From 4a2e242bbb306ef5c16ce9e7bb2da3bd8a4eb098 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alex Williamson Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 09:53:03 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] memory: Don't use memcpy for ram_device regions With a vfio assigned device we lay down a base MemoryRegion registered as an IO region, giving us read & write accessors. If the region supports mmap, we lay down a higher priority sub-region MemoryRegion on top of the base layer initialized as a RAM device pointer to the mmap. Finally, if we have any quirks for the device (ie. address ranges that need additional virtualization support), we put another IO sub-region on top of the mmap MemoryRegion. When this is flattened, we now potentially have sub-page mmap MemoryRegions exposed which cannot be directly mapped through KVM. This is as expected, but a subtle detail of this is that we end up with two different access mechanisms through QEMU. If we disable the mmap MemoryRegion, we make use of the IO MemoryRegion and service accesses using pread and pwrite to the vfio device file descriptor. If the mmap MemoryRegion is enabled and results in one of these sub-page gaps, QEMU handles the access as RAM, using memcpy to the mmap. Using either pread/pwrite or the mmap directly should be correct, but using memcpy causes us problems. I expect that not only does memcpy not necessarily honor the original width and alignment in performing a copy, but it potentially also uses processor instructions not intended for MMIO spaces. It turns out that this has been a problem for Realtek NIC assignment, which has such a quirk that creates a sub-page mmap MemoryRegion access. To resolve this, we disable memory_access_is_direct() for ram_device regions since QEMU assumes that it can use memcpy for those regions. Instead we access through MemoryRegionOps, which replaces the memcpy with simple de-references of standard sizes to the host memory. With this patch we attempt to provide unrestricted access to the RAM device, allowing byte through qword access as well as unaligned access. The assumption here is that accesses initiated by the VM are driven by a device specific driver, which knows the device capabilities. If unaligned accesses are not supported by the device, we don't want them to work in a VM by performing multiple aligned accesses to compose the unaligned access. A down-side of this philosophy is that the xp command from the monitor attempts to use the largest available access weidth, unaware of the underlying device. Using memcpy had this same restriction, but at least now an operator can dump individual registers, even if blocks of device memory may result in access widths beyond the capabilities of a given device (RTL NICs only support up to dword). Reported-by: Thorsten Kohfeldt Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini --- include/exec/memory.h | 6 ++-- memory.c | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ trace-events | 2 ++ 3 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/exec/memory.h b/include/exec/memory.h index a75b8c3465..9728a2fb1a 100644 --- a/include/exec/memory.h +++ b/include/exec/memory.h @@ -1480,9 +1480,11 @@ void *qemu_map_ram_ptr(RAMBlock *ram_block, ram_addr_t addr); static inline bool memory_access_is_direct(MemoryRegion *mr, bool is_write) { if (is_write) { - return memory_region_is_ram(mr) && !mr->readonly; + return memory_region_is_ram(mr) && + !mr->readonly && !memory_region_is_ram_device(mr); } else { - return memory_region_is_ram(mr) || memory_region_is_romd(mr); + return (memory_region_is_ram(mr) && !memory_region_is_ram_device(mr)) || + memory_region_is_romd(mr); } } diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c index 7ffcff1d34..33110e9698 100644 --- a/memory.c +++ b/memory.c @@ -1128,6 +1128,71 @@ const MemoryRegionOps unassigned_mem_ops = { .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN, }; +static uint64_t memory_region_ram_device_read(void *opaque, + hwaddr addr, unsigned size) +{ + MemoryRegion *mr = opaque; + uint64_t data = (uint64_t)~0; + + switch (size) { + case 1: + data = *(uint8_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr); + break; + case 2: + data = *(uint16_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr); + break; + case 4: + data = *(uint32_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr); + break; + case 8: + data = *(uint64_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr); + break; + } + + trace_memory_region_ram_device_read(get_cpu_index(), mr, addr, data, size); + + return data; +} + +static void memory_region_ram_device_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, + uint64_t data, unsigned size) +{ + MemoryRegion *mr = opaque; + + trace_memory_region_ram_device_write(get_cpu_index(), mr, addr, data, size); + + switch (size) { + case 1: + *(uint8_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr) = (uint8_t)data; + break; + case 2: + *(uint16_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr) = (uint16_t)data; + break; + case 4: + *(uint32_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr) = (uint32_t)data; + break; + case 8: + *(uint64_t *)(mr->ram_block->host + addr) = data; + break; + } +} + +static const MemoryRegionOps ram_device_mem_ops = { + .read = memory_region_ram_device_read, + .write = memory_region_ram_device_write, + .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN, + .valid = { + .min_access_size = 1, + .max_access_size = 8, + .unaligned = true, + }, + .impl = { + .min_access_size = 1, + .max_access_size = 8, + .unaligned = true, + }, +}; + bool memory_region_access_valid(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, unsigned size, @@ -1363,6 +1428,8 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, { memory_region_init_ram_ptr(mr, owner, name, size, ptr); mr->ram_device = true; + mr->ops = &ram_device_mem_ops; + mr->opaque = mr; } void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr, diff --git a/trace-events b/trace-events index 8ecded5150..f74e1d3d22 100644 --- a/trace-events +++ b/trace-events @@ -121,6 +121,8 @@ memory_region_subpage_read(int cpu_index, void *mr, uint64_t offset, uint64_t va memory_region_subpage_write(int cpu_index, void *mr, uint64_t offset, uint64_t value, unsigned size) "cpu %d mr %p offset %#"PRIx64" value %#"PRIx64" size %u" memory_region_tb_read(int cpu_index, uint64_t addr, uint64_t value, unsigned size) "cpu %d addr %#"PRIx64" value %#"PRIx64" size %u" memory_region_tb_write(int cpu_index, uint64_t addr, uint64_t value, unsigned size) "cpu %d addr %#"PRIx64" value %#"PRIx64" size %u" +memory_region_ram_device_read(int cpu_index, void *mr, uint64_t addr, uint64_t value, unsigned size) "cpu %d mr %p addr %#"PRIx64" value %#"PRIx64" size %u" +memory_region_ram_device_write(int cpu_index, void *mr, uint64_t addr, uint64_t value, unsigned size) "cpu %d mr %p addr %#"PRIx64" value %#"PRIx64" size %u" ### Guest events, keep at bottom