configure: Look for auxiliary Python installations

At the moment, we look for just "python3" and "python", which is good
enough almost all of the time. But ... if you are on a platform that
uses an older Python by default and only offers a newer Python as an
option, you'll have to specify --python=/usr/bin/foo every time.

We can be kind and instead make a cursory attempt to locate a suitable
Python binary ourselves, looking for the remaining well-known binaries.

This configure loop will prefer, in order:

1. Whatever is specified in $PYTHON
2. python3
3. python
4. python3.11 down through python3.6

Notes:

- Python virtual environment provides binaries for "python3", "python",
  and whichever version you used to create the venv,
  e.g. "python3.8". If configure is invoked from inside of a venv, this
  configure loop will not "break out" of that venv unless that venv is
  created using an explicitly non-suitable version of Python that we
  cannot use.

- In the event that no suitable python is found, the first python found
  is the version used to generate the human-readable error message.

- The error message isn't printed right away to allow later
  configuration code to pick up an explicitly configured python.

Signed-off-by: John Snow <jsnow@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

configure

@@ -592,20 +592,43 @@ esac
 
 : ${make=${MAKE-make}}
 
-# We prefer python 3.x. A bare 'python' is traditionally
-# python 2.x, but some distros have it as python 3.x, so
-# we check that too
+
+check_py_version() {
+    # We require python >= 3.6.
+    # NB: a True python conditional creates a non-zero return code (Failure)
+    "$1" -c 'import sys; sys.exit(sys.version_info < (3,6))'
+}
+
 python=
+first_python=
+if test -z "${PYTHON}"; then
     explicit_python=no
-for binary in "${PYTHON-python3}" python
-do
-    if has "$binary"
-    then
+    # A bare 'python' is traditionally python 2.x, but some distros
+    # have it as python 3.x, so check in both places.
+    for binary in python3 python python3.11 python3.10 python3.9 python3.8 python3.7 python3.6; do
+        if has "$binary"; then
             python=$(command -v "$binary")
+            if check_py_version "$python"; then
+                # This one is good.
+                first_python=
                 break
+            else
+                first_python=$python
+            fi
         fi
     done
-
+else
+    # Same as above, but only check the environment variable.
+    has "${PYTHON}" || error_exit "The PYTHON environment variable does not point to an executable"
+    python=$(command -v "$PYTHON")
+    explicit_python=yes
+    if check_py_version "$python"; then
+        # This one is good.
+        first_python=
+    else
+        first_python=$first_python
+    fi
+fi
 
 # Check for ancillary tools used in testing
 genisoimage=
@@ -1030,16 +1053,22 @@ rm -f ./*/config-devices.mak.d
 
 if test -z "$python"
 then
+    # If first_python is set, there was a binary somewhere even though
+    # it was not suitable.  Use it for the error message.
+    if test -n "$first_python"; then
+        error_exit "Cannot use '$first_python', Python >= 3.6 is required." \
+            "Use --python=/path/to/python to specify a supported Python."
+    else
         error_exit "Python not found. Use --python=/path/to/python"
     fi
+fi
+
 if ! has "$make"
 then
     error_exit "GNU make ($make) not found"
 fi
 
-# Note that if the Python conditional here evaluates True we will exit
-# with status 1 which is a shell 'false' value.
-if ! $python -c 'import sys; sys.exit(sys.version_info < (3,6))'; then
+if ! check_py_version "$python"; then
   error_exit "Cannot use '$python', Python >= 3.6 is required." \
       "Use --python=/path/to/python to specify a supported Python."
 fi