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Release notes for 13.2, 12.6, 11.11, 10.16, 9.6.21, 9.5.25.

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<!-- doc/src/sgml/release-9.5.sgml -->
<!-- See header comment in release.sgml about typical markup -->
<sect1 id="release-9-5-25">
<title>Release 9.5.25</title>
<formalpara>
<title>Release date:</title>
<para>2021-02-11</para>
</formalpara>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 9.5.24.
For information about new features in the 9.5 major release, see
<xref linkend="release-9-5">.
</para>
<para>
This is expected to be the last <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
release in the 9.5.X series. Users are encouraged to update to a newer
release branch soon.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.5.25</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 9.5.X.
</para>
<para>
However, see the first changelog item below,
which describes cases in which reindexing indexes after the upgrade
may be advisable.
</para>
<para>
Also, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 9.5.20,
see <xref linkend="release-9-5-20">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com>
Branch: master [8a54e12a3] 2021-01-30 00:00:27 -0800
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [86a5b309c] 2021-01-30 00:00:42 -0800
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Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [77a0e14f0] 2021-01-30 00:05:34 -0800
-->
<para>
Fix <command>CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY</command> to wait for
concurrent prepared transactions (Andrey Borodin)
</para>
<para>
At the point where <command>CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY</command>
waits for all concurrent transactions to complete so that it can see
rows they inserted, it must also wait for all prepared transactions
to complete, for the same reason. Its failure to do so meant that
rows inserted by prepared transactions might be omitted from the new
index, causing queries relying on the index to miss such rows.
In installations that have enabled prepared transactions
(<varname>max_prepared_transactions</varname> &gt; 0),
it's recommended to reindex any concurrently-built indexes in
case this problem occurred when they were built.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [a0efda88a] 2021-01-19 13:25:33 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [188cd4f44] 2021-01-19 13:25:40 -0500
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-->
<para>
Avoid incorrect results when <literal>WHERE CURRENT OF</literal> is
applied to a cursor whose plan contains a MergeAppend node (Tom
Lane)
</para>
<para>
This case is unsupported (in general, a cursor using <literal>ORDER
BY</literal> is not guaranteed to be simply updatable); but the code
previously did not reject it, and could silently give false matches.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [60661bbf2] 2021-01-18 18:32:30 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [f0f53195b] 2021-01-18 18:32:40 -0500
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-->
<para>
Fix crash when <literal>WHERE CURRENT OF</literal> is applied to a
cursor whose plan contains a custom scan node (David Geier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [b1738ff6a] 2020-11-30 12:22:43 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [666a4de93] 2020-11-30 12:22:43 -0500
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-->
<para>
Fix planner's handling of a placeholder that is computed at some
join level and used only at that same level (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This oversight could lead to <quote>failed to build
any <replaceable>N</replaceable>-way joins</quote> planner errors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Andrew Gierth <rhodiumtoad@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [660b89928] 2020-11-24 21:58:32 +0000
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [6dda05704] 2020-11-24 21:16:58 +0000
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-->
<para>
Be more careful about whether index AMs support mark/restore
(Andrew Gierth)
</para>
<para>
This prevents errors about missing support functions in rare edge
cases.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Branch: master [21378e1fe] 2021-01-20 11:38:17 +0900
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [31e0f9d76] 2021-01-20 11:39:14 +0900
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<para>
Fix <command>ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES</command> to handle duplicated
arguments safely (Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
Duplicate role or schema names within the same command could lead
to <quote>tuple already updated by self</quote> errors or
unique-constraint violations.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com>
Branch: master [08db7c63f] 2020-12-25 10:41:59 -0800
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [9f8a48bb2] 2020-12-25 10:42:02 -0800
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-->
<para>
Flush ACL-related caches when <structname>pg_authid</structname>
changes (Noah Misch)
</para>
<para>
This change ensures that permissions-related decisions will promptly
reflect the results of <command>ALTER ROLE ... [NO] INHERIT</command>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [f7f83a55b] 2020-12-01 14:02:27 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [dffc82a5b] 2020-12-01 14:02:27 -0500
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-->
<para>
Prevent misprocessing of ambiguous <command>CREATE TABLE
LIKE</command> clauses (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
A <literal>LIKE</literal> clause is re-examined after initial
creation of the new table, to handle importation of indexes and
such. It was possible for this re-examination to find a different
table of the same name, causing unexpected behavior; one example is
where the new table is a temporary table of the same name as
the <literal>LIKE</literal> target.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [97390fe8a] 2020-11-19 15:03:17 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [98f3f1d5c] 2020-11-19 15:03:17 -0500
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-->
<para>
Rearrange order of operations in <command>CREATE TABLE
LIKE</command> so that indexes are cloned before building foreign
key constraints (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This fixes the case where a self-referential foreign key constraint
declared in the outer <command>CREATE TABLE</command> depends on an
index that's coming from the <literal>LIKE </literal> clause.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [dd705a039] 2021-02-06 15:17:01 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [4353bc878] 2021-02-06 15:17:01 -0500
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Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [5ad03374b] 2021-02-06 15:17:02 -0500
-->
<para>
Disallow converting an inheritance child table to a view
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Thomas Munro <tmunro@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [9f35f9437] 2020-12-01 13:21:03 +1300
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [fd3a75d82] 2020-12-01 13:22:01 +1300
Branch: REL_12_STABLE [50f338574] 2020-12-01 13:37:00 +1300
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [d5706ad7b] 2020-12-01 13:46:27 +1300
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-->
<para>
Ensure that disk space allocated for a dropped relation is released
promptly at commit (Thomas Munro)
</para>
<para>
Previously, if the dropped relation spanned multiple 1GB segments,
only the first segment was truncated immediately. Other segments
were simply unlinked, which doesn't authorize the kernel to release
the storage so long as any other backends still have the files open.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>
Branch: master [c444472af] 2021-02-05 11:14:56 +0200
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [c87cbd51e] 2021-02-05 11:19:48 +0200
Branch: REL_12_STABLE [9b0ce8957] 2021-02-05 11:16:33 +0200
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [d9b4163c5] 2021-02-05 11:16:53 +0200
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [c06632e48] 2021-02-05 11:17:07 +0200
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [e152ccc7f] 2021-02-05 11:17:13 +0200
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [aaf266157] 2021-02-05 11:17:27 +0200
-->
<para>
Fix handling of backslash-escaped multibyte characters
in <command>COPY FROM</command> (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
A backslash followed by a multibyte character was not handled
correctly. In some client character encodings, this could lead to
misinterpreting part of a multibyte character as a field separator
or end-of-copy-data marker.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>
Branch: master [2cccb627f] 2020-11-18 12:39:15 +0200
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [340ae3cfb] 2020-11-20 14:41:14 +0200
Branch: REL_12_STABLE [888fa2bae] 2020-11-20 14:46:47 +0200
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<para>
Avoid preallocating executor hash tables
in <command>EXPLAIN</command> without <literal>ANALYZE</literal>
(Alexey Bashtanov)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [9c83b54a9] 2020-11-28 14:03:40 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [f5de090cc] 2020-11-28 14:03:40 -0500
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<para>
Fix recently-introduced race conditions
in <command>LISTEN</command>/<command>NOTIFY</command> queue
handling (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
A newly-listening backend could attempt to read SLRU pages that
were in process of being truncated, possibly causing an error.
</para>
<para>
The queue tail pointer could become
set to a value that's not equal to the queue position of any
backend, resulting in effective disabling of the queue truncation
logic. Continued use of <command>NOTIFY</command> then led to
queue-fill warnings, and eventually to inability to send any more
notifies until the server is restarted.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [ff5d5611c] 2020-12-21 13:11:50 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [38d30a14b] 2020-12-21 13:11:51 -0500
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<para>
Allow the <type>jsonb</type> concatenation operator to handle all
combinations of JSON data types (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
We can concatenate two JSON objects or two JSON arrays. Handle
other cases by wrapping non-array inputs in one-element arrays,
then performing an array concatenation. Previously, some
combinations of inputs followed this rule but others arbitrarily
threw an error.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [afcc8772e] 2021-01-08 12:16:00 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [49c928c0c] 2021-01-08 12:16:00 -0500
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<para>
Fix use of uninitialized value while parsing a <literal>*</literal>
quantifier in a BRE-mode regular expression (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This error could cause the quantifier to act non-greedy, that is
behave like a <literal>*?</literal> quantifier would do in full
regular expressions.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com>
Branch: master [6db992833] 2021-01-16 12:21:35 -0800
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [6eb3fc7fc] 2021-01-16 12:21:38 -0800
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<para>
Prevent possible data loss from incorrect detection of the
wraparound point of an SLRU log
(Noah Misch)
</para>
<para>
The wraparound point typically falls in the middle of a page, which
must be rounded off to a page boundary, and that was not done
correctly. No issue could arise unless an installation had gotten
to within one page of SLRU overflow, which is unlikely in a
properly-functioning system. If this did happen, it would manifest
in later <quote>apparent wraparound</quote> or <quote>could not
access status of transaction</quote> errors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Amit Kapila <akapila@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [ee1b38f65] 2021-01-13 08:19:50 +0530
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [0685c5c1b] 2021-01-13 08:31:45 +0530
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<para>
Fix memory leak in walsender processes while sending new snapshots
for logical decoding (Amit Kapila)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Jeff Davis <jdavis@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [a58db3aa1] 2020-12-14 23:47:30 -0800
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [fde5f130c] 2020-12-14 23:48:44 -0800
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<para>
Fix walsender to accept additional commands after
terminating replication (Jeff Davis)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [07d46fceb] 2021-01-25 13:03:43 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [a26194f22] 2021-01-25 13:03:11 -0500
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<para>
Avoid assertion failure in <function>pg_get_functiondef()</function>
when examining a function with a <literal>TRANSFORM</literal> option
(Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [7e5e1bba0] 2020-11-29 15:22:04 -0500
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<para>
In <application>psql</application>, re-allow including a password
in a <replaceable>connection_string</replaceable> argument of a
<command>\connect</command> command (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This used to work, but a recent bug fix caused the password to be
ignored (resulting in prompting for a password).
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
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Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [f76a85000] 2021-01-26 13:04:52 -0500
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<para>
Fix assorted bugs
in <application>psql</application>'s <command>\help</command>
command (Kyotaro Horiguchi, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
<command>\help</command> with two argument words failed to find a
command description using only the first word, for
example <literal>\help reset all</literal> should show the help
for <command>RESET</command> but did not.
Also, <command>\help</command> often failed to invoke the pager when
it should. It also leaked memory.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>
Branch: master [2b4f31303] 2020-12-03 15:57:48 +0200
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Branch: master [6ba581cf1] 2020-12-07 14:50:20 +0200
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [e6dc04d43] 2020-12-07 14:50:37 +0200
Branch: REL_12_STABLE [98f8cdd48] 2020-12-07 14:55:22 +0200
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<para>
In <application>pg_rewind</application>, ensure that all WAL is
accounted for when rewinding a standby server
(Ian Barwick, Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [f17e8f33f] 2021-01-26 16:42:13 -0300
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<para>
Report the correct database name in connection failure error
messages from some client programs (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
<para>
If the database name was defaulted rather than given on the command
line, <application>pg_dumpall</application>,
<application>pgbench</application>, <application>oid2name</application>,
and <application>vacuumlo</application> would produce misleading
error messages after a connection failure.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [5c0f7cc54] 2021-02-02 13:49:08 -0500
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<para>
Fix memory leak in <filename>contrib/auto_explain</filename>
(Japin Li)
</para>
<para>
Memory consumed while producing the <literal>EXPLAIN</literal>
output was not freed until the end of the current transaction (for a
top-level statement) or the end of the surrounding statement (for a
nested statement). This was particularly a problem
with <varname>log_nested_statements</varname> enabled.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [e3ebcca84] 2020-12-28 19:56:13 +0900
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<para>
In <filename>contrib/postgres_fdw</filename>, avoid leaking open
connections to remote servers when a user mapping or foreign server
object is dropped (Bharath Rupireddy)
</para>
<para>
Open connections that depend on a dropped user mapping or foreign
server can no longer be referenced, but formerly they were kept
around anyway for the duration of the local session.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Branch: master [28d1601ad] 2020-12-08 15:22:12 +0900
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<para>
In <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</filename>, check for error returns
from OpenSSL's EVP functions (Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
We do not really expect errors here, but this change silences
warnings from static analysis tools.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
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Author: Andrew Gierth <rhodiumtoad@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [3836d4b64] 2020-11-12 14:34:37 +0000
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<para>
In <filename>contrib/pg_trgm</filename>'s GiST index support, avoid
crash in the rare case that picksplit is called on exactly two index
items (Andrew Gierth, Alexander Korotkov)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [ec29427ce] 2020-11-10 22:51:54 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [afce7908d] 2020-11-10 22:51:55 -0500
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<para>
Fix miscalculation of timeouts
in <filename>contrib/pg_prewarm</filename>
and <filename>contrib/postgres_fdw</filename>
(Alexey Kondratov, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The main loop in <filename>contrib/pg_prewarm</filename>'s
autoprewarm parent process underestimated its desired sleep time by
a factor of 1000, causing it to consume much more CPU than intended.
When waiting for a result from a remote
server, <filename>contrib/postgres_fdw</filename> overestimated the
desired timeout by a factor of 1000 (though this error had been
mitigated by imposing a clamp to 60 seconds).
</para>
<para>
Both of these errors stemmed from incorrectly converting
seconds-and-microseconds to milliseconds. Introduce a new
API <function>TimestampDifferenceMilliseconds()</function>
to make it easier to get this right in the future.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [4823621db] 2021-01-15 11:28:51 -0500
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Branch: master [9d23c15a0] 2021-01-20 12:07:23 -0500
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<para>
Improve <application>configure</application>'s heuristics for
selecting <varname>PG_SYSROOT</varname> on macOS (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The new method is more likely to produce desirable results when
Xcode is newer than the underlying operating system. Choosing
a sysroot that does not match the OS version may result in
nonfunctional executables.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [49407dc32] 2020-11-20 00:07:09 -0500
Branch: REL_13_STABLE [9e9a31bd0] 2020-11-20 00:58:26 -0500
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<para>
While building on macOS, specify <option>-isysroot</option> in
link steps as well as compile steps (James Hilliard)
</para>
<para>
This likewise improves the results when Xcode is out of sync with
the operating system.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [c7edf4ac2] 2021-01-24 16:29:47 -0500
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<para>
Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</application>
release 2021a for DST law changes in Russia (Volgograd zone) and
South Sudan, plus historical corrections for Australia, Bahamas,
Belize, Bermuda, Ghana, Israel, Kenya, Nigeria, Palestine,
Seychelles, and Vanuatu.
</para>
<para>
Notably, the Australia/Currie zone has been corrected to the point
where it is identical to Australia/Hobart.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="release-9-5-24">
<title>Release 9.5.24</title>