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qemu/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
Cédric Le Goater 337270b2a5 ppc/ppc405: Fix boot from kernel 
The machine can already boot with kernel and initrd U-boot images if a
firmware is loaded first. Adapt and improve the load sequence to let
the machine boot directly from a Linux kernel ELF image and a usual
initrd image if a firmware image is not provided. For that, install a
custom CPU reset handler to setup the registers and to start the CPU
from the Linux kernel entry point.

Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Message-Id: <20211206103712.1866296-12-clg@kaod.org>
Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
2021-12-17 17:57:17 +01:00

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/*
* QEMU PowerPC 405 evaluation boards emulation
*
* Copyright (c) 2007 Jocelyn Mayer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qemu/units.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qemu-common.h"
#include "qemu/datadir.h"
#include "cpu.h"
#include "hw/ppc/ppc.h"
#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
#include "hw/sysbus.h"
#include "ppc405.h"
#include "hw/rtc/m48t59.h"
#include "hw/block/flash.h"
#include "sysemu/qtest.h"
#include "sysemu/reset.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "hw/boards.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "hw/loader.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#include "elf.h"
#define BIOS_FILENAME "ppc405_rom.bin"
#define BIOS_SIZE (2 * MiB)
#define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x01000000
#define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR 0x01800000
#define USE_FLASH_BIOS
/*****************************************************************************/
/* PPC405EP reference board (IBM) */
/* Standalone board with:
* - PowerPC 405EP CPU
* - SDRAM (0x00000000)
* - Flash (0xFFF80000)
* - SRAM (0xFFF00000)
* - NVRAM (0xF0000000)
* - FPGA (0xF0300000)
*/
typedef struct ref405ep_fpga_t ref405ep_fpga_t;
struct ref405ep_fpga_t {
uint8_t reg0;
uint8_t reg1;
};
static uint64_t ref405ep_fpga_readb(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
{
ref405ep_fpga_t *fpga;
uint32_t ret;
fpga = opaque;
switch (addr) {
case 0x0:
ret = fpga->reg0;
break;
case 0x1:
ret = fpga->reg1;
break;
default:
ret = 0;
break;
}
return ret;
}
static void ref405ep_fpga_writeb(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t value,
unsigned size)
{
ref405ep_fpga_t *fpga;
fpga = opaque;
switch (addr) {
case 0x0:
/* Read only */
break;
case 0x1:
fpga->reg1 = value;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
static const MemoryRegionOps ref405ep_fpga_ops = {
.read = ref405ep_fpga_readb,
.write = ref405ep_fpga_writeb,
.impl.min_access_size = 1,
.impl.max_access_size = 1,
.valid.min_access_size = 1,
.valid.max_access_size = 4,
.endianness = DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN,
};
static void ref405ep_fpga_reset (void *opaque)
{
ref405ep_fpga_t *fpga;
fpga = opaque;
fpga->reg0 = 0x00;
fpga->reg1 = 0x0F;
}
static void ref405ep_fpga_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, uint32_t base)
{
ref405ep_fpga_t *fpga;
MemoryRegion *fpga_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
fpga = g_malloc0(sizeof(ref405ep_fpga_t));
memory_region_init_io(fpga_memory, NULL, &ref405ep_fpga_ops, fpga,
"fpga", 0x00000100);
memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, fpga_memory);
qemu_register_reset(&ref405ep_fpga_reset, fpga);
}
/*
* CPU reset handler when booting directly from a loaded kernel
*/
static struct boot_info {
uint32_t entry;
uint32_t bdloc;
uint32_t initrd_base;
uint32_t initrd_size;
uint32_t cmdline_base;
uint32_t cmdline_size;
} boot_info;
static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
{
PowerPCCPU *cpu = opaque;
CPUPPCState *env = &cpu->env;
struct boot_info *bi = env->load_info;
cpu_reset(CPU(cpu));
/* stack: top of sram */
env->gpr[1] = PPC405EP_SRAM_BASE + PPC405EP_SRAM_SIZE - 8;
/* Tune our boot state */
env->gpr[3] = bi->bdloc;
env->gpr[4] = bi->initrd_base;
env->gpr[5] = bi->initrd_base + bi->initrd_size;
env->gpr[6] = bi->cmdline_base;
env->gpr[7] = bi->cmdline_size;
env->nip = bi->entry;
}
static void boot_from_kernel(MachineState *machine, PowerPCCPU *cpu)
{
CPUPPCState *env = &cpu->env;
hwaddr boot_entry;
hwaddr kernel_base;
int kernel_size;
hwaddr initrd_base;
int initrd_size;
ram_addr_t bdloc;
int len;
bdloc = ppc405_set_bootinfo(env, machine->ram_size);
boot_info.bdloc = bdloc;
kernel_size = load_elf(machine->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
&boot_entry, &kernel_base, NULL, NULL,
1, PPC_ELF_MACHINE, 0, 0);
if (kernel_size < 0) {
error_report("Could not load kernel '%s' : %s",
machine->kernel_filename, load_elf_strerror(kernel_size));
exit(1);
}
boot_info.entry = boot_entry;
/* load initrd */
if (machine->initrd_filename) {
initrd_base = INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
initrd_size = load_image_targphys(machine->initrd_filename, initrd_base,
machine->ram_size - initrd_base);
if (initrd_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load initial ram disk '%s'",
machine->initrd_filename);
exit(1);
}
boot_info.initrd_base = initrd_base;
boot_info.initrd_size = initrd_size;
}
if (machine->kernel_cmdline) {
len = strlen(machine->kernel_cmdline);
bdloc -= ((len + 255) & ~255);
cpu_physical_memory_write(bdloc, machine->kernel_cmdline, len + 1);
boot_info.cmdline_base = bdloc;
boot_info.cmdline_size = bdloc + len;
}
/* Install our custom reset handler to start from Linux */
qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);
env->load_info = &boot_info;
}
static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
{
MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
const char *kernel_filename = machine->kernel_filename;
PowerPCCPU *cpu;
DeviceState *dev;
SysBusDevice *s;
MemoryRegion *sram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
MemoryRegion *ram_memories = g_new(MemoryRegion, 2);
hwaddr ram_bases[2], ram_sizes[2];
MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
DeviceState *uicdev;
if (machine->ram_size != mc->default_ram_size) {
char *sz = size_to_str(mc->default_ram_size);
error_report("Invalid RAM size, should be %s", sz);
g_free(sz);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* XXX: fix this */
memory_region_init_alias(&ram_memories[0], NULL, "ef405ep.ram.alias",
machine->ram, 0, machine->ram_size);
ram_bases[0] = 0;
ram_sizes[0] = machine->ram_size;
memory_region_init(&ram_memories[1], NULL, "ef405ep.ram1", 0);
ram_bases[1] = 0x00000000;
ram_sizes[1] = 0x00000000;
cpu = ppc405ep_init(sysmem, ram_memories, ram_bases, ram_sizes,
33333333, &uicdev, kernel_filename == NULL ? 0 : 1);
/* allocate SRAM */
memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", PPC405EP_SRAM_SIZE,
&error_fatal);
memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, PPC405EP_SRAM_BASE, sram);
/* allocate and load BIOS */
if (machine->firmware) {
MemoryRegion *bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
g_autofree char *filename;
long bios_size;
memory_region_init_rom(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE,
&error_fatal);
filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, machine->firmware);
if (!filename) {
error_report("Could not find firmware '%s'", machine->firmware);
exit(1);
}
bios_size = load_image_size(filename,
memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios),
BIOS_SIZE);
if (bios_size < 0) {
error_report("Could not load PowerPC BIOS '%s'", machine->firmware);
exit(1);
}
bios_size = (bios_size + 0xfff) & ~0xfff;
memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, (uint32_t)(-bios_size), bios);
}
/* Register FPGA */
ref405ep_fpga_init(sysmem, PPC405EP_FPGA_BASE);
/* Register NVRAM */
dev = qdev_new("sysbus-m48t08");
qdev_prop_set_int32(dev, "base-year", 1968);
s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, PPC405EP_NVRAM_BASE);
/* Load kernel and initrd using U-Boot images */
if (kernel_filename && machine->firmware) {
target_ulong kernel_base, initrd_base;
long kernel_size, initrd_size;
kernel_base = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
kernel_size = load_image_targphys(kernel_filename, kernel_base,
machine->ram_size - kernel_base);
if (kernel_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename);
exit(1);
}
/* load initrd */
if (machine->initrd_filename) {
initrd_base = INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
initrd_size = load_image_targphys(machine->initrd_filename,
initrd_base,
machine->ram_size - initrd_base);
if (initrd_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load initial ram disk '%s'",
machine->initrd_filename);
exit(1);
}
}
/* Load ELF kernel and rootfs.cpio */
} else if (kernel_filename && !machine->firmware) {
boot_from_kernel(machine, cpu);
}
}
static void ref405ep_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
{
MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
mc->desc = "ref405ep";
mc->init = ref405ep_init;
mc->default_ram_size = 0x08000000;
mc->default_ram_id = "ef405ep.ram";
}
static const TypeInfo ref405ep_type = {
.name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("ref405ep"),
.parent = TYPE_MACHINE,
.class_init = ref405ep_class_init,
};
/*****************************************************************************/
/* AMCC Taihu evaluation board */
/* - PowerPC 405EP processor
* - SDRAM 128 MB at 0x00000000
* - Boot flash 2 MB at 0xFFE00000
* - Application flash 32 MB at 0xFC000000
* - 2 serial ports
* - 2 ethernet PHY
* - 1 USB 1.1 device 0x50000000
* - 1 LCD display 0x50100000
* - 1 CPLD 0x50100000
* - 1 I2C EEPROM
* - 1 I2C thermal sensor
* - a set of LEDs
* - bit-bang SPI port using GPIOs
* - 1 EBC interface connector 0 0x50200000
* - 1 cardbus controller + expansion slot.
* - 1 PCI expansion slot.
*/
typedef struct taihu_cpld_t taihu_cpld_t;
struct taihu_cpld_t {
uint8_t reg0;
uint8_t reg1;
};
static uint64_t taihu_cpld_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
{
taihu_cpld_t *cpld;
uint32_t ret;
cpld = opaque;
switch (addr) {
case 0x0:
ret = cpld->reg0;
break;
case 0x1:
ret = cpld->reg1;
break;
default:
ret = 0;
break;
}
return ret;
}
static void taihu_cpld_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
uint64_t value, unsigned size)
{
taihu_cpld_t *cpld;
cpld = opaque;
switch (addr) {
case 0x0:
/* Read only */
break;
case 0x1:
cpld->reg1 = value;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
static const MemoryRegionOps taihu_cpld_ops = {
.read = taihu_cpld_read,
.write = taihu_cpld_write,
.impl = {
.min_access_size = 1,
.max_access_size = 1,
},
.endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
};
static void taihu_cpld_reset (void *opaque)
{
taihu_cpld_t *cpld;
cpld = opaque;
cpld->reg0 = 0x01;
cpld->reg1 = 0x80;
}
static void taihu_cpld_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, uint32_t base)
{
taihu_cpld_t *cpld;
MemoryRegion *cpld_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
cpld = g_malloc0(sizeof(taihu_cpld_t));
memory_region_init_io(cpld_memory, NULL, &taihu_cpld_ops, cpld, "cpld", 0x100);
memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, cpld_memory);
qemu_register_reset(&taihu_cpld_reset, cpld);
}
static void taihu_405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
{
MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
const char *bios_name = machine->firmware ?: BIOS_FILENAME;
const char *kernel_filename = machine->kernel_filename;
const char *initrd_filename = machine->initrd_filename;
char *filename;
MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
MemoryRegion *bios;
MemoryRegion *ram_memories = g_new(MemoryRegion, 2);
hwaddr ram_bases[2], ram_sizes[2];
long bios_size;
target_ulong kernel_base, initrd_base;
long kernel_size, initrd_size;
int linux_boot;
int fl_idx;
DriveInfo *dinfo;
DeviceState *uicdev;
if (machine->ram_size != mc->default_ram_size) {
char *sz = size_to_str(mc->default_ram_size);
error_report("Invalid RAM size, should be %s", sz);
g_free(sz);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
ram_bases[0] = 0;
ram_sizes[0] = 0x04000000;
memory_region_init_alias(&ram_memories[0], NULL,
"taihu_405ep.ram-0", machine->ram, ram_bases[0],
ram_sizes[0]);
ram_bases[1] = 0x04000000;
ram_sizes[1] = 0x04000000;
memory_region_init_alias(&ram_memories[1], NULL,
"taihu_405ep.ram-1", machine->ram, ram_bases[1],
ram_sizes[1]);
ppc405ep_init(sysmem, ram_memories, ram_bases, ram_sizes,
33333333, &uicdev, kernel_filename == NULL ? 0 : 1);
/* allocate and load BIOS */
fl_idx = 0;
#if defined(USE_FLASH_BIOS)
dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, fl_idx);
if (dinfo) {
bios_size = 2 * MiB;
pflash_cfi02_register(0xFFE00000,
"taihu_405ep.bios", bios_size,
blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo),
64 * KiB, 1,
4, 0x0001, 0x22DA, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x555, 0x2AA,
1);
fl_idx++;
} else
#endif
{
bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
memory_region_init_rom(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE,
&error_fatal);
filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
if (filename) {
bios_size = load_image_size(filename,
memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios),
BIOS_SIZE);
g_free(filename);
if (bios_size < 0) {
error_report("Could not load PowerPC BIOS '%s'", bios_name);
exit(1);
}
bios_size = (bios_size + 0xfff) & ~0xfff;
memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, (uint32_t)(-bios_size), bios);
} else if (!qtest_enabled()) {
error_report("Could not load PowerPC BIOS '%s'", bios_name);
exit(1);
}
}
/* Register Linux flash */
dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, fl_idx);
if (dinfo) {
bios_size = 32 * MiB;
pflash_cfi02_register(0xfc000000, "taihu_405ep.flash", bios_size,
blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo),
64 * KiB, 1,
4, 0x0001, 0x22DA, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x555, 0x2AA,
1);
fl_idx++;
}
/* Register CLPD & LCD display */
taihu_cpld_init(sysmem, 0x50100000);
/* Load kernel */
linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
if (linux_boot) {
kernel_base = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
/* now we can load the kernel */
kernel_size = load_image_targphys(kernel_filename, kernel_base,
machine->ram_size - kernel_base);
if (kernel_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename);
exit(1);
}
/* load initrd */
if (initrd_filename) {
initrd_base = INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
initrd_size = load_image_targphys(initrd_filename, initrd_base,
machine->ram_size - initrd_base);
if (initrd_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load initial ram disk '%s'",
initrd_filename);
exit(1);
}
} else {
initrd_base = 0;
initrd_size = 0;
}
} else {
kernel_base = 0;
kernel_size = 0;
initrd_base = 0;
initrd_size = 0;
}
}
static void taihu_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
{
MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
mc->desc = "taihu";
mc->init = taihu_405ep_init;
mc->default_ram_size = 0x08000000;
mc->default_ram_id = "taihu_405ep.ram";
mc->deprecation_reason = "incomplete, use 'ref405ep' instead";
}
static const TypeInfo taihu_type = {
.name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("taihu"),
.parent = TYPE_MACHINE,
.class_init = taihu_class_init,
};
static void ppc405_machine_init(void)
{
type_register_static(&ref405ep_type);
type_register_static(&taihu_type);
}
type_init(ppc405_machine_init)
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