qapi/introspect.json defines the introspection schema. It's designed
for QMP introspection, but should do for similar uses, such as QGA.
The introspection schema does not reflect all the rules and
restrictions that apply to QAPI schemata. A valid QAPI schema has an
introspection value conforming to the introspection schema, but the
converse is not true.
Introspection lowers away a number of schema details, and makes
implicit things explicit:
* The built-in types are declared with their JSON type.
All integer types are mapped to 'int', because how many bits we use
internally is an implementation detail. It could be pressed into
external interface service as very approximate range information,
but that's a bad idea. If we need range information, we better do
it properly.
* Implicit type definitions are made explicit, and given
auto-generated names:
- Array types, named by appending "List" to the name of their
element type, like in generated C.
- The enumeration types implicitly defined by simple union types,
named by appending "Kind" to the name of their simple union type,
like in generated C.
- Types that don't occur in generated C. Their names start with ':'
so they don't clash with the user's names.
* All type references are by name.
* The struct and union types are generalized into an object type.
* Base types are flattened.
* Commands take a single argument and return a single result.
Dictionary argument or list result is an implicit type definition.
The empty object type is used when a command takes no arguments or
produces no results.
The argument is always of object type, but the introspection schema
doesn't reflect that.
The 'gen': false directive is omitted as implementation detail.
The 'success-response' directive is omitted as well for now, even
though it's not an implementation detail, because it's not used by
QMP.
* Events carry a single data value.
Implicit type definition and empty object type use, just like for
commands.
The value is of object type, but the introspection schema doesn't
reflect that.
* Types not used by commands or events are omitted.
Indirect use counts as use.
* Optional members have a default, which can only be null right now
Instead of a mandatory "optional" flag, we have an optional default.
No default means mandatory, default null means optional without
default value. Non-null is available for optional with default
(possible future extension).
* Clients should *not* look up types by name, because type names are
not ABI. Look up the command or event you're interested in, then
follow the references.
TODO Should we hide the type names to eliminate the temptation?
New generator scripts/qapi-introspect.py computes an introspection
value for its input, and generates a C variable holding it.
It can generate awfully long lines. Marked TODO.
A new test-qmp-input-visitor test case feeds its result for both
tests/qapi-schema/qapi-schema-test.json and qapi-schema.json to a
QmpInputVisitor to verify it actually conforms to the schema.
New QMP command query-qmp-schema takes its return value from that
variable. Its reply is some 85KiBytes for me right now.
If this turns out to be too much, we have a couple of options:
* We can use shorter names in the JSON. Not the QMP style.
* Optionally return the sub-schema for commands and events given as
arguments.
Right now qmp_query_schema() sends the string literal computed by
qmp-introspect.py. To compute sub-schema at run time, we'd have to
duplicate parts of qapi-introspect.py in C. Unattractive.
* Let clients cache the output of query-qmp-schema.
It changes only on QEMU upgrades, i.e. rarely. Provide a command
query-qmp-schema-hash. Clients can have a cache indexed by hash,
and re-query the schema only when they don't have it cached. Even
simpler: put the hash in the QMP greeting.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
The old code prints the result of parsing (list of expression
dictionaries), and partial results of semantic analysis (list of enum
dictionaries, list of struct dictionaries).
The new code prints a trace of a schema visit, i.e. what the back-ends
are going to use. Built-in and array types are omitted, because
they're boring.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
...or an array of dictionaries. Although we have to cater to
existing commands, returning a non-dictionary means the command
is not extensible (no new name/value pairs can be added if more
information must be returned in parallel). By making the
whitelist explicit, any new command that falls foul of this
practice will have to be self-documenting, which will encourage
developers to either justify the action or rework the design to
use a dictionary after all.
It's a little bit sloppy that we share a single whitelist among
three clients (it's too permissive for each). If this is a
problem, a future patch could tighten things by having the
generator take the whitelist as an argument (as in
scripts/qapi-commands.py --legacy-returns=...), or by having
the generator output C code that requires explicit use of the
whitelist (as in:
#ifndef FROBNICATE_LEGACY_RETURN_OK
# error Command 'frobnicate' should return a dictionary
#endif
then having the callers define appropriate macros). But until
we need such fine-grained separation (if ever), this patch does
the job just fine.
Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Demonstrate that the qapi generator silently parses confusing
types, which may cause other errors later on. Later patches
will update the expected results as the generator is made stricter.
Most of the new tests focus on blatant errors. But
returns-whitelist is a case where we have historically allowed
returning something other than a JSON object from particular
commands; we have to keep that behavior to avoid breaking clients,
but it would be nicer to avoid adding such commands in the future,
because any return that is not an (array of) object cannot be
easily extended if future qemu wants to return additional
information. The QMP protocol already documents that clients
should ignore unknown dictionary keys, but does not require
clients to have to handle more than one type of JSON object.
Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
