113 lines
3.7 KiB
Plaintext
113 lines
3.7 KiB
Plaintext
PCI SR/IOV EMULATION SUPPORT
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============================
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Description
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===========
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SR/IOV (Single Root I/O Virtualization) is an optional extended capability
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of a PCI Express device. It allows a single physical function (PF) to appear as multiple
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virtual functions (VFs) for the main purpose of eliminating software
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overhead in I/O from virtual machines.
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QEMU now implements the basic common functionality to enable an emulated device
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to support SR/IOV.
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Implementation
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==============
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Implementing emulation of an SR/IOV capable device typically consists of
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implementing support for two types of device classes; the "normal" physical device
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(PF) and the virtual device (VF). From QEMU's perspective, the VFs are just
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like other devices, except that some of their properties are derived from
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the PF.
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A virtual function is different from a physical function in that the BAR
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space for all VFs are defined by the BAR registers in the PFs SR/IOV
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capability. All VFs have the same BARs and BAR sizes.
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Accesses to these virtual BARs then is computed as
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<VF BAR start> + <VF number> * <BAR sz> + <offset>
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From our emulation perspective this means that there is a separate call for
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setting up a BAR for a VF.
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1) To enable SR/IOV support in the PF, it must be a PCI Express device so
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you would need to add a PCI Express capability in the normal PCI
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capability list. You might also want to add an ARI (Alternative
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Routing-ID Interpretation) capability to indicate that your device
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supports functions beyond it's "own" function space (0-7),
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which is necessary to support more than 7 functions, or
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if functions extends beyond offset 7 because they are placed at an
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offset > 1 or have stride > 1.
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...
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#include "hw/pci/pcie.h"
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#include "hw/pci/pcie_sriov.h"
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pci_your_pf_dev_realize( ... )
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{
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...
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int ret = pcie_endpoint_cap_init(d, 0x70);
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...
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pcie_ari_init(d, 0x100);
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...
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/* Add and initialize the SR/IOV capability */
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pcie_sriov_pf_init(d, 0x200, "your_virtual_dev",
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vf_devid, initial_vfs, total_vfs,
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fun_offset, stride);
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/* Set up individual VF BARs (parameters as for normal BARs) */
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pcie_sriov_pf_init_vf_bar( ... )
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...
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}
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For cleanup, you simply call:
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pcie_sriov_pf_exit(device);
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which will delete all the virtual functions and associated resources.
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2) Similarly in the implementation of the virtual function, you need to
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make it a PCI Express device and add a similar set of capabilities
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except for the SR/IOV capability. Then you need to set up the VF BARs as
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subregions of the PFs SR/IOV VF BARs by calling
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pcie_sriov_vf_register_bar() instead of the normal pci_register_bar() call:
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pci_your_vf_dev_realize( ... )
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{
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...
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int ret = pcie_endpoint_cap_init(d, 0x60);
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...
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pcie_ari_init(d, 0x100);
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...
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memory_region_init(mr, ... )
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pcie_sriov_vf_register_bar(d, bar_nr, mr);
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...
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}
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Testing on Linux guest
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======================
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The easiest is if your device driver supports sysfs based SR/IOV
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enabling. Support for this was added in kernel v.3.8, so not all drivers
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support it yet.
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To enable 4 VFs for a device at 01:00.0:
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modprobe yourdriver
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echo 4 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/sriov_numvfs
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You should now see 4 VFs with lspci.
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To turn SR/IOV off again - the standard requires you to turn it off before you can enable
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another VF count, and the emulation enforces this:
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echo 0 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/sriov_numvfs
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Older drivers typically provide a max_vfs module parameter
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to enable it at load time:
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modprobe yourdriver max_vfs=4
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To disable the VFs again then, you simply have to unload the driver:
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rmmod yourdriver
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