The code for powering on a CPU in arm-powerctl.c has two separate
use cases:
* emulation of a real hardware power controller
* emulation of firmware interfaces (primarily PSCI) with
CPU on/off APIs
For the first case, we only need to reset the CPU and set its
starting PC and X0. For the second case, because we're emulating the
firmware we need to ensure that it's in the state that the firmware
provides. In particular, when we reset to a lower EL than the
highest one we are emulating, we need to put the CPU into a state
that permits correct running at that lower EL. We already do a
little of this in arm-powerctl.c (for instance we set SCR_HCE to
enable the HVC insn) but we don't do enough of it. This means that
in the case where we are emulating EL3 but also providing emulated
PSCI the guest will crash when a secondary core tries to use a
feature that needs an SCR_EL3 bit to be set, such as MTE or PAuth.
The hw/arm/boot.c code also has to support this "start guest code in
an EL that's lower than the highest emulated EL" case in order to do
direct guest kernel booting; it has all the necessary initialization
code to set the SCR_EL3 bits. Pull the relevant boot.c code out into
a separate function so we can share it between there and
arm-powerctl.c.
This refactoring has a few code changes that look like they
might be behaviour changes but aren't:
* if info->secure_boot is false and info->secure_board_setup is
true, then the old code would start the first CPU in Hyp
mode but without changing SCR.NS and NSACR.{CP11,CP10}.
This was wrong behaviour because there's no such thing
as Secure Hyp mode. The new code will leave the CPU in SVC.
(There is no board which sets secure_boot to false and
secure_board_setup to true, so this isn't a behaviour
change for any of our boards.)
* we don't explicitly clear SCR.NS when arm-powerctl.c
does a CPU-on to EL3. This was a no-op because CPU reset
will reset to NS == 0.
And some real behaviour changes:
* we no longer set HCR_EL2.RW when booting into EL2: the guest
can and should do that themselves before dropping into their
EL1 code. (arm-powerctl and boot did this differently; I
opted to use the logic from arm-powerctl, which only sets
HCR_EL2.RW when it's directly starting the guest in EL1,
because it's more correct, and I don't expect guests to be
accidentally depending on our having set the RW bit for them.)
* if we are booting a CPU into AArch32 Secure SVC then we won't
set SCR.HCE any more. This affects only the vexpress-a15 and
raspi2b machine types. Guests booting in this case will either:
- be able to set SCR.HCE themselves as part of moving from
Secure SVC into NS Hyp mode
- will move from Secure SVC to NS SVC, and won't care about
behaviour of the HVC insn
- will stay in Secure SVC, and won't care about HVC
* on an arm-powerctl CPU-on we will now set the SCR bits for
pauth/mte/sve/sme/hcx/fgt features
The first two of these are very minor and I don't expect guest
code to trip over them, so I didn't judge it worth convoluting
the code in an attempt to keep exactly the same boot.c behaviour.
The third change fixes issue 1899.
Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues/1899
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20230926155619.4028618-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Just like d7ef5e16a1 sets SCR_EL3.HXEn for FEAT_HCX, this commit
handles SCR_EL3.FGTEn for FEAT_FGT:
When we direct boot a kernel on a CPU which emulates EL3, we need to
set up the EL3 system registers as the Linux kernel documentation
specifies:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst
> For CPUs with the Fine Grained Traps (FEAT_FGT) extension present:
> - If EL3 is present and the kernel is entered at EL2:
> - SCR_EL3.FGTEn (bit 27) must be initialised to 0b1.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Fabian Vogt <fvogt@suse.de>
Message-id: 4831384.GXAFRqVoOG@linux-e202.suse.de
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
The arm boot.c code includes a utility function write_bootloader()
which assists in writing a boot-code fragment into guest memory,
including handling endianness and fixing it up with entry point
addresses and similar things. This is useful not just for the boot.c
code but also in board model code, so rename it to
arm_write_bootloader() and make it globally visible.
Since we are making it public, make its API a little neater: move the
AddressSpace* argument to be next to the hwaddr argument, and allow
the fixupcontext array to be const, since we never modify it in this
function.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Tested-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20230424152717.1333930-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
[PMM: Split out from another patch by Cédric, added doc comment]
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
At this moment, arm_load_dtb() can free machine->fdt when
binfo->dtb_filename is NULL. If there's no 'dtb_filename', 'fdt' will be
retrieved by binfo->get_dtb(). If get_dtb() returns machine->fdt, as is
the case of machvirt_dtb() from hw/arm/virt.c, fdt now has a pointer to
machine->fdt. And, in that case, the existing g_free(fdt) at the end of
arm_load_dtb() will make machine->fdt point to an invalid memory region.
Since monitor command 'dumpdtb' was introduced a couple of releases
ago, running it with any ARM machine that uses arm_load_dtb() will
crash QEMU.
Let's enable all arm_load_dtb() callers to use dumpdtb properly. Instead
of freeing 'fdt', assign it back to ms->fdt.
Cc: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Cc: qemu-arm@nongnu.org
Fixes: bf353ad555 ("qmp/hmp, device_tree.c: introduce dumpdtb")
Reported-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Henrique Barboza <danielhb413@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Henrique Barboza <danielhb413@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20230328165935.1512846-1-armbru@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Fedora 39 will ship its arm64 kernels in the new generic EFI zboot
format, using gzip compression for the payload.
For doing EFI boot in QEMU, this is completely transparent, as the
firmware or bootloader will take care of this. However, for direct
kernel boot without firmware, we will lose the ability to boot such
distro kernels unless we deal with the new format directly.
EFI zboot images contain metadata in the header regarding the placement
of the compressed payload inside the image, and the type of compression
used. This means we can wire up the existing gzip support without too
much hassle, by parsing the header and grabbing the payload from inside
the loaded zboot image.
Cc: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Cc: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Cc: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <f4bug@amsat.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Message-id: 20230303160109.3626966-1-ardb@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
[PMM: tweaked comment formatting, fixed checkpatch nits]
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
This is in preparation to moving the hflags code into its own file
under the tcg/ directory.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
We use 32bit value for linux,initrd-[start/end], when we have
loader_start > 4GB, there will be a wrong initrd_start passed
to the kernel, and the kernel will report the following warning.
[ 0.000000] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 0.000000] initrd not fully accessible via the linear mapping -- please check your bootloader ...
[ 0.000000] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at arch/arm64/mm/init.c:355 arm64_memblock_init+0x158/0x244
[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G W 6.1.0-rc3-13250-g30a0b95b1335-dirty #28
[ 0.000000] Hardware name: Horizon Sigi Virtual development board (DT)
[ 0.000000] pstate: 600000c5 (nZCv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
[ 0.000000] pc : arm64_memblock_init+0x158/0x244
[ 0.000000] lr : arm64_memblock_init+0x158/0x244
[ 0.000000] sp : ffff800009273df0
[ 0.000000] x29: ffff800009273df0 x28: 0000001000cc0010 x27: 0000800000000000
[ 0.000000] x26: 000000000050a3e2 x25: ffff800008b46000 x24: ffff800008b46000
[ 0.000000] x23: ffff800008a53000 x22: ffff800009420000 x21: ffff800008a53000
[ 0.000000] x20: 0000000004000000 x19: 0000000004000000 x18: 00000000ffff1020
[ 0.000000] x17: 6568632065736165 x16: 6c70202d2d20676e x15: 697070616d207261
[ 0.000000] x14: 656e696c20656874 x13: 0a2e2e2e20726564 x12: 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 00000000ffffffff x9 : 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 796c6c756620746f x6 : 6e20647274696e69
[ 0.000000] x5 : ffff8000093c7c47 x4 : ffff800008a2102f x3 : ffff800009273a88
[ 0.000000] x2 : 80000000fffff038 x1 : 00000000000000c0 x0 : 0000000000000056
[ 0.000000] Call trace:
[ 0.000000] arm64_memblock_init+0x158/0x244
[ 0.000000] setup_arch+0x164/0x1cc
[ 0.000000] start_kernel+0x94/0x4ac
[ 0.000000] __primary_switched+0xb4/0xbc
[ 0.000000] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000001000000000-0x0000001007ffffff]
This doesn't affect any machine types we currently support, because
for all of our machine types the RAM starts well below the 4GB
mark, but it does demonstrate that we're not currently writing
the device-tree properties quite as intended.
To fix it, we can change it to write these values to the dtb using a
type width matching #address-cells. This is the intended size for
these dtb properties, and is how u-boot, for instance, writes them,
although in practice the Linux kernel will cope with them being any
width as long as they're big enough to fit the value.
Signed-off-by: Schspa Shi <schspa@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20221129160724.75667-1-schspa@gmail.com
[PMM: tweaked commit message]
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
When we direct boot a kernel on a CPU which emulates EL3, we need to
set up the EL3 system registers as the Linux kernel documentation
specifies:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst
For CPUs with FEAT_HCX support this includes:
- SCR_EL3.HXEn (bit 38) must be initialised to 0b1.
but we forgot to do this when implementing FEAT_HCX, which would mean
that a guest trying to access the HCRX_EL2 register would crash.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20221027140207.413084-3-peter.maydell@linaro.org
When we direct boot a kernel on a CPU which emulates EL3, we need
to set up the EL3 system registers as the Linux kernel documentation
specifies:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/arm64/booting.rst
For SVE and SME this includes:
- ZCR_EL3.LEN must be initialised to the same value for all CPUs the
kernel is executed on.
- SMCR_EL3.LEN must be initialised to the same value for all CPUs the
kernel will execute on.
Although we are technically compliant with this, the "same value" we
currently use by default is the reset value of 0. This will end up
forcing the guest kernel's SVE and SME vector length to be only the
smallest supported length.
Initialize the vector length fields to their maximum possible value,
which is 0xf. If the implementation doesn't actually support that
vector length then the effective vector length will be constrained
down to the maximum supported value at point of use.
This allows the guest to use all the vector lengths the emulated CPU
supports (by programming the _EL2 and _EL1 versions of these
registers.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20221027140207.413084-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
When the system reboots, the rng-seed that the FDT has should be
re-randomized, so that the new boot gets a new seed. Since the FDT is in
the ROM region at this point, we add a hook right after the ROM has been
added, so that we have a pointer to that copy of the FDT.
Cc: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Cc: qemu-arm@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Message-id: 20221025004327.568476-5-Jason@zx2c4.com
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
load_image_to_fw_cfg() is duplicated by both arm and loongarch. The same
function will be required by riscv too. So, it's time to refactor and
move this function to a common path.
Signed-off-by: Sunil V L <sunilvl@ventanamicro.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Song Gao <gaosong@loongson.cn>
Message-Id: <20221004092351.18209-2-sunilvl@ventanamicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Various loader functions return an int which limits images to 2GB which
is fine for things like a BIOS/kernel image, but if we want to be able
to load memory images or large ramdisks then any file over 2GB would
silently fail to load.
Cc: Luc Michel <lmichel@kalray.eu>
Signed-off-by: Jamie Iles <jamie@nuviainc.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Luc Michel <lmichel@kalray.eu>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Message-Id: <20211111141141.3295094-2-jamie@nuviainc.com>
Signed-off-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
We had a few CPTR_* bits defined, but missed quite a few.
Complete all of the fields up to ARMv9.2.
Use FIELD_EX64 instead of manual extract32.
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20220517054850.177016-3-richard.henderson@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
When we're using KVM, the PSCI implementation is provided by the
kernel, but QEMU has to tell the guest about it via the device tree.
Currently we look at the KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI_0_2 capability to determine
if the kernel is providing at least PSCI 0.2, but if the kernel
provides a newer version than that we will still only tell the guest
it has PSCI 0.2. (This is fairly harmless; it just means the guest
won't use newer parts of the PSCI API.)
The kernel exposes the specific PSCI version it is implementing via
the ONE_REG API; use this to report in the dtb that the PSCI
implementation is 1.0-compatible if appropriate. (The device tree
binding currently only distinguishes "pre-0.2", "0.2-compatible" and
"1.0-compatible".)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20220224134655.1207865-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Support the latest PSCI on TCG and HVF. A 64-bit function called from
AArch32 now returns NOT_SUPPORTED, which is necessary to adhere to SMC
Calling Convention 1.0. It is still not compliant with SMCCC 1.3 since
they do not implement mandatory functions.
Signed-off-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20220213035753.34577-1-akihiko.odaki@gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
[PMM: update MISMATCH_CHECK checks on PSCI_VERSION macros to match]
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
If we're using PSCI emulation, we add a /psci node to the device tree
we pass to the guest. At the moment, if the dtb already has a /psci
node in it, we retain it, rather than replacing it. (This behaviour
was added in commit c39770cd63 in 2018.)
This is a problem if the existing node doesn't match our PSCI
emulation. In particular, it might specify the wrong method (HVC vs
SMC), or wrong function IDs for cpu_suspend/cpu_off/etc, in which
case the guest will not get the behaviour it wants when it makes PSCI
calls.
An example of this is trying to boot the highbank or midway board
models using the device tree supplied in the kernel sources: this
device tree includes a /psci node that specifies function IDs that
don't match the (PSCI 0.2 compliant) IDs that QEMU uses. The dtb
cpu_suspend function ID happens to match the PSCI 0.2 cpu_off ID, so
the guest hangs after booting when the kernel tries to idle the CPU
and instead it gets turned off.
Instead of retaining an existing /psci node, delete it entirely
and replace it with a node whose properties match QEMU's PSCI
emulation behaviour. This matches the way we handle /memory nodes,
where we also delete any existing nodes and write in ones that
match the way QEMU is going to behave.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Tested-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Tested-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20220127154639.2090164-17-peter.maydell@linaro.org
We use the arm_boot_info::nb_cpus field in only one place, and that
place can easily get the number of CPUs locally rather than relying
on the board code to have set the field correctly. (At least one
board, xlnx-versal-virt, does not set the field despite having more
than one CPU.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Tested-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20220127154639.2090164-16-peter.maydell@linaro.org
If we're using PSCI emulation to start secondary CPUs, there is no
point in writing the "secondary boot" stub code, because it will
never be used -- secondary CPUs start powered-off, and when powered
on are set to begin execution at the address specified by the guest's
power-on PSCI call, not at the stub.
Move the call to the hook that writes the secondary boot stub code so
that we can do it only if we're starting a Linux kernel and not using
PSCI.
(None of the users of the hook care about the ordering of its call
relative to anything else: they only use it to write a rom blob to
guest memory.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Tested-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20220127154639.2090164-14-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Now that we have dealt with the one special case (highbank) that needed
to set both psci_conduit and secure_board_setup, we don't need to
allow that combination any more. It doesn't make sense in general,
so use an assertion to ensure we don't add new boards that do it
by accident without thinking through the consequences.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Tested-by: Niek Linnenbank <nieklinnenbank@gmail.com>
Message-id: 20220127154639.2090164-13-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Currently we expect board code to set the psci-conduit property on
CPUs and ensure that secondary CPUs are created with the
start-powered-off property set to false, if the board wishes to use
QEMU's builtin PSCI emulation. This worked OK for the virt board
where we first wanted to use it, because the virt board directly
creates its CPUs and is in a reasonable position to set those
properties. For other boards which model real hardware and use a
separate SoC object, however, it is more awkward. Most PSCI-using
boards just set the psci-conduit board unconditionally.
This was never strictly speaking correct (because you would not be
able to run EL3 guest firmware that itself provided the PSCI
interface, as the QEMU implementation would overrule it), but mostly
worked in practice because for non-PSCI SMC calls QEMU would emulate
the SMC instruction as normal (by trapping to guest EL3). However,
we would like to make our PSCI emulation follow the part of the SMCC
specification that mandates that SMC calls with unknown function
identifiers return a failure code, which means that all SMC calls
will be handled by the PSCI code and the "emulate as normal" path
will no longer be taken.
We tried to implement that in commit 9fcd15b919
("arm: tcg: Adhere to SMCCC 1.3 section 5.2"), but this
regressed attempts to run EL3 guest code on the affected boards:
* mcimx6ul-evk, mcimx7d-sabre, orangepi, xlnx-zcu102
* for the case only of EL3 code loaded via -kernel (and
not via -bios or -pflash), virt and xlnx-versal-virt
so for the 7.0 release we reverted it (in commit 4825eaae4f).
This commit provides a mechanism that boards can use to arrange that
psci-conduit is set if running guest code at a low enough EL but not
if it would be running at the same EL that the conduit implies that
the QEMU PSCI implementation is using. (Later commits will convert
individual board models to use this mechanism.)
We do this by moving the setting of the psci-conduit and
start-powered-off properties to arm_load_kernel(). Boards which want
to potentially use emulated PSCI must set a psci_conduit field in the
arm_boot_info struct to the type of conduit they want to use (SMC or
HVC); arm_load_kernel() will then set the CPUs up accordingly if it
is not going to start the guest code at the same or higher EL as the
fake QEMU firmware would be at.
Board/SoC code which uses this mechanism should no longer set the CPU
psci-conduit property directly. It should only set the
start-powered-off property for secondaries if EL3 guest firmware
running bare metal expects that rather than the alternative "all CPUs
start executing the firmware at once".
Note that when calculating whether we are going to run guest
code at EL3, we ignore the setting of arm_boot_info::secure_board_setup,
which might cause us to run a stub bit of guest code at EL3 which
does some board-specific setup before dropping to EL2 or EL1 to
run the guest kernel. This is OK because only one board that
enables PSCI sets secure_board_setup (the highbank board), and
the stub code it writes will behave the same way whether the
one SMC call it makes is handled by "emulate the SMC" or by
"PSCI default returns an error code". So we can leave that stub
code in place until after we've changed the PSCI default behaviour;
at that point we will remove it.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Tested-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Message-id: 20220127154639.2090164-4-peter.maydell@linaro.org
A lot of C files in hw/arm include qemu-common.h when they don't
need anything from it. Drop the include lines.
omap1.c, pxa2xx.c and strongarm.c retain the include because they
use it for the prototype of qemu_get_timedate().
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <f4bug@amsat.org>
Reviewed-by: Taylor Simpson <tsimpson@quicinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Message-id: 20211129200510.1233037-5-peter.maydell@linaro.org
The empty NUMA node, where no memory resides, are allowed. For
example, the following command line specifies two empty NUMA nodes.
With this, QEMU fails to boot because of the conflicting device-tree
node names, as the following error message indicates.
/home/gavin/sandbox/qemu.main/build/qemu-system-aarch64 \
-accel kvm -machine virt,gic-version=host \
-cpu host -smp 4,sockets=2,cores=2,threads=1 \
-m 1024M,slots=16,maxmem=64G \
-object memory-backend-ram,id=mem0,size=512M \
-object memory-backend-ram,id=mem1,size=512M \
-numa node,nodeid=0,cpus=0-1,memdev=mem0 \
-numa node,nodeid=1,cpus=2-3,memdev=mem1 \
-numa node,nodeid=2 \
-numa node,nodeid=3
:
qemu-system-aarch64: FDT: Failed to create subnode /memory@80000000: FDT_ERR_EXISTS
As specified by linux device-tree binding document, the device-tree
nodes for these empty NUMA nodes shouldn't be generated. However,
the corresponding NUMA node IDs should be included in the distance
map. The memory hotplug through device-tree on ARM64 isn't existing
so far and it's not necessary to require the user to provide a distance
map. Furthermore, the default distance map Linux generates may even be
sufficient. So this simply skips populating the device-tree nodes for
these empty NUMA nodes to avoid the error, so that QEMU can be started
successfully.
Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20211015124246.23073-1-gshan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
If the user provides both a BIOS/firmware image and also a guest
kernel filename, arm_setup_firmware_boot() will pass the
kernel image to the firmware via the fw_cfg device. However we
weren't checking whether there really was a fw_cfg device present,
and if there wasn't we would crash.
This crash can be provoked with a command line such as
qemu-system-aarch64 -M raspi3 -kernel /dev/null -bios /dev/null -display none
It is currently only possible on the raspi3 machine, because unless
the machine sets info->firmware_loaded we won't call
arm_setup_firmware_boot(), and the only machines which set that are:
* virt (has a fw-cfg device)
* sbsa-ref (checks itself for kernel_filename && firmware_loaded)
* raspi3 (crashes)
But this is an unfortunate beartrap to leave for future machine
model implementors, so we should handle this situation in boot.c.
Check in arm_setup_firmware_boot() whether the fw-cfg device exists
before trying to load files into it, and if it doesn't exist then
exit with a hopefully helpful error message.
Because we now handle this check in a machine-agnostic way, we
can remove the check from sbsa-ref.
Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues/503
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <f4bug@amsat.org>
Message-id: 20210726163351.32086-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Stop including exec/address-spaces.h in files that don't need it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210416171314.2074665-5-thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
Machine options can be retrieved as properties of the machine object.
Encourage that by removing the "easy" accessor to machine options.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When booting a CPU with EL3 using the -kernel flag, set up CPTR_EL3 so
that SVE will not trap to EL3.
Signed-off-by: Rémi Denis-Courmont <remi.denis.courmont@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20201030151541.11976-1-remi@remlab.net
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
When booting an EL3 cpu with -kernel, we set up EL3 and then
drop down to EL2. We need to enable access to v8.5-MemTag
tag allocation at EL3 before doing so.
Reported-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20200724163853.504655-3-richard.henderson@linaro.org
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
When booting an EL3 cpu with -kernel, we set up EL3 and then
drop down to EL2. We need to enable access to v8.3-PAuth
keys and instructions at EL3 before doing so.
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20200724163853.504655-2-richard.henderson@linaro.org
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
This commit was produced with the included Coccinelle script
scripts/coccinelle/exec_rw_const.
Two lines in hw/net/dp8393x.c that Coccinelle produced that
were over 80 characters were re-wrapped by hand.
Suggested-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Signed-off-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
While loading the executable, some platforms (like AVR) need to
detect CPU type that executable is built for - and, with this patch,
this is enabled by reading the field 'e_flags' of the ELF header of
the executable in question. The change expands functionality of
the following functions:
- load_elf()
- load_elf_as()
- load_elf_ram()
- load_elf_ram_sym()
The argument added to these functions is called 'pflags' and is of
type 'uint32_t*' (that matches 'pointer to 'elf_word'', 'elf_word'
being the type of the field 'e_flags', in both 32-bit and 64-bit
variants of ELF header). Callers are allowed to pass NULL as that
argument, and in such case no lookup to the field 'e_flags' will
happen, and no information will be returned, of course.
CC: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
CC: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
CC: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@gmail.com>
CC: Michael Walle <michael@walle.cc>
CC: Thomas Huth <huth@tuxfamily.org>
CC: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>
CC: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <f4bug@amsat.org>
CC: Aleksandar Rikalo <aleksandar.rikalo@rt-rk.com>
CC: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
CC: Jia Liu <proljc@gmail.com>
CC: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
CC: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
CC: BALATON Zoltan <balaton@eik.bme.hu>
CC: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
CC: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
CC: Artyom Tarasenko <atar4qemu@gmail.com>
CC: Fabien Chouteau <chouteau@adacore.com>
CC: KONRAD Frederic <frederic.konrad@adacore.com>
CC: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Aleksandar Rikalo <aleksandar.rikalo@rt-rk.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Rolnik <mrolnik@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <f4bug@amsat.org>
Signed-off-by: Aleksandar Markovic <amarkovic@wavecomp.com>
Message-Id: <1580079311-20447-24-git-send-email-aleksandar.markovic@rt-rk.com>
The boot.c code usually puts the CPU into NS mode directly when it is
booting a kernel. Since fc1120a7f5 this has included a
requirement to set NSACR to give NS state access to the FPU; we fixed
that for the usual code path in ece628fcf6. However, it is also
possible for a board model to request an alternative mode of booting,
where its 'board_setup' code hook runs in Secure state and is
responsible for doing the S->NS transition after it has done whatever
work it must do in Secure state. In this situation the board_setup
code now also needs to update NSACR.
This affects all boards which set info->secure_board_setup, which is
currently the 'raspi' and 'highbank' families. They both use the
common arm_write_secure_board_setup_dummy_smc().
Set the NSACR CP11 and CP10 bits in the code written by that
function, to allow FPU access in Non-Secure state when using dummy
SMC setup routine. Otherwise an AArch32 kernel booted on the
highbank or raspi boards will UNDEF as soon as it tries to use the
FPU.
Update the comment describing secure_board_setup to note the new
requirements on users of it.
This fixes a kernel panic when booting raspbian on raspi2.
Successfully tested with:
2017-01-11-raspbian-jessie-lite.img
2018-11-13-raspbian-stretch-lite.img
2019-07-10-raspbian-buster-lite.img
Fixes: fc1120a7f5
Signed-off-by: Clement Deschamps <clement.deschamps@greensocs.com>
Tested-by: Laurent Bonnans <laurent.bonnans@here.com>
Message-id: 20191104151137.81931-1-clement.deschamps@greensocs.com
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
[PMM: updated comment to boot.h to note new requirement on
users of secure_board_setup; edited/rewrote commit message]
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Rebuild hflags when modifying CPUState at boot.
Fixes: e979972a6a
Signed-off-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Luc Michel <luc.michel@greensocs.com>
Message-id: 20191031040830.18800-2-edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
IEC binary prefixes ease code review: the unit is explicit.
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Garzarella <sgarzare@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20190923131108.21459-1-philmd@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
If we're booting a Linux kernel directly into Non-Secure
state on a CPU which has Secure state, then make sure we
set the NSACR CP11 and CP10 bits, so that Non-Secure is allowed
to access the FPU. Otherwise an AArch32 kernel will UNDEF as
soon as it tries to use the FPU.
It used to not matter that we didn't do this until commit
fc1120a7f5, where we implemented actually honouring
these NSACR bits.
The problem only exists for CPUs where EL3 is AArch32; the
equivalent AArch64 trap bits are in CPTR_EL3 and are "0 to
not trap, 1 to trap", so the reset value of the register
permits NS access, unlike NSACR.
Fixes: fc1120a7f5
Fixes: https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1844597
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-id: 20190920174039.3916-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Move existing numa global numa_info (renamed as "nodes") into NumaState.
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tao Xu <tao3.xu@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20190809065731.9097-5-tao3.xu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Add struct NumaState in MachineState and move existing numa global
nb_numa_nodes(renamed as "num_nodes") into NumaState. And add variable
numa_support into MachineClass to decide which submachines support NUMA.
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tao Xu <tao3.xu@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20190809065731.9097-3-tao3.xu@intel.com>
[ehabkost: include hw/boards.h again to fix build failures]
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
In struct arm_boot_info, kernel_filename, initrd_filename and
kernel_cmdline are copied from from MachineState. This patch add
MachineState as a parameter into arm_load_dtb() and move the copy chunk
of kernel_filename, initrd_filename and kernel_cmdline into
arm_load_kernel().
Reviewed-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Liu Jingqi <jingqi.liu@intel.com>
Suggested-by: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tao Xu <tao3.xu@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20190809065731.9097-2-tao3.xu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Jeffery <andrew@aj.id.au>
Acked-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
[ehabkost: include hw/boards.h again to fix build failures]
Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
hw/boards.h pulls in almost 60 headers. The less we include it into
headers, the better. As a first step, drop superfluous inclusions,
and downgrade some more to what's actually needed. Gets rid of just
one inclusion into a header.
Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Cc: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel.apfelbaum@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Message-Id: <20190812052359.30071-23-armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
In my "build everything" tree, changing hw/hw.h triggers a recompile
of some 2600 out of 6600 objects (not counting tests and objects that
don't depend on qemu/osdep.h).
The previous commits have left only the declaration of hw_error() in
hw/hw.h. This permits dropping most of its inclusions. Touching it
now recompiles less than 200 objects.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Message-Id: <20190812052359.30071-19-armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
In my "build everything" tree, changing sysemu/reset.h triggers a
recompile of some 2600 out of 6600 objects (not counting tests and
objects that don't depend on qemu/osdep.h).
The main culprit is hw/hw.h, which supposedly includes it for
convenience.
Include sysemu/reset.h only where it's needed. Touching it now
recompiles less than 200 objects.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20190812052359.30071-9-armbru@redhat.com>
In commit e6b2b20d97 we made the boot loader code try to avoid
putting the initrd on top of the kernel. However the expression used
to calculate the start of the initrd:
info->initrd_start = info->loader_start +
MAX(MIN(info->ram_size / 2, 128 * 1024 * 1024), kernel_size);
incorrectly uses 'kernel_size' as the offset within RAM of the
highest address to avoid. This is incorrect because the kernel
doesn't start at address 0, but slightly higher than that. This
means that we can still incorrectly end up overlaying the initrd on
the kernel in some cases, for example:
* The kernel's image_size is 0x0a7a8000
* The kernel was loaded at 0x40080000
* The end of the kernel is 0x4A828000
* The DTB was loaded at 0x4a800000
To get this right we need to track the actual highest address used
by the kernel and use that rather than kernel_size. We already
set image_low_addr and image_high_addr for ELF images; set them
also for the various other image types we support, and then use
image_high_addr as the lowest allowed address for the initrd.
(We don't use image_low_addr, but we set it for consistency
with the existing code path for ELF files.)
Fixes: e6b2b20d97
Reported-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Message-id: 20190722151804.25467-3-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Rename the elf_low_addr and elf_high_addr variables to image_low_addr
and image_high_addr -- in the next commit we will extend them to
be set for other kinds of image file and not just ELF files.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Message-id: 20190722151804.25467-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
Fix the condition used to check whether the initrd fits
into RAM; in some cases if an initrd was also passed on
the command line we would get an error stating that it
was too big to fit into RAM after the kernel. Despite the
error the loader continued anyway, though, so also add an
exit(1) when the initrd is actually too big.
Fixes: 852dc64d66 ("hw/arm/boot: Diagnose layouts that put initrd or
DTB off the end of RAM")
Signed-off-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20190618125844.4863-1-drjones@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Since Linux v3.17, the kernel's Image header includes a field image_size,
which gives the total size of the kernel including unpopulated data
sections such as the BSS). If this is present, then return it from
load_aarch64_image() as the true size of the kernel rather than
just using the size of the Image file itself. This allows the code
which calculates where to put the initrd to avoid putting it in
the kernel's BSS area.
This means that we should be able to reliably load kernel images
which are larger than 128MB without accidentally putting the
initrd or dtb in locations that clash with the kernel itself.
Fixes: https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1823998
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Message-id: 20190516144733.32399-5-peter.maydell@linaro.org
We currently put the initrd at the smaller of:
* 128MB into RAM
* halfway into the RAM
(with the dtb following it).
However for large kernels this might mean that the kernel
overlaps the initrd. For some kinds of kernel (self-decompressing
32-bit kernels, and ELF images with a BSS section at the end)
we don't know the exact size, but even there we have a
minimum size. Put the initrd at least further into RAM than
that. For image formats that can give us an exact kernel size, this
will mean that we definitely avoid overlaying kernel and initrd.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Message-id: 20190516144733.32399-4-peter.maydell@linaro.org
We calculate the locations in memory where we want to put the
initrd and the DTB based on the size of the kernel, since they
come after it. Add some explicit checks that these aren't off the
end of RAM entirely.
(At the moment the way we calculate the initrd_start means that
it can't ever be off the end of RAM, but that will change with
the next commit.)
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Message-id: 20190516144733.32399-3-peter.maydell@linaro.org
In the Arm kernel/initrd loading code, in some places we make the
incorrect assumption that info->ram_size can be treated as the
address of the end of RAM, as for instance when we calculate the
available space for the initrd using "info->ram_size - info->initrd_start".
This is wrong, because many Arm boards (including "virt") specify
a non-zero info->loader_start to indicate that their RAM area
starts at a non-zero physical address.
Correct the places which make this incorrect assumption.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Message-id: 20190516144733.32399-2-peter.maydell@linaro.org
No header includes qemu-common.h after this commit, as prescribed by
qemu-common.h's file comment.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20190523143508.25387-5-armbru@redhat.com>
[Rebased with conflicts resolved automatically, except for
include/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.h hw/arm/nrf51_soc.c hw/arm/msf2-soc.c
block/qcow2-refcount.c block/qcow2-cluster.c block/qcow2-cache.c
target/arm/cpu.h target/lm32/cpu.h target/m68k/cpu.h target/mips/cpu.h
target/moxie/cpu.h target/nios2/cpu.h target/openrisc/cpu.h
target/riscv/cpu.h target/tilegx/cpu.h target/tricore/cpu.h
target/unicore32/cpu.h target/xtensa/cpu.h; bsd-user/main.c and
net/tap-bsd.c fixed up]
