mirror of https://github.com/postgres/postgres
Require that array literals produce "rectangular" arrays, i.e. all the
subarrays of a given dimension have the same number of elements/subarrays. Also repair a longstanding undocumented (as far as I can see) ability to explicitly set array bounds in the array literal syntax. It now can deal properly with negative array indicies. Modify array_out so that arrays with non-standard lower bounds (i.e. not 1) are output with the expicit dimension syntax. This fixes a longstanding issue whereby arrays with non-default lower bounds had them changed to default after a dump/reload cycle. Modify regression tests and docs to suit, and add some minimal documentation regarding the explicit dimension syntax.
This commit is contained in:
Joe Conway
parent
39ec59f30f
commit
0e13d627be
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/array.sgml,v 1.35 2004/06/07 04:04:47 tgl Exp $ -->
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<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/array.sgml,v 1.36 2004/08/05 03:29:11 joe Exp $ -->
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<sect1 id="arrays">
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<title>Arrays</title>
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@ -121,12 +121,23 @@ CREATE TABLE tictactoe (
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INSERT INTO sal_emp
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VALUES ('Bill',
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'{10000, 10000, 10000, 10000}',
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'{{"meeting", "lunch"}, {}}');
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'{{"meeting", "lunch"}, {"meeting"}}');
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ERROR: multidimensional arrays must have array expressions with matching dimensions
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</programlisting>
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Note that multidimensional arrays must have matching extents for each
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dimension. A mismatch causes an error report.
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<programlisting>
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INSERT INTO sal_emp
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VALUES ('Bill',
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'{10000, 10000, 10000, 10000}',
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'{{"meeting", "lunch"}, {"training", "presentation"}}');
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INSERT INTO sal_emp
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VALUES ('Carol',
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'{20000, 25000, 25000, 25000}',
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'{{"talk", "consult"}, {"meeting"}}');
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'{{"breakfast", "consulting"}, {"meeting", "lunch"}}');
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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@ -138,59 +149,31 @@ INSERT INTO sal_emp
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</para>
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<para>
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This can lead to surprising results. For example, the result of the
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previous two inserts looks like this:
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The result of the previous two inserts looks like this:
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<programlisting>
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SELECT * FROM sal_emp;
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name | pay_by_quarter | schedule
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-------+---------------------------+--------------------
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Bill | {10000,10000,10000,10000} | {{meeting},{""}}
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Carol | {20000,25000,25000,25000} | {{talk},{meeting}}
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name | pay_by_quarter | schedule
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-------+---------------------------+-------------------------------------------
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Bill | {10000,10000,10000,10000} | {{meeting,lunch},{training,presentation}}
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Carol | {20000,25000,25000,25000} | {{breakfast,consulting},{meeting,lunch}}
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(2 rows)
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</programlisting>
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Because the <literal>[2][2]</literal> element of
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<structfield>schedule</structfield> is missing in each of the
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<command>INSERT</command> statements, the <literal>[1][2]</literal>
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element is discarded.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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Fixing this is on the to-do list.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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The <literal>ARRAY</literal> expression syntax may also be used:
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<programlisting>
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INSERT INTO sal_emp
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VALUES ('Bill',
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ARRAY[10000, 10000, 10000, 10000],
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ARRAY[['meeting', 'lunch'], ['','']]);
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ARRAY[['meeting', 'lunch'], ['training', 'presentation']]);
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INSERT INTO sal_emp
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VALUES ('Carol',
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ARRAY[20000, 25000, 25000, 25000],
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ARRAY[['talk', 'consult'], ['meeting', '']]);
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SELECT * FROM sal_emp;
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name | pay_by_quarter | schedule
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-------+---------------------------+-------------------------------
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Bill | {10000,10000,10000,10000} | {{meeting,lunch},{"",""}}
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Carol | {20000,25000,25000,25000} | {{talk,consult},{meeting,""}}
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(2 rows)
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ARRAY[['breakfast', 'consulting'], ['meeting', 'lunch']]);
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</programlisting>
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Note that with this syntax, multidimensional arrays must have matching
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extents for each dimension. A mismatch causes an error report, rather than
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silently discarding values as in the previous case.
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For example:
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<programlisting>
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INSERT INTO sal_emp
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VALUES ('Carol',
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ARRAY[20000, 25000, 25000, 25000],
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ARRAY[['talk', 'consult'], ['meeting']]);
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ERROR: multidimensional arrays must have array expressions with matching dimensions
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</programlisting>
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Also notice that the array elements are ordinary SQL constants or
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Notice that the array elements are ordinary SQL constants or
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expressions; for instance, string literals are single quoted, instead of
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double quoted as they would be in an array literal. The <literal>ARRAY</>
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expression syntax is discussed in more detail in <xref
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@ -247,9 +230,9 @@ SELECT pay_by_quarter[3] FROM sal_emp;
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<programlisting>
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SELECT schedule[1:2][1:1] FROM sal_emp WHERE name = 'Bill';
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schedule
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--------------------
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{{meeting},{""}}
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schedule
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------------------------
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{{meeting},{training}}
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(1 row)
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</programlisting>
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@ -266,9 +249,10 @@ SELECT schedule[1:2][1] FROM sal_emp WHERE name = 'Bill';
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is specified, as in this example:
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<programlisting>
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SELECT schedule[1:2][2] FROM sal_emp WHERE name = 'Bill';
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schedule
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---------------------------
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{{meeting,lunch},{"",""}}
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schedule
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-------------------------------------------
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{{meeting,lunch},{training,presentation}}
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(1 row)
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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@ -546,6 +530,47 @@ SELECT * FROM sal_emp WHERE 10000 = ALL (pay_by_quarter);
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up to the next right brace or delimiter is taken as the item value.
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</para>
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<para>
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By default, the lower bound index value of an array's dimensions is
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set to one. If any of an array's dimensions has a lower bound index not
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equal to one, an additional decoration that indicates the actual
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array dimensions will precede the array structure decoration.
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The decoration consists of square braces (<literal>[</> and <literal>]</>)
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around each array dimension's lower and upper bound indicies, plus
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a colon (<literal>:</>) delimiter character inbetween. Delimiting the
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array dimension decoration from the array structure decoration is a
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single assignment operator (<literal>=</>). For example:
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<programlisting>
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SELECT 1 || ARRAY[2,3] AS array;
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array
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---------------
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[0:2]={1,2,3}
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(1 row)
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SELECT ARRAY[1,2] || ARRAY[[3,4]] AS array;
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array
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--------------------------
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[0:1][1:2]={{1,2},{3,4}}
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(1 row)
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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In a similar fashion, an array with non-default indicies may be specified
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using the same literal syntax. For example:
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<programlisting>
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SELECT f1[1][-2][3] AS e1, f1[1][-1][5] AS e2
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FROM (SELECT '[1:1][-2:-1][3:5]={{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}}'::int[] AS f1) AS ss;
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e1 | e2
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----+----
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1 | 6
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(1 row)
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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As shown previously, when writing an array value you may write double
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quotes around any individual array
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
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*
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*
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* IDENTIFICATION
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* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c,v 1.105 2004/06/16 01:26:47 tgl Exp $
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* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayfuncs.c,v 1.106 2004/08/05 03:29:37 joe Exp $
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*
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*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ array_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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errmsg("number of array dimensions (%d) exceeds the maximum allowed (%d)",
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ndim, MAXDIM)));
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for (q = p; isdigit((unsigned char) *q); q++);
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for (q = p; isdigit((unsigned char) *q) || (*q == '-') || (*q == '+'); q++);
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if (q == p) /* no digits? */
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ array_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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*q = '\0';
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lBound[ndim] = atoi(p);
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p = q + 1;
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for (q = p; isdigit((unsigned char) *q); q++);
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for (q = p; isdigit((unsigned char) *q) || (*q == '-') || (*q == '+'); q++);
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if (q == p) /* no digits? */
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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@ -270,6 +270,9 @@ array_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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}
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else
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{
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int ndim_braces,
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dim_braces[MAXDIM];
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/* If array dimensions are given, expect '=' operator */
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if (strncmp(p, ASSGN, strlen(ASSGN)) != 0)
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ereport(ERROR,
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@ -278,6 +281,27 @@ array_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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p += strlen(ASSGN);
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while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
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p++;
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/*
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* intuit dimensions from brace structure -- it better match what
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* we were given
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*/
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if (*p != '{')
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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errmsg("array value must start with \"{\" or dimension information")));
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ndim_braces = ArrayCount(p, dim_braces, typdelim);
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if (ndim_braces != ndim)
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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errmsg("array dimensions incompatible with array literal")));
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for (i = 0; i < ndim; ++i)
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{
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if (dim[i] != dim_braces[i])
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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errmsg("array dimensions incompatible with array literal")));
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}
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}
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#ifdef ARRAYDEBUG
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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errmsg("missing left brace")));
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dataPtr = ReadArrayStr(p, nitems, ndim, dim, &my_extra->proc, typioparam,
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typmod, typdelim, typlen, typbyval, typalign,
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&nbytes);
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@ -334,13 +357,18 @@ ArrayCount(char *str, int *dim, char typdelim)
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int nest_level = 0,
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i;
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int ndim = 1,
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temp[MAXDIM];
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temp[MAXDIM],
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nelems[MAXDIM],
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nelems_last[MAXDIM];
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bool scanning_string = false;
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bool eoArray = false;
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char *ptr;
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for (i = 0; i < MAXDIM; ++i)
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{
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temp[i] = dim[i] = 0;
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nelems_last[i] = nelems[i] = 1;
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}
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if (strncmp(str, "{}", 2) == 0)
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return 0;
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@ -394,6 +422,16 @@ ArrayCount(char *str, int *dim, char typdelim)
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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errmsg("malformed array literal: \"%s\"", str)));
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nest_level--;
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if ((nelems_last[nest_level] != 1) &&
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(nelems[nest_level] != nelems_last[nest_level]))
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ereport(ERROR,
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(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
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errmsg("multidimensional arrays must have "
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"array expressions with matching "
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"dimensions")));
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nelems_last[nest_level] = nelems[nest_level];
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nelems[nest_level] = 1;
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if (nest_level == 0)
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eoArray = itemdone = true;
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else
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@ -408,7 +446,10 @@ ArrayCount(char *str, int *dim, char typdelim)
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break;
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default:
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if (*ptr == typdelim && !scanning_string)
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{
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itemdone = true;
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nelems[nest_level - 1]++;
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}
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break;
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}
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if (!itemdone)
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@ -684,8 +725,15 @@ array_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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char *p,
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*tmp,
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*retval,
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**values;
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bool *needquotes;
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**values,
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/*
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* 33 per dim since we assume 15 digits per number + ':' +'[]'
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*
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* +2 allows for assignment operator + trailing null
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*/
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dims_str[(MAXDIM * 33) + 2];
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bool *needquotes,
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needdims = false;
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int nitems,
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overall_length,
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i,
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@ -693,7 +741,8 @@ array_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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k,
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indx[MAXDIM];
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int ndim,
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*dim;
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*dim,
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*lb;
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ArrayMetaState *my_extra;
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element_type = ARR_ELEMTYPE(v);
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@ -734,6 +783,7 @@ array_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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ndim = ARR_NDIM(v);
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dim = ARR_DIMS(v);
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lb = ARR_LBOUND(v);
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nitems = ArrayGetNItems(ndim, dim);
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if (nitems == 0)
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@ -742,6 +792,19 @@ array_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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PG_RETURN_CSTRING(retval);
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}
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/*
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* we will need to add explicit dimensions if any dimension
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* has a lower bound other than one
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*/
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for (i = 0; i < ndim; i++)
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{
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if (lb[i] != 1)
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{
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needdims = true;
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break;
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}
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}
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/*
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* Convert all values to string form, count total space needed
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* (including any overhead such as escaping backslashes), and detect
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@ -798,12 +861,28 @@ array_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
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*/
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for (i = j = 0, k = 1; i < ndim; k *= dim[i++], j += k);
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retval = (char *) palloc(overall_length + 2 * j);
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/* add explicit dimensions if required */
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if (needdims)
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{
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char *ptr = dims_str;
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for (i = 0; i < ndim; i++)
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{
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sprintf(ptr, "[%d:%d]", lb[i], lb[i] + dim[i] - 1);
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ptr += strlen(ptr);
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}
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*ptr++ = *ASSGN;
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*ptr = '\0';
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}
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retval = (char *) palloc(strlen(dims_str) + overall_length + 2 * j);
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p = retval;
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#define APPENDSTR(str) (strcpy(p, (str)), p += strlen(p))
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#define APPENDCHAR(ch) (*p++ = (ch), *p = '\0')
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if (needdims)
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APPENDSTR(dims_str);
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APPENDCHAR('{');
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for (i = 0; i < ndim; indx[i++] = 0);
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j = 0;
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|
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@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ INSERT INTO arrtest (a, b[1:2][1:2], c, d, e, f, g)
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INSERT INTO arrtest (a, b[1:2], c, d[1:2])
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VALUES ('{}', '{3,4}', '{foo,bar}', '{bar,foo}');
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SELECT * FROM arrtest;
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a | b | c | d | e | f | g
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-------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+-----------------+-------------
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{1,2,3,4,5} | {{{0,0},{1,2}}} | {} | {} | {1.1,2.2} | {} | {}
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{11,12,23} | {{3,4},{4,5}} | {foobar} | {{elt1,elt2}} | {3.4,6.7} | {"abc ",abcde} | {abc,abcde}
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{} | {3,4} | {foo,bar} | {bar,foo} | | |
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a | b | c | d | e | f | g
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-------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-------------
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{1,2,3,4,5} | {{{0,0},{1,2}}} | {} | {} | [0:1]={1.1,2.2} | {} | {}
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{11,12,23} | {{3,4},{4,5}} | {foobar} | {{elt1,elt2}} | {3.4,6.7} | {"abc ",abcde} | {abc,abcde}
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{} | {3,4} | {foo,bar} | {bar,foo} | | |
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(3 rows)
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SELECT arrtest.a[1],
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@ -184,9 +184,9 @@ SELECT array_append(array[42], 6) AS "{42,6}";
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(1 row)
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SELECT array_prepend(6, array[42]) AS "{6,42}";
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{6,42}
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--------
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{6,42}
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{6,42}
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--------------
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[0:1]={6,42}
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(1 row)
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SELECT array_cat(ARRAY[1,2], ARRAY[3,4]) AS "{1,2,3,4}";
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@ -196,9 +196,9 @@ SELECT array_cat(ARRAY[1,2], ARRAY[3,4]) AS "{1,2,3,4}";
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(1 row)
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SELECT array_cat(ARRAY[1,2], ARRAY[[3,4],[5,6]]) AS "{{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}}";
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{{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}}
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---------------------
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{{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}}
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{{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}}
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--------------------------------
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[0:2][1:2]={{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}}
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(1 row)
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SELECT array_cat(ARRAY[[3,4],[5,6]], ARRAY[1,2]) AS "{{3,4},{5,6},{1,2}}";
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@ -227,9 +227,9 @@ SELECT ARRAY[1,2] || 3 AS "{1,2,3}";
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(1 row)
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|
||||
SELECT 0 || ARRAY[1,2] AS "{0,1,2}";
|
||||
{0,1,2}
|
||||
---------
|
||||
{0,1,2}
|
||||
{0,1,2}
|
||||
---------------
|
||||
[0:2]={0,1,2}
|
||||
(1 row)
|
||||
|
||||
SELECT ARRAY[1,2] || ARRAY[3,4] AS "{1,2,3,4}";
|
||||
|
|
@ -257,9 +257,9 @@ SELECT ARRAY[0,0] || ARRAY[1,1] || ARRAY[2,2] AS "{0,0,1,1,2,2}";
|
|||
(1 row)
|
||||
|
||||
SELECT 0 || ARRAY[1,2] || 3 AS "{0,1,2,3}";
|
||||
{0,1,2,3}
|
||||
-----------
|
||||
{0,1,2,3}
|
||||
{0,1,2,3}
|
||||
-----------------
|
||||
[0:3]={0,1,2,3}
|
||||
(1 row)
|
||||
|
||||
-- array casts
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -72,29 +72,29 @@ create table domarrtest
|
|||
( testint4arr domainint4arr
|
||||
, testtextarr domaintextarr
|
||||
);
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"}{"c","d"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{{2,2}{2,2}}', '{{"a","b"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"}{"c","d"}{"e"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a"}{"c"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values (NULL, '{{"a","b"}{"c","d","e"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"},{"c","d"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{{2,2},{2,2}}', '{{"a","b"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"},{"c","d"},{"e","f"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a"},{"c"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values (NULL, '{{"a","b","c"},{"d","e","f"}}');
|
||||
select * from domarrtest;
|
||||
testint4arr | testtextarr
|
||||
---------------+---------------------
|
||||
{2,2} | {{a,c},{"",d}}
|
||||
{{2,2},{0,2}} | {{a,b}}
|
||||
{2,2} | {{a},{c},{e}}
|
||||
{2,2} | {{c},{""}}
|
||||
| {{a,c,""},{"",d,e}}
|
||||
{2,2} | {{a,b},{c,d}}
|
||||
{{2,2},{2,2}} | {{a,b}}
|
||||
{2,2} | {{a,b},{c,d},{e,f}}
|
||||
{2,2} | {{a},{c}}
|
||||
| {{a,b,c},{d,e,f}}
|
||||
(5 rows)
|
||||
|
||||
select testint4arr[1], testtextarr[2:2] from domarrtest;
|
||||
testint4arr | testtextarr
|
||||
-------------+-------------
|
||||
2 | {{"",d}}
|
||||
2 | {{c,d}}
|
||||
|
|
||||
2 | {{c,d}}
|
||||
2 | {{c}}
|
||||
2 | {{""}}
|
||||
| {{"",d,e}}
|
||||
| {{d,e,f}}
|
||||
(5 rows)
|
||||
|
||||
drop table domarrtest;
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ create table domarrtest
|
|||
( testint4arr domainint4arr
|
||||
, testtextarr domaintextarr
|
||||
);
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"}{"c","d"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{{2,2}{2,2}}', '{{"a","b"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"}{"c","d"}{"e"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a"}{"c"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values (NULL, '{{"a","b"}{"c","d","e"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"},{"c","d"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{{2,2},{2,2}}', '{{"a","b"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a","b"},{"c","d"},{"e","f"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values ('{2,2}', '{{"a"},{"c"}}');
|
||||
INSERT INTO domarrtest values (NULL, '{{"a","b","c"},{"d","e","f"}}');
|
||||
select * from domarrtest;
|
||||
select testint4arr[1], testtextarr[2:2] from domarrtest;
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue