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qemu/tests/qemu-iotests/245
Alberto Garcia e60edf69e2 block: Make blockdev-reopen stable API 
This patch drops the 'x-' prefix from x-blockdev-reopen.

Signed-off-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Message-Id: <20210708114709.206487-7-kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
2021-07-09 13:19:11 +02:00

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# group: rw
#
# Test cases for the QMP 'blockdev-reopen' command
#
# Copyright (C) 2018-2019 Igalia, S.L.
# Author: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
import os
import re
import iotests
import copy
import json
from iotests import qemu_img, qemu_io
hd_path = [
os.path.join(iotests.test_dir, 'hd0.img'),
os.path.join(iotests.test_dir, 'hd1.img'),
os.path.join(iotests.test_dir, 'hd2.img')
]
def hd_opts(idx):
return {'driver': iotests.imgfmt,
'node-name': 'hd%d' % idx,
'file': {'driver': 'file',
'node-name': 'hd%d-file' % idx,
'filename': hd_path[idx] } }
class TestBlockdevReopen(iotests.QMPTestCase):
total_io_cmds = 0
def setUp(self):
qemu_img('create', '-f', iotests.imgfmt, hd_path[0], '3M')
qemu_img('create', '-f', iotests.imgfmt, '-b', hd_path[0],
'-F', iotests.imgfmt, hd_path[1])
qemu_img('create', '-f', iotests.imgfmt, hd_path[2], '3M')
qemu_io('-f', iotests.imgfmt, '-c', 'write -P 0xa0 0 1M', hd_path[0])
qemu_io('-f', iotests.imgfmt, '-c', 'write -P 0xa1 1M 1M', hd_path[1])
qemu_io('-f', iotests.imgfmt, '-c', 'write -P 0xa2 2M 1M', hd_path[2])
self.vm = iotests.VM()
self.vm.launch()
def tearDown(self):
self.vm.shutdown()
self.check_qemu_io_errors()
os.remove(hd_path[0])
os.remove(hd_path[1])
os.remove(hd_path[2])
# The output of qemu-io is not returned by vm.hmp_qemu_io() but
# it's stored in the log and can only be read when the VM has been
# shut down. This function runs qemu-io and keeps track of the
# number of times it's been called.
def run_qemu_io(self, img, cmd):
result = self.vm.hmp_qemu_io(img, cmd)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', '')
self.total_io_cmds += 1
# Once the VM is shut down we can parse the log and see if qemu-io
# ran without errors.
def check_qemu_io_errors(self):
self.assertFalse(self.vm.is_running())
found = 0
log = self.vm.get_log()
for line in log.split("\n"):
if line.startswith("Pattern verification failed"):
raise Exception("%s (command #%d)" % (line, found))
if re.match("(read|wrote) .*/.* bytes at offset", line):
found += 1
self.assertEqual(found, self.total_io_cmds,
"Expected output of %d qemu-io commands, found %d" %
(found, self.total_io_cmds))
# Run blockdev-reopen on a list of block devices
def reopenMultiple(self, opts, errmsg = None):
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-reopen', conv_keys=False, options=opts)
if errmsg:
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/class', 'GenericError')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/desc', errmsg)
else:
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Run blockdev-reopen on a single block device (specified by
# 'opts') but applying 'newopts' on top of it. The original 'opts'
# dict is unmodified
def reopen(self, opts, newopts = {}, errmsg = None):
opts = copy.deepcopy(opts)
# Apply the changes from 'newopts' on top of 'opts'
for key in newopts:
value = newopts[key]
# If key has the form "foo.bar" then we need to do
# opts["foo"]["bar"] = value, not opts["foo.bar"] = value
subdict = opts
while key.find('.') != -1:
[prefix, key] = key.split('.', 1)
subdict = opts[prefix]
subdict[key] = value
self.reopenMultiple([ opts ], errmsg)
# Run query-named-block-nodes and return the specified entry
def get_node(self, node_name):
result = self.vm.qmp('query-named-block-nodes')
for node in result['return']:
if node['node-name'] == node_name:
return node
return None
# Run 'query-named-block-nodes' and compare its output with the
# value passed by the user in 'graph'
def check_node_graph(self, graph):
result = self.vm.qmp('query-named-block-nodes')
self.assertEqual(json.dumps(graph, sort_keys=True),
json.dumps(result, sort_keys=True))
# This test opens one single disk image (without backing files)
# and tries to reopen it with illegal / incorrect parameters.
def test_incorrect_parameters_single_file(self):
# Open 'hd0' only (no backing files)
opts = hd_opts(0)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
original_graph = self.vm.qmp('query-named-block-nodes')
# We can reopen the image passing the same options
self.reopen(opts)
# We can also reopen passing a child reference in 'file'
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'hd0-file'})
# We cannot change any of these
self.reopen(opts, {'node-name': 'not-found'}, "Failed to find node with node-name='not-found'")
self.reopen(opts, {'node-name': ''}, "Failed to find node with node-name=''")
self.reopen(opts, {'node-name': None}, "Invalid parameter type for 'options[0].node-name', expected: string")
self.reopen(opts, {'driver': 'raw'}, "Cannot change the option 'driver'")
self.reopen(opts, {'driver': ''}, "Invalid parameter ''")
self.reopen(opts, {'driver': None}, "Invalid parameter type for 'options[0].driver', expected: string")
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'not-found'}, "Cannot find device='' nor node-name='not-found'")
self.reopen(opts, {'file': ''}, "Cannot find device='' nor node-name=''")
self.reopen(opts, {'file': None}, "Invalid parameter type for 'file', expected: BlockdevRef")
self.reopen(opts, {'file.node-name': 'newname'}, "Cannot change the option 'node-name'")
self.reopen(opts, {'file.driver': 'host_device'}, "Cannot change the option 'driver'")
self.reopen(opts, {'file.filename': hd_path[1]}, "Cannot change the option 'filename'")
self.reopen(opts, {'file.aio': 'native'}, "Cannot change the option 'aio'")
self.reopen(opts, {'file.locking': 'off'}, "Cannot change the option 'locking'")
self.reopen(opts, {'file.filename': None}, "Invalid parameter type for 'options[0].file.filename', expected: string")
# node-name is optional in BlockdevOptions, but blockdev-reopen needs it
del opts['node-name']
self.reopen(opts, {}, "node-name not specified")
# Check that nothing has changed
self.check_node_graph(original_graph)
# Remove the node
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# This test opens an image with a backing file and tries to reopen
# it with illegal / incorrect parameters.
def test_incorrect_parameters_backing_file(self):
# Open hd1 omitting the backing options (hd0 will be opened
# with the default options)
opts = hd_opts(1)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
original_graph = self.vm.qmp('query-named-block-nodes')
# We can't reopen the image passing the same options, 'backing' is mandatory
self.reopen(opts, {}, "backing is missing for 'hd1'")
# Everything works if we pass 'backing' using the existing node name
for node in original_graph['return']:
if node['drv'] == iotests.imgfmt and node['file'] == hd_path[0]:
backing_node_name = node['node-name']
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': backing_node_name})
# We can't use a non-existing or empty (non-NULL) node as the backing image
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': 'not-found'}, "Cannot find device=\'\' nor node-name=\'not-found\'")
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': ''}, "Cannot find device=\'\' nor node-name=\'\'")
# We can reopen the image just fine if we specify the backing options
opts['backing'] = {'driver': iotests.imgfmt,
'file': {'driver': 'file',
'filename': hd_path[0]}}
self.reopen(opts)
# We cannot change any of these options
self.reopen(opts, {'backing.node-name': 'newname'}, "Cannot change the option 'node-name'")
self.reopen(opts, {'backing.driver': 'raw'}, "Cannot change the option 'driver'")
self.reopen(opts, {'backing.file.node-name': 'newname'}, "Cannot change the option 'node-name'")
self.reopen(opts, {'backing.file.driver': 'host_device'}, "Cannot change the option 'driver'")
# Check that nothing has changed since the beginning
self.check_node_graph(original_graph)
# Remove the node
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd1')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Reopen an image several times changing some of its options
def test_reopen(self):
# Check whether the filesystem supports O_DIRECT
if 'O_DIRECT' in qemu_io('-f', 'raw', '-t', 'none', '-c', 'quit', hd_path[0]):
supports_direct = False
else:
supports_direct = True
# Open the hd1 image passing all backing options
opts = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(0)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
original_graph = self.vm.qmp('query-named-block-nodes')
# We can reopen the image passing the same options
self.reopen(opts)
# Reopen in read-only mode
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'ro', False)
self.reopen(opts, {'read-only': True})
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'ro', True)
self.reopen(opts)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'ro', False)
# Change the cache options
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/writeback', True)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/direct', False)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/no-flush', False)
self.reopen(opts, {'cache': { 'direct': supports_direct, 'no-flush': True }})
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/writeback', True)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/direct', supports_direct)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/no-flush', True)
# Reopen again with the original options
self.reopen(opts)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/writeback', True)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/direct', False)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'cache/no-flush', False)
# Change 'detect-zeroes' and 'discard'
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'detect_zeroes', 'off')
self.reopen(opts, {'detect-zeroes': 'on'})
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'detect_zeroes', 'on')
self.reopen(opts, {'detect-zeroes': 'unmap'},
"setting detect-zeroes to unmap is not allowed " +
"without setting discard operation to unmap")
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'detect_zeroes', 'on')
self.reopen(opts, {'detect-zeroes': 'unmap', 'discard': 'unmap'})
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'detect_zeroes', 'unmap')
self.reopen(opts)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'detect_zeroes', 'off')
# Changing 'force-share' is currently not supported
self.reopen(opts, {'force-share': True}, "Cannot change the option 'force-share'")
# Change some qcow2-specific options
# No way to test for success other than checking the return message
if iotests.imgfmt == 'qcow2':
self.reopen(opts, {'l2-cache-entry-size': 128 * 1024},
"L2 cache entry size must be a power of two "+
"between 512 and the cluster size (65536)")
self.reopen(opts, {'l2-cache-size': 1024 * 1024,
'cache-size': 512 * 1024},
"l2-cache-size may not exceed cache-size")
self.reopen(opts, {'l2-cache-size': 4 * 1024 * 1024,
'refcount-cache-size': 4 * 1024 * 1024,
'l2-cache-entry-size': 32 * 1024})
self.reopen(opts, {'pass-discard-request': True})
# Check that nothing has changed since the beginning
# (from the parameters that we can check)
self.check_node_graph(original_graph)
# Check that the node names (other than the top-level one) are optional
del opts['file']['node-name']
del opts['backing']['node-name']
del opts['backing']['file']['node-name']
self.reopen(opts)
self.check_node_graph(original_graph)
# Reopen setting backing = null, this removes the backing image from the chain
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': None})
self.assert_qmp_absent(self.get_node('hd1'), 'image/backing-image')
# Open the 'hd0' image
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **hd_opts(0))
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Reopen the hd1 image setting 'hd0' as its backing image
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': 'hd0'})
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'image/backing-image/filename', hd_path[0])
# Check that nothing has changed since the beginning
self.reopen(hd_opts(0), {'read-only': True})
self.check_node_graph(original_graph)
# The backing file (hd0) is now a reference, we cannot change backing.* anymore
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change the option 'backing.driver'")
# We can't remove 'hd0' while it's a backing image of 'hd1'
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/class', 'GenericError')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/desc', "Node 'hd0' is busy: node is used as backing hd of 'hd1'")
# But we can remove both nodes if done in the proper order
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd1')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Reopen a raw image and see the effect of changing the 'offset' option
def test_reopen_raw(self):
opts = {'driver': 'raw', 'node-name': 'hd0',
'file': { 'driver': 'file',
'filename': hd_path[0],
'node-name': 'hd0-file' } }
# First we create a 2MB raw file, and fill each half with a
# different value
qemu_img('create', '-f', 'raw', hd_path[0], '2M')
qemu_io('-f', 'raw', '-c', 'write -P 0xa0 0 1M', hd_path[0])
qemu_io('-f', 'raw', '-c', 'write -P 0xa1 1M 1M', hd_path[0])
# Open the raw file with QEMU
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Read 1MB from offset 0
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
# Reopen the image with a 1MB offset.
# Now the results are different
self.reopen(opts, {'offset': 1024*1024})
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa1 0 1M")
# Reopen again with the original options.
# We get the original results again
self.reopen(opts)
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
# Remove the block device
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Omitting an option should reset it to the default value, but if
# an option cannot be changed it shouldn't be possible to reset it
# to its default value either
def test_reset_default_values(self):
opts = {'driver': 'qcow2', 'node-name': 'hd0',
'file': { 'driver': 'file',
'filename': hd_path[0],
'x-check-cache-dropped': True, # This one can be changed
'locking': 'off', # This one can NOT be changed
'node-name': 'hd0-file' } }
# Open the file with QEMU
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# file.x-check-cache-dropped can be changed...
self.reopen(opts, { 'file.x-check-cache-dropped': False })
# ...and dropped completely (resetting to the default value)
del opts['file']['x-check-cache-dropped']
self.reopen(opts)
# file.locking cannot be changed nor reset to the default value
self.reopen(opts, { 'file.locking': 'on' }, "Cannot change the option 'locking'")
del opts['file']['locking']
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Option 'locking' cannot be reset to its default value")
# But we can reopen it if we maintain its previous value
self.reopen(opts, { 'file.locking': 'off' })
# Remove the block device
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# This test modifies the node graph a few times by changing the
# 'backing' option on reopen and verifies that the guest data that
# is read afterwards is consistent with the graph changes.
def test_io_with_graph_changes(self):
opts = []
# Open hd0, hd1 and hd2 without any backing image
for i in range(3):
opts.append(hd_opts(i))
opts[i]['backing'] = None
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts[i])
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd0
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0 2M 1M")
# hd1 <- hd0
self.reopen(opts[0], {'backing': 'hd1'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0 2M 1M")
# hd1 <- hd0 , hd1 <- hd2
self.reopen(opts[2], {'backing': 'hd1'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "read -P 0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "read -P 0xa2 2M 1M")
# hd1 <- hd2 <- hd0
self.reopen(opts[0], {'backing': 'hd2'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa2 2M 1M")
# hd2 <- hd0
self.reopen(opts[2], {'backing': None})
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa2 2M 1M")
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
self.reopen(opts[1], {'backing': 'hd2'})
self.reopen(opts[0], {'backing': 'hd1'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa2 2M 1M")
# Illegal operation: hd2 is a child of hd1
self.reopen(opts[2], {'backing': 'hd1'},
"Making 'hd1' a backing child of 'hd2' would create a cycle")
# hd2 <- hd0, hd2 <- hd1
self.reopen(opts[0], {'backing': 'hd2'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0xa2 2M 1M")
# More illegal operations
self.reopen(opts[2], {'backing': 'hd1'},
"Making 'hd1' a backing child of 'hd2' would create a cycle")
self.reopen(opts[2], {'file': 'hd0-file'},
"Permission conflict on node 'hd0-file': permissions 'write, resize' are both required by node 'hd0' (uses node 'hd0-file' as 'file' child) and unshared by node 'hd2' (uses node 'hd0-file' as 'file' child).")
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd2')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/class', 'GenericError')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/desc', "Node 'hd2' is busy: node is used as backing hd of 'hd0'")
# hd1 doesn't have a backing file now
self.reopen(opts[1], {'backing': None})
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0 2M 1M")
# We can't remove the 'backing' option if the image has a
# default backing file
del opts[1]['backing']
self.reopen(opts[1], {}, "backing is missing for 'hd1'")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0 0 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0xa1 1M 1M")
self.run_qemu_io("hd1", "read -P 0 2M 1M")
# This test verifies that we can't change the children of a block
# device during a reopen operation in a way that would create
# cycles in the node graph
@iotests.skip_if_unsupported(['blkverify'])
def test_graph_cycles(self):
opts = []
# Open all three images without backing file
for i in range(3):
opts.append(hd_opts(i))
opts[i]['backing'] = None
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts[i])
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd1 <- hd0, hd1 <- hd2
self.reopen(opts[0], {'backing': 'hd1'})
self.reopen(opts[2], {'backing': 'hd1'})
# Illegal: hd2 is backed by hd1
self.reopen(opts[1], {'backing': 'hd2'},
"Making 'hd2' a backing child of 'hd1' would create a cycle")
# hd1 <- hd0 <- hd2
self.reopen(opts[2], {'backing': 'hd0'})
# Illegal: hd2 is backed by hd0, which is backed by hd1
self.reopen(opts[1], {'backing': 'hd2'},
"Making 'hd2' a backing child of 'hd1' would create a cycle")
# Illegal: hd1 cannot point to itself
self.reopen(opts[1], {'backing': 'hd1'},
"Making 'hd1' a backing child of 'hd1' would create a cycle")
# Remove all backing files
self.reopen(opts[0])
self.reopen(opts[2])
##########################################
# Add a blkverify node using hd0 and hd1 #
##########################################
bvopts = {'driver': 'blkverify',
'node-name': 'bv',
'test': 'hd0',
'raw': 'hd1'}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **bvopts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# blkverify doesn't currently allow reopening. TODO: implement this
self.reopen(bvopts, {}, "Block format 'blkverify' used by node 'bv'" +
" does not support reopening files")
# Illegal: hd0 is a child of the blkverify node
self.reopen(opts[0], {'backing': 'bv'},
"Making 'bv' a backing child of 'hd0' would create a cycle")
# Delete the blkverify node
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'bv')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Replace the protocol layer ('file' parameter) of a disk image
def test_replace_file(self):
# Create two small raw images and add them to a running VM
qemu_img('create', '-f', 'raw', hd_path[0], '10k')
qemu_img('create', '-f', 'raw', hd_path[1], '10k')
hd0_opts = {'driver': 'file', 'node-name': 'hd0-file', 'filename': hd_path[0] }
hd1_opts = {'driver': 'file', 'node-name': 'hd1-file', 'filename': hd_path[1] }
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **hd0_opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **hd1_opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Add a raw format layer that uses hd0-file as its protocol layer
opts = {'driver': 'raw', 'node-name': 'hd', 'file': 'hd0-file'}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Fill the image with data
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0 0 10k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "write -P 0xa0 0 10k")
# Replace hd0-file with hd1-file and fill it with (different) data
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'hd1-file'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0 0 10k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "write -P 0xa1 0 10k")
# Use hd0-file again and check that it contains the expected data
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'hd0-file'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0xa0 0 10k")
# And finally do the same with hd1-file
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'hd1-file'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0xa1 0 10k")
# Insert (and remove) a throttle filter
def test_insert_throttle_filter(self):
# Add an image to the VM
hd0_opts = hd_opts(0)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **hd0_opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Create a throttle-group object
opts = { 'qom-type': 'throttle-group', 'id': 'group0',
'limits': { 'iops-total': 1000 } }
result = self.vm.qmp('object-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Add a throttle filter with the group that we just created.
# The filter is not used by anyone yet
opts = { 'driver': 'throttle', 'node-name': 'throttle0',
'throttle-group': 'group0', 'file': 'hd0-file' }
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Insert the throttle filter between hd0 and hd0-file
self.reopen(hd0_opts, {'file': 'throttle0'})
# Remove the throttle filter from hd0
self.reopen(hd0_opts, {'file': 'hd0-file'})
# Insert (and remove) a compress filter
def test_insert_compress_filter(self):
# Add an image to the VM: hd (raw) -> hd0 (qcow2) -> hd0-file (file)
opts = {'driver': 'raw', 'node-name': 'hd', 'file': hd_opts(0)}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Add a 'compress' filter
filter_opts = {'driver': 'compress',
'node-name': 'compress0',
'file': 'hd0'}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **filter_opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Unmap the beginning of the image (we cannot write compressed
# data to an allocated cluster)
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "write -z -u 0 128k")
# Write data to the first cluster
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "write -P 0xa0 0 64k")
# Insert the filter then write to the second cluster
# hd -> compress0 -> hd0 -> hd0-file
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'compress0'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "write -P 0xa1 64k 64k")
# Remove the filter then write to the third cluster
# hd -> hd0 -> hd0-file
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'hd0'})
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "write -P 0xa2 128k 64k")
# Verify the data that we just wrote
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0xa0 0 64k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0xa1 64k 64k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd", "read -P 0xa2 128k 64k")
self.vm.shutdown()
# Check the first byte of the first three L2 entries and verify that
# the second one is compressed (0x40) while the others are not (0x80)
iotests.qemu_io_log('-f', 'raw', '-c', 'read -P 0x80 0x40000 1',
'-c', 'read -P 0x40 0x40008 1',
'-c', 'read -P 0x80 0x40010 1', hd_path[0])
# Swap the disk images of two active block devices
def test_swap_files(self):
# Add hd0 and hd2 (none of them with backing files)
opts0 = hd_opts(0)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts0)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
opts2 = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts2)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Write different data to both block devices
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "write -P 0xa0 0 1k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "write -P 0xa2 0 1k")
# Check that the data reads correctly
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "read -P 0xa2 0 1k")
# It's not possible to make a block device use an image that
# is already being used by the other device.
self.reopen(opts0, {'file': 'hd2-file'},
"Permission conflict on node 'hd2-file': permissions "
"'write, resize' are both required by node 'hd2' (uses "
"node 'hd2-file' as 'file' child) and unshared by node "
"'hd0' (uses node 'hd2-file' as 'file' child).")
self.reopen(opts2, {'file': 'hd0-file'},
"Permission conflict on node 'hd0-file': permissions "
"'write, resize' are both required by node 'hd0' (uses "
"node 'hd0-file' as 'file' child) and unshared by node "
"'hd2' (uses node 'hd0-file' as 'file' child).")
# But we can swap the images if we reopen both devices at the
# same time
opts0['file'] = 'hd2-file'
opts2['file'] = 'hd0-file'
self.reopenMultiple([opts0, opts2])
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa2 0 1k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "read -P 0xa0 0 1k")
# And we can of course come back to the original state
opts0['file'] = 'hd0-file'
opts2['file'] = 'hd2-file'
self.reopenMultiple([opts0, opts2])
self.run_qemu_io("hd0", "read -P 0xa0 0 1k")
self.run_qemu_io("hd2", "read -P 0xa2 0 1k")
# Misc reopen tests with different block drivers
@iotests.skip_if_unsupported(['quorum', 'throttle'])
def test_misc_drivers(self):
####################
###### quorum ######
####################
for i in range(3):
opts = hd_opts(i)
# Open all three images without backing file
opts['backing'] = None
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
opts = {'driver': 'quorum',
'node-name': 'quorum0',
'children': ['hd0', 'hd1', 'hd2'],
'vote-threshold': 2}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Quorum doesn't currently allow reopening. TODO: implement this
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Block format 'quorum' used by node 'quorum0'" +
" does not support reopening files")
# You can't make quorum0 a backing file of hd0:
# hd0 is already a child of quorum0.
self.reopen(hd_opts(0), {'backing': 'quorum0'},
"Making 'quorum0' a backing child of 'hd0' would create a cycle")
# Delete quorum0
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'quorum0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Delete hd0, hd1 and hd2
for i in range(3):
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True,
node_name = 'hd%d' % i)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
######################
###### blkdebug ######
######################
opts = {'driver': 'blkdebug',
'node-name': 'bd',
'config': '/dev/null',
'image': hd_opts(0)}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# blkdebug allows reopening if we keep the same options
self.reopen(opts)
# but it currently does not allow changes
self.reopen(opts, {'image': 'hd1'}, "Cannot change the option 'image'")
self.reopen(opts, {'align': 33554432}, "Cannot change the option 'align'")
self.reopen(opts, {'config': '/non/existent'}, "Cannot change the option 'config'")
del opts['config']
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Option 'config' cannot be reset to its default value")
# Delete the blkdebug node
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'bd')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
##################
###### null ######
##################
opts = {'driver': 'null-co', 'node-name': 'root', 'size': 1024}
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# 1 << 30 is the default value, but we cannot change it explicitly
self.reopen(opts, {'size': (1 << 30)}, "Cannot change the option 'size'")
# We cannot change 'size' back to its default value either
del opts['size']
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Option 'size' cannot be reset to its default value")
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'root')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
##################
###### file ######
##################
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['file']['locking'] = 'on'
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# 'locking' cannot be changed
del opts['file']['locking']
self.reopen(opts, {'file.locking': 'on'})
self.reopen(opts, {'file.locking': 'off'}, "Cannot change the option 'locking'")
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Option 'locking' cannot be reset to its default value")
# Trying to reopen the 'file' node directly does not make a difference
opts = opts['file']
self.reopen(opts, {'locking': 'on'})
self.reopen(opts, {'locking': 'off'}, "Cannot change the option 'locking'")
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Option 'locking' cannot be reset to its default value")
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
######################
###### throttle ######
######################
opts = { 'qom-type': 'throttle-group', 'id': 'group0',
'limits': { 'iops-total': 1000 } }
result = self.vm.qmp('object-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
opts = { 'qom-type': 'throttle-group', 'id': 'group1',
'limits': { 'iops-total': 2000 } }
result = self.vm.qmp('object-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Add a throttle filter with group = group0
opts = { 'driver': 'throttle', 'node-name': 'throttle0',
'throttle-group': 'group0', 'file': hd_opts(0) }
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# We can reopen it if we keep the same options
self.reopen(opts)
# We can also reopen if 'file' is a reference to the child
self.reopen(opts, {'file': 'hd0'})
# This is illegal
self.reopen(opts, {'throttle-group': 'notfound'}, "Throttle group 'notfound' does not exist")
# But it's possible to change the group to group1
self.reopen(opts, {'throttle-group': 'group1'})
# Now group1 is in use, it cannot be deleted
result = self.vm.qmp('object-del', id = 'group1')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/class', 'GenericError')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/desc', "object 'group1' is in use, can not be deleted")
# Default options, this switches the group back to group0
self.reopen(opts)
# So now we cannot delete group0
result = self.vm.qmp('object-del', id = 'group0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/class', 'GenericError')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/desc', "object 'group0' is in use, can not be deleted")
# But group1 is free this time, and it can be deleted
result = self.vm.qmp('object-del', id = 'group1')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Let's delete the filter node
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'throttle0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# And we can finally get rid of group0
result = self.vm.qmp('object-del', id = 'group0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# If an image has a backing file then the 'backing' option must be
# passed on reopen. We don't allow leaving the option out in this
# case because it's unclear what the correct semantics would be.
def test_missing_backing_options_1(self):
# hd2
opts = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd0 has no backing file: we can omit the 'backing' option
self.reopen(opts)
# hd2 <- hd0
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': 'hd2'})
# hd0 has a backing file: we must set the 'backing' option
self.reopen(opts, {}, "backing is missing for 'hd0'")
# hd2 can't be removed because it's the backing file of hd0
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd2')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/class', 'GenericError')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'error/desc', "Node 'hd2' is busy: node is used as backing hd of 'hd0'")
# Detach hd2 from hd0.
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': None})
# Without a backing file, we can omit 'backing' again
self.reopen(opts)
# Remove both hd0 and hd2
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd2')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# If an image has default backing file (as part of its metadata)
# then the 'backing' option must be passed on reopen. We don't
# allow leaving the option out in this case because it's unclear
# what the correct semantics would be.
def test_missing_backing_options_2(self):
# hd0 <- hd1
# (hd0 is hd1's default backing file)
opts = hd_opts(1)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd1 has a backing file: we can't omit the 'backing' option
self.reopen(opts, {}, "backing is missing for 'hd1'")
# Let's detach the backing file
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': None})
# No backing file attached to hd1 now, but we still can't omit the 'backing' option
self.reopen(opts, {}, "backing is missing for 'hd1'")
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd1')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Test that making 'backing' a reference to an existing child
# keeps its current options
def test_backing_reference(self):
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = hd_opts(2)
# Enable 'detect-zeroes' on all three nodes
opts['detect-zeroes'] = 'on'
opts['backing']['detect-zeroes'] = 'on'
opts['backing']['backing']['detect-zeroes'] = 'on'
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Reopen the chain passing the minimum amount of required options.
# By making 'backing' a reference to hd1 (instead of a sub-dict)
# we tell QEMU to keep its current set of options.
opts = {'driver': iotests.imgfmt,
'node-name': 'hd0',
'file': 'hd0-file',
'backing': 'hd1' }
self.reopen(opts)
# This has reset 'detect-zeroes' on hd0, but not on hd1 and hd2.
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd0'), 'detect_zeroes', 'off')
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd1'), 'detect_zeroes', 'on')
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd2'), 'detect_zeroes', 'on')
# Test what happens if the graph changes due to other operations
# such as block-stream
def test_block_stream_1(self):
# hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = None
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Stream hd1 into hd0 and wait until it's done
result = self.vm.qmp('block-stream', conv_keys = True, job_id = 'stream0', device = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
self.wait_until_completed(drive = 'stream0')
# Now we have only hd0
self.assertEqual(self.get_node('hd1'), None)
# We have backing.* options but there's no backing file anymore
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change the option 'backing.driver'")
# If we remove the 'backing' option then we can reopen hd0 just fine
del opts['backing']
self.reopen(opts)
# We can also reopen hd0 if we set 'backing' to null
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': None})
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Another block_stream test
def test_block_stream_2(self):
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Stream hd1 into hd0 and wait until it's done
result = self.vm.qmp('block-stream', conv_keys = True, job_id = 'stream0',
device = 'hd0', base_node = 'hd2')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
self.wait_until_completed(drive = 'stream0')
# The chain is hd2 <- hd0 now. hd1 is missing
self.assertEqual(self.get_node('hd1'), None)
# The backing options in the dict were meant for hd1, but we cannot
# use them with hd2 because hd1 had a backing file while hd2 does not.
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change the option 'backing.driver'")
# If we remove hd1's options from the dict then things work fine
opts['backing'] = opts['backing']['backing']
self.reopen(opts)
# We can also reopen hd0 if we use a reference to the backing file
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': 'hd2'})
# But we cannot leave the option out
del opts['backing']
self.reopen(opts, {}, "backing is missing for 'hd0'")
# Now we can delete hd0 (and hd2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-del', conv_keys = True, node_name = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
self.assertEqual(self.get_node('hd2'), None)
# Reopen the chain during a block-stream job (from hd1 to hd0)
def test_block_stream_3(self):
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd2 <- hd0
result = self.vm.qmp('block-stream', conv_keys = True, job_id = 'stream0',
device = 'hd0', base_node = 'hd2',
auto_finalize = False)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# We can remove hd2 while the stream job is ongoing
opts['backing']['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts, {})
# We can't remove hd1 while the stream job is ongoing
opts['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change frozen 'backing' link from 'hd0' to 'hd1'")
self.vm.run_job('stream0', auto_finalize = False, auto_dismiss = True)
# Reopen the chain during a block-stream job (from hd2 to hd1)
def test_block_stream_4(self):
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# hd1 <- hd0
result = self.vm.qmp('block-stream', conv_keys = True, job_id = 'stream0',
device = 'hd1', filter_node_name='cor',
auto_finalize = False)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# We can't reopen with the original options because there is a filter
# inserted by stream job above hd1.
self.reopen(opts, {},
"Cannot change the option 'backing.backing.file.node-name'")
# We can't reopen hd1 to read-only, as block-stream requires it to be
# read-write
self.reopen(opts['backing'], {'read-only': True},
"Read-only block node 'hd1' cannot support read-write users")
# We can't remove hd2 while the stream job is ongoing
opts['backing']['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts['backing'], {'read-only': False},
"Cannot change frozen 'backing' link from 'hd1' to 'hd2'")
# We can detach hd1 from hd0 because it doesn't affect the stream job
opts['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts)
self.vm.run_job('stream0', auto_finalize = False, auto_dismiss = True)
# Reopen the chain during a block-commit job (from hd0 to hd2)
def test_block_commit_1(self):
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('block-commit', conv_keys = True, job_id = 'commit0',
device = 'hd0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# We can't remove hd2 while the commit job is ongoing
opts['backing']['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change frozen 'backing' link from 'hd1' to 'hd2'")
# We can't remove hd1 while the commit job is ongoing
opts['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change frozen 'backing' link from 'hd0' to 'hd1'")
event = self.vm.event_wait(name='BLOCK_JOB_READY')
self.assert_qmp(event, 'data/device', 'commit0')
self.assert_qmp(event, 'data/type', 'commit')
self.assert_qmp_absent(event, 'data/error')
result = self.vm.qmp('block-job-complete', device='commit0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
self.wait_until_completed(drive = 'commit0')
# Reopen the chain during a block-commit job (from hd1 to hd2)
def test_block_commit_2(self):
# hd2 <- hd1 <- hd0
opts = hd_opts(0)
opts['backing'] = hd_opts(1)
opts['backing']['backing'] = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('block-commit', conv_keys = True, job_id = 'commit0',
device = 'hd0', top_node = 'hd1',
auto_finalize = False)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# We can't remove hd2 while the commit job is ongoing
opts['backing']['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot change the option 'backing.driver'")
# We can't remove hd1 while the commit job is ongoing
opts['backing'] = None
self.reopen(opts, {}, "Cannot replace implicit backing child of hd0")
# hd2 <- hd0
self.vm.run_job('commit0', auto_finalize = False, auto_dismiss = True)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd0'), 'ro', False)
self.assertEqual(self.get_node('hd1'), None)
self.assert_qmp(self.get_node('hd2'), 'ro', True)
def run_test_iothreads(self, iothread_a, iothread_b, errmsg = None):
opts = hd_opts(0)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
opts2 = hd_opts(2)
result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', conv_keys = False, **opts2)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('object-add', qom_type='iothread', id='iothread0')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('object-add', qom_type='iothread', id='iothread1')
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('device_add', driver='virtio-scsi', id='scsi0',
iothread=iothread_a)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
result = self.vm.qmp('device_add', driver='virtio-scsi', id='scsi1',
iothread=iothread_b)
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
if iothread_a:
result = self.vm.qmp('device_add', driver='scsi-hd', drive='hd0',
share_rw=True, bus="scsi0.0")
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
if iothread_b:
result = self.vm.qmp('device_add', driver='scsi-hd', drive='hd2',
share_rw=True, bus="scsi1.0")
self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
# Attaching the backing file may or may not work
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': 'hd2'}, errmsg)
# But removing the backing file should always work
self.reopen(opts, {'backing': None})
self.vm.shutdown()
# We don't allow setting a backing file that uses a different AioContext if
# neither of them can switch to the other AioContext
def test_iothreads_error(self):
self.run_test_iothreads('iothread0', 'iothread1',
"Cannot change iothread of active block backend")
def test_iothreads_compatible_users(self):
self.run_test_iothreads('iothread0', 'iothread0')
def test_iothreads_switch_backing(self):
self.run_test_iothreads('iothread0', None)
def test_iothreads_switch_overlay(self):
self.run_test_iothreads(None, 'iothread0')
if __name__ == '__main__':
iotests.activate_logging()
iotests.main(supported_fmts=["qcow2"],
supported_protocols=["file"])
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