qemu/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.c

/*
 * virtio ccw target implementation
 *
 * Copyright 2012 IBM Corp.
 * Author(s): Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
 *
 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or (at
 * your option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the top-level
 * directory.
 */

#include "hw/hw.h"
#include "block/block.h"
#include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
#include "net/net.h"
#include "monitor/monitor.h"
#include "hw/virtio/virtio.h"
#include "hw/virtio/virtio-serial.h"
#include "hw/virtio/virtio-net.h"
#include "hw/sysbus.h"
#include "qemu/bitops.h"
#include "hw/virtio/virtio-bus.h"

#include "ioinst.h"
#include "css.h"
#include "virtio-ccw.h"
#include "trace.h"

static void virtio_ccw_bus_new(VirtioBusState *bus, size_t bus_size,
                               VirtioCcwDevice *dev);

static int virtual_css_bus_reset(BusState *qbus)
{
    /* This should actually be modelled via the generic css */
    css_reset();

    /* we dont traverse ourself, return 0 */
    return 0;
}


static void virtual_css_bus_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    BusClass *k = BUS_CLASS(klass);

    k->reset = virtual_css_bus_reset;
}

static const TypeInfo virtual_css_bus_info = {
    .name = TYPE_VIRTUAL_CSS_BUS,
    .parent = TYPE_BUS,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtualCssBus),
    .class_init = virtual_css_bus_class_init,
};

VirtIODevice *virtio_ccw_get_vdev(SubchDev *sch)
{
    VirtIODevice *vdev = NULL;

    if (sch->driver_data) {
        vdev = ((VirtioCcwDevice *)sch->driver_data)->vdev;
    }
    return vdev;
}

static int virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, int n,
                                              bool assign, bool set_handler)
{
    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(dev->vdev, n);
    EventNotifier *notifier = virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vq);
    int r = 0;
    SubchDev *sch = dev->sch;
    uint32_t sch_id = (css_build_subchannel_id(sch) << 16) | sch->schid;

    if (assign) {
        r = event_notifier_init(notifier, 1);
        if (r < 0) {
            error_report("%s: unable to init event notifier: %d", __func__, r);
            return r;
        }
        virtio_queue_set_host_notifier_fd_handler(vq, true, set_handler);
        r = s390_assign_subch_ioeventfd(notifier, sch_id, n, assign);
        if (r < 0) {
            error_report("%s: unable to assign ioeventfd: %d", __func__, r);
            virtio_queue_set_host_notifier_fd_handler(vq, false, false);
            event_notifier_cleanup(notifier);
            return r;
        }
    } else {
        virtio_queue_set_host_notifier_fd_handler(vq, false, false);
        s390_assign_subch_ioeventfd(notifier, sch_id, n, assign);
        event_notifier_cleanup(notifier);
    }
    return r;
}

static void virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
{
    int n, r;

    if (!(dev->flags & VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD) ||
        dev->ioeventfd_disabled ||
        dev->ioeventfd_started) {
        return;
    }
    for (n = 0; n < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX; n++) {
        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, n)) {
            continue;
        }
        r = virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, true, true);
        if (r < 0) {
            goto assign_error;
        }
    }
    dev->ioeventfd_started = true;
    return;

  assign_error:
    while (--n >= 0) {
        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, n)) {
            continue;
        }
        r = virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, false, false);
        assert(r >= 0);
    }
    dev->ioeventfd_started = false;
    /* Disable ioeventfd for this device. */
    dev->flags &= ~VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD;
    error_report("%s: failed. Fallback to userspace (slower).", __func__);
}

static void virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
{
    int n, r;

    if (!dev->ioeventfd_started) {
        return;
    }
    for (n = 0; n < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX; n++) {
        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, n)) {
            continue;
        }
        r = virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, false, false);
        assert(r >= 0);
    }
    dev->ioeventfd_started = false;
}

VirtualCssBus *virtual_css_bus_init(void)
{
    VirtualCssBus *cbus;
    BusState *bus;
    DeviceState *dev;

    /* Create bridge device */
    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "virtual-css-bridge");
    qdev_init_nofail(dev);

    /* Create bus on bridge device */
    bus = qbus_create(TYPE_VIRTUAL_CSS_BUS, dev, "virtual-css");
    cbus = VIRTUAL_CSS_BUS(bus);

    /* Enable hotplugging */
    bus->allow_hotplug = 1;

    return cbus;
}

/* Communication blocks used by several channel commands. */
typedef struct VqInfoBlock {
    uint64_t queue;
    uint32_t align;
    uint16_t index;
    uint16_t num;
} QEMU_PACKED VqInfoBlock;

typedef struct VqConfigBlock {
    uint16_t index;
    uint16_t num_max;
} QEMU_PACKED VqConfigBlock;

typedef struct VirtioFeatDesc {
    uint32_t features;
    uint8_t index;
} QEMU_PACKED VirtioFeatDesc;

/* Specify where the virtqueues for the subchannel are in guest memory. */
static int virtio_ccw_set_vqs(SubchDev *sch, uint64_t addr, uint32_t align,
                              uint16_t index, uint16_t num)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = sch->driver_data;

    if (index > VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    /* Current code in virtio.c relies on 4K alignment. */
    if (addr && (align != 4096)) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    if (!dev) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    virtio_queue_set_addr(dev->vdev, index, addr);
    if (!addr) {
        virtio_queue_set_vector(dev->vdev, index, 0);
    } else {
        /* Fail if we don't have a big enough queue. */
        /* TODO: Add interface to handle vring.num changing */
        if (virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, index) > num) {
            return -EINVAL;
        }
        virtio_queue_set_vector(dev->vdev, index, index);
    }
    /* tell notify handler in case of config change */
    dev->vdev->config_vector = VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX;
    return 0;
}

static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
{
    int ret;
    VqInfoBlock info;
    uint8_t status;
    VirtioFeatDesc features;
    void *config;
    hwaddr indicators;
    VqConfigBlock vq_config;
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = sch->driver_data;
    bool check_len;
    int len;
    hwaddr hw_len;

    if (!dev) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }

    trace_virtio_ccw_interpret_ccw(sch->cssid, sch->ssid, sch->schid,
                                   ccw.cmd_code);
    check_len = !((ccw.flags & CCW_FLAG_SLI) && !(ccw.flags & CCW_FLAG_DC));

    /* Look at the command. */
    switch (ccw.cmd_code) {
    case CCW_CMD_SET_VQ:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(info)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(info)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            info.queue = ldq_phys(ccw.cda);
            info.align = ldl_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(info.queue));
            info.index = lduw_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(info.queue)
                                   + sizeof(info.align));
            info.num = lduw_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(info.queue)
                                 + sizeof(info.align)
                                 + sizeof(info.index));
            ret = virtio_ccw_set_vqs(sch, info.queue, info.align, info.index,
                                     info.num);
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_VDEV_RESET:
        virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
        virtio_reset(dev->vdev);
        ret = 0;
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_READ_FEAT:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(features)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(features)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            features.index = ldub_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(features.features));
            if (features.index < ARRAY_SIZE(dev->host_features)) {
                features.features = dev->host_features[features.index];
            } else {
                /* Return zeroes if the guest supports more feature bits. */
                features.features = 0;
            }
            stl_le_phys(ccw.cda, features.features);
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(features);
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_WRITE_FEAT:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(features)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(features)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            features.index = ldub_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(features.features));
            features.features = ldl_le_phys(ccw.cda);
            if (features.index < ARRAY_SIZE(dev->host_features)) {
                virtio_bus_set_vdev_features(&dev->bus, features.features);
                dev->vdev->guest_features = features.features;
            } else {
                /*
                 * If the guest supports more feature bits, assert that it
                 * passes us zeroes for those we don't support.
                 */
                if (features.features) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "Guest bug: features[%i]=%x (expected 0)\n",
                            features.index, features.features);
                    /* XXX: do a unit check here? */
                }
            }
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(features);
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_READ_CONF:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count > dev->vdev->config_len) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        }
        len = MIN(ccw.count, dev->vdev->config_len);
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            virtio_bus_get_vdev_config(&dev->bus, dev->vdev->config);
            /* XXX config space endianness */
            cpu_physical_memory_write(ccw.cda, dev->vdev->config, len);
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - len;
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_WRITE_CONF:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count > dev->vdev->config_len) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        }
        len = MIN(ccw.count, dev->vdev->config_len);
        hw_len = len;
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            config = cpu_physical_memory_map(ccw.cda, &hw_len, 0);
            if (!config) {
                ret = -EFAULT;
            } else {
                len = hw_len;
                /* XXX config space endianness */
                memcpy(dev->vdev->config, config, len);
                cpu_physical_memory_unmap(config, hw_len, 0, hw_len);
                virtio_bus_set_vdev_config(&dev->bus, dev->vdev->config);
                sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - len;
                ret = 0;
            }
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_WRITE_STATUS:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(status)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(status)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            status = ldub_phys(ccw.cda);
            if (!(status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK)) {
                virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
            }
            virtio_set_status(dev->vdev, status);
            if (dev->vdev->status == 0) {
                virtio_reset(dev->vdev);
            }
            if (status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK) {
                virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(dev);
            }
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(status);
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_SET_IND:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(indicators)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(indicators)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            indicators = ldq_phys(ccw.cda);
            dev->indicators = indicators;
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(indicators);
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_SET_CONF_IND:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(indicators)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(indicators)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            indicators = ldq_phys(ccw.cda);
            dev->indicators2 = indicators;
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(indicators);
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    case CCW_CMD_READ_VQ_CONF:
        if (check_len) {
            if (ccw.count != sizeof(vq_config)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
        } else if (ccw.count < sizeof(vq_config)) {
            /* Can't execute command. */
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
        }
        if (!ccw.cda) {
            ret = -EFAULT;
        } else {
            vq_config.index = lduw_phys(ccw.cda);
            vq_config.num_max = virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev,
                                                     vq_config.index);
            stw_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(vq_config.index), vq_config.num_max);
            sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(vq_config);
            ret = 0;
        }
        break;
    default:
        ret = -ENOSYS;
        break;
    }
    return ret;
}

static int virtio_ccw_device_init(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
{
    unsigned int cssid = 0;
    unsigned int ssid = 0;
    unsigned int schid;
    unsigned int devno;
    bool have_devno = false;
    bool found = false;
    SubchDev *sch;
    int ret;
    int num;
    DeviceState *parent = DEVICE(dev);

    sch = g_malloc0(sizeof(SubchDev));

    sch->driver_data = dev;
    dev->sch = sch;

    dev->vdev = vdev;
    dev->indicators = 0;

    /* Initialize subchannel structure. */
    sch->channel_prog = 0x0;
    sch->last_cmd_valid = false;
    sch->orb = NULL;
    /*
     * Use a device number if provided. Otherwise, fall back to subchannel
     * number.
     */
    if (dev->bus_id) {
        num = sscanf(dev->bus_id, "%x.%x.%04x", &cssid, &ssid, &devno);
        if (num == 3) {
            if ((cssid > MAX_CSSID) || (ssid > MAX_SSID)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                error_report("Invalid cssid or ssid: cssid %x, ssid %x",
                             cssid, ssid);
                goto out_err;
            }
            /* Enforce use of virtual cssid. */
            if (cssid != VIRTUAL_CSSID) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                error_report("cssid %x not valid for virtio devices", cssid);
                goto out_err;
            }
            if (css_devno_used(cssid, ssid, devno)) {
                ret = -EEXIST;
                error_report("Device %x.%x.%04x already exists", cssid, ssid,
                             devno);
                goto out_err;
            }
            sch->cssid = cssid;
            sch->ssid = ssid;
            sch->devno = devno;
            have_devno = true;
        } else {
            ret = -EINVAL;
            error_report("Malformed devno parameter '%s'", dev->bus_id);
            goto out_err;
        }
    }

    /* Find the next free id. */
    if (have_devno) {
        for (schid = 0; schid <= MAX_SCHID; schid++) {
            if (!css_find_subch(1, cssid, ssid, schid)) {
                sch->schid = schid;
                css_subch_assign(cssid, ssid, schid, devno, sch);
                found = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!found) {
            ret = -ENODEV;
            error_report("No free subchannel found for %x.%x.%04x", cssid, ssid,
                         devno);
            goto out_err;
        }
        trace_virtio_ccw_new_device(cssid, ssid, schid, devno,
                                    "user-configured");
    } else {
        cssid = VIRTUAL_CSSID;
        for (ssid = 0; ssid <= MAX_SSID; ssid++) {
            for (schid = 0; schid <= MAX_SCHID; schid++) {
                if (!css_find_subch(1, cssid, ssid, schid)) {
                    sch->cssid = cssid;
                    sch->ssid = ssid;
                    sch->schid = schid;
                    devno = schid;
                    /*
                     * If the devno is already taken, look further in this
                     * subchannel set.
                     */
                    while (css_devno_used(cssid, ssid, devno)) {
                        if (devno == MAX_SCHID) {
                            devno = 0;
                        } else if (devno == schid - 1) {
                            ret = -ENODEV;
                            error_report("No free devno found");
                            goto out_err;
                        } else {
                            devno++;
                        }
                    }
                    sch->devno = devno;
                    css_subch_assign(cssid, ssid, schid, devno, sch);
                    found = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (found) {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!found) {
            ret = -ENODEV;
            error_report("Virtual channel subsystem is full!");
            goto out_err;
        }
        trace_virtio_ccw_new_device(cssid, ssid, schid, devno,
                                    "auto-configured");
    }

    /* Build initial schib. */
    css_sch_build_virtual_schib(sch, 0, VIRTIO_CCW_CHPID_TYPE);

    sch->ccw_cb = virtio_ccw_cb;

    /* Build senseid data. */
    memset(&sch->id, 0, sizeof(SenseId));
    sch->id.reserved = 0xff;
    sch->id.cu_type = VIRTIO_CCW_CU_TYPE;
    sch->id.cu_model = dev->vdev->device_id;

    /* Only the first 32 feature bits are used. */
    dev->host_features[0] = virtio_bus_get_vdev_features(&dev->bus,
                                                         dev->host_features[0]);

    dev->host_features[0] |= 0x1 << VIRTIO_F_NOTIFY_ON_EMPTY;
    dev->host_features[0] |= 0x1 << VIRTIO_F_BAD_FEATURE;

    css_generate_sch_crws(sch->cssid, sch->ssid, sch->schid,
                          parent->hotplugged, 1);
    return 0;

out_err:
    dev->sch = NULL;
    g_free(sch);
    return ret;
}

static int virtio_ccw_exit(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
{
    SubchDev *sch = dev->sch;

    virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
    if (sch) {
        css_subch_assign(sch->cssid, sch->ssid, sch->schid, sch->devno, NULL);
        g_free(sch);
    }
    dev->indicators = 0;
    return 0;
}

static int virtio_ccw_net_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(ccw_dev);
    VirtIONetCcw *dev = VIRTIO_NET_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);

    virtio_net_set_config_size(&dev->vdev, ccw_dev->host_features[0]);
    virtio_net_set_netclient_name(&dev->vdev, qdev->id,
                                  object_get_typename(OBJECT(qdev)));
    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}

static void virtio_ccw_net_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VirtIONetCcw *dev = VIRTIO_NET_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VIRTIO_NET);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);
}

static int virtio_ccw_blk_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    VirtIOBlkCcw *dev = VIRTIO_BLK_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);
    virtio_blk_set_conf(vdev, &(dev->blk));
    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}

static void virtio_ccw_blk_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VirtIOBlkCcw *dev = VIRTIO_BLK_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VIRTIO_BLK);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);
}

static int virtio_ccw_serial_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    VirtioSerialCcw *dev = VIRTIO_SERIAL_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);
    DeviceState *proxy = DEVICE(ccw_dev);
    char *bus_name;

    /*
     * For command line compatibility, this sets the virtio-serial-device bus
     * name as before.
     */
    if (proxy->id) {
        bus_name = g_strdup_printf("%s.0", proxy->id);
        virtio_device_set_child_bus_name(VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev), bus_name);
        g_free(bus_name);
    }

    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}


static void virtio_ccw_serial_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VirtioSerialCcw *dev = VIRTIO_SERIAL_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);
}

static int virtio_ccw_balloon_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    VirtIOBalloonCcw *dev = VIRTIO_BALLOON_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);

    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}

static void balloon_ccw_stats_get_all(Object *obj, struct Visitor *v,
                                      void *opaque, const char *name,
                                      Error **errp)
{
    VirtIOBalloonCcw *dev = opaque;
    object_property_get(OBJECT(&dev->vdev), v, "guest-stats", errp);
}

static void balloon_ccw_stats_get_poll_interval(Object *obj, struct Visitor *v,
                                                void *opaque, const char *name,
                                                Error **errp)
{
    VirtIOBalloonCcw *dev = opaque;
    object_property_get(OBJECT(&dev->vdev), v, "guest-stats-polling-interval",
                        errp);
}

static void balloon_ccw_stats_set_poll_interval(Object *obj, struct Visitor *v,
                                                void *opaque, const char *name,
                                                Error **errp)
{
    VirtIOBalloonCcw *dev = opaque;
    object_property_set(OBJECT(&dev->vdev), v, "guest-stats-polling-interval",
                        errp);
}

static void virtio_ccw_balloon_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VirtIOBalloonCcw *dev = VIRTIO_BALLOON_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VIRTIO_BALLOON);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);

    object_property_add(obj, "guest-stats", "guest statistics",
                        balloon_ccw_stats_get_all, NULL, NULL, dev, NULL);

    object_property_add(obj, "guest-stats-polling-interval", "int",
                        balloon_ccw_stats_get_poll_interval,
                        balloon_ccw_stats_set_poll_interval,
                        NULL, dev, NULL);
}

static int virtio_ccw_scsi_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    VirtIOSCSICcw *dev = VIRTIO_SCSI_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);
    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(ccw_dev);
    char *bus_name;

    /*
     * For command line compatibility, this sets the virtio-scsi-device bus
     * name as before.
     */
    if (qdev->id) {
        bus_name = g_strdup_printf("%s.0", qdev->id);
        virtio_device_set_child_bus_name(VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev), bus_name);
        g_free(bus_name);
    }

    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}

static void virtio_ccw_scsi_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VirtIOSCSICcw *dev = VIRTIO_SCSI_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VIRTIO_SCSI);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_SCSI
static int vhost_ccw_scsi_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    VHostSCSICcw *dev = VHOST_SCSI_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);

    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}

static void vhost_ccw_scsi_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VHostSCSICcw *dev = VHOST_SCSI_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VHOST_SCSI);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);
}
#endif

static int virtio_ccw_rng_init(VirtioCcwDevice *ccw_dev)
{
    VirtIORNGCcw *dev = VIRTIO_RNG_CCW(ccw_dev);
    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);

    qdev_set_parent_bus(vdev, BUS(&ccw_dev->bus));
    if (qdev_init(vdev) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev),
                             OBJECT(dev->vdev.conf.rng), "rng",
                             NULL);

    return virtio_ccw_device_init(ccw_dev, VIRTIO_DEVICE(vdev));
}

/* DeviceState to VirtioCcwDevice. Note: used on datapath,
 * be careful and test performance if you change this.
 */
static inline VirtioCcwDevice *to_virtio_ccw_dev_fast(DeviceState *d)
{
    return container_of(d, VirtioCcwDevice, parent_obj);
}

static void virtio_ccw_notify(DeviceState *d, uint16_t vector)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = to_virtio_ccw_dev_fast(d);
    SubchDev *sch = dev->sch;
    uint64_t indicators;

    if (vector >= 128) {
        return;
    }

    if (vector < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX) {
        if (!dev->indicators) {
            return;
        }
        indicators = ldq_phys(dev->indicators);
        indicators |= 1ULL << vector;
        stq_phys(dev->indicators, indicators);
    } else {
        if (!dev->indicators2) {
            return;
        }
        vector = 0;
        indicators = ldq_phys(dev->indicators2);
        indicators |= 1ULL << vector;
        stq_phys(dev->indicators2, indicators);
    }

    css_conditional_io_interrupt(sch);

}

static unsigned virtio_ccw_get_features(DeviceState *d)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);

    /* Only the first 32 feature bits are used. */
    return dev->host_features[0];
}

static void virtio_ccw_reset(DeviceState *d)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);

    virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
    virtio_reset(dev->vdev);
    css_reset_sch(dev->sch);
    dev->indicators = 0;
    dev->indicators2 = 0;
}

static void virtio_ccw_vmstate_change(DeviceState *d, bool running)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);

    if (running) {
        virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(dev);
    } else {
        virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
    }
}

static bool virtio_ccw_query_guest_notifiers(DeviceState *d)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);

    return !!(dev->sch->curr_status.pmcw.flags & PMCW_FLAGS_MASK_ENA);
}

static int virtio_ccw_set_host_notifier(DeviceState *d, int n, bool assign)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);

    /* Stop using the generic ioeventfd, we are doing eventfd handling
     * ourselves below */
    dev->ioeventfd_disabled = assign;
    if (assign) {
        virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
    }
    return virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, assign, false);
}

static int virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifier(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, int n,
                                         bool assign, bool with_irqfd)
{
    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(dev->vdev, n);
    EventNotifier *notifier = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq);
    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev->vdev);

    if (assign) {
        int r = event_notifier_init(notifier, 0);

        if (r < 0) {
            return r;
        }
        virtio_queue_set_guest_notifier_fd_handler(vq, true, with_irqfd);
        /* We do not support irqfd for classic I/O interrupts, because the
         * classic interrupts are intermixed with the subchannel status, that
         * is queried with test subchannel. We want to use vhost, though.
         * Lets make sure to have vhost running and wire up the irq fd to
         * land in qemu (and only the irq fd) in this code.
         */
        if (k->guest_notifier_mask) {
            k->guest_notifier_mask(dev->vdev, n, false);
        }
        /* get lost events and re-inject */
        if (k->guest_notifier_pending &&
            k->guest_notifier_pending(dev->vdev, n)) {
            event_notifier_set(notifier);
        }
    } else {
        if (k->guest_notifier_mask) {
            k->guest_notifier_mask(dev->vdev, n, true);
        }
        virtio_queue_set_guest_notifier_fd_handler(vq, false, with_irqfd);
        event_notifier_cleanup(notifier);
    }
    return 0;
}

static int virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifiers(DeviceState *d, int nvqs,
                                          bool assigned)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);
    VirtIODevice *vdev = dev->vdev;
    int r, n;

    for (n = 0; n < nvqs; n++) {
        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
            break;
        }
        /* false -> true, as soon as irqfd works */
        r = virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifier(dev, n, assigned, false);
        if (r < 0) {
            goto assign_error;
        }
    }
    return 0;

assign_error:
    while (--n >= 0) {
        virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifier(dev, n, !assigned, false);
    }
    return r;
}

/**************** Virtio-ccw Bus Device Descriptions *******************/

static Property virtio_ccw_net_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_NET_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_NET_PROPERTIES(VirtIONetCcw, vdev.net_conf),
    DEFINE_NIC_PROPERTIES(VirtIONetCcw, vdev.nic_conf),
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtioCcwDevice, flags,
                    VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_ccw_net_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtio_ccw_net_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = virtio_ccw_net_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_net = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_NET_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIONetCcw),
    .instance_init = virtio_ccw_net_instance_init,
    .class_init    = virtio_ccw_net_class_init,
};

static Property virtio_ccw_blk_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_BLK_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_BLK_PROPERTIES(VirtIOBlkCcw, blk),
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtioCcwDevice, flags,
                    VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
#ifdef CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK_DATA_PLANE
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("x-data-plane", VirtIOBlkCcw, blk.data_plane, 0, false),
#endif
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_ccw_blk_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtio_ccw_blk_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = virtio_ccw_blk_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_blk = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_BLK_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOBlkCcw),
    .instance_init = virtio_ccw_blk_instance_init,
    .class_init    = virtio_ccw_blk_class_init,
};

static Property virtio_ccw_serial_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_SERIAL_PROPERTIES(VirtioSerialCcw, vdev.serial),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_COMMON_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtioCcwDevice, flags,
                    VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_ccw_serial_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtio_ccw_serial_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = virtio_ccw_serial_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_serial = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtioSerialCcw),
    .instance_init = virtio_ccw_serial_instance_init,
    .class_init    = virtio_ccw_serial_class_init,
};

static Property virtio_ccw_balloon_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_COMMON_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtioCcwDevice, flags,
                    VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_ccw_balloon_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtio_ccw_balloon_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = virtio_ccw_balloon_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_balloon = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_BALLOON_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOBalloonCcw),
    .instance_init = virtio_ccw_balloon_instance_init,
    .class_init    = virtio_ccw_balloon_class_init,
};

static Property virtio_ccw_scsi_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_SCSI_PROPERTIES(VirtIOSCSICcw, vdev.parent_obj.conf),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_SCSI_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtioCcwDevice, flags,
                    VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_ccw_scsi_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtio_ccw_scsi_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = virtio_ccw_scsi_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_scsi = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_SCSI_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOSCSICcw),
    .instance_init = virtio_ccw_scsi_instance_init,
    .class_init    = virtio_ccw_scsi_class_init,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_SCSI
static Property vhost_ccw_scsi_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VHOST_SCSI_PROPERTIES(VirtIOSCSICcw, vdev.parent_obj.conf),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_COMMON_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void vhost_ccw_scsi_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = vhost_ccw_scsi_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = vhost_ccw_scsi_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo vhost_ccw_scsi = {
    .name          = TYPE_VHOST_SCSI_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOSCSICcw),
    .instance_init = vhost_ccw_scsi_instance_init,
    .class_init    = vhost_ccw_scsi_class_init,
};
#endif

static void virtio_ccw_rng_instance_init(Object *obj)
{
    VirtIORNGCcw *dev = VIRTIO_RNG_CCW(obj);
    object_initialize(&dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev), TYPE_VIRTIO_RNG);
    object_property_add_child(obj, "virtio-backend", OBJECT(&dev->vdev), NULL);
    object_property_add_link(obj, "rng", TYPE_RNG_BACKEND,
                             (Object **)&dev->vdev.conf.rng, NULL);
}

static Property virtio_ccw_rng_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("devno", VirtioCcwDevice, bus_id),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_COMMON_FEATURES(VirtioCcwDevice, host_features[0]),
    DEFINE_VIRTIO_RNG_PROPERTIES(VirtIORNGCcw, vdev.conf),
    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtioCcwDevice, flags,
                    VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_ccw_rng_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtio_ccw_rng_init;
    k->exit = virtio_ccw_exit;
    dc->reset = virtio_ccw_reset;
    dc->props = virtio_ccw_rng_properties;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_rng = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_RNG_CCW,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIORNGCcw),
    .instance_init = virtio_ccw_rng_instance_init,
    .class_init    = virtio_ccw_rng_class_init,
};

static int virtio_ccw_busdev_init(DeviceState *dev)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *_dev = (VirtioCcwDevice *)dev;
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *_info = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);

    virtio_ccw_bus_new(&_dev->bus, sizeof(_dev->bus), _dev);

    return _info->init(_dev);
}

static int virtio_ccw_busdev_exit(DeviceState *dev)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *_dev = (VirtioCcwDevice *)dev;
    VirtIOCCWDeviceClass *_info = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);

    return _info->exit(_dev);
}

static int virtio_ccw_busdev_unplug(DeviceState *dev)
{
    VirtioCcwDevice *_dev = (VirtioCcwDevice *)dev;
    SubchDev *sch = _dev->sch;

    /*
     * We should arrive here only for device_del, since we don't support
     * direct hot(un)plug of channels, but only through virtio.
     */
    assert(sch != NULL);
    /* Subchannel is now disabled and no longer valid. */
    sch->curr_status.pmcw.flags &= ~(PMCW_FLAGS_MASK_ENA |
                                     PMCW_FLAGS_MASK_DNV);

    css_generate_sch_crws(sch->cssid, sch->ssid, sch->schid, 1, 0);

    object_unparent(OBJECT(dev));
    return 0;
}

static void virtio_ccw_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    dc->init = virtio_ccw_busdev_init;
    dc->exit = virtio_ccw_busdev_exit;
    dc->unplug = virtio_ccw_busdev_unplug;
    dc->bus_type = TYPE_VIRTUAL_CSS_BUS;

}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_device_info = {
    .name = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE,
    .parent = TYPE_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtioCcwDevice),
    .class_init = virtio_ccw_device_class_init,
    .class_size = sizeof(VirtIOCCWDeviceClass),
    .abstract = true,
};

/***************** Virtual-css Bus Bridge Device ********************/
/* Only required to have the virtio bus as child in the system bus */

static int virtual_css_bridge_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
{
    /* nothing */
    return 0;
}

static void virtual_css_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->init = virtual_css_bridge_init;
    dc->no_user = 1;
}

static const TypeInfo virtual_css_bridge_info = {
    .name          = "virtual-css-bridge",
    .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(SysBusDevice),
    .class_init    = virtual_css_bridge_class_init,
};

/* virtio-ccw-bus */

static void virtio_ccw_bus_new(VirtioBusState *bus, size_t bus_size,
                               VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
{
    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(dev);
    BusState *qbus;
    char virtio_bus_name[] = "virtio-bus";

    qbus_create_inplace(bus, bus_size, TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_BUS,
                        qdev, virtio_bus_name);
    qbus = BUS(bus);
    qbus->allow_hotplug = 1;
}

static void virtio_ccw_bus_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_CLASS(klass);
    BusClass *bus_class = BUS_CLASS(klass);

    bus_class->max_dev = 1;
    k->notify = virtio_ccw_notify;
    k->get_features = virtio_ccw_get_features;
    k->vmstate_change = virtio_ccw_vmstate_change;
    k->query_guest_notifiers = virtio_ccw_query_guest_notifiers;
    k->set_host_notifier = virtio_ccw_set_host_notifier;
    k->set_guest_notifiers = virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifiers;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_ccw_bus_info = {
    .name = TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_BUS,
    .parent = TYPE_VIRTIO_BUS,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtioCcwBusState),
    .class_init = virtio_ccw_bus_class_init,
};

static void virtio_ccw_register(void)
{
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_bus_info);
    type_register_static(&virtual_css_bus_info);
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_device_info);
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_serial);
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_blk);
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_net);
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_balloon);
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_scsi);
#ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_SCSI
    type_register_static(&vhost_ccw_scsi);
#endif
    type_register_static(&virtio_ccw_rng);
    type_register_static(&virtual_css_bridge_info);
}

type_init(virtio_ccw_register)