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qemu/block/backup.c
Fam Zheng 9ded4a0114 backup: Use copy offloading 
The implementation is similar to the 'qemu-img convert'. In the
beginning of the job, offloaded copy is attempted. If it fails, further
I/O will go through the existing bounce buffer code path.

Then, as Kevin pointed out, both this and qemu-img convert can benefit
from a local check if one request fails because of, for example, the
offset is beyond EOF, but another may well be accepted by the protocol
layer. This will be implemented separately.

Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20180703023758.14422-4-famz@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jeff Cody <jcody@redhat.com>
2018-07-02 23:23:45 -04:00

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/*
* QEMU backup
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Proxmox Server Solutions
*
* Authors:
* Dietmar Maurer (dietmar@proxmox.com)
*
* This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
* See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
*
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "trace.h"
#include "block/block.h"
#include "block/block_int.h"
#include "block/blockjob_int.h"
#include "block/block_backup.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
#include "qemu/ratelimit.h"
#include "qemu/cutils.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "qemu/bitmap.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#define BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT (1 << 16)
typedef struct BackupBlockJob {
BlockJob common;
BlockBackend *target;
/* bitmap for sync=incremental */
BdrvDirtyBitmap *sync_bitmap;
MirrorSyncMode sync_mode;
BlockdevOnError on_source_error;
BlockdevOnError on_target_error;
CoRwlock flush_rwlock;
uint64_t len;
uint64_t bytes_read;
int64_t cluster_size;
bool compress;
NotifierWithReturn before_write;
QLIST_HEAD(, CowRequest) inflight_reqs;
HBitmap *copy_bitmap;
bool use_copy_range;
int64_t copy_range_size;
} BackupBlockJob;
static const BlockJobDriver backup_job_driver;
/* See if in-flight requests overlap and wait for them to complete */
static void coroutine_fn wait_for_overlapping_requests(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end)
{
CowRequest *req;
bool retry;
do {
retry = false;
QLIST_FOREACH(req, &job->inflight_reqs, list) {
if (end > req->start_byte && start < req->end_byte) {
qemu_co_queue_wait(&req->wait_queue, NULL);
retry = true;
break;
}
}
} while (retry);
}
/* Keep track of an in-flight request */
static void cow_request_begin(CowRequest *req, BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start, int64_t end)
{
req->start_byte = start;
req->end_byte = end;
qemu_co_queue_init(&req->wait_queue);
QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&job->inflight_reqs, req, list);
}
/* Forget about a completed request */
static void cow_request_end(CowRequest *req)
{
QLIST_REMOVE(req, list);
qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&req->wait_queue);
}
/* Copy range to target with a bounce buffer and return the bytes copied. If
* error occured, return a negative error number */
static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end,
bool is_write_notifier,
bool *error_is_read,
void **bounce_buffer)
{
int ret;
struct iovec iov;
QEMUIOVector qiov;
BlockBackend *blk = job->common.blk;
int nbytes;
hbitmap_reset(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size, 1);
nbytes = MIN(job->cluster_size, job->len - start);
if (!*bounce_buffer) {
*bounce_buffer = blk_blockalign(blk, job->cluster_size);
}
iov.iov_base = *bounce_buffer;
iov.iov_len = nbytes;
qemu_iovec_init_external(&qiov, &iov, 1);
ret = blk_co_preadv(blk, start, qiov.size, &qiov,
is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0);
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_read_fail(job, start, ret);
if (error_is_read) {
*error_is_read = true;
}
goto fail;
}
if (qemu_iovec_is_zero(&qiov)) {
ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(job->target, start,
qiov.size, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
} else {
ret = blk_co_pwritev(job->target, start,
qiov.size, &qiov,
job->compress ? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED : 0);
}
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_write_fail(job, start, ret);
if (error_is_read) {
*error_is_read = false;
}
goto fail;
}
return nbytes;
fail:
hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size, 1);
return ret;
}
/* Copy range to target and return the bytes copied. If error occured, return a
* negative error number. */
static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_offload(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end,
bool is_write_notifier)
{
int ret;
int nr_clusters;
BlockBackend *blk = job->common.blk;
int nbytes;
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(job->copy_range_size, job->cluster_size));
nbytes = MIN(job->copy_range_size, end - start);
nr_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(nbytes, job->cluster_size);
hbitmap_reset(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size,
nr_clusters);
ret = blk_co_copy_range(blk, start, job->target, start, nbytes,
is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0);
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_copy_range_fail(job, start, ret);
hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size,
nr_clusters);
return ret;
}
return nbytes;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_do_cow(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
bool *error_is_read,
bool is_write_notifier)
{
CowRequest cow_request;
int ret = 0;
int64_t start, end; /* bytes */
void *bounce_buffer = NULL;
qemu_co_rwlock_rdlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
start = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, job->cluster_size);
end = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(bytes + offset, job->cluster_size);
trace_backup_do_cow_enter(job, start, offset, bytes);
wait_for_overlapping_requests(job, start, end);
cow_request_begin(&cow_request, job, start, end);
while (start < end) {
if (!hbitmap_get(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size)) {
trace_backup_do_cow_skip(job, start);
start += job->cluster_size;
continue; /* already copied */
}
trace_backup_do_cow_process(job, start);
if (job->use_copy_range) {
ret = backup_cow_with_offload(job, start, end, is_write_notifier);
if (ret < 0) {
job->use_copy_range = false;
}
}
if (!job->use_copy_range) {
ret = backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(job, start, end, is_write_notifier,
error_is_read, &bounce_buffer);
}
if (ret < 0) {
break;
}
/* Publish progress, guest I/O counts as progress too. Note that the
* offset field is an opaque progress value, it is not a disk offset.
*/
start += ret;
job->bytes_read += ret;
job_progress_update(&job->common.job, ret);
ret = 0;
}
if (bounce_buffer) {
qemu_vfree(bounce_buffer);
}
cow_request_end(&cow_request);
trace_backup_do_cow_return(job, offset, bytes, ret);
qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
return ret;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_before_write_notify(
NotifierWithReturn *notifier,
void *opaque)
{
BackupBlockJob *job = container_of(notifier, BackupBlockJob, before_write);
BdrvTrackedRequest *req = opaque;
assert(req->bs == blk_bs(job->common.blk));
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(req->offset, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(req->bytes, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
return backup_do_cow(job, req->offset, req->bytes, NULL, true);
}
static void backup_cleanup_sync_bitmap(BackupBlockJob *job, int ret)
{
BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm;
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(job->common.blk);
if (ret < 0) {
/* Merge the successor back into the parent, delete nothing. */
bm = bdrv_reclaim_dirty_bitmap(bs, job->sync_bitmap, NULL);
assert(bm);
} else {
/* Everything is fine, delete this bitmap and install the backup. */
bm = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_abdicate(bs, job->sync_bitmap, NULL);
assert(bm);
}
}
static void backup_commit(Job *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
if (s->sync_bitmap) {
backup_cleanup_sync_bitmap(s, 0);
}
}
static void backup_abort(Job *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
if (s->sync_bitmap) {
backup_cleanup_sync_bitmap(s, -1);
}
}
static void backup_clean(Job *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common.job);
assert(s->target);
blk_unref(s->target);
s->target = NULL;
}
static void backup_attached_aio_context(BlockJob *job, AioContext *aio_context)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
blk_set_aio_context(s->target, aio_context);
}
void backup_do_checkpoint(BlockJob *job, Error **errp)
{
BackupBlockJob *backup_job = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
int64_t len;
assert(block_job_driver(job) == &backup_job_driver);
if (backup_job->sync_mode != MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_NONE) {
error_setg(errp, "The backup job only supports block checkpoint in"
" sync=none mode");
return;
}
len = DIV_ROUND_UP(backup_job->len, backup_job->cluster_size);
hbitmap_set(backup_job->copy_bitmap, 0, len);
}
void backup_wait_for_overlapping_requests(BlockJob *job, int64_t offset,
uint64_t bytes)
{
BackupBlockJob *backup_job = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
int64_t start, end;
assert(block_job_driver(job) == &backup_job_driver);
start = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, backup_job->cluster_size);
end = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(offset + bytes, backup_job->cluster_size);
wait_for_overlapping_requests(backup_job, start, end);
}
void backup_cow_request_begin(CowRequest *req, BlockJob *job,
int64_t offset, uint64_t bytes)
{
BackupBlockJob *backup_job = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
int64_t start, end;
assert(block_job_driver(job) == &backup_job_driver);
start = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, backup_job->cluster_size);
end = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(offset + bytes, backup_job->cluster_size);
cow_request_begin(req, backup_job, start, end);
}
void backup_cow_request_end(CowRequest *req)
{
cow_request_end(req);
}
static void backup_drain(BlockJob *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
/* Need to keep a reference in case blk_drain triggers execution
* of backup_complete...
*/
if (s->target) {
BlockBackend *target = s->target;
blk_ref(target);
blk_drain(target);
blk_unref(target);
}
}
static BlockErrorAction backup_error_action(BackupBlockJob *job,
bool read, int error)
{
if (read) {
return block_job_error_action(&job->common, job->on_source_error,
true, error);
} else {
return block_job_error_action(&job->common, job->on_target_error,
false, error);
}
}
typedef struct {
int ret;
} BackupCompleteData;
static void backup_complete(Job *job, void *opaque)
{
BackupCompleteData *data = opaque;
job_completed(job, data->ret, NULL);
g_free(data);
}
static bool coroutine_fn yield_and_check(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
uint64_t delay_ns;
if (job_is_cancelled(&job->common.job)) {
return true;
}
/* We need to yield even for delay_ns = 0 so that bdrv_drain_all() can
* return. Without a yield, the VM would not reboot. */
delay_ns = block_job_ratelimit_get_delay(&job->common, job->bytes_read);
job->bytes_read = 0;
job_sleep_ns(&job->common.job, delay_ns);
if (job_is_cancelled(&job->common.job)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_run_incremental(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
int ret;
bool error_is_read;
int64_t cluster;
HBitmapIter hbi;
hbitmap_iter_init(&hbi, job->copy_bitmap, 0);
while ((cluster = hbitmap_iter_next(&hbi, true)) != -1) {
do {
if (yield_and_check(job)) {
return 0;
}
ret = backup_do_cow(job, cluster * job->cluster_size,
job->cluster_size, &error_is_read, false);
if (ret < 0 && backup_error_action(job, error_is_read, -ret) ==
BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_REPORT)
{
return ret;
}
} while (ret < 0);
}
return 0;
}
/* init copy_bitmap from sync_bitmap */
static void backup_incremental_init_copy_bitmap(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
BdrvDirtyBitmapIter *dbi;
int64_t offset;
int64_t end = DIV_ROUND_UP(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(job->sync_bitmap),
job->cluster_size);
dbi = bdrv_dirty_iter_new(job->sync_bitmap);
while ((offset = bdrv_dirty_iter_next(dbi)) != -1) {
int64_t cluster = offset / job->cluster_size;
int64_t next_cluster;
offset += bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(job->sync_bitmap);
if (offset >= bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(job->sync_bitmap)) {
hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, cluster, end - cluster);
break;
}
offset = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next_zero(job->sync_bitmap, offset);
if (offset == -1) {
hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, cluster, end - cluster);
break;
}
next_cluster = DIV_ROUND_UP(offset, job->cluster_size);
hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, cluster, next_cluster - cluster);
if (next_cluster >= end) {
break;
}
bdrv_set_dirty_iter(dbi, next_cluster * job->cluster_size);
}
/* TODO job_progress_set_remaining() would make more sense */
job_progress_update(&job->common.job,
job->len - hbitmap_count(job->copy_bitmap) * job->cluster_size);
bdrv_dirty_iter_free(dbi);
}
static void coroutine_fn backup_run(void *opaque)
{
BackupBlockJob *job = opaque;
BackupCompleteData *data;
BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(job->common.blk);
int64_t offset, nb_clusters;
int ret = 0;
QLIST_INIT(&job->inflight_reqs);
qemu_co_rwlock_init(&job->flush_rwlock);
nb_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(job->len, job->cluster_size);
job_progress_set_remaining(&job->common.job, job->len);
job->copy_bitmap = hbitmap_alloc(nb_clusters, 0);
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL) {
backup_incremental_init_copy_bitmap(job);
} else {
hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, 0, nb_clusters);
}
job->before_write.notify = backup_before_write_notify;
bdrv_add_before_write_notifier(bs, &job->before_write);
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_NONE) {
/* All bits are set in copy_bitmap to allow any cluster to be copied.
* This does not actually require them to be copied. */
while (!job_is_cancelled(&job->common.job)) {
/* Yield until the job is cancelled. We just let our before_write
* notify callback service CoW requests. */
job_yield(&job->common.job);
}
} else if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL) {
ret = backup_run_incremental(job);
} else {
/* Both FULL and TOP SYNC_MODE's require copying.. */
for (offset = 0; offset < job->len;
offset += job->cluster_size) {
bool error_is_read;
int alloced = 0;
if (yield_and_check(job)) {
break;
}
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_TOP) {
int i;
int64_t n;
/* Check to see if these blocks are already in the
* backing file. */
for (i = 0; i < job->cluster_size;) {
/* bdrv_is_allocated() only returns true/false based
* on the first set of sectors it comes across that
* are are all in the same state.
* For that reason we must verify each sector in the
* backup cluster length. We end up copying more than
* needed but at some point that is always the case. */
alloced =
bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset + i,
job->cluster_size - i, &n);
i += n;
if (alloced || n == 0) {
break;
}
}
/* If the above loop never found any sectors that are in
* the topmost image, skip this backup. */
if (alloced == 0) {
continue;
}
}
/* FULL sync mode we copy the whole drive. */
if (alloced < 0) {
ret = alloced;
} else {
ret = backup_do_cow(job, offset, job->cluster_size,
&error_is_read, false);
}
if (ret < 0) {
/* Depending on error action, fail now or retry cluster */
BlockErrorAction action =
backup_error_action(job, error_is_read, -ret);
if (action == BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_REPORT) {
break;
} else {
offset -= job->cluster_size;
continue;
}
}
}
}
notifier_with_return_remove(&job->before_write);
/* wait until pending backup_do_cow() calls have completed */
qemu_co_rwlock_wrlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
hbitmap_free(job->copy_bitmap);
data = g_malloc(sizeof(*data));
data->ret = ret;
job_defer_to_main_loop(&job->common.job, backup_complete, data);
}
static const BlockJobDriver backup_job_driver = {
.job_driver = {
.instance_size = sizeof(BackupBlockJob),
.job_type = JOB_TYPE_BACKUP,
.free = block_job_free,
.user_resume = block_job_user_resume,
.drain = block_job_drain,
.start = backup_run,
.commit = backup_commit,
.abort = backup_abort,
.clean = backup_clean,
},
.attached_aio_context = backup_attached_aio_context,
.drain = backup_drain,
};
BlockJob *backup_job_create(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
BlockDriverState *target, int64_t speed,
MirrorSyncMode sync_mode, BdrvDirtyBitmap *sync_bitmap,
bool compress,
BlockdevOnError on_source_error,
BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
int creation_flags,
BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque,
JobTxn *txn, Error **errp)
{
int64_t len;
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
BackupBlockJob *job = NULL;
int ret;
assert(bs);
assert(target);
if (bs == target) {
error_setg(errp, "Source and target cannot be the same");
return NULL;
}
if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs)) {
error_setg(errp, "Device is not inserted: %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
return NULL;
}
if (!bdrv_is_inserted(target)) {
error_setg(errp, "Device is not inserted: %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(target));
return NULL;
}
if (compress && target->drv->bdrv_co_pwritev_compressed == NULL) {
error_setg(errp, "Compression is not supported for this drive %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(target));
return NULL;
}
if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE, errp)) {
return NULL;
}
if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(target, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_TARGET, errp)) {
return NULL;
}
if (sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL) {
if (!sync_bitmap) {
error_setg(errp, "must provide a valid bitmap name for "
"\"incremental\" sync mode");
return NULL;
}
/* Create a new bitmap, and freeze/disable this one. */
if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_create_successor(bs, sync_bitmap, errp) < 0) {
return NULL;
}
} else if (sync_bitmap) {
error_setg(errp,
"a sync_bitmap was provided to backup_run, "
"but received an incompatible sync_mode (%s)",
MirrorSyncMode_str(sync_mode));
return NULL;
}
len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
if (len < 0) {
error_setg_errno(errp, -len, "unable to get length for '%s'",
bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
goto error;
}
/* job->len is fixed, so we can't allow resize */
job = block_job_create(job_id, &backup_job_driver, txn, bs,
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ,
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE |
BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED | BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD,
speed, creation_flags, cb, opaque, errp);
if (!job) {
goto error;
}
/* The target must match the source in size, so no resize here either */
job->target = blk_new(BLK_PERM_WRITE,
BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE |
BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED | BLK_PERM_GRAPH_MOD);
ret = blk_insert_bs(job->target, target, errp);
if (ret < 0) {
goto error;
}
job->on_source_error = on_source_error;
job->on_target_error = on_target_error;
job->sync_mode = sync_mode;
job->sync_bitmap = sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL ?
sync_bitmap : NULL;
job->compress = compress;
/* If there is no backing file on the target, we cannot rely on COW if our
* backup cluster size is smaller than the target cluster size. Even for
* targets with a backing file, try to avoid COW if possible. */
ret = bdrv_get_info(target, &bdi);
if (ret == -ENOTSUP && !target->backing) {
/* Cluster size is not defined */
warn_report("The target block device doesn't provide "
"information about the block size and it doesn't have a "
"backing file. The default block size of %u bytes is "
"used. If the actual block size of the target exceeds "
"this default, the backup may be unusable",
BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT);
job->cluster_size = BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT;
} else if (ret < 0 && !target->backing) {
error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
"Couldn't determine the cluster size of the target image, "
"which has no backing file");
error_append_hint(errp,
"Aborting, since this may create an unusable destination image\n");
goto error;
} else if (ret < 0 && target->backing) {
/* Not fatal; just trudge on ahead. */
job->cluster_size = BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT;
} else {
job->cluster_size = MAX(BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE_DEFAULT, bdi.cluster_size);
}
job->use_copy_range = true;
job->copy_range_size = MIN_NON_ZERO(blk_get_max_transfer(job->common.blk),
blk_get_max_transfer(job->target));
job->copy_range_size = MAX(job->cluster_size,
QEMU_ALIGN_UP(job->copy_range_size,
job->cluster_size));
/* Required permissions are already taken with target's blk_new() */
block_job_add_bdrv(&job->common, "target", target, 0, BLK_PERM_ALL,
&error_abort);
job->len = len;
return &job->common;
error:
if (sync_bitmap) {
bdrv_reclaim_dirty_bitmap(bs, sync_bitmap, NULL);
}
if (job) {
backup_clean(&job->common.job);
job_early_fail(&job->common.job);
}
return NULL;
}
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