_STREAM_END) {
printf ("Error: inflate() returned %d\n", r);
return -1;
}
dstbytes = s.next_out - (unsigned char *) dst;
inflateEnd(&s);
return dstbytes;
}
/* Load a U-Boot image. */
int load_uimage(const char *filename, target_phys_addr_t *ep,
target_phys_addr_t *loadaddr, int *is_linux)
{
int fd;
int size;
uboot_image_header_t h;
uboot_image_header_t *hdr = &h;
uint8_t *data = NULL;
int ret = -1;
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
if (fd < 0)
return -1;
size = read(fd, hdr, sizeof(uboot_image_header_t));
if (size < 0)
goto out;
bswap_uboot_header(hdr);
if (hdr->ih_magic != IH_MAGIC)
goto out;
/* TODO: Implement other image types. */
if (hdr->ih_type != IH_TYPE_KERNEL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can only load u-boot image type \"kernel\"\n");
goto out;
}
switch (hdr->ih_comp) {
case IH_COMP_NONE:
case IH_COMP_GZIP:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,
"Unable to load u-boot images with compression type %d\n",
hdr->ih_comp);
goto out;
}
/* TODO: Check CPU type. */
if (is_linux) {
if (hdr->ih_os == IH_OS_LINUX)
*is_linux = 1;
else
*is_linux = 0;
}
*ep = hdr->ih_ep;
data = qemu_malloc(hdr->ih_size);
if (read(fd, data, hdr->ih_size) != hdr->ih_size) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error reading file\n");
goto out;
}
if (hdr->ih_comp == IH_COMP_GZIP) {
uint8_t *compressed_data;
size_t max_bytes;
ssize_t bytes;
compressed_data = data;
max_bytes = UBOOT_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES;
data = qemu_malloc(max_bytes);
bytes = gunzip(data, max_bytes, compressed_data, hdr->ih_size);
qemu_free(compressed_data);
if (bytes < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to decompress gzipped image!\n");
goto out;
}
hdr->ih_size = bytes;
}
rom_add_blob_fixed(filename, data, hdr->ih_size, hdr->ih_load);
if (loadaddr)
*loadaddr = hdr->ih_load;
ret = hdr->ih_size;
out:
if (data)
qemu_free(data);
close(fd);
return ret;
}
/*
* Functions for reboot-persistent memory regions.
* - used for vga bios and option roms.
* - also linux kernel (-kernel / -initrd).
*/
typedef struct Rom Rom;
struct Rom {
char *name;
char *path;
size_t romsize;
uint8_t *data;
int align;
int isrom;
target_phys_addr_t min;
target_phys_addr_t max;
target_phys_addr_t addr;
QTAILQ_ENTRY(Rom) next;
};
static QTAILQ_HEAD(, Rom) roms = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(roms);
static void rom_insert(Rom *rom)
{
Rom *item;
/* list is ordered by load address */
QTAILQ_FOREACH(item, &roms, next) {
if (rom->min >= item->min)
continue;
QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(item, rom, next);
return;
}
QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&roms, rom, next);
}
int rom_add_file(const char *file,
target_phys_addr_t min, target_phys_addr_t max, int align)
{
Rom *rom;
int rc, fd = -1;
rom = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*rom));
rom->name = qemu_strdup(file);
rom->path = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, rom->name);
if (rom->path == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not find option rom '%s'\n", rom->name);
goto err;
}
fd = open(rom->path, O_RDONLY);
if (fd == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open option rom '%s': %s\n",
rom->path, strerror(errno));
goto err;
}
rom->align = align;
rom->min = min;
rom->max = max;
rom->romsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
rom->data = qemu_mallocz(rom->romsize);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
rc = read(fd, rom->data, rom->romsize);
if (rc != rom->romsize) {
fprintf(stderr, "rom: file %-20s: read error: rc=%d (expected %zd)\n",
rom->name, rc, rom->romsize);
goto err;
}
close(fd);
rom_insert(rom);
return 0;
err:
if (fd != -1)
close(fd);
qemu_free(rom->data);
qemu_free(rom->path);
qemu_free(rom->name);
qemu_free(rom);
return -1;
}
int rom_add_blob(const char *name, const void *blob, size_t len,
target_phys_addr_t min, target_phys_addr_t max, int align)
{
Rom *rom;
rom = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*rom));
rom->name = qemu_strdup(name);
rom->align = align;
rom->min = min;
rom->max = max;
rom->romsize = len;
rom->data = qemu_mallocz(rom->romsize);
memcpy(rom->data, blob, len);
rom_insert(rom);
return 0;
}
static void rom_reset(void *unused)
{
Rom *rom;
QTAILQ_FOREACH(rom, &roms, next) {
if (rom->data == NULL)
continue;
cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(rom->addr, rom->data, rom->romsize);
if (rom->isrom) {
/* rom needs to be written only once */
qemu_free(rom->data);
rom->data = NULL;
}
}
}
int rom_load_all(void)
{
target_phys_addr_t addr = 0;
int memtype;
Rom *rom;
QTAILQ_FOREACH(rom, &roms, next) {
if (addr < rom->min)
addr = rom->min;
if (rom->max) {
/* load address range */
if (rom->align) {
addr += (rom->align-1);
addr &= ~(rom->align-1);
}
if (addr + rom->romsize > rom->max) {
fprintf(stderr, "rom: out of memory (rom %s, "
"addr 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
", size 0x%zx, max 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx ")\n",
rom->name, addr, rom->romsize, rom->max);
return -1;
}
} else {
/* fixed address requested */
if (addr != rom->min) {
fprintf(stderr, "rom: requested regions overlap "
"(rom %s. free=0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
", addr=0x" TARGET_FMT_plx ")\n",
rom->name, addr, rom->min);
return -1;
}
}
rom->addr = addr;
addr += rom->romsize;
memtype = cpu_get_physical_page_desc(rom->addr) & (3 << IO_MEM_SHIFT);
if (memtype == IO_MEM_ROM)
rom->isrom = 1;
}
qemu_register_reset(rom_reset, NULL);
rom_reset(NULL);
return 0;
}
void do_info_roms(Monitor *mon)
{
Rom *rom;
QTAILQ_FOREACH(rom, &roms, next) {
monitor_printf(mon, "addr=" TARGET_FMT_plx
" size=0x%06zx mem=%s name=\"%s\" \n",
rom->addr, rom->romsize,
rom->isrom ? "rom" : "ram",
rom->name);
}
}
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