qemu/tests/avocado/tuxrun_baselines.py
Alex Bennée 5d25fcb702 gitlab: add optional job to run flaky avocado tests
One problem with flaky tests is they often only fail under CI
conditions which makes it hard to debug. We add an optional allow_fail
job so developers can trigger the only the flaky tests in the CI
environment if they are debugging.

Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20231201093633.2551497-8-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
2023-12-01 17:47:20 +00:00

621 lines
23 KiB
Python

# Functional test that boots known good tuxboot images the same way
# that tuxrun (www.tuxrun.org) does. This tool is used by things like
# the LKFT project to run regression tests on kernels.
#
# Copyright (c) 2023 Linaro Ltd.
#
# Author:
# Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
import os
import time
import tempfile
from avocado import skip, skipUnless
from avocado_qemu import QemuSystemTest
from avocado_qemu import exec_command, exec_command_and_wait_for_pattern
from avocado_qemu import wait_for_console_pattern
from avocado.utils import process
from avocado.utils.path import find_command
class TuxRunBaselineTest(QemuSystemTest):
"""
:avocado: tags=accel:tcg
"""
KERNEL_COMMON_COMMAND_LINE = 'printk.time=0'
# Tests are ~10-40s, allow for --debug/--enable-gcov overhead
timeout = 100
def get_tag(self, tagname, default=None):
"""
Get the metadata tag or return the default.
"""
utag = self._get_unique_tag_val(tagname)
print(f"{tagname}/{default} -> {utag}")
if utag:
return utag
return default
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
# We need zstd for all the tuxrun tests
# See https://github.com/avocado-framework/avocado/issues/5609
zstd = find_command('zstd', False)
if zstd is False:
self.cancel('Could not find "zstd", which is required to '
'decompress rootfs')
self.zstd = zstd
# Process the TuxRun specific tags, most machines work with
# reasonable defaults but we sometimes need to tweak the
# config. To avoid open coding everything we store all these
# details in the metadata for each test.
# The tuxboot tag matches the root directory
self.tuxboot = self.get_tag('tuxboot')
# Most Linux's use ttyS0 for their serial port
self.console = self.get_tag('console', "ttyS0")
# Does the machine shutdown QEMU nicely on "halt"
self.shutdown = self.get_tag('shutdown')
# The name of the kernel Image file
self.image = self.get_tag('image', "Image")
self.root = self.get_tag('root', "vda")
# Occasionally we need extra devices to hook things up
self.extradev = self.get_tag('extradev')
self.qemu_img = super().get_qemu_img()
def wait_for_console_pattern(self, success_message, vm=None):
wait_for_console_pattern(self, success_message,
failure_message='Kernel panic - not syncing',
vm=vm)
def fetch_tuxrun_assets(self, csums=None, dt=None):
"""
Fetch the TuxBoot assets. They are stored in a standard way so we
use the per-test tags to fetch details.
"""
base_url = f"https://storage.tuxboot.com/20230331/{self.tuxboot}/"
# empty hash if we weren't passed one
csums = {} if csums is None else csums
ksum = csums.get(self.image, None)
isum = csums.get("rootfs.ext4.zst", None)
kernel_image = self.fetch_asset(base_url + self.image,
asset_hash = ksum,
algorithm = "sha256")
disk_image_zst = self.fetch_asset(base_url + "rootfs.ext4.zst",
asset_hash = isum,
algorithm = "sha256")
cmd = f"{self.zstd} -d {disk_image_zst} -o {self.workdir}/rootfs.ext4"
process.run(cmd)
if dt:
dsum = csums.get(dt, None)
dtb = self.fetch_asset(base_url + dt,
asset_hash = dsum,
algorithm = "sha256")
else:
dtb = None
return (kernel_image, self.workdir + "/rootfs.ext4", dtb)
def prepare_run(self, kernel, disk, drive, dtb=None, console_index=0):
"""
Setup to run and add the common parameters to the system
"""
self.vm.set_console(console_index=console_index)
# all block devices are raw ext4's
blockdev = "driver=raw,file.driver=file," \
+ f"file.filename={disk},node-name=hd0"
kcmd_line = self.KERNEL_COMMON_COMMAND_LINE
kcmd_line += f" root=/dev/{self.root}"
kcmd_line += f" console={self.console}"
self.vm.add_args('-kernel', kernel,
'-append', kcmd_line,
'-blockdev', blockdev)
# Sometimes we need extra devices attached
if self.extradev:
self.vm.add_args('-device', self.extradev)
self.vm.add_args('-device',
f"{drive},drive=hd0")
# Some machines need an explicit DTB
if dtb:
self.vm.add_args('-dtb', dtb)
def run_tuxtest_tests(self, haltmsg):
"""
Wait for the system to boot up, wait for the login prompt and
then do a few things on the console. Trigger a shutdown and
wait to exit cleanly.
"""
self.wait_for_console_pattern("Welcome to TuxTest")
time.sleep(0.2)
exec_command(self, 'root')
time.sleep(0.2)
exec_command(self, 'cat /proc/interrupts')
time.sleep(0.1)
exec_command(self, 'cat /proc/self/maps')
time.sleep(0.1)
exec_command(self, 'uname -a')
time.sleep(0.1)
exec_command_and_wait_for_pattern(self, 'halt', haltmsg)
# Wait for VM to shut down gracefully if it can
if self.shutdown == "nowait":
self.vm.shutdown()
else:
self.vm.wait()
def common_tuxrun(self,
csums=None,
dt=None,
drive="virtio-blk-device",
haltmsg="reboot: System halted",
console_index=0):
"""
Common path for LKFT tests. Unless we need to do something
special with the command line we can process most things using
the tag metadata.
"""
(kernel, disk, dtb) = self.fetch_tuxrun_assets(csums, dt)
self.prepare_run(kernel, disk, drive, dtb, console_index)
self.vm.launch()
self.run_tuxtest_tests(haltmsg)
def ppc64_common_tuxrun(self, sums, prefix):
# add device args to command line.
self.require_netdev('user')
self.vm.add_args('-netdev', 'user,id=vnet,hostfwd=:127.0.0.1:0-:22',
'-device', 'virtio-net,netdev=vnet')
self.vm.add_args('-netdev', '{"type":"user","id":"hostnet0"}',
'-device', '{"driver":"virtio-net-pci","netdev":'
'"hostnet0","id":"net0","mac":"52:54:00:4c:e3:86",'
'"bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x9"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"qemu-xhci","p2":15,"p3":15,'
'"id":"usb","bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x2"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"virtio-scsi-pci","id":"scsi0"'
',"bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x3"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"virtio-serial-pci","id":'
'"virtio-serial0","bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x4"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"scsi-cd","bus":"scsi0.0"'
',"channel":0,"scsi-id":0,"lun":0,"device_id":'
'"drive-scsi0-0-0-0","id":"scsi0-0-0-0"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"virtio-balloon-pci",'
'"id":"balloon0","bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x6"}')
self.vm.add_args('-audiodev', '{"id":"audio1","driver":"none"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"usb-tablet","id":"input0"'
',"bus":"usb.0","port":"1"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"usb-kbd","id":"input1"'
',"bus":"usb.0","port":"2"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"VGA","id":"video0",'
'"vgamem_mb":16,"bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x7"}')
self.vm.add_args('-object', '{"qom-type":"rng-random","id":"objrng0"'
',"filename":"/dev/urandom"}',
'-device', '{"driver":"virtio-rng-pci","rng":"objrng0"'
',"id":"rng0","bus":"pci.0","addr":"0x8"}')
self.vm.add_args('-object', '{"qom-type":"cryptodev-backend-builtin",'
'"id":"objcrypto0","queues":1}',
'-device', '{"driver":"virtio-crypto-pci",'
'"cryptodev":"objcrypto0","id":"crypto0","bus"'
':"pci.0","addr":"0xa"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"spapr-pci-host-bridge"'
',"index":1,"id":"pci.1"}')
self.vm.add_args('-device', '{"driver":"spapr-vscsi","id":"scsi1"'
',"reg":12288}')
self.vm.add_args('-m', '2G,slots=32,maxmem=4G',
'-object', 'memory-backend-ram,id=ram1,size=1G',
'-device', 'pc-dimm,id=dimm1,memdev=ram1')
# Create a temporary qcow2 and launch the test-case
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(prefix=prefix,
suffix='.qcow2') as qcow2:
process.run(self.qemu_img + ' create -f qcow2 ' +
qcow2.name + ' 1G')
self.vm.add_args('-drive', 'file=' + qcow2.name +
',format=qcow2,if=none,id='
'drive-virtio-disk1',
'-device', 'virtio-blk-pci,scsi=off,bus=pci.0,'
'addr=0xb,drive=drive-virtio-disk1,id=virtio-disk1'
',bootindex=2')
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="scsi-hd")
#
# The tests themselves. The configuration is derived from how
# tuxrun invokes qemu (with minor tweaks like using -blockdev
# consistently). The tuxrun equivalent is something like:
#
# tuxrun --device qemu-{ARCH} \
# --kernel https://storage.tuxboot.com/{TUXBOOT}/{IMAGE}
#
def test_arm64(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:aarch64
:avocado: tags=cpu:cortex-a57
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:arm64
:avocado: tags=console:ttyAMA0
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = {"Image" :
"ce95a7101a5fecebe0fe630deee6bd97b32ba41bc8754090e9ad8961ea8674c7",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"bbd5ed4b9c7d3f4ca19ba71a323a843c6b585e880115df3b7765769dbd9dd061"}
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_arm64be(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:aarch64
:avocado: tags=cpu:cortex-a57
:avocado: tags=endian:big
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:arm64be
:avocado: tags=console:ttyAMA0
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "Image" :
"e0df4425eb2cd9ea9a283e808037f805641c65d8fcecc8f6407d8f4f339561b4",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"e6ffd8813c8a335bc15728f2835f90539c84be7f8f5f691a8b01451b47fb4bd7"}
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_armv5(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:arm
:avocado: tags=cpu:arm926
:avocado: tags=machine:versatilepb
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:armv5
:avocado: tags=image:zImage
:avocado: tags=console:ttyAMA0
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"17177afa74e7294da0642861f08c88ca3c836764299a54bf6d1ce276cb9712a5",
"versatile-pb.dtb" :
"0bc0c0b0858cefd3c32b385c0d66d97142ded29472a496f4f490e42fc7615b25",
"zImage" :
"c95af2f27647c12265d75e9df44c22ff5228c59855f54aaa70f41ec2842e3a4d" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums,
drive="virtio-blk-pci",
dt="versatile-pb.dtb")
def test_armv7(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:arm
:avocado: tags=cpu:cortex-a15
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:armv7
:avocado: tags=image:zImage
:avocado: tags=console:ttyAMA0
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"ab1fbbeaddda1ffdd45c9405a28cd5370c20f23a7cbc809cc90dc9f243a8eb5a",
"zImage" :
"4c7a22e9f15875bec06bd2a29d822496571eb297d4f22694099ffcdb19077572" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_armv7be(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:arm
:avocado: tags=cpu:cortex-a15
:avocado: tags=endian:big
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:armv7be
:avocado: tags=image:zImage
:avocado: tags=console:ttyAMA0
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = {"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"42ed46dd2d59986206c5b1f6cf35eab58fe3fd20c96b41aaa16b32f3f90a9835",
"zImage" :
"7facc62082b57af12015b08f7fdbaf2f123ba07a478367853ae12b219afc9f2f" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_i386(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:i386
:avocado: tags=cpu:coreduo
:avocado: tags=machine:q35
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:i386
:avocado: tags=image:bzImage
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = {"bzImage" :
"a3e5b32a354729e65910f5a1ffcda7c14a6c12a55e8213fb86e277f1b76ed956",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"f15e66b2bf673a210ec2a4b2e744a80530b36289e04f5388aab812b97f69754a" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="virtio-blk-pci")
def test_mips32(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:mips
:avocado: tags=machine:malta
:avocado: tags=cpu:mips32r6-generic
:avocado: tags=endian:big
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:mips32
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"fc3da0b4c2f38d74c6d705123bb0f633c76ed953128f9d0859378c328a6d11a0",
"vmlinux" :
"bfd2172f8b17fb32970ca0c8c58f59c5a4ca38aa5855d920be3a69b5d16e52f0" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0")
def test_mips32el(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:mipsel
:avocado: tags=machine:malta
:avocado: tags=cpu:mips32r6-generic
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:mips32el
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"e799768e289fd69209c21f4dacffa11baea7543d5db101e8ce27e3bc2c41d90e",
"vmlinux" :
"8573867c68a8443db8de6d08bb33fb291c189ca2ca671471d3973a3e712096a3" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0")
def test_mips64(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:mips64
:avocado: tags=machine:malta
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:mips64
:avocado: tags=endian:big
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"69d91eeb04df3d8d172922c6993bb37d4deeb6496def75d8580f6f9de3e431da",
"vmlinux" :
"09010e51e4b8bcbbd2494786ffb48eca78f228e96e5c5438344b0eac4029dc61" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0")
def test_mips64el(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:mips64el
:avocado: tags=machine:malta
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:mips64el
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"fba585368f5915b1498ed081863474b2d7ec4e97cdd46d21bdcb2f9698f83de4",
"vmlinux" :
"d4e08965e2155c4cccce7c5f34d18fe34c636cda2f2c9844387d614950155266" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0")
def test_ppc32(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:ppc
:avocado: tags=machine:ppce500
:avocado: tags=cpu:e500mc
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:ppc32
:avocado: tags=image:uImage
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"8885b9d999cc24d679542a02e9b6aaf48f718f2050ece6b8347074b6ee41dd09",
"uImage" :
"1a68f74b860fda022fb12e03c5efece8c2b8b590d96cca37a8481a3ae0b3f81f" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="virtio-blk-pci")
def test_ppc64(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:ppc64
:avocado: tags=machine:pseries
:avocado: tags=cpu:POWER10
:avocado: tags=endian:big
:avocado: tags=console:hvc0
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:ppc64
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=extradev:driver=spapr-vscsi
:avocado: tags=root:sda
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"1d953e81a4379e537fc8e41e05a0a59d9b453eef97aa03d47866c6c45b00bdff",
"vmlinux" :
"f22a9b9e924174a4c199f4c7e5d91a2339fcfe51c6eafd0907dc3e09b64ab728" }
self.ppc64_common_tuxrun(sums, prefix='tuxrun_ppc64_')
def test_ppc64le(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:ppc64
:avocado: tags=machine:pseries
:avocado: tags=cpu:POWER10
:avocado: tags=console:hvc0
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:ppc64le
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=extradev:driver=spapr-vscsi
:avocado: tags=root:sda
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"b442678c93fb8abe1f7d3bfa20556488de6b475c22c8fed363f42cf81a0a3906",
"vmlinux" :
"979eb61b445a010fb13e2b927126991f8ceef9c590fa2be0996c00e293e80cf2" }
self.ppc64_common_tuxrun(sums, prefix='tuxrun_ppc64le_')
def test_riscv32(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:riscv32
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:riscv32
"""
sums = { "Image" :
"89599407d7334de629a40e7ad6503c73670359eb5f5ae9d686353a3d6deccbd5",
"fw_jump.elf" :
"f2ef28a0b77826f79d085d3e4aa686f1159b315eff9099a37046b18936676985",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"7168d296d0283238ea73cd5a775b3dd608e55e04c7b92b76ecce31bb13108cba" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_riscv64(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:riscv64
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:riscv64
"""
sums = { "Image" :
"cd634badc65e52fb63465ec99e309c0de0369f0841b7d9486f9729e119bac25e",
"fw_jump.elf" :
"6e3373abcab4305fe151b564a4c71110d833c21f2c0a1753b7935459e36aedcf",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"b18e3a3bdf27be03da0b285e84cb71bf09eca071c3a087b42884b6982ed679eb" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_riscv32_maxcpu(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:riscv32
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=cpu:max
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:riscv32
"""
sums = { "Image" :
"89599407d7334de629a40e7ad6503c73670359eb5f5ae9d686353a3d6deccbd5",
"fw_jump.elf" :
"f2ef28a0b77826f79d085d3e4aa686f1159b315eff9099a37046b18936676985",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"7168d296d0283238ea73cd5a775b3dd608e55e04c7b92b76ecce31bb13108cba" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_riscv64_maxcpu(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:riscv64
:avocado: tags=machine:virt
:avocado: tags=cpu:max
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:riscv64
"""
sums = { "Image" :
"cd634badc65e52fb63465ec99e309c0de0369f0841b7d9486f9729e119bac25e",
"fw_jump.elf" :
"6e3373abcab4305fe151b564a4c71110d833c21f2c0a1753b7935459e36aedcf",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"b18e3a3bdf27be03da0b285e84cb71bf09eca071c3a087b42884b6982ed679eb" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums)
def test_s390(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:s390x
:avocado: tags=endian:big
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:s390
:avocado: tags=image:bzImage
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "bzImage" :
"0414e98dd1c3dafff8496c9cd9c28a5f8d04553bb5ba37e906a812b48d442ef0",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"88c37c32276677f873a25ab9ec6247895b8e3e6f8259134de2a616080b8ab3fc" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums,
drive="virtio-blk-ccw",
haltmsg="Requesting system halt")
# Note: some segfaults caused by unaligned userspace access
@skipUnless(os.getenv('QEMU_TEST_FLAKY_TESTS'), 'Test is unstable on GitLab')
def test_sh4(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:sh4
:avocado: tags=machine:r2d
:avocado: tags=cpu:sh7785
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:sh4
:avocado: tags=image:zImage
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=console:ttySC1
:avocado: tags=flaky
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"3592a7a3d5a641e8b9821449e77bc43c9904a56c30d45da0694349cfd86743fd",
"zImage" :
"29d9b2aba604a0f53a5dc3b5d0f2b8e35d497de1129f8ee5139eb6fdf0db692f" }
# The test is currently too unstable to do much in userspace
# so we skip common_tuxrun and do a minimal boot and shutdown.
(kernel, disk, dtb) = self.fetch_tuxrun_assets(csums=sums)
# the console comes on the second serial port
self.prepare_run(kernel, disk,
"driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0",
console_index=1)
self.vm.launch()
self.wait_for_console_pattern("Welcome to TuxTest")
time.sleep(0.1)
exec_command(self, 'root')
time.sleep(0.1)
exec_command_and_wait_for_pattern(self, 'halt',
"reboot: System halted")
def test_sparc64(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:sparc64
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:sparc64
:avocado: tags=image:vmlinux
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"ad2f1dc436ab51583543d25d2c210cab478645d47078d30d129a66ab0e281d76",
"vmlinux" :
"e34313e4325ff21deaa3d38a502aa09a373ef62b9bd4d7f8f29388b688225c55" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums, drive="driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0")
def test_x86_64(self):
"""
:avocado: tags=arch:x86_64
:avocado: tags=machine:q35
:avocado: tags=cpu:Nehalem
:avocado: tags=tuxboot:x86_64
:avocado: tags=image:bzImage
:avocado: tags=root:sda
:avocado: tags=shutdown:nowait
"""
sums = { "bzImage" :
"2bc7480a669ee9b6b82500a236aba0c54233debe98cb968268fa230f52f03461",
"rootfs.ext4.zst" :
"b72ac729769b8f51c6dffb221113c9a063c774dbe1d66af30eb593c4e9999b4b" }
self.common_tuxrun(csums=sums,
drive="driver=ide-hd,bus=ide.0,unit=0")