Updates for array documentation, from Joe Conway.

doc/src/sgml/array.sgml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/array.sgml,v 1.29 2003/08/09 22:50:21 tgl Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/array.sgml,v 1.30 2003/08/19 06:06:43 tgl Exp $ -->
 
 <sect1 id="arrays">
  <title>Arrays</title>
@@ -162,7 +162,6 @@ ERROR:  multidimensional arrays must have array expressions with matching dimens
   expression syntax is discussed in more detail in <xref
   linkend="sql-syntax-array-constructors">.
  </para>
-
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2>
@@ -326,9 +325,9 @@ UPDATE sal_emp SET pay_by_quarter[1:2] = '{27000,27000}'
   <literal>||</literal>.
 <programlisting>
 SELECT ARRAY[1,2] || ARRAY[3,4];
-   ?column?
+ ?column?
----------------
+-----------
- {{1,2},{3,4}}
+ {1,2,3,4}
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT ARRAY[5,6] || ARRAY[[1,2],[3,4]];
@@ -337,27 +336,68 @@ SELECT ARRAY[5,6] || ARRAY[[1,2],[3,4]];
  {{5,6},{1,2},{3,4}}
 (1 row)
 </programlisting>
+ </para>
 
+ <para>
   The concatenation operator allows a single element to be pushed on to the
   beginning or end of a one-dimensional array. It also accepts two
   <replaceable>N</>-dimensional arrays, or an <replaceable>N</>-dimensional
-  and an <replaceable>N+1</>-dimensional array. In the former case, the two
+  and an <replaceable>N+1</>-dimensional array.
-  <replaceable>N</>-dimension arrays become outer elements of an
+ </para>
-  <replaceable>N+1</>-dimensional array. In the latter, the
-  <replaceable>N</>-dimensional array is added as either the first or last
-  outer element of the <replaceable>N+1</>-dimensional array.
-
-  When extending an array by concatenation, the subscripts of its existing
-  elements are preserved. For example, when pushing
-  onto the beginning of an array with one-based subscripts, the resulting
-  array has zero-based subscripts:
 
+ <para>
+  When a single element is pushed on to the beginning of a one-dimensional
+  array, the result is an array with a lower bound subscript equal to
+  the righthand operand's lower bound subscript, minus one. When a single
+  element is pushed on to the end of a one-dimensional array, the result is
+  an array retaining the lower bound of the lefthand operand. For example:
 <programlisting>
 SELECT array_dims(1 || ARRAY[2,3]);
  array_dims
 ------------
  [0:2]
 (1 row)
+
+SELECT array_dims(ARRAY[1,2] || 3);
+ array_dims
+------------
+ [1:3]
+(1 row)
+</programlisting>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+  When two arrays with an equal number of dimensions are concatenated, the
+  result retains the lower bound subscript of the lefthand operand's outer
+  dimension. The result is an array comprising every element of the lefthand
+  operand followed by every element of the righthand operand. For example:
+<programlisting>
+SELECT array_dims(ARRAY[1,2] || ARRAY[3,4,5]);
+ array_dims
+------------
+ [1:5]
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT array_dims(ARRAY[[1,2],[3,4]] || ARRAY[[5,6],[7,8],[9,0]]);
+ array_dims
+------------
+ [1:5][1:2]
+(1 row)
+</programlisting>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+  When an <replaceable>N</>-dimensional array is pushed on to the beginning
+  or end of an <replaceable>N+1</>-dimensional array, the result is
+  analogous to the element-array case above. Each <replaceable>N</>-dimensional
+  sub-array is essentially an element of the <replaceable>N+1</>-dimensional
+  array's outer dimension. For example:
+<programlisting>
+SELECT array_dims(ARRAY[1,2] || ARRAY[[3,4],[5,6]]);
+ array_dims
+------------
+ [0:2][1:2]
+(1 row)
 </programlisting>
  </para>
 
@@ -386,9 +426,9 @@ SELECT array_append(ARRAY[1,2], 3);
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT array_cat(ARRAY[1,2], ARRAY[3,4]);
-   array_cat
+ array_cat
----------------
+-----------
- {{1,2},{3,4}}
+ {1,2,3,4}
 (1 row)
 
 SELECT array_cat(ARRAY[[1,2],[3,4]], ARRAY[5,6]);

doc/src/sgml/func.sgml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <!--
-$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml,v 1.167 2003/08/17 04:52:41 momjian Exp $
+$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml,v 1.168 2003/08/19 06:06:43 tgl Exp $
 PostgreSQL documentation
 -->
 
@@ -7032,7 +7032,7 @@ SELECT pg_type_is_visible('myschema.widget'::regtype);
 
   <para>
    <xref linkend="array-operators-table"> shows the operators
-   available for the <type>array</type> types.
+   available for <type>array</type> types.
   </para>
 
     <table id="array-operators-table">
@@ -7093,7 +7093,7 @@ SELECT pg_type_is_visible('myschema.widget'::regtype);
 	<entry> <literal>||</literal> </entry>
 	<entry>array-to-array concatenation</entry>
 	<entry><literal>ARRAY[1,2,3] || ARRAY[4,5,6]</literal></entry>
-	<entry><literal>{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}</literal></entry>
+	<entry><literal>{1,2,3,4,5,6}</literal></entry>
        </row>
 
        <row>
@@ -7120,6 +7120,11 @@ SELECT pg_type_is_visible('myschema.widget'::regtype);
      </tgroup>
     </table>
 
+  <para>
+   See <xref linkend="arrays"> for more details about array operator
+   behavior.
+  </para>
+
   <para>
    <xref linkend="array-functions-table"> shows the functions
    available for use with array types. See <xref linkend="arrays">
@@ -7167,7 +7172,7 @@ SELECT pg_type_is_visible('myschema.widget'::regtype);
      for <literal>NULL</literal> inputs
     </entry>
 	<entry><literal>array_cat(ARRAY[1,2,3], ARRAY[4,5,6])</literal></entry>
-	<entry><literal>{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}</literal></entry>
+	<entry><literal>{1,2,3,4,5,6}</literal></entry>
        </row>
        <row>
 	<entry>

doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <!--
-$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml,v 1.82 2003/08/14 23:13:27 tgl Exp $
+$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml,v 1.83 2003/08/19 06:06:48 tgl Exp $
 -->
 
 <chapter id="sql-syntax">
@@ -1270,6 +1270,23 @@ SELECT ARRAY[[1,2],[3,4]];
     at the same level must produce sub-arrays of identical dimensions.
   </para>
 
+  <para>
+    Multidimensional array constructor elements can be anything yielding
+    an array of the proper kind, not only a sub-<literal>ARRAY</> construct.
+    For example:
+<programlisting>
+create table arr(f1 int[], f2 int[]);
+CREATE TABLE
+insert into arr values (ARRAY[[1,2],[3,4]],ARRAY[[5,6],[7,8]]);
+INSERT 2635544 1
+select ARRAY[f1, f2, '{{9,10},{11,12}}'::int[]] from arr;
+                     array
+------------------------------------------------
+ {{{1,2},{3,4}},{{5,6},{7,8}},{{9,10},{11,12}}}
+(1 row)
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+
   <para>
    It is also possible to construct an array from the results of a
    subquery.  In this form, the array constructor is written with the