Improve wording of pg_hba.conf file.
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Bruce Momjian
parent
fc70104725
commit
db1d7a9ada
@ -9,27 +9,28 @@
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#
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# It is read on postmaster startup and when the postmaster receives a SIGHUP.
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# If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the postmaster
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# for the changes to take effect.
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# for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload".
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#
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# Each line is a new record. Records cannot be continued across multiple
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# lines. Comments begin with # and continue to the end of the line.
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# Each line is a new record. Records cannot span multiple lines.
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# Comments begin with # and continue to the end of the line.
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# Blank lines are ignored. A record consists of tokens separated by
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# multiple spaces or tabs.
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# spaces or tabs.
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#
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# Each record specifies the authentication method to be used for connections
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# of a certain type that match a certain set of IP addresses (if relevant
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# for the connection type) and a certain database or databases. The
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# postmaster finds the first record that matches the connection type,
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# client address, and database name, and uses that record to perform client
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# authentication. If no record matches, the connection is rejected.
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# Each record specifies a connection type and authentication method. Most
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# records also can restrict based on database name or IP address.
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#
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# The first token of a record indicates its type. The remainder of the
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# record is interpreted based on its type.
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# When reading this file, the postmaster finds the first record that
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# matches the connection type, client address, and database name, and uses
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# that record to perform client authentication. If no record matches, the
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# connection is rejected.
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#
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# The first token of a record indicates the connection type. The
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# remainder of the record is interpreted based on that type.
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#
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# Record Types
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# ============
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#
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# There are three types of records:
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# There are three record types:
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# o host
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# o hostssl
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# o local
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@ -37,26 +38,25 @@
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# host
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# ----
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#
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# This record identifies networked hosts that are permitted to connect
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# via IP connections.
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# This record identifies hosts that are permitted to connect via TCP/IP.
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#
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# Format:
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#
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# host DBNAME IP_ADDRESS ADDRESS_MASK AUTH_TYPE [AUTH_ARGUMENT]
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#
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# DBNAME can be:
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# o the name of a PostgreSQL database
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# o "all" to indicate all databases
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# o "sameuser" to allow access only to databases with the same
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# name as the connecting user
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# o a database name
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# o "all", which means the record matches all databases
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# o "sameuser", which means users can only access databases whose name
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# is the same as their username
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#
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# The superuser needs access to the 'template1' database because it is used
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# by a variety of PostgreSQL utility commands.
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#
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# IP_ADDRESS and ADDRESS_MASK are standard dotted decimal IP address and
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# mask values. IP addresses can only be specified numerically, not as
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# domain or host names.
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#
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# Do not prevent the superuser from accessing the template1 database.
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# Various utility commands need access to template1.
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#
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# AUTH_TYPE and AUTH_ARGUMENT are described below.
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#
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#
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@ -65,42 +65,43 @@
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#
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# The format of this record is identical to "host".
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#
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# This record identifies a set of network hosts that are permitted to
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# connect to databases over secure SSL IP connections. Note that a "host"
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# record will also allow SSL connections. "hostssl" matches *only*
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# SSL-secured connections.
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#
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#
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# It specifies hosts that required connection via secure SSL. "host"
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# records allow SSL connections too, but "hostssl" only allows SSL-secured
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# connections.
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#
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# This keyword is only available if the server was compiled with SSL
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# support enabled.
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# support.
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#
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#
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# local
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# -----
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#
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# This record identifies the authentication to use when connecting to
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# the server via a local UNIX domain socket. UNIX-socket connections are
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# allowed only if this record type appears.
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# This record identifies the authentication for local UNIX domain socket
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# connections. Without this record, UNIX-socket connections are disallowed
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#
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# Format:
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# local DBNAME AUTH_TYPE [AUTH_ARGUMENT]
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#
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# This format is identical to the "host" record type except the IP_ADDRESS
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# and ADDRESS_MASK fields are omitted.
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# This format is identical to the "host" record type except there are no
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# IP_ADDRESS and ADDRESS_MASK fields.
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#
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#
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#
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# Authentication Types (AUTH_TYPE)
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# ================================
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#
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# AUTH_TYPE indicates the method used to authenticate users. The username
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# is specified in the connection request. A different AUTH_TYPE can be
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# specified for each record in the file.
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#
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# trust: No authentication is done. Any valid username is accepted,
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# AUTH_TYPE indicates the method used to authenticate users. Each record
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# has an AUTH_TYPE.
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#
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# trust:
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# No authentication is done. Any valid username is accepted,
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# including the PostgreSQL superuser. This option should
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# be used only for hosts where all users are trusted.
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#
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# password: Authentication is done by matching a password supplied
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# password:
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# Authentication is done by matching a password supplied
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# in clear by the host. If no AUTH_ARGUMENT is used, the
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# password is compared with the user's entry in the
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# pg_shadow table.
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@ -115,48 +116,54 @@
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# used in multiple records for easier administration.
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# Password files can be maintained with the pg_passwd(1)
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# utility. Remember, these passwords override pg_shadow
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# passwords.
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# passwords. Also, such passwords are passed over the network
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# in cleartext, meaning this should not be used on untrusted
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# networks.
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#
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# md5: Same as "password", but the password is encrypted while
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# being sent over the network. This method is preferable to
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# "password" except for pre-7.2 clients that don't support it.
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# NOTE: md5 can use usernames stored in secondary password
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# files but ignores passwords stored there. The pg_shadow
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# password will always be used.
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# md5:
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# Same as "password", except the password is encrypted over the
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# network. This method is preferable to "password" and "crypt"
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# except for pre-7.2 clients that don't support it. NOTE: md5 can
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# use usernames stored in secondary password files but ignores
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# passwords stored there. The pg_shadow password will always be
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# used.
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#
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# crypt: Same as "md5", but uses crypt for pre-7.2 clients. You can
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# crypt:
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# Same as "md5", but uses crypt for pre-7.2 clients. You can
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# not store encrypted passwords in pg_shadow if you use this
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# method.
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#
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# ident: For TCP/IP connections, authentication is done by contacting
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# the ident server on the client host. Remember, this is
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# only as secure as the client machine. On machines that
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# support unix-domain socket credentials (currently Linux,
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# FreeBSD, NetBSD, and BSD/OS), this method also works for
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# "local" connections.
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# ident:
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# For TCP/IP connections, authentication is done by contacting the
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# ident server on the client host. This is only as secure as the
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# client machine. On machines that support unix-domain socket
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# credentials (currently Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and BSD/OS), this
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# method also works for "local" connections.
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#
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# AUTH_ARGUMENT is required: it determines how to map
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# remote user names to Postgres user names. The
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# AUTH_ARGUMENT is a map name found in the
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# $PGDATA/pg_ident.conf file. The connection is accepted
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# if that file contains an entry for this map name with
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# the ident-supplied username and the requested Postgres
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# username. The special map name "sameuser" indicates an
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# implied map (not in pg_ident.conf) that maps each ident
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# username to the identical PostgreSQL username.
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#
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# krb4: Kerberos V4 authentication is used. Allowed only for
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# AUTH_ARGUMENT is required. It determines how to map remote user
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# names to PostgreSQL user names. If you use "sameuser", the user
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# names are assumed to be the identical. If not, AUTH_ARGUMENT is
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# assumed to be a map name found in the $PGDATA/pg_ident.conf
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# file. The connection is accepted if that file contains an entry
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# for this map name with the ident-supplied username and the
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# requested PostgreSQL username.
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#
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# krb4:
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# Kerberos V4 authentication is used. Allowed only for
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# TCP/IP connections, not for local UNIX-domain sockets.
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#
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# krb5: Kerberos V5 authentication is used. Allowed only for
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# krb5:
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# Kerberos V5 authentication is used. Allowed only for
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# TCP/IP connections, not for local UNIX-domain sockets.
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#
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# pam: Authentication is passed off to PAM (PostgreSQL must be
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# configured --with-pam), using the default service name
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# "postgresql" - you can specify your own service name, by
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# setting AUTH_ARGUMENT to the desired service name.
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# pam:
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# Authentication is passed off to PAM (PostgreSQL must be
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# configured --with-pam), using the default service name
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# "postgresql" - you can specify your own service name by
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# setting AUTH_ARGUMENT to the desired service name.
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#
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# reject: Reject the connection. This is used to reject certain hosts
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# reject:
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# Reject the connection. This is used to reject certain hosts
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# that are part of a network specified later in the file.
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# To be effective, "reject" must appear before the later
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# entries.
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@ -169,10 +176,12 @@
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#
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# Allow any user on the local system to connect to any database under any
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# username using Unix-domain sockets (the default for local connections):
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#
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# TYPE DATABASE IP_ADDRESS MASK AUTH_TYPE AUTH_ARGUMENT
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# local all trust
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#
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# The same using local loopback IP connections:
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# The same using local loopback TCP/IP connections:
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#
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# TYPE DATABASE IP_ADDRESS MASK AUTH_TYPE AUTH_ARGUMENT
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# host all 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 trust
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#
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@ -191,9 +200,9 @@
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#
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# In the absence of preceding "host" lines, these two lines will reject
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# all connection from 192.168.54.1 (since that entry will be matched
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# first), but allow Kerberos V5-validated connections from anywhere else
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# on the Internet. The zero mask means that no bits of the host IP address
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# are considered, so it matches any host:
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# first), but allow Kerberos V5 connections from anywhere else on the
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# Internet. The zero mask means that no bits of the host IP address are
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# considered, so it matches any host:
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#
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#
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# TYPE DATABASE IP_ADDRESS MASK AUTH_TYPE AUTH_ARGUMENT
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@ -210,11 +219,11 @@
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# host all 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 ident phoenix
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#
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# If these are the only two lines for local connections, they will allow
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# local users to connect only to their own databases (database named the
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# same as the user name), except for administrators who may connect to
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# all databases. The file $PGDATA/admins lists the user names who are
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# permitted to connect to all databases. Passwords are required in all
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# cases. (If you prefer to use ident authorization, an ident map can
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# local users to connect only to their own databases (databases with the
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# same name as their user name) except for administrators who may connect
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# to all databases. The file $PGDATA/admins lists the user names who are
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# permitted to connect to all databases. Passwords are required in all
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# cases. (If you prefer to use ident authorization, an ident map can
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# serve a parallel purpose to the password list file used here.)
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#
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# TYPE DATABASE IP_ADDRESS MASK AUTH_TYPE AUTH_ARGUMENT
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@ -228,12 +237,14 @@
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# Put your actual configuration here
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# ==================================
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#
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# This default configuration allows any local user to connect with any
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# PostgreSQL username, over either UNIX domain sockets or IP.
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# The default configuration allows any local user to connect using any
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# PostgreSQL username, including the superuser, over either UNIX domain
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# sockets or TCP/IP.
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#
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# If you want to allow non-local connections, you will need to add more
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# "host" records. Also, remember IP connections are only enabled if you
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# start the postmaster with the -i option.
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# If you want to allow non-local connections, you need to add more "host"
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# records. Also, remember TCP/IP connections are only enabled if you
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# start the postmaster with the -i flag, or enable "tcpip_socket" in
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# $PGDATA/postgresql.conf.
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#
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# CAUTION: if you are on a multiple-user machine, the default
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# configuration is probably too liberal for you. Change it to use
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