SQL> Dump
- The idea behind this dump method is to generate a text file with SQL
+ The idea behind this dump method is to generate a file with SQL
commands that, when fed back to the server, will recreate the
database in the same state as it was at the time of the dump.
PostgreSQL> provides the utility program
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ pg_dump dbname >
As you see, pg_dump> writes its result to the
standard output. We will see below how this can be useful.
+ While the above command creates a text file, pg_dump>
+ can create files in other formats that allow for parallism and more
+ fine-grained control of object restoration.
@@ -98,20 +101,11 @@ pg_dump dbname > ALTER TABLE.)
-
-
- If your database schema relies on OIDs (for instance, as foreign
- keys) you must instruct pg_dump> to dump the OIDs
- as well. To do this, use the command-line
- option.
-
-
-
Restoring the Dump
- The text files created by pg_dump> are intended to
+ Text files created by pg_dump> are intended to
be read in by the psql program. The
general command form to restore a dump is
@@ -127,6 +121,8 @@ psql dbname < pg_dump> for specifying
the database server to connect to and the user name to use. See
the reference page for more information.
+ Non-text file dumps are restored using the utility.
@@ -225,7 +221,14 @@ psql -f infile postgres
roles, tablespaces, and empty databases, then invoking
pg_dump> for each database. This means that while
each database will be internally consistent, the snapshots of
- different databases might not be exactly in-sync.
+ different databases are not sychronized.
+
+
+
+ Cluster-wide data can be dumped alone using the
+ pg_dumpall>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml
index 1d91d92fe3..f337485736 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml
@@ -1517,8 +1517,9 @@ $ kill -INT `head -1 /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`major> releases of PostgreSQL>, the
internal data storage format is subject to change, thus complicating
upgrades. The traditional method for moving data to a new major version
- is to dump and reload the database. Other methods are available,
- as discussed below.
+ is to dump and reload the database, though this can be slow. A
+ faster method is . Replication methods are
+ also available, as discussed below.
@@ -1593,12 +1594,14 @@ $ kill -INT `head -1 /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
-
- Upgrading Data via pg_dump>
+
+ Upgrading Data via pg_dumpall>
- To dump data from one major version of PostgreSQL> and
- reload it in another, you must use pg_dump>; file system
+ One upgrade method is to dump data from one major version of
+ PostgreSQL> and reload it in another — to do
+ this, you must use a logical> backup tool like
+ pg_dumpall>; file system
level backup methods will not work. (There are checks in place that prevent
you from using a data directory with an incompatible version of
PostgreSQL, so no great harm can be done by
@@ -1607,7 +1610,8 @@ $ kill -INT `head -1 /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
It is recommended that you use the pg_dump> and
- pg_dumpall> programs from the newer version of
+ pg_dumpall> programs from the newer>
+ version of
PostgreSQL>, to take advantage of enhancements
that might have been made in these programs. Current releases of the
dump programs can read data from any server version back to 7.0.
@@ -1642,14 +1646,12 @@ $ kill -INT `head -1 /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`pg_dumpall > outputfile>
- If you need to preserve OIDs (such as when using them as
- foreign keys), then use the option when running
- pg_dumpall>.
To make the backup, you can use the pg_dumpall
- command from the version you are currently running. For best
+ command from the version you are currently running; see for more details. For best
results, however, try to use the pg_dumpall
command from PostgreSQL &version;,
since this version contains bug fixes and improvements over older
@@ -1683,7 +1685,8 @@ $ kill -INT `head -1 /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
If restoring from backup, rename or delete the old installation
- directory. It is a good idea to rename the directory, rather than
+ directory if it is not version-specific. It is a good idea to
+ rename the directory, rather than
delete it, in case you have trouble and need to revert to it. Keep
in mind the directory might consume significant disk space. To rename
the directory, use a command like this:
@@ -1755,16 +1758,24 @@ pg_dumpall -p 5432 | psql -d postgres -p 5433
-
- Non-Dump Upgrade Methods
+
+ Upgrading Data via pg_upgrade>
- The pg_upgrade module allows an
- installation to be migrated in-place from one major
- PostgreSQL> version to the next. Upgrades can be
- performed in minutes.
+ The module allows an installation to
+ be migrated in-place from one major PostgreSQL>
+ version to another. Upgrades can be performed in minutes,
+ particularly with
+
+
+
+ Upgrading Data via Replication
+
It is also possible to use certain replication methods, such as
Slony>, to create a standby server with the updated version of