diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/transam.c b/src/backend/access/transam/transam.c
index 1ba4bbead5..e9e0ef79c1 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/transam.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/transam.c
@@ -226,10 +226,15 @@ TransactionIdDidAbort(TransactionId transactionId)
  *
  * This does NOT look into pg_xact but merely probes our local cache
  * (and so it's not named TransactionIdDidComplete, which would be the
- * appropriate name for a function that worked that way).  The intended
- * use is just to short-circuit TransactionIdIsInProgress calls when doing
- * repeated heapam_visibility.c checks for the same XID.  If this isn't
- * extremely fast then it will be counterproductive.
+ * appropriate name for a function that worked that way).
+ *
+ * NB: This is unused, and will be removed in v15. This was used to
+ * short-circuit TransactionIdIsInProgress, but that was wrong for a
+ * transaction that was known to be marked as committed in CLOG but not
+ * yet removed from the proc array. This is kept in backbranches just in
+ * case it is still used by extensions.  However, extensions doing
+ * something similar to tuple visibility checks should also be careful to
+ * check the proc array first!
  *
  * Note:
  *		Assumes transaction identifier is valid.
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c
index 33a890736a..755f842d6a 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c
@@ -262,6 +262,11 @@ static ProcArrayStruct *procArray;
 
 static PGPROC *allProcs;
 
+/*
+ * Cache to reduce overhead of repeated calls to TransactionIdIsInProgress()
+ */
+static TransactionId cachedXidIsNotInProgress = InvalidTransactionId;
+
 /*
  * Bookkeeping for tracking emulated transactions in recovery
  */
@@ -1404,7 +1409,7 @@ TransactionIdIsInProgress(TransactionId xid)
 	 * already known to be completed, we can fall out without any access to
 	 * shared memory.
 	 */
-	if (TransactionIdIsKnownCompleted(xid))
+	if (TransactionIdEquals(cachedXidIsNotInProgress, xid))
 	{
 		xc_by_known_xact_inc();
 		return false;
@@ -1562,6 +1567,7 @@ TransactionIdIsInProgress(TransactionId xid)
 	if (nxids == 0)
 	{
 		xc_no_overflow_inc();
+		cachedXidIsNotInProgress = xid;
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -1576,7 +1582,10 @@ TransactionIdIsInProgress(TransactionId xid)
 	xc_slow_answer_inc();
 
 	if (TransactionIdDidAbort(xid))
+	{
+		cachedXidIsNotInProgress = xid;
 		return false;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * It isn't aborted, so check whether the transaction tree it belongs to
@@ -1594,6 +1603,7 @@ TransactionIdIsInProgress(TransactionId xid)
 		}
 	}
 
+	cachedXidIsNotInProgress = xid;
 	return false;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/xid8funcs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/xid8funcs.c
index cc2b4ac797..d0e236ee3c 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/xid8funcs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/xid8funcs.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
 #include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "storage/procarray.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/snapmgr.h"
@@ -677,29 +678,22 @@ pg_xact_status(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	{
 		Assert(TransactionIdIsValid(xid));
 
-		if (TransactionIdIsCurrentTransactionId(xid))
+		/*
+		 * Like when doing visiblity checks on a row, check whether the
+		 * transaction is still in progress before looking into the CLOG.
+		 * Otherwise we would incorrectly return "committed" for a transaction
+		 * that is committing and has already updated the CLOG, but hasn't
+		 * removed its XID from the proc array yet. (See comment on that race
+		 * condition at the top of heapam_visibility.c)
+		 */
+		if (TransactionIdIsInProgress(xid))
 			status = "in progress";
 		else if (TransactionIdDidCommit(xid))
 			status = "committed";
-		else if (TransactionIdDidAbort(xid))
-			status = "aborted";
 		else
 		{
-			/*
-			 * The xact is not marked as either committed or aborted in clog.
-			 *
-			 * It could be a transaction that ended without updating clog or
-			 * writing an abort record due to a crash. We can safely assume
-			 * it's aborted if it isn't committed and is older than our
-			 * snapshot xmin.
-			 *
-			 * Otherwise it must be in-progress (or have been at the time we
-			 * checked commit/abort status).
-			 */
-			if (TransactionIdPrecedes(xid, GetActiveSnapshot()->xmin))
-				status = "aborted";
-			else
-				status = "in progress";
+			/* it must have aborted or crashed */
+			status = "aborted";
 		}
 	}
 	else