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qemu/hw/arm/boot.c
Tanmay Patil d0a040a8c9 hw: arm: Remove use of tabs in some source files 
Some of the source files for older devices use hardcoded tabs
instead of our current coding standard's required spaces.
Fix these in the following files:
	- hw/arm/boot.c
	- hw/char/omap_uart.c
	- hw/gpio/zaurus.c
	- hw/input/tsc2005.c

This commit is mostly whitespace-only changes; it also
adds curly-braces to some 'if' statements.

This addresses part of https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues/373
but some other files remain to be handled.

Signed-off-by: Tanmay Patil <tanmaynpatil105@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20240508081502.88375-1-tanmaynpatil105@gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
[PMM: tweaked commit message]
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
2024-05-28 14:20:48 +01:00

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/*
* ARM kernel loader.
*
* Copyright (c) 2006-2007 CodeSourcery.
* Written by Paul Brook
*
* This code is licensed under the GPL.
*/
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qemu/datadir.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include <libfdt.h>
#include "hw/arm/boot.h"
#include "hw/arm/linux-boot-if.h"
#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
#include "sysemu/tcg.h"
#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
#include "sysemu/numa.h"
#include "hw/boards.h"
#include "sysemu/reset.h"
#include "hw/loader.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
#include "qemu/config-file.h"
#include "qemu/option.h"
#include "qemu/units.h"
/* Kernel boot protocol is specified in the kernel docs
* Documentation/arm/Booting and Documentation/arm64/booting.txt
* They have different preferred image load offsets from system RAM base.
*/
#define KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR 0x100
#define KERNEL_NOLOAD_ADDR 0x02000000
#define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00010000
#define KERNEL64_LOAD_ADDR 0x00080000
#define ARM64_TEXT_OFFSET_OFFSET 8
#define ARM64_MAGIC_OFFSET 56
#define BOOTLOADER_MAX_SIZE (4 * KiB)
AddressSpace *arm_boot_address_space(ARMCPU *cpu,
const struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
/* Return the address space to use for bootloader reads and writes.
* We prefer the secure address space if the CPU has it and we're
* going to boot the guest into it.
*/
int asidx;
CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_EL3) && info->secure_boot) {
asidx = ARMASIdx_S;
} else {
asidx = ARMASIdx_NS;
}
return cpu_get_address_space(cs, asidx);
}
static const ARMInsnFixup bootloader_aarch64[] = {
{ 0x580000c0 }, /* ldr x0, arg ; Load the lower 32-bits of DTB */
{ 0xaa1f03e1 }, /* mov x1, xzr */
{ 0xaa1f03e2 }, /* mov x2, xzr */
{ 0xaa1f03e3 }, /* mov x3, xzr */
{ 0x58000084 }, /* ldr x4, entry ; Load the lower 32-bits of kernel entry */
{ 0xd61f0080 }, /* br x4 ; Jump to the kernel entry point */
{ 0, FIXUP_ARGPTR_LO }, /* arg: .word @DTB Lower 32-bits */
{ 0, FIXUP_ARGPTR_HI}, /* .word @DTB Higher 32-bits */
{ 0, FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_LO }, /* entry: .word @Kernel Entry Lower 32-bits */
{ 0, FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_HI }, /* .word @Kernel Entry Higher 32-bits */
{ 0, FIXUP_TERMINATOR }
};
/* A very small bootloader: call the board-setup code (if needed),
* set r0-r2, then jump to the kernel.
* If we're not calling boot setup code then we don't copy across
* the first BOOTLOADER_NO_BOARD_SETUP_OFFSET insns in this array.
*/
static const ARMInsnFixup bootloader[] = {
{ 0xe28fe004 }, /* add lr, pc, #4 */
{ 0xe51ff004 }, /* ldr pc, [pc, #-4] */
{ 0, FIXUP_BOARD_SETUP },
#define BOOTLOADER_NO_BOARD_SETUP_OFFSET 3
{ 0xe3a00000 }, /* mov r0, #0 */
{ 0xe59f1004 }, /* ldr r1, [pc, #4] */
{ 0xe59f2004 }, /* ldr r2, [pc, #4] */
{ 0xe59ff004 }, /* ldr pc, [pc, #4] */
{ 0, FIXUP_BOARDID },
{ 0, FIXUP_ARGPTR_LO },
{ 0, FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_LO },
{ 0, FIXUP_TERMINATOR }
};
/* Handling for secondary CPU boot in a multicore system.
* Unlike the uniprocessor/primary CPU boot, this is platform
* dependent. The default code here is based on the secondary
* CPU boot protocol used on realview/vexpress boards, with
* some parameterisation to increase its flexibility.
* QEMU platform models for which this code is not appropriate
* should override write_secondary_boot and secondary_cpu_reset_hook
* instead.
*
* This code enables the interrupt controllers for the secondary
* CPUs and then puts all the secondary CPUs into a loop waiting
* for an interprocessor interrupt and polling a configurable
* location for the kernel secondary CPU entry point.
*/
#define DSB_INSN 0xf57ff04f
#define CP15_DSB_INSN 0xee070f9a /* mcr cp15, 0, r0, c7, c10, 4 */
static const ARMInsnFixup smpboot[] = {
{ 0xe59f2028 }, /* ldr r2, gic_cpu_if */
{ 0xe59f0028 }, /* ldr r0, bootreg_addr */
{ 0xe3a01001 }, /* mov r1, #1 */
{ 0xe5821000 }, /* str r1, [r2] - set GICC_CTLR.Enable */
{ 0xe3a010ff }, /* mov r1, #0xff */
{ 0xe5821004 }, /* str r1, [r2, 4] - set GIC_PMR.Priority to 0xff */
{ 0, FIXUP_DSB }, /* dsb */
{ 0xe320f003 }, /* wfi */
{ 0xe5901000 }, /* ldr r1, [r0] */
{ 0xe1110001 }, /* tst r1, r1 */
{ 0x0afffffb }, /* beq <wfi> */
{ 0xe12fff11 }, /* bx r1 */
{ 0, FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF }, /* gic_cpu_if: .word 0x.... */
{ 0, FIXUP_BOOTREG }, /* bootreg_addr: .word 0x.... */
{ 0, FIXUP_TERMINATOR }
};
void arm_write_bootloader(const char *name,
AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr,
const ARMInsnFixup *insns,
const uint32_t *fixupcontext)
{
/* Fix up the specified bootloader fragment and write it into
* guest memory using rom_add_blob_fixed(). fixupcontext is
* an array giving the values to write in for the fixup types
* which write a value into the code array.
*/
int i, len;
uint32_t *code;
len = 0;
while (insns[len].fixup != FIXUP_TERMINATOR) {
len++;
}
code = g_new0(uint32_t, len);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
uint32_t insn = insns[i].insn;
FixupType fixup = insns[i].fixup;
switch (fixup) {
case FIXUP_NONE:
break;
case FIXUP_BOARDID:
case FIXUP_BOARD_SETUP:
case FIXUP_ARGPTR_LO:
case FIXUP_ARGPTR_HI:
case FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_LO:
case FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_HI:
case FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF:
case FIXUP_BOOTREG:
case FIXUP_DSB:
insn = fixupcontext[fixup];
break;
default:
abort();
}
code[i] = tswap32(insn);
}
assert((len * sizeof(uint32_t)) < BOOTLOADER_MAX_SIZE);
rom_add_blob_fixed_as(name, code, len * sizeof(uint32_t), addr, as);
g_free(code);
}
static void default_write_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu,
const struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
uint32_t fixupcontext[FIXUP_MAX];
AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
fixupcontext[FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF] = info->gic_cpu_if_addr;
fixupcontext[FIXUP_BOOTREG] = info->smp_bootreg_addr;
if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_V7)) {
fixupcontext[FIXUP_DSB] = DSB_INSN;
} else {
fixupcontext[FIXUP_DSB] = CP15_DSB_INSN;
}
arm_write_bootloader("smpboot", as, info->smp_loader_start,
smpboot, fixupcontext);
}
void arm_write_secure_board_setup_dummy_smc(ARMCPU *cpu,
const struct arm_boot_info *info,
hwaddr mvbar_addr)
{
AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
int n;
uint32_t mvbar_blob[] = {
/* mvbar_addr: secure monitor vectors
* Default unimplemented and unused vectors to spin. Makes it
* easier to debug (as opposed to the CPU running away).
*/
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
0xe1b0f00e, /* movs pc, lr ;SMC exception return */
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
0xeafffffe, /* (spin) */
};
uint32_t board_setup_blob[] = {
/* board setup addr */
0xee110f51, /* mrc p15, 0, r0, c1, c1, 2 ;read NSACR */
0xe3800b03, /* orr r0, #0xc00 ;set CP11, CP10 */
0xee010f51, /* mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c1, 2 ;write NSACR */
0xe3a00e00 + (mvbar_addr >> 4), /* mov r0, #mvbar_addr */
0xee0c0f30, /* mcr p15, 0, r0, c12, c0, 1 ;set MVBAR */
0xee110f11, /* mrc p15, 0, r0, c1 , c1, 0 ;read SCR */
0xe3800031, /* orr r0, #0x31 ;enable AW, FW, NS */
0xee010f11, /* mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c1, 0 ;write SCR */
0xe1a0100e, /* mov r1, lr ;save LR across SMC */
0xe1600070, /* smc #0 ;call monitor to flush SCR */
0xe1a0f001, /* mov pc, r1 ;return */
};
/* check that mvbar_addr is correctly aligned and relocatable (using MOV) */
assert((mvbar_addr & 0x1f) == 0 && (mvbar_addr >> 4) < 0x100);
/* check that these blobs don't overlap */
assert((mvbar_addr + sizeof(mvbar_blob) <= info->board_setup_addr)
|| (info->board_setup_addr + sizeof(board_setup_blob) <= mvbar_addr));
for (n = 0; n < ARRAY_SIZE(mvbar_blob); n++) {
mvbar_blob[n] = tswap32(mvbar_blob[n]);
}
rom_add_blob_fixed_as("board-setup-mvbar", mvbar_blob, sizeof(mvbar_blob),
mvbar_addr, as);
for (n = 0; n < ARRAY_SIZE(board_setup_blob); n++) {
board_setup_blob[n] = tswap32(board_setup_blob[n]);
}
rom_add_blob_fixed_as("board-setup", board_setup_blob,
sizeof(board_setup_blob), info->board_setup_addr, as);
}
static void default_reset_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu,
const struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
address_space_stl_notdirty(as, info->smp_bootreg_addr,
0, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED, NULL);
cpu_set_pc(cs, info->smp_loader_start);
}
static inline bool have_dtb(const struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
return info->dtb_filename || info->get_dtb;
}
#define WRITE_WORD(p, value) do { \
address_space_stl_notdirty(as, p, value, \
MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED, NULL); \
p += 4; \
} while (0)
static void set_kernel_args(const struct arm_boot_info *info, AddressSpace *as)
{
int initrd_size = info->initrd_size;
hwaddr base = info->loader_start;
hwaddr p;
p = base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
/* ATAG_CORE */
WRITE_WORD(p, 5);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410001);
WRITE_WORD(p, 1);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0x1000);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* ATAG_MEM */
/* TODO: handle multiple chips on one ATAG list */
WRITE_WORD(p, 4);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410002);
WRITE_WORD(p, info->ram_size);
WRITE_WORD(p, info->loader_start);
if (initrd_size) {
/* ATAG_INITRD2 */
WRITE_WORD(p, 4);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54420005);
WRITE_WORD(p, info->initrd_start);
WRITE_WORD(p, initrd_size);
}
if (info->kernel_cmdline && *info->kernel_cmdline) {
/* ATAG_CMDLINE */
int cmdline_size;
cmdline_size = strlen(info->kernel_cmdline);
address_space_write(as, p + 8, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED,
info->kernel_cmdline, cmdline_size + 1);
cmdline_size = (cmdline_size >> 2) + 1;
WRITE_WORD(p, cmdline_size + 2);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0x54410009);
p += cmdline_size * 4;
}
if (info->atag_board) {
/* ATAG_BOARD */
int atag_board_len;
uint8_t atag_board_buf[0x1000];
atag_board_len = (info->atag_board(info, atag_board_buf) + 3) & ~3;
WRITE_WORD(p, (atag_board_len + 8) >> 2);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0x414f4d50);
address_space_write(as, p, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED,
atag_board_buf, atag_board_len);
p += atag_board_len;
}
/* ATAG_END */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
}
static void set_kernel_args_old(const struct arm_boot_info *info,
AddressSpace *as)
{
hwaddr p;
const char *s;
int initrd_size = info->initrd_size;
hwaddr base = info->loader_start;
/* see linux/include/asm-arm/setup.h */
p = base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
/* page_size */
WRITE_WORD(p, 4096);
/* nr_pages */
WRITE_WORD(p, info->ram_size / 4096);
/* ramdisk_size */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
#define FLAG_READONLY 1
#define FLAG_RDLOAD 4
#define FLAG_RDPROMPT 8
/* flags */
WRITE_WORD(p, FLAG_READONLY | FLAG_RDLOAD | FLAG_RDPROMPT);
/* rootdev */
WRITE_WORD(p, (31 << 8) | 0); /* /dev/mtdblock0 */
/* video_num_cols */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* video_num_rows */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* video_x */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* video_y */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* memc_control_reg */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* unsigned char sounddefault */
/* unsigned char adfsdrives */
/* unsigned char bytes_per_char_h */
/* unsigned char bytes_per_char_v */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* pages_in_bank[4] */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* pages_in_vram */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* initrd_start */
if (initrd_size) {
WRITE_WORD(p, info->initrd_start);
} else {
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
}
/* initrd_size */
WRITE_WORD(p, initrd_size);
/* rd_start */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* system_rev */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* system_serial_low */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* system_serial_high */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* mem_fclk_21285 */
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
/* zero unused fields */
while (p < base + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR + 256 + 1024) {
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
}
s = info->kernel_cmdline;
if (s) {
address_space_write(as, p, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED, s, strlen(s) + 1);
} else {
WRITE_WORD(p, 0);
}
}
static int fdt_add_memory_node(void *fdt, uint32_t acells, hwaddr mem_base,
uint32_t scells, hwaddr mem_len,
int numa_node_id)
{
char *nodename;
int ret;
nodename = g_strdup_printf("/memory@%" PRIx64, mem_base);
qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "device_type", "memory");
ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg", acells, mem_base,
scells, mem_len);
if (ret < 0) {
goto out;
}
/* only set the NUMA ID if it is specified */
if (numa_node_id >= 0) {
ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename,
"numa-node-id", numa_node_id);
}
out:
g_free(nodename);
return ret;
}
static void fdt_add_psci_node(void *fdt)
{
uint32_t cpu_suspend_fn;
uint32_t cpu_off_fn;
uint32_t cpu_on_fn;
uint32_t migrate_fn;
ARMCPU *armcpu = ARM_CPU(qemu_get_cpu(0));
const char *psci_method;
int64_t psci_conduit;
int rc;
psci_conduit = object_property_get_int(OBJECT(armcpu),
"psci-conduit",
&error_abort);
switch (psci_conduit) {
case QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED:
return;
case QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_HVC:
psci_method = "hvc";
break;
case QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_SMC:
psci_method = "smc";
break;
default:
g_assert_not_reached();
}
/*
* A pre-existing /psci node might specify function ID values
* that don't match QEMU's PSCI implementation. Delete the whole
* node and put our own in instead.
*/
rc = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/psci");
if (rc >= 0) {
qemu_fdt_nop_node(fdt, "/psci");
}
qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/psci");
if (armcpu->psci_version >= QEMU_PSCI_VERSION_0_2) {
if (armcpu->psci_version < QEMU_PSCI_VERSION_1_0) {
const char comp[] = "arm,psci-0.2\0arm,psci";
qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/psci", "compatible", comp, sizeof(comp));
} else {
const char comp[] = "arm,psci-1.0\0arm,psci-0.2\0arm,psci";
qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/psci", "compatible", comp, sizeof(comp));
}
cpu_off_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN_CPU_OFF;
if (arm_feature(&armcpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_AARCH64)) {
cpu_suspend_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN64_CPU_SUSPEND;
cpu_on_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN64_CPU_ON;
migrate_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN64_MIGRATE;
} else {
cpu_suspend_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN_CPU_SUSPEND;
cpu_on_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN_CPU_ON;
migrate_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_2_FN_MIGRATE;
}
} else {
qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/psci", "compatible", "arm,psci");
cpu_suspend_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_1_FN_CPU_SUSPEND;
cpu_off_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_1_FN_CPU_OFF;
cpu_on_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_1_FN_CPU_ON;
migrate_fn = QEMU_PSCI_0_1_FN_MIGRATE;
}
/* We adopt the PSCI spec's nomenclature, and use 'conduit' to refer
* to the instruction that should be used to invoke PSCI functions.
* However, the device tree binding uses 'method' instead, so that is
* what we should use here.
*/
qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/psci", "method", psci_method);
qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_suspend", cpu_suspend_fn);
qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_off", cpu_off_fn);
qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_on", cpu_on_fn);
qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "migrate", migrate_fn);
}
int arm_load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo,
hwaddr addr_limit, AddressSpace *as, MachineState *ms)
{
void *fdt = NULL;
int size, rc, n = 0;
uint32_t acells, scells;
unsigned int i;
hwaddr mem_base, mem_len;
char **node_path;
Error *err = NULL;
if (binfo->dtb_filename) {
char *filename;
filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, binfo->dtb_filename);
if (!filename) {
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open dtb file %s\n", binfo->dtb_filename);
goto fail;
}
fdt = load_device_tree(filename, &size);
if (!fdt) {
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open dtb file %s\n", filename);
g_free(filename);
goto fail;
}
g_free(filename);
} else {
fdt = binfo->get_dtb(binfo, &size);
if (!fdt) {
fprintf(stderr, "Board was unable to create a dtb blob\n");
goto fail;
}
}
if (addr_limit > addr && size > (addr_limit - addr)) {
/* Installing the device tree blob at addr would exceed addr_limit.
* Whether this constitutes failure is up to the caller to decide,
* so just return 0 as size, i.e., no error.
*/
g_free(fdt);
return 0;
}
acells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells",
NULL, &error_fatal);
scells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells",
NULL, &error_fatal);
if (acells == 0 || scells == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "dtb file invalid (#address-cells or #size-cells 0)\n");
goto fail;
}
if (scells < 2 && binfo->ram_size >= 4 * GiB) {
/* This is user error so deserves a friendlier error message
* than the failure of setprop_sized_cells would provide
*/
fprintf(stderr, "qemu: dtb file not compatible with "
"RAM size > 4GB\n");
goto fail;
}
/* nop all root nodes matching /memory or /memory@unit-address */
node_path = qemu_fdt_node_unit_path(fdt, "memory", &err);
if (err) {
error_report_err(err);
goto fail;
}
while (node_path[n]) {
if (g_str_has_prefix(node_path[n], "/memory")) {
qemu_fdt_nop_node(fdt, node_path[n]);
}
n++;
}
g_strfreev(node_path);
/*
* We drop all the memory nodes which correspond to empty NUMA nodes
* from the device tree, because the Linux NUMA binding document
* states they should not be generated. Linux will get the NUMA node
* IDs of the empty NUMA nodes from the distance map if they are needed.
* This means QEMU users may be obliged to provide command lines which
* configure distance maps when the empty NUMA node IDs are needed and
* Linux's default distance map isn't sufficient.
*/
if (ms->numa_state != NULL && ms->numa_state->num_nodes > 0) {
mem_base = binfo->loader_start;
for (i = 0; i < ms->numa_state->num_nodes; i++) {
mem_len = ms->numa_state->nodes[i].node_mem;
if (!mem_len) {
continue;
}
rc = fdt_add_memory_node(fdt, acells, mem_base,
scells, mem_len, i);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "couldn't add /memory@%"PRIx64" node\n",
mem_base);
goto fail;
}
mem_base += mem_len;
}
} else {
rc = fdt_add_memory_node(fdt, acells, binfo->loader_start,
scells, binfo->ram_size, -1);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "couldn't add /memory@%"PRIx64" node\n",
binfo->loader_start);
goto fail;
}
}
rc = fdt_path_offset(fdt, "/chosen");
if (rc < 0) {
qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
}
if (ms->kernel_cmdline && *ms->kernel_cmdline) {
rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
ms->kernel_cmdline);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
goto fail;
}
}
if (binfo->initrd_size) {
rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
acells, binfo->initrd_start);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-start\n");
goto fail;
}
rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
acells,
binfo->initrd_start +
binfo->initrd_size);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-end\n");
goto fail;
}
}
fdt_add_psci_node(fdt);
if (binfo->modify_dtb) {
binfo->modify_dtb(binfo, fdt);
}
qemu_fdt_dumpdtb(fdt, size);
/* Put the DTB into the memory map as a ROM image: this will ensure
* the DTB is copied again upon reset, even if addr points into RAM.
*/
rom_add_blob_fixed_as("dtb", fdt, size, addr, as);
qemu_register_reset_nosnapshotload(qemu_fdt_randomize_seeds,
rom_ptr_for_as(as, addr, size));
if (fdt != ms->fdt) {
g_free(ms->fdt);
ms->fdt = fdt;
}
return size;
fail:
g_free(fdt);
return -1;
}
static void do_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
{
ARMCPU *cpu = opaque;
CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
const struct arm_boot_info *info = env->boot_info;
cpu_reset(cs);
if (info) {
if (!info->is_linux) {
int i;
/* Jump to the entry point. */
uint64_t entry = info->entry;
switch (info->endianness) {
case ARM_ENDIANNESS_LE:
env->cp15.sctlr_el[1] &= ~SCTLR_E0E;
for (i = 1; i < 4; ++i) {
env->cp15.sctlr_el[i] &= ~SCTLR_EE;
}
env->uncached_cpsr &= ~CPSR_E;
break;
case ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE8:
env->cp15.sctlr_el[1] |= SCTLR_E0E;
for (i = 1; i < 4; ++i) {
env->cp15.sctlr_el[i] |= SCTLR_EE;
}
env->uncached_cpsr |= CPSR_E;
break;
case ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE32:
env->cp15.sctlr_el[1] |= SCTLR_B;
break;
case ARM_ENDIANNESS_UNKNOWN:
break; /* Board's decision */
default:
g_assert_not_reached();
}
cpu_set_pc(cs, entry);
} else {
/*
* If we are booting Linux then we might need to do so at:
* - AArch64 NS EL2 or NS EL1
* - AArch32 Secure SVC (EL3)
* - AArch32 NS Hyp (EL2)
* - AArch32 NS SVC (EL1)
* Configure the CPU in the way boot firmware would do to
* drop us down to the appropriate level.
*/
int target_el = arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL2) ? 2 : 1;
if (env->aarch64) {
/*
* AArch64 kernels never boot in secure mode, and we don't
* support the secure_board_setup hook for AArch64.
*/
assert(!info->secure_boot);
assert(!info->secure_board_setup);
} else {
if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL3) &&
(info->secure_boot ||
(info->secure_board_setup && cs == first_cpu))) {
/* Start this CPU in Secure SVC */
target_el = 3;
}
}
arm_emulate_firmware_reset(cs, target_el);
if (cs == first_cpu) {
AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
cpu_set_pc(cs, info->loader_start);
if (!have_dtb(info)) {
if (old_param) {
set_kernel_args_old(info, as);
} else {
set_kernel_args(info, as);
}
}
} else if (info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook) {
info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook(cpu, info);
}
}
if (tcg_enabled()) {
arm_rebuild_hflags(env);
}
}
}
static int do_arm_linux_init(Object *obj, void *opaque)
{
if (object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ARM_LINUX_BOOT_IF)) {
ARMLinuxBootIf *albif = ARM_LINUX_BOOT_IF(obj);
ARMLinuxBootIfClass *albifc = ARM_LINUX_BOOT_IF_GET_CLASS(obj);
struct arm_boot_info *info = opaque;
if (albifc->arm_linux_init) {
albifc->arm_linux_init(albif, info->secure_boot);
}
}
return 0;
}
static ssize_t arm_load_elf(struct arm_boot_info *info, uint64_t *pentry,
uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr,
int elf_machine, AddressSpace *as)
{
bool elf_is64;
union {
Elf32_Ehdr h32;
Elf64_Ehdr h64;
} elf_header;
int data_swab = 0;
bool big_endian;
ssize_t ret = -1;
Error *err = NULL;
load_elf_hdr(info->kernel_filename, &elf_header, &elf_is64, &err);
if (err) {
error_free(err);
return ret;
}
if (elf_is64) {
big_endian = elf_header.h64.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB;
info->endianness = big_endian ? ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE8
: ARM_ENDIANNESS_LE;
} else {
big_endian = elf_header.h32.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB;
if (big_endian) {
if (bswap32(elf_header.h32.e_flags) & EF_ARM_BE8) {
info->endianness = ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE8;
} else {
info->endianness = ARM_ENDIANNESS_BE32;
/* In BE32, the CPU has a different view of the per-byte
* address map than the rest of the system. BE32 ELF files
* are organised such that they can be programmed through
* the CPU's per-word byte-reversed view of the world. QEMU
* however loads ELF files independently of the CPU. So
* tell the ELF loader to byte reverse the data for us.
*/
data_swab = 2;
}
} else {
info->endianness = ARM_ENDIANNESS_LE;
}
}
ret = load_elf_as(info->kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
pentry, lowaddr, highaddr, NULL, big_endian, elf_machine,
1, data_swab, as);
if (ret <= 0) {
/* The header loaded but the image didn't */
exit(1);
}
return ret;
}
static uint64_t load_aarch64_image(const char *filename, hwaddr mem_base,
hwaddr *entry, AddressSpace *as)
{
hwaddr kernel_load_offset = KERNEL64_LOAD_ADDR;
uint64_t kernel_size = 0;
uint8_t *buffer;
int size;
/* On aarch64, it's the bootloader's job to uncompress the kernel. */
size = load_image_gzipped_buffer(filename, LOAD_IMAGE_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES,
&buffer);
if (size < 0) {
gsize len;
/* Load as raw file otherwise */
if (!g_file_get_contents(filename, (char **)&buffer, &len, NULL)) {
return -1;
}
size = len;
/* Unpack the image if it is a EFI zboot image */
if (unpack_efi_zboot_image(&buffer, &size) < 0) {
g_free(buffer);
return -1;
}
}
/* check the arm64 magic header value -- very old kernels may not have it */
if (size > ARM64_MAGIC_OFFSET + 4 &&
memcmp(buffer + ARM64_MAGIC_OFFSET, "ARM\x64", 4) == 0) {
uint64_t hdrvals[2];
/* The arm64 Image header has text_offset and image_size fields at 8 and
* 16 bytes into the Image header, respectively. The text_offset field
* is only valid if the image_size is non-zero.
*/
memcpy(&hdrvals, buffer + ARM64_TEXT_OFFSET_OFFSET, sizeof(hdrvals));
kernel_size = le64_to_cpu(hdrvals[1]);
if (kernel_size != 0) {
kernel_load_offset = le64_to_cpu(hdrvals[0]);
/*
* We write our startup "bootloader" at the very bottom of RAM,
* so that bit can't be used for the image. Luckily the Image
* format specification is that the image requests only an offset
* from a 2MB boundary, not an absolute load address. So if the
* image requests an offset that might mean it overlaps with the
* bootloader, we can just load it starting at 2MB+offset rather
* than 0MB + offset.
*/
if (kernel_load_offset < BOOTLOADER_MAX_SIZE) {
kernel_load_offset += 2 * MiB;
}
}
}
/*
* Kernels before v3.17 don't populate the image_size field, and
* raw images have no header. For those our best guess at the size
* is the size of the Image file itself.
*/
if (kernel_size == 0) {
kernel_size = size;
}
*entry = mem_base + kernel_load_offset;
rom_add_blob_fixed_as(filename, buffer, size, *entry, as);
g_free(buffer);
return kernel_size;
}
static void arm_setup_direct_kernel_boot(ARMCPU *cpu,
struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
/* Set up for a direct boot of a kernel image file. */
CPUState *cs;
AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
ssize_t kernel_size;
int initrd_size;
int is_linux = 0;
uint64_t elf_entry;
/* Addresses of first byte used and first byte not used by the image */
uint64_t image_low_addr = 0, image_high_addr = 0;
int elf_machine;
hwaddr entry;
static const ARMInsnFixup *primary_loader;
uint64_t ram_end = info->loader_start + info->ram_size;
if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_AARCH64)) {
primary_loader = bootloader_aarch64;
elf_machine = EM_AARCH64;
} else {
primary_loader = bootloader;
if (!info->write_board_setup) {
primary_loader += BOOTLOADER_NO_BOARD_SETUP_OFFSET;
}
elf_machine = EM_ARM;
}
/* Assume that raw images are linux kernels, and ELF images are not. */
kernel_size = arm_load_elf(info, &elf_entry, &image_low_addr,
&image_high_addr, elf_machine, as);
if (kernel_size > 0 && have_dtb(info)) {
/*
* If there is still some room left at the base of RAM, try and put
* the DTB there like we do for images loaded with -bios or -pflash.
*/
if (image_low_addr > info->loader_start
|| image_high_addr < info->loader_start) {
/*
* Set image_low_addr as address limit for arm_load_dtb if it may be
* pointing into RAM, otherwise pass '0' (no limit)
*/
if (image_low_addr < info->loader_start) {
image_low_addr = 0;
}
info->dtb_start = info->loader_start;
info->dtb_limit = image_low_addr;
}
}
entry = elf_entry;
if (kernel_size < 0) {
uint64_t loadaddr = info->loader_start + KERNEL_NOLOAD_ADDR;
kernel_size = load_uimage_as(info->kernel_filename, &entry, &loadaddr,
&is_linux, NULL, NULL, as);
if (kernel_size >= 0) {
image_low_addr = loadaddr;
image_high_addr = image_low_addr + kernel_size;
}
}
if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_AARCH64) && kernel_size < 0) {
kernel_size = load_aarch64_image(info->kernel_filename,
info->loader_start, &entry, as);
is_linux = 1;
if (kernel_size >= 0) {
image_low_addr = entry;
image_high_addr = image_low_addr + kernel_size;
}
} else if (kernel_size < 0) {
/* 32-bit ARM */
entry = info->loader_start + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
kernel_size = load_image_targphys_as(info->kernel_filename, entry,
ram_end - KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR, as);
is_linux = 1;
if (kernel_size >= 0) {
image_low_addr = entry;
image_high_addr = image_low_addr + kernel_size;
}
}
if (kernel_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", info->kernel_filename);
exit(1);
}
if (kernel_size > info->ram_size) {
error_report("kernel '%s' is too large to fit in RAM "
"(kernel size %zd, RAM size %" PRId64 ")",
info->kernel_filename, kernel_size, info->ram_size);
exit(1);
}
info->entry = entry;
/*
* We want to put the initrd far enough into RAM that when the
* kernel is uncompressed it will not clobber the initrd. However
* on boards without much RAM we must ensure that we still leave
* enough room for a decent sized initrd, and on boards with large
* amounts of RAM we must avoid the initrd being so far up in RAM
* that it is outside lowmem and inaccessible to the kernel.
* So for boards with less than 256MB of RAM we put the initrd
* halfway into RAM, and for boards with 256MB of RAM or more we put
* the initrd at 128MB.
* We also refuse to put the initrd somewhere that will definitely
* overlay the kernel we just loaded, though for kernel formats which
* don't tell us their exact size (eg self-decompressing 32-bit kernels)
* we might still make a bad choice here.
*/
info->initrd_start = info->loader_start +
MIN(info->ram_size / 2, 128 * MiB);
if (image_high_addr) {
info->initrd_start = MAX(info->initrd_start, image_high_addr);
}
info->initrd_start = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(info->initrd_start);
if (is_linux) {
uint32_t fixupcontext[FIXUP_MAX];
if (info->initrd_filename) {
if (info->initrd_start >= ram_end) {
error_report("not enough space after kernel to load initrd");
exit(1);
}
initrd_size = load_ramdisk_as(info->initrd_filename,
info->initrd_start,
ram_end - info->initrd_start, as);
if (initrd_size < 0) {
initrd_size = load_image_targphys_as(info->initrd_filename,
info->initrd_start,
ram_end -
info->initrd_start,
as);
}
if (initrd_size < 0) {
error_report("could not load initrd '%s'",
info->initrd_filename);
exit(1);
}
if (info->initrd_start + initrd_size > ram_end) {
error_report("could not load initrd '%s': "
"too big to fit into RAM after the kernel",
info->initrd_filename);
exit(1);
}
} else {
initrd_size = 0;
}
info->initrd_size = initrd_size;
fixupcontext[FIXUP_BOARDID] = info->board_id;
fixupcontext[FIXUP_BOARD_SETUP] = info->board_setup_addr;
/*
* for device tree boot, we pass the DTB directly in r2. Otherwise
* we point to the kernel args.
*/
if (have_dtb(info)) {
hwaddr align;
if (elf_machine == EM_AARCH64) {
/*
* Some AArch64 kernels on early bootup map the fdt region as
*
* [ ALIGN_DOWN(fdt, 2MB) ... ALIGN_DOWN(fdt, 2MB) + 2MB ]
*
* Let's play safe and prealign it to 2MB to give us some space.
*/
align = 2 * MiB;
} else {
/*
* Some 32bit kernels will trash anything in the 4K page the
* initrd ends in, so make sure the DTB isn't caught up in that.
*/
align = 4 * KiB;
}
/* Place the DTB after the initrd in memory with alignment. */
info->dtb_start = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(info->initrd_start + initrd_size,
align);
if (info->dtb_start >= ram_end) {
error_report("Not enough space for DTB after kernel/initrd");
exit(1);
}
fixupcontext[FIXUP_ARGPTR_LO] = info->dtb_start;
fixupcontext[FIXUP_ARGPTR_HI] = info->dtb_start >> 32;
} else {
fixupcontext[FIXUP_ARGPTR_LO] =
info->loader_start + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
fixupcontext[FIXUP_ARGPTR_HI] =
(info->loader_start + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR) >> 32;
if (info->ram_size >= 4 * GiB) {
error_report("RAM size must be less than 4GB to boot"
" Linux kernel using ATAGS (try passing a device tree"
" using -dtb)");
exit(1);
}
}
fixupcontext[FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_LO] = entry;
fixupcontext[FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT_HI] = entry >> 32;
arm_write_bootloader("bootloader", as, info->loader_start,
primary_loader, fixupcontext);
if (info->write_board_setup) {
info->write_board_setup(cpu, info);
}
/*
* Notify devices which need to fake up firmware initialization
* that we're doing a direct kernel boot.
*/
object_child_foreach_recursive(object_get_root(),
do_arm_linux_init, info);
}
info->is_linux = is_linux;
for (cs = first_cpu; cs; cs = CPU_NEXT(cs)) {
ARM_CPU(cs)->env.boot_info = info;
}
}
static void arm_setup_firmware_boot(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
/* Set up for booting firmware (which might load a kernel via fw_cfg) */
if (have_dtb(info)) {
/*
* If we have a device tree blob, but no kernel to supply it to (or
* the kernel is supposed to be loaded by the bootloader), copy the
* DTB to the base of RAM for the bootloader to pick up.
*/
info->dtb_start = info->loader_start;
}
if (info->kernel_filename) {
FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
bool try_decompressing_kernel;
fw_cfg = fw_cfg_find();
if (!fw_cfg) {
error_report("This machine type does not support loading both "
"a guest firmware/BIOS image and a guest kernel at "
"the same time. You should change your QEMU command "
"line to specify one or the other, but not both.");
exit(1);
}
try_decompressing_kernel = arm_feature(&cpu->env,
ARM_FEATURE_AARCH64);
/*
* Expose the kernel, the command line, and the initrd in fw_cfg.
* We don't process them here at all, it's all left to the
* firmware.
*/
load_image_to_fw_cfg(fw_cfg,
FW_CFG_KERNEL_SIZE, FW_CFG_KERNEL_DATA,
info->kernel_filename,
try_decompressing_kernel);
load_image_to_fw_cfg(fw_cfg,
FW_CFG_INITRD_SIZE, FW_CFG_INITRD_DATA,
info->initrd_filename, false);
if (info->kernel_cmdline) {
fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_SIZE,
strlen(info->kernel_cmdline) + 1);
fw_cfg_add_string(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_DATA,
info->kernel_cmdline);
}
}
/*
* We will start from address 0 (typically a boot ROM image) in the
* same way as hardware. Leave env->boot_info NULL, so that
* do_cpu_reset() knows it does not need to alter the PC on reset.
*/
}
void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, MachineState *ms, struct arm_boot_info *info)
{
CPUState *cs;
AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
int boot_el;
CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
int nb_cpus = 0;
/*
* CPU objects (unlike devices) are not automatically reset on system
* reset, so we must always register a handler to do so. If we're
* actually loading a kernel, the handler is also responsible for
* arranging that we start it correctly.
*/
for (cs = first_cpu; cs; cs = CPU_NEXT(cs)) {
qemu_register_reset(do_cpu_reset, ARM_CPU(cs));
nb_cpus++;
}
/*
* The board code is not supposed to set secure_board_setup unless
* running its code in secure mode is actually possible, and KVM
* doesn't support secure.
*/
assert(!(info->secure_board_setup && kvm_enabled()));
info->kernel_filename = ms->kernel_filename;
info->kernel_cmdline = ms->kernel_cmdline;
info->initrd_filename = ms->initrd_filename;
info->dtb_filename = ms->dtb;
info->dtb_limit = 0;
/* Load the kernel. */
if (!info->kernel_filename || info->firmware_loaded) {
arm_setup_firmware_boot(cpu, info);
} else {
arm_setup_direct_kernel_boot(cpu, info);
}
/*
* Disable the PSCI conduit if it is set up to target the same
* or a lower EL than the one we're going to start the guest code in.
* This logic needs to agree with the code in do_cpu_reset() which
* decides whether we're going to boot the guest in the highest
* supported exception level or in a lower one.
*/
/*
* If PSCI is enabled, then SMC calls all go to the PSCI handler and
* are never emulated to trap into guest code. It therefore does not
* make sense for the board to have a setup code fragment that runs
* in Secure, because this will probably need to itself issue an SMC of some
* kind as part of its operation.
*/
assert(info->psci_conduit == QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED ||
!info->secure_board_setup);
/* Boot into highest supported EL ... */
if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL3)) {
boot_el = 3;
} else if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL2)) {
boot_el = 2;
} else {
boot_el = 1;
}
/* ...except that if we're booting Linux we adjust the EL we boot into */
if (info->is_linux && !info->secure_boot) {
boot_el = arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_EL2) ? 2 : 1;
}
if ((info->psci_conduit == QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_HVC && boot_el >= 2) ||
(info->psci_conduit == QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_SMC && boot_el == 3)) {
info->psci_conduit = QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED;
}
if (info->psci_conduit != QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED) {
for (cs = first_cpu; cs; cs = CPU_NEXT(cs)) {
Object *cpuobj = OBJECT(cs);
object_property_set_int(cpuobj, "psci-conduit", info->psci_conduit,
&error_abort);
/*
* Secondary CPUs start in PSCI powered-down state. Like the
* code in do_cpu_reset(), we assume first_cpu is the primary
* CPU.
*/
if (cs != first_cpu) {
object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "start-powered-off", true,
&error_abort);
}
}
}
if (info->psci_conduit == QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED &&
info->is_linux && nb_cpus > 1) {
/*
* We're booting Linux but not using PSCI, so for SMP we need
* to write a custom secondary CPU boot loader stub, and arrange
* for the secondary CPU reset to make the accompanying initialization.
*/
if (!info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook) {
info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook = default_reset_secondary;
}
if (!info->write_secondary_boot) {
info->write_secondary_boot = default_write_secondary;
}
info->write_secondary_boot(cpu, info);
} else {
/*
* No secondary boot stub; don't use the reset hook that would
* have set the CPU up to call it
*/
info->write_secondary_boot = NULL;
info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook = NULL;
}
/*
* arm_load_dtb() may add a PSCI node so it must be called after we have
* decided whether to enable PSCI and set the psci-conduit CPU properties.
*/
if (!info->skip_dtb_autoload && have_dtb(info)) {
if (arm_load_dtb(info->dtb_start, info, info->dtb_limit, as, ms) < 0) {
exit(1);
}
}
}
static const TypeInfo arm_linux_boot_if_info = {
.name = TYPE_ARM_LINUX_BOOT_IF,
.parent = TYPE_INTERFACE,
.class_size = sizeof(ARMLinuxBootIfClass),
};
static void arm_linux_boot_register_types(void)
{
type_register_static(&arm_linux_boot_if_info);
}
type_init(arm_linux_boot_register_types)
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