postgres/doc/FAQ_chinese

                          PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣨FAQ<41><51>
                                       
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD>2005 <20><> 06 <20><> 02 <20><> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 22:27:35 CST
   
   Ŀǰά<C7B0><CEAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1>Bruce Momjian (pgman@candle.pha.pa.us)
   <20><><EFBFBD>İ<EFBFBD>ά<EFBFBD><CEAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1>doudou586 <20><>doudou586_2005@yahoo.com.cn<63><6E>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>°汾<C2B0><E6B1BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   http://www.postgresql.org/files/documentation/faqs/FAQ.html<6D>鿴<EFBFBD><E9BFB4>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳƽ̨<C6BD><CCA8><EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><D8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq/<2F><><EFBFBD>ش<EFBFBD><D8B4><EFBFBD>
     _________________________________________________________________
   
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

   1.1)PostgreSQL <20><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   1.2)PostgreSQL <20>İ<EFBFBD>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>
   1.3)PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳƽ̨<C6BD>ϣ<EFBFBD>
   1.4)<29>Ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵõ<DCB5> PostgreSQL<51><4C>
   1.5)<29>Ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵõ<DCB5><C3B5><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><>֧<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD>
   1.6)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ύһ<E1BDBB><D2BB>BUG<55><47><EFBFBD>棿
   1.7)<29><><EFBFBD>°<EFBFBD><C2B0><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL <20><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>
   1.8)<29>ܹ<EFBFBD><DCB9><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>
   1.9)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><CBBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA> BUG <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȱ<EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><C4B9>ܣ<EFBFBD>
   1.10)<29><>Ӧ<EFBFBD><D3A6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧϰ SQL <20><>
   1.11)<29><>Ӧ<EFBFBD><D3A6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뿪<EFBFBD><EBBFAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飿
   1.12)PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Σ<EFBFBD>
   1.13)˿<><CBBF>ƺ͹<C6BA><CDB9><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL <20><>
   
<EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

   2.1)<29><><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>Ժ<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20>򽻵<EFBFBD><F2BDBBB5><EFBFBD>
   2.2)<29><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>߿<EFBFBD><DFBF>԰<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Web ҳ<>棿
   2.3)PostgreSQL ӵ<><D3B5>ͼ<EFBFBD><CDBC><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
ϵͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

   3.1)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܰ<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL װ<><D7B0> /usr/local/pgsql <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵط<C4B5><D8B7><EFBFBD>
   3.2)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD><CEBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>
   3.3)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ի<EFBFBD><D4BB>ø<EFBFBD><C3B8>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܣ<EFBFBD>
   3.4)PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ի<EFBFBD><D4BB><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD>
   3.5)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͼ<EFBFBD><CDBC><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD>¼ʱ<C2BC>յ<EFBFBD><D5B5><EFBFBD>Sorry, too many clients<74><73> <20><>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>
   3.6)ΪʲôҪ<C3B4><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>汾ʱ<E6B1BE><CAB1> dump <20><> restore <20><>
   3.7)(ʹ<><CAB9>PostgreSQL)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫʹ<D2AA><CAB9>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><D3B2> <20><>
   
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

   4.1)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻѡ<D6BB><D1A1>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>
   4.2)<29><><EFBFBD>β鿴<CEB2><E9BFB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6>壿<EFBFBD><E5A3BF><EFBFBD>β鿴psql<71><6C><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5>IJ<EFBFBD>ѯָ
   <20><EFBFBD><EEB2A2>ʾ<EFBFBD><CABE><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>
   4.3)<29><><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD><CEB8><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ֶε<D6B6><CEB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>
   4.4)һ<>м<EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ<EFBFBD><DFB4>Ƕ<EFBFBD><C7B6>٣<EFBFBD>
   4.5)<29>洢һ<E6B4A2><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><CDB5>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>ٴ<EFBFBD><D9B4>̿ռ䣿
   4.6)Ϊʲô<CAB2>ҵIJ<D2B5>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>ѯû<D1AF><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   4.7)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><CEB2>ܿ<EFBFBD><DCBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD><C5BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵIJ<D2B5>ѯ<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>
   4.8)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>Сд<D0A1>޹ص<DEB9><D8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD>ң<EFBFBD><D2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20>д<EFBFBD>Сд<D0A1>޹ز<DEB9><D8B2>ң<EFBFBD>
   4.9)<29><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFA3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6>Ƿ<EFBFBD>Ϊ
   NULL<4C><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><CEB2><EFBFBD>׼ȷ<D7BC><C8B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD>NULLֵ<4C><D6B5>
   4.10)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><D6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC>
   4.11.1)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD>/<2F>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<D6B6>
   4.11.2)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>λ<EFBFBD><CEBB><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>кŵ<D0BA>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
   4.11.3)ʹ<><CAB9> currval() <20>ᵼ<EFBFBD>º<EFBFBD><C2BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>race condition<6F><6E><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   4.11.4)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><ECB3A3>ֹ<EFBFBD><D6B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA>أ<EFBFBD>Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA>ֶε<D6B6>ȡֵ<C8A1>
   д<><D0B4>ڼ<EFBFBD><DABC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>
   4.12)ʲô<CAB2><C3B4> OID<49><44>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4> CTID <20><>
   4.13)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>յ<EFBFBD><D5B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>ERROR: Memory exhausted in
   AllocSetAlloc()<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   4.14)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><CEB2><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20>İ汾<C4B0><E6B1BE>
   4.15)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ȱʡֵ<CAA1>ǵ<EFBFBD>ǰʱ<C7B0><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<D6B6>
   4.16)<29><><EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD><CEBD><EFBFBD> outer join <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><D3A3><EFBFBD>
   4.17)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD>漰<EFBFBD><E6BCB0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>IJ<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>
   4.18)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ض<EFBFBD><D8B6>л<EFBFBD><D0BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>
   4.19)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>PL/PgSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD>յ<EFBFBD><D5B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>relation
   with OID ##### does not exist<73><74><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   4.20)Ŀǰ<C4BF><C7B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD>ݸ<EFBFBD><DDB8>Ʒ<EFBFBD><C6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD>
     _________________________________________________________________
   
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

    1.1)PostgreSQL <20><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
    
   PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Post-Gres-Q-L<><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ΪPostgres <20><>
   
   PostgreSQL
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   <20><><EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><D0BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> DBMS ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3>ʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѵģ<D1B5><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD>붼<EFBFBD><EBB6BC><EFBFBD>Ի<EFBFBD><D4BB>á<EFBFBD>
   
   PostgreSQL
   <20>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҪΪ־Ը<D6BE>ߣ<EFBFBD><DFA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>DZ鲼<C7B1><E9B2BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ز<EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κι<CEBA>˾<EFBFBD><CBBE><EFBFBD>ơ<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뿪<EFBFBD><EBBFAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><E9A3AC><EFBFBD>μ<EFBFBD><CEBC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣨FAQ<41><51>
   http://www.postgresql.org/files/documentation/faqs/FAQ_DEV.html
   
    1.2)PostgreSQL <20>İ<EFBFBD>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8>ʲô?
    
   PostgreSQL<51>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӿ<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>BSD<53><44>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD><C6A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǻ<EFBFBD>ϲ<EFBFBD><CFB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD>һ
   <20>û<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>BSD<53><44>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8>c<EFBFBD><63>1996-2005<30><35>PostgreSQL
   ȫ<>򿪷<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><E9A3AC><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8>c<EFBFBD><63>1994-1996 <20><><EFBFBD>ݴ<EFBFBD>ѧ<EFBFBD><D1A7><EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>Portions copyright (c) 1996-2005, PostgreSQL Global Development
   Group Portions Copyright (c) 1994-6 Regents of the University of
   California<69><61>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF>ʹ<EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><C3A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޸ĺͷַ<CDB7><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD>κη<CEBA><CEB7><EFBFBD>
   <20><>
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   <20>ֳ<EFBFBD><D6B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>п<EFBFBD><D0BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
   its documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written
   agreement is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice
   and this paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all
   copies.<2E><>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><C2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݴ<EFBFBD>ѧ<EFBFBD><D1A7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>µĶ<C2B5><C4B6>κε<CEBA><CEB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӵģ<D3B5>
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   <20><>ѧ<EFBFBD>Ѿ<EFBFBD><D1BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>ʧ<EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱҲ<CAB1><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY
   PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
   SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
   HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.<2E><>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>ݴ<EFBFBD>ѧ<EFBFBD><D1A7>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κα<CEBA>֤<EFBFBD><D6A4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ijһ<C4B3>ض<EFBFBD><D8B6><EFBFBD>;<EFBFBD><CDBE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><>֤<EFBFBD><D6A4>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǻ<EFBFBD><C7BB>ڡ<EFBFBD><DAA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǡ<EFBFBD><C7A1>Ļ<EFBFBD><C4BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݴ<EFBFBD>ѧû<D1A7><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩά
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   <20><>THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES,
   INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE
   PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF
   CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT,
   UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.<2E><>
   
    1.3)PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳƽ̨<C6BD>ϣ<EFBFBD>
    
   һ<><D2BB>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4><EFBFBD> UNIX <20><><EFBFBD>ݵ<EFBFBD>ƽ̨<C6BD><CCA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL
   <20><><EFBFBD>ڰ<EFBFBD>װָ<D7B0><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD><D0B3>˷<EFBFBD><CBB7><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD>Ե<EFBFBD>ƽ̨<C6BD><CCA8>
   
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   XP <20><> Win2003<30><33><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɵİ<C9B5>װ<EFBFBD><D7B0><EFBFBD>ɴ<EFBFBD>
   http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller<65><72><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><D8A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>MSDOS<4F><53>Windows<77><73><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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   <20><>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1>ΪOS/2<><32><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>İ汾<C4B0>ɴ<EFBFBD>
   http://hobbes.nmsu.edu/cgi-bin/h-search?sh=1&button=Search&key=postgre
   SQL&stype=all&sort=type&dir=%2F
   
    1.4)<29>Ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵõ<DCB5> PostgreSQL<51><4C>
    
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   ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/վ<><D5BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ء<EFBFBD>
   
    1.5)<29>Ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵõ<DCB5><C3B5><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><>֧<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD>
    
   PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><CABC>б<EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><CABC>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>վ<EFBFBD><D5BE>
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   http://www.postgresql.org/community/lists/<2F><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><C2A3>ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BC><EFBFBD>General
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   <20><>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>IRCƵ<43><C6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>FreeNode(irc.freenode.net)<29><>#postgresql<71><6C>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϴ<EFBFBD>Ƶ
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   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IRC<52>ͻ<EFBFBD><CDBB>˳<EFBFBD><CBB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><DAB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>л<EFBFBD><D0BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƶ<EFBFBD>
   <20>(#postgersql-es)<29>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD>Ƶ<EFBFBD><C6B5>
   (#postgresql-fr)<29><>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><D8A3><EFBFBD>EFNET<45><54>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>PostgreSQL<51>Ľ<EFBFBD><C4BD><EFBFBD>Ƶ<EFBFBD><C6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>ҵ֧<D2B5>ֹ<EFBFBD>˾<EFBFBD><CBBE><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD> http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php<68><70>
   
    1.6)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ύһ<E1BDBB><D2BB>BUG<55><47><EFBFBD>棿
    
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   ͬ<><CDAC>Ҳ<EFBFBD>ɷ<EFBFBD><C9B7><EFBFBD>ftpվ<70><D5BE>ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/
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    1.7)<29><><EFBFBD>°<EFBFBD><C2B0><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL <20><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>
    
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   PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>һЩ<D2BB>ֲᣬ<D6B2>ֲ<EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B3>һЩ<D2BB>IJ<EFBFBD><C4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1>μ<EFBFBD>
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   <20><><EFBFBD>ֲᣬ<D6B2><E1A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs<63><73>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html <20><>
   http://www.commandprompt.com/ppbook/ <20><>
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   Douglas<61><73>д<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD><C4A1><EFBFBD>
   http://techdocs.PostgreSQL.org/techdocs/bookreviews.php<68><70>
   <20><><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD>PostgreSQL<51>鼮<EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC>顣 <20><>
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    1.9)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><CBBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA> BUG <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȱ<EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><C4B9>ܣ<EFBFBD>
    
   PostgreSQL ֧<><D6A7>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>չ<EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD> SQL-92 <20><><EFBFBD>Ӽ<EFBFBD><D3BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD>TODO
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    1.10)<29><>Ӧ<EFBFBD><D3A6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧϰ SQL <20><>
    
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   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Developer's FAQ <20><>
   
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          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>䣬<EFBFBD><E4A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵķ<C7B5><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʷ<EFBFBD><CAB7>ʾ<EFBFBD><CABE><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩ<EFBFBD>ȶ<EFBFBD><C8B6>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3>ι̵ģ<CCB5><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>õİ汾<C4B0><E6B1BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD>ⷽ<EFBFBD><E2B7BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>൱<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
          
   ֧<><D6A7>
          <20><><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><C7B5>ʼ<EFBFBD><CABC>б<EFBFBD><D0B1>ṩһ<E1B9A9><D2BB><EFBFBD>dz<EFBFBD><C7B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>԰<EFBFBD><D4B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⡣ <20><><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2>ܱ<EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD>϶<EFBFBD><CFB6>ܽ<EFBFBD><DCBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣬<EFBFBD><E2A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><C2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> DBMS
          Ҳ<><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><DCB9>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          ֱ<><D6B1><EFBFBD>뿪<EFBFBD><EBBFAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>Ⱥ<EFBFBD><C8BA><EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><D6B2><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B4><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL
          <20><>֧<EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><D6B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> DBMS
          <20><>Ҫ<EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD><C3A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9>ҵ<EFBFBD>Ե<EFBFBD>Ԥ<EFBFBD><D4A4>װ<EFBFBD><D7B0>֧<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><D6A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ը<EFBFBD><D4B8>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>ˡ
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> FAQ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 1.5 С<>ڣ<EFBFBD>
          
   <20>۸<EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD><C7B6>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA><EFBFBD>;<EFBFBD><CDBE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѣ<EFBFBD><D1A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>úͷ<C3BA><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><D4B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƶ<EFBFBD><C6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD>Ʒ<EFBFBD><C6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵĴ<C7B5><C4B4>룬<EFBFBD><EBA3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          İ<>Ȩ<EFBFBD><C8A8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> BSD <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>İ<EFBFBD>Ȩ<EFBFBD>⡣
          
    1.13)˿<><CBBF><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL <20><>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ѱ<EFBFBD><D1B0>PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD><CBA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ίԱ<CEAF>ᣬ<EFBFBD><E1A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˾<EFBFBD><CBBE>
   <20><>ֻ<EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><DCB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>---<2D><>Ϊһ<CEAA><D2BB>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>
   ίԱ<CEAF><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>CVS<56><53><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>飬<EFBFBD><E9A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>Ϊ<EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><CBBD>й<EFBFBD><D0B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƕ<EFBFBD>Pos
   tgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD>п<EFBFBD><D0BF>ƣ<EFBFBD>PostgreSQL<51><4C>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><CEBA>˾<EFBFBD>
   <20>ɲμӵĿ<D3B5><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƶģ<C6B5><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>ľ<EFBFBD><C4BE>Ǽ<EFBFBD><C7BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><CABC>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ۼ<EFBFBD><DBBC>ɣ<EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL<51>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Developer's FAQ <20><>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
     _________________________________________________________________
   
<EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

    2.1)<29><><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>Ժ<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20>򽻵<EFBFBD><F2BDBBB5><EFBFBD>
    
   PostgreSQL(ȱʡ<C8B1><CAA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>)ֻ<><D6BB>װ<EFBFBD><D7B0>C<EFBFBD><43><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǶʽC<CABD>Ľӿڣ<D3BF><DAA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľӿڶ<D3BF><DAB6>Ƕ<EFBFBD><C7B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ
   <20><><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><DCB9>ֱ<EFBFBD><D6B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><D8A3><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD>ӿ<EFBFBD><D3BF><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĺô<C4BA>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>и<EFBFBD><D0B8>Եķ<D4B5><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƻ<EFBFBD><C6BB>͸<EFBFBD><CDB8>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>顣
   
   һЩ<D2BB><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>PHP<48><50><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><D0B7><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL
   <20>Ľӿڣ<D3BF>Perl,TCL,Python<6F>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC>ܶ<EFBFBD><DCB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԵĽӿ<C4BD><D3BF><EFBFBD>
   http://gborg.postgresql.org <20>ϵ<EFBFBD>Drivers/InterfacesС<73>ڿ<EFBFBD><DABF>ҵ<EFBFBD><D2B5><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>Internet<65><74><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
    2.2)<29><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>߿<EFBFBD><DFBF>԰<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Web ҳ<>棿
    
   һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>̨<EFBFBD><CCA8>ͦ<EFBFBD><CDA6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>վ<EFBFBD><D5BE><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>http://www.webreview.com<6F><6D>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Web <20><><EFBFBD>ɣ<EFBFBD>PHP <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õĽӿڡ<D3BF><DAA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>http://www.php.net/<2F><>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD><DAB8>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>񣬺ܶ<F1A3ACBA><DCB6>˲<EFBFBD><CBB2><EFBFBD> Perl <20>ӿں<D3BF> CGI.pm <20><> mod_perl <20><>
   
    2.3)PostgreSQL ӵ<><D3B5>ͼ<EFBFBD><CDBC><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
    
   <20>ǵģ<C7B5><C4A3><EFBFBD>
   http://techdocs.postgresql.org/guides/GUITools<6C><73>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD><CFB8><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD>
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ϵͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

    3.1)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܰ<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL װ<><D7B0> /usr/local/pgsql <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵط<C4B5><D8B7><EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> configure ʱ<><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> --prefix ѡ<>
   
    3.2)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ο<EFBFBD><CEBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>
    
   ȱʡʱ<CAA1><CAB1>PostgreSQL ֻ<><D6BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8> unix
   <20><><EFBFBD>׽<EFBFBD><D7BD>ֻ<EFBFBD>TCP/IP<49><50>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD>
   <20><>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޸<EFBFBD><DEB8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD>postgresql.conf<6E>е<EFBFBD>listen_addresses<65><73><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   ļ<>pg_hba.conf<6E>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> host-based
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD><D6A4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӵġ<D3B5>
   
    3.3)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ի<EFBFBD><D4BB>ø<EFBFBD><C3B8>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܣ<EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL<51><4C>DZ<EFBFBD>ܡ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>ʽ<EFBFBD>ı仯
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>漰<EFBFBD>޸IJ<DEB8>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>ʽ<EFBFBD>Ի<EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:
          
          + <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          + ʹ<><CAB9>COPY<50><59><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Insert<72><74><EFBFBD>䣻
          + <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>SQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ύ<EFBFBD><E1BDBB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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          + <20><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ּ<EFBFBD>¼ʱʹ<CAB1><CAB9>LIMIT<49><54>
          + ʹ<><CAB9>Ԥ<EFBFBD><D4A4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>Prepared Query)<29><>
          + ʹ<><CAB9>ANALYZE<5A>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1>־<EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD>
          + <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9> VACUUM <20><> pg_autovacuum
          + <20><><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݸ<EFBFBD><DDB8><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>ɾ<EFBFBD><C9BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD>ؽ<EFBFBD><D8BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
            
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD>postgres.conf<6E>еĺܶ<C4BA><DCB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ö<EFBFBD><C3B6><EFBFBD>Ӱ<EFBFBD><D3B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܣ<EFBFBD><DCA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><D0B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD>
          <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Administration Guide/Server Run-time Environment/Run-time
          Configuration<6F><6E> <20>йز<D0B9><D8B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľ<EFBFBD><C4BD>Ϳɼ<CDBF><C9BC><EFBFBD>
          http://www.varlena.com/varlena/GeneralBits/Tidbits/annotated_co
          nf_e.html <20><>
          http://www.varlena.com/varlena/GeneralBits/Tidbits/perf.html<6D><6C>
          
   Ӳ<><D3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѡ<EFBFBD><D1A1>
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          http://candle.pha.pa.us/main/writings/pgsql/hw_performance/inde
          x.html <20><> http://www.powerpostgresql.com/PerfList/<2F><>
          
    3.4)PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ի<EFBFBD><D4BB><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD>
    
   PostgreSQL <20>кܶ<D0BA><DCB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> log_*
   <20>ķ<EFBFBD><C4B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ñ<EFBFBD><C3B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD>ͽ<EFBFBD><CDBD><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD><C6A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ե<EFBFBD><D4B5>Ժ<EFBFBD><D4BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܲ<EFBFBD><DCB2><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD>а<EFBFBD><D0B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
    3.5)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͼ<EFBFBD><CDBC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>յ<EFBFBD><D5B5><EFBFBD>Sorry, too many clients<74><73><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><CABE><EFBFBD>Ѵﵽȱʡ100<30><30><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̨<EFBFBD><CCA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD><C6A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫͨ<D2AA><CDA8><EFBFBD>޸<EFBFBD>postgresql.
   conf<6E>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC>е<EFBFBD>max_connectionsֵ<73><D6B5>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>postmaster<65>ĺ<EFBFBD>̨<EFBFBD><CCA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޸ĺ<DEB8><C4BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>postmaster<65><72>
   
    3.6)ΪʲôҪ<C3B4><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20><>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>汾ʱ<E6B1BE><CAB1> dump <20><> restore <20><>
    
   PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF>С<EFBFBD><D0A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD><CBBD>ٵ<EFBFBD><D9B5>޸ģ<DEB8><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴<EFBFBD> 7.4.0 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   7.4.1 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ dump <20><> restore<72><65> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 7.3 <20><>
   7.4<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>޸<EFBFBD>ϵͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><>Щ<EFBFBD>仯һ<E4BBAF><D2BB><EFBFBD>Ƚϸ<C8BD><CFB8>ӣ<EFBFBD><D3A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD>ά<EFBFBD><CEAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD> dump
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݰ<EFBFBD><DDB0><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD>õĸ<C3B5>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC>ز<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD>µ<EFBFBD><C2B5>ڲ<EFBFBD><DAB2><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD>
   
    3.7)(ʹ<><CAB9>PostgreSQL)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫʹ<D2AA><CAB9>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><D3B2> <20><>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD>ڼ<EFBFBD><DABC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><D3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǽ<EFBFBD><C7BC>ݵģ<DDB5><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>м<EFBFBD><D0BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><D3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2>
   <20><>ͬ<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD><C4A1><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ϲ<EFBFBD><CFB2>ǣ<EFBFBD> ECC RAM<41><4D><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>żУ<C5BC><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ棩<DAB4><E6A3A9>SCSI
   <20><>Ӳ<EFBFBD>̣<EFBFBD><CCA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9><EFBFBD>˻<EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>ӿɿ<D3BF><C9BF>Ҿ<EFBFBD><D2BE>и<EFBFBD><D0B8>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܡ<EFBFBD>PostgreSQL
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><D3B2><EFBFBD>ϣ<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɿ<EFBFBD><C9BF>Ժ<EFBFBD><D4BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܶ<EFBFBD><DCB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫȫ<D2AA><C8AB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>о<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><D3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20>ˡ<EFBFBD><CBA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><C7B5>ʼ<EFBFBD><CABC>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD><D0B9><EFBFBD> Ӳ<><D3B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA>Լ۱ȵ<DBB1><C8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ۡ<EFBFBD>
     _________________________________________________________________
   
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

    4.1)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻѡ<D6BB><D1A1>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA>ȷ<EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>
   LIMIT<49><54><EFBFBD>ܡ<EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ORDER BY<42>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƥ<EFBFBD>䣬PostgreSQL
   <20><><EFBFBD>ܾ<EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򽫶<EFBFBD><F2BDABB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><D6B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>֪
   <20><>ȷ<EFBFBD>еļ<D0B5>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD>(cursor)<29><>FETCH<43><48><EFBFBD>ܡ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>·<EFBFBD><C2B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡһ<C8A1><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>
                SELECT  cols
                FROM tab
                ORDER BY random()
                LIMIT 1 ;

    4.2)<29><><EFBFBD>β鿴<CEB2><E9BFB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6>壿<EFBFBD><E5A3BF><EFBFBD>β鿴psql<71><6C><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5>IJ<EFBFBD>ѯָ<D1AF><EFBFBD>
    <20>ʾ<EFBFBD><CABE><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>
    
   <20><>psql<71><6C>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9> \dt
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><CABE><EFBFBD>ݱ<EFBFBD><DDB1>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6>壬Ҫ<E5A3AC>˽<EFBFBD>psql<71>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>\?
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣬<EFBFBD><E2A3AC>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD> psql <20><>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20>ļ<EFBFBD>pgsql/src/bin/psql/describe.c<><63><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>psql<71><6C>б<EFBFBD><D0B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD> SQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㻹<EFBFBD><E3BBB9><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD> -E ѡ<><D1A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> psql<71><6C>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>psql<71><6C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5>ʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>SQL<51><4C>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>Postg
   reSQLҲ<4C>ṩ<EFBFBD><E1B9A9>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>SQL<51><4C>INFORMATION SCHEMA<4D>ӿڣ<D3BF>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>
   
   <20><>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9>pg_ <20><>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˱<EFBFBD><CBB1>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6>塣
   
   ʹ<><CAB9> psql -l ָ<><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD><D0B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ⡣
   
   Ҳ<><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>
   pgsql/src/tutorial/syscat.source<63>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>о<EFBFBD><D0BE>˺ܶ<CBBA><DCB6>ɴ<EFBFBD><C9B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD>л<EFBFBD>
   ȡ<><C8A1>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>SELECT<43>﷨<EFBFBD><EFB7A8>
   
    4.3)<29><><EFBFBD>θ<EFBFBD><CEB8><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ֶε<D6B6><CEB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>
    
   <20><>8.0<EFBFBD>汾<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶε<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ף<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ALTER TABLE ALTER
   COLUMN TYPE <20><>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD>İ汾<C4B0>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
        BEGIN;
    ALTER TABLE tab ADD COLUMN new_col new_data_type;
    UPDATE tab SET new_col = CAST(old_col AS new_data_type);
    ALTER TABLE tab DROP COLUMN old_col;
    COMMIT;

   <20><>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>VACUUM FULL tab ָ<><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹϵͳ<CFB5>ջ<EFBFBD><D5BB><EFBFBD>Ч<EFBFBD><D0A7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD>õĿռ䡣
   
    4.4)һ<>м<EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ<EFBFBD><DFB4>Ƕ<EFBFBD><C7B6>٣<EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD>
   
     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ磿     <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD><C6A3>Ѵ<EFBFBD><D1B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 32TB <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ⣩
     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ磿       32 TB
     һ<>м<EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ磿     1.6 TB
     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD>ֶε<D6B6><CEB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ<EFBFBD>?      1 GB
     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>       <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>       250-1600 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>йأ<D0B9>
     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD><C6A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ܿ<EFBFBD><DCBF>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4>̿ռ䡢<D5BC><E4A1A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD>/<2F><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC> <20><>ʵ<EFBFBD>ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD>ش<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD>ܴܺ<DCBA>Ӱ<EFBFBD>졣
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߴ<EFBFBD> 32 TB <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD>֧<EFBFBD>֡<EFBFBD><D6A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ö<EFBFBD><C3B6><EFBFBD> 1 GB
   <20><><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC>洢<EFBFBD><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5>ߴ<EFBFBD><DFB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȱʡ<C8B1>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><D0A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 32K <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ߴ<EFBFBD><DFB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD>
   
    4.5)<29>洢һ<E6B4A2><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><CDB5>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA><EFBFBD>ٴ<EFBFBD><D9B4>̿ռ䣿
    
   һ<><D2BB> Postgres
   <20><><EFBFBD>ݿ⣨<DDBF>洢һ<E6B4A2><D2BB><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD>õĿռ<C4BF><D5BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>൱<EFBFBD><E0B5B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С5<D0A1><35><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B4>̿ռ䡣
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>磬<EFBFBD><E7A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> 100,000 <20>е<EFBFBD><D0B5>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƽ<EFBFBD><C6BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ20<32>ֽڡ<D6BD><DAA1>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1>ļ<EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD><D5BC> 2.8 MB<4D><42><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD>ݵ<EFBFBD>
   PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>ļ<EFBFBD><C4BC><EFBFBD>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC> 6.4 MB:
     32 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>: ÿ<>е<EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
     24 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>: һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶκ<D6B6>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD>
   +  4 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>: ҳ<><D2B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8>Ԫ<EFBFBD><D4AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8>
   ----------------------------------------
     60 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF>

   PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><D0A1> 8192 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD> (8 KB)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>

   8192 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>ÿҳ
   -------------------   =  136 <20><>/<2F><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
     60 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF>

   100000 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   --------------------  =  735 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
      128 <20><>ÿҳ

   735 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ * 8192 <20>ֽ<EFBFBD>/ҳ  =  6,021,120 <20>ֽڣ<D6BD>6 MB<4D><42>

   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><C4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD>Ҳȷʵ<C8B7><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD>ܺ<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>ֵNULL<4C><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>λͼ<CEBB>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA>ٵĿռ䡣
   
    4.6)Ϊʲô<CAB2>ҵIJ<D2B5>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9>ѯû<D1AF><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><C3BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB><EFBFBD>ڱ<EFBFBD><DAB1>Ĵ<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><D0A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<D0A1><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD>ѯֻ
   <20><>ѡ<EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><D0B1>н<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><D0A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD>¼ʱ<C2BC>Ż<EFBFBD><C5BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɨ<EFBFBD><C9A8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>漴<EFBFBD><E6BCB4><EFBFBD>̴<EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD>ܱ<EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӵض<D3B5>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><CBB3>ɨ<EFBFBD>裩<EFBFBD><E8A3A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
   Ϊ<><CEAA><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD><D0B6>Ƿ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>йر<D0B9><D8B1><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB3>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щͳ<D0A9><CDB3>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   ʹ<><CAB9> VACUUM ANALYZE<5A><45><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ANALYZE <20><><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD>
   ʹ<><CAB9>ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB3>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD><C5BB><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD><D0B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><DCB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5>ж<EFBFBD><D0B6>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   ͳ<><CDB3>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7><EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD><C5BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˳<EFBFBD><CBB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӷ<EFBFBD><D3B7><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD><C3A1>ڱ<EFBFBD><DAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݷ<EFBFBD><DDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>仯ʱ<E4BBAF><CAB1>Ӧ
   <20><><EFBFBD>ڽ<EFBFBD><DABD><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD><CDB3>ֵ<EFBFBD>ĸ<EFBFBD><C4B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD><D5BC><EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ORDER BY
   <20><>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>˳<EFBFBD><CBB3>ɨ<EFBFBD>裬<EFBFBD><E8A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɨ<EFBFBD><C9A8>
   Ҫ<>졣
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD><C7A3><EFBFBD> LIMIT <20><> ORDER BY <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>ֻ<EFBFBD>᷵<EFBFBD>ر<EFBFBD><D8B1><EFBFBD>һС<D2BB><D0A1><EFBFBD>֡<EFBFBD> ʵ<><CAB5><EFBFBD>ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA3><EFBFBD>Ȼ MAX() <20><> MIN()
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ORDER BY <20><> LLIMIT
   ʹ<><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>СֵҲ<D6B5>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Եģ<D4B5>
        SELECT col
        FROM tab
        ORDER BY col [ DESC ]
        LIMIT 1;

   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><C8B7>PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD><C5BB><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>˳<EFBFBD><CBB3>ɨ<EFBFBD><C9A8><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD><C7B2><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>SET
   enable_seqscan TO 'off'ָ<>
   Ȼ<><C8BB><EFBFBD>ٴ<EFBFBD><D9B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><CDBF>Կ<EFBFBD><D4BF><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɨ<EFBFBD><C9A8><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD>ȷʵҪ<CAB5><D2AA>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9>
   
   <20><>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> LIKE <20><> ~ ʱ<><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ض<EFBFBD><D8B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD>
     * <20>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><CABC><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><D6B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5>
          + LIKE ģʽ<C4A3><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> % <20><>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7>
          + ~ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD>ģʽ<C4A3><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ^ <20><>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7>
     * <20>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƥ<EFBFBD><C6A5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD>ģʽ<C4A3><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> [a-e]<5D><>
     * <20><>Сд<D0A1>޹صIJ<D8B5><C4B2>ң<EFBFBD><D2A3><EFBFBD> ILIKE <20><> ~* <20>Ȳ<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> 4.8
       <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĺ<EFBFBD><C4BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
     * <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> initdb ʱ<><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȱʡ<C8B1>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> C
       locale<6C><65><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA><EFBFBD>ڷ<EFBFBD>C locale<6C><65><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>
       <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD><C2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>text_pattern_ops<70><73><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>LIKE<4B><45>
       <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
       
   <20><>8.0֮ǰ<EFBFBD>İ汾<EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƥ<EFBFBD>䣬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><C3B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ر<EFBFBD><D8B1>Ƕ<EFBFBD>int2,int8<74><38><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><CDB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
    4.7)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><CEB2>ܿ<EFBFBD><DCBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD><C5BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵIJ<D2B5>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>
    
   <20>ο<EFBFBD> EXPLAIN <20>ֲ<EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B3>
   
    4.8)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>Сд<D0A1>޹ص<DEB9><D8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD>ң<EFBFBD><D2A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><D0B4>
    <20>д<EFBFBD>޹ز<DEB9><D8B2>ң<EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ~ <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽƥ<CABD>䣬<EFBFBD><E4A3AC> ~*
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сд<D0A1>޹ص<DEB9><D8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽƥ<CABD>䡣<EFBFBD><E4A1A3>дЩ<D0B4>޹ص<DEB9> LIKE <20><><EFBFBD>ֳ<EFBFBD>Ϊ ILIKE<4B><45>
   
   <20><>Сд<D0A1>޹صĵ<D8B5>ʽ<EFBFBD>Ƚ<EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
    SELECT *
    FROM tab
    WHERE lower(col) = 'abc';

   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ñ<EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><D7BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><C7BF>Դ<EFBFBD><D4B4><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ɱ<EFBFBD><C9B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õĺ<C3B5><C4BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:
    CREATE INDEX tabindex ON tab (lower(col));

    4.9)<29><>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFA3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6>Ƿ<EFBFBD>Ϊ NULL
    <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><CEB2><EFBFBD>׼ȷ<D7BC><C8B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6>Ƿ<EFBFBD><C7B7><EFBFBD> NULL ֵ<><D6B5>
    
   <20><> IS NULL <20><> IS NOT NULL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<D6B6><CEA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>巽<EFBFBD><E5B7BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD>
   SELECT *
   FROM tab
   WHERE col IS NULL;

   Ϊ<><CEAA><EFBFBD>ܶԺ<DCB6> NULL<4C>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>򣬿<EFBFBD><F2A3ACBF><EFBFBD> ORDER BY <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9> IS NULL<4C><4C> IS NOT
   NULL <20><><EFBFBD>η<EFBFBD><CEB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA> true <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>false
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD>棬<EFBFBD><E6A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӾͻὫ<CDBB><E1BDAB> NULL <20>ļ<EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC><EFBFBD>ڽ<EFBFBD><DABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>沿<EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD>
   SELECT *
   FROM tab
   ORDER BY (col IS NOT NULL)

    4.10)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><D6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC>
    
        <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>    <20>ڲ<EFBFBD><DAB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>                      ˵<><CBB5>
     VARCHAR(n) varchar
   ָ<><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>󳤶ȣ<F3B3A4B6><C8A3>䳤<EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㶨<EFBFBD>峤<EFBFBD>ȵIJ<C8B5><C4B2>ֲ<EFBFBD><D6B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
     CHAR(n)    bpchar   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݲ<EFBFBD><DDB2>㶨<EFBFBD>峤<EFBFBD><E5B3A4>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD>Կո<D4BF><D5B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
     TEXT       text     û<><C3BB><EFBFBD>ر<EFBFBD><D8B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD><C6A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>󳤶<EFBFBD><F3B3A4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƣ<EFBFBD>
     BYTEA      bytea    <20>䳤<EFBFBD>ֽ<EFBFBD><D6BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>NULLҲ<4C><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>
     "char"     char     һ<><D2BB><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2><EFBFBD>㽫<EFBFBD><E3BDAB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><DAB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ơ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><C7B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"varlena"<22><><EFBFBD>䳤<EFBFBD><E4B3A4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><CBB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB7><EFBFBD>ĸ<EFBFBD><C4B8>ֽ<EFBFBD><D6BD>
   dz<><C7B3>ȣ<EFBFBD><C8A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><CAB5>ռ<EFBFBD>õĿռ<C4BF><D5BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD>СҪ<D0A1><D2AA>һЩ<D2BB><D0A9>
   Ȼ<><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><CDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD>ѹ<EFBFBD><D1B9><EFBFBD>洢<EFBFBD><E6B4A2>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> TOAST
   <20>ѻ<EFBFBD><D1BB>洢<EFBFBD><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˴<EFBFBD><CBB4>̿ռ<CCBF>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD>ܱ<EFBFBD>Ԥ<EFBFBD><D4A4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>١<EFBFBD>
   
   VARCHAR(n) <20>ڴ洢<DAB4><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>󳤶ȵı䳤<C4B1>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õġ<C3B5> TEXT
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ洢<DAB4><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɴ<EFBFBD> 1G<31><47><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƴ<EFBFBD><C6B3>ȵ<EFBFBD><C8B5>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
   CHAR(n) <20><><EFBFBD>ʺ<EFBFBD><CABA>ڴ洢<DAB4><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   CHAR(n)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶγ<D6B6><CEB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Կո<D4BF><D5B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㣨<EFBFBD><E3A3A8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD> <20><>
   VARCHAR(n) ֻ<>洢<EFBFBD><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD> BYTEA
   <20><><EFBFBD>ڴ洢<DAB4><E6B4A2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><DDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><C7B0><EFBFBD> NULL
   <20>ֽڵ<D6BD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9><EFBFBD>;<EFBFBD><CDBE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƶ<EFBFBD><C6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԡ<EFBFBD>
   
    4.11.1)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD>/<2F>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<D6B6>
    
   PostgreSQL ֧<><D6A7> SERIAL
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD><CDA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶ<EFBFBD><D6B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>磺
        CREATE TABLE person (
                id   SERIAL,
                name TEXT
        );

   <20><><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><D7AA>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>
        CREATE SEQUENCE person_id_seq;
        CREATE TABLE person (
                id   INT4 NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval('person_id_seq'),
                name TEXT
        );

   <20>ο<EFBFBD> create_sequence <20>ֲ<EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B3>ȡ<EFBFBD><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>еĸ<D0B5><C4B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>
   
    4.11.2)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>λ<EFBFBD><CEBB><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>кŵ<D0BA>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
    
   һ<>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><DAB2><EFBFBD>֮ǰ<D6AE><C7B0><EFBFBD>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA><EFBFBD> nextval() <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD><D0B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB> SERIAL
   ֵ<><D6B5>Ȼ<EFBFBD><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD>롣ʹ<EBA1A3><CAB9> 4.11.1 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>α<EFBFBD><CEB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
        new_id = execute("SELECT nextval('person_id_seq')");
        execute("INSERT INTO person (id, name) VALUES (new_id, 'Blaise Pascal')");

   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>ʹ<EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> new_id <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>磬<EFBFBD><E7A3AC>Ϊ person
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ע<><D7A2><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> SEQUENCE <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƽ<EFBFBD><C6BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <table>_<serialcolumn>_seq<65><71> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> table <20><> serialcolumn
   <20>ֱ<EFBFBD><D6B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><C4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƺ<EFBFBD><C6BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> SERIAL <20>ֶε<D6B6><CEB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ơ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>Ƶģ<C6B5><C4A3><EFBFBD> SERIAL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȱʡ<C8B1><CAA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA><EFBFBD> currval() <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ո<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5>
   SERIAL ֵ<><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>磺
        execute("INSERT INTO person (name) VALUES ('Blaise Pascal')");
        new_id = execute("SELECT currval('person_id_seq')");

    4.11.3)ʹ<><CAB9> currval() <20>ᵼ<EFBFBD>º<EFBFBD><C2BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>ij<EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><CDBB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>race condition<6F><6E><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD>ᡣcurrval() <20><><EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><D8B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㱾<EFBFBD>λỰ<CEBB><E1BBB0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>ĵ<EFBFBD>ǰֵ<C7B0><D6B5>
   
    4.11.4)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><ECB3A3>ֹ<EFBFBD><D6B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA>أ<EFBFBD>Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA>ֶε<D6B6>ȡֵ<C8A1>д<EFBFBD><D0B4><EFBFBD>
    <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>
    
   Ϊ<><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>߲<EFBFBD><DFB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԣ<EFBFBD><D4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><D2AA>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><D0B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>񣬲<EFBFBD><F1A3ACB2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮
   ǰ<><C7B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD>ͻᵼ<CDBB><E1B5BC><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><ECB3A3>ֹ<EFBFBD><D6B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>кŻ<D0BA><C5BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ּ<EFBFBD><D6BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
    4.12)ʲô<CAB2><C3B4> OID <20><>ʲô<CAB2><C3B4> CTID <20><>
    
   PostgreSQL
   <20>ﴴ<EFBFBD><EFB4B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ÿһ<C3BF>м<EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>Ψһ<CEA8><D2BB>OID<49><44><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><DAB4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱʹ<CAB1><CAB9>WITHOUT
   OIDSѡ<53> OID<49><44><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><D4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>4<EFBFBD>ֽڵ<D6BD><DAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> OID <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   PostgreSQL <20>о<EFBFBD><D0BE><EFBFBD>Ψһ<CEA8>ġ<EFBFBD> Ȼ<><C8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڳ<EFBFBD><DAB3><EFBFBD>40<34><30>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   OID<49>˺<EFBFBD><CBBA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ظ<EFBFBD><D8B8><EFBFBD>PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9> OID
   <20>ڱ<EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD>佨<EFBFBD><E4BDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD><CFB5>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><C3BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݱ<EFBFBD><DDB1>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>SERIAl<41><6C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>OID
   <20><>ΪSERIALֻ<4C>DZ<EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD><DAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ψһ<CEA8>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀ<EFBFBD><C4BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ծͷdz<CDB7>С<EFBFBD><D0A1>
   <20><> SERIAL8<4C><38><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>8<EFBFBD>ֽڵ<D6BD><DAB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><D0BA>ֶΡ<D6B6>
   
   CTID <20><><EFBFBD>ڱ<EFBFBD>ʶ<EFBFBD><CAB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ飨<DDBF><E9A3A8>ַ<EFBFBD><D6B7><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><CDA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڣ<EFBFBD>ƫ<EFBFBD>Ƶ<EFBFBD><C6B5>ض<EFBFBD><D8B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD> CTID
   <20>ڼ<EFBFBD>¼<EFBFBD><C2BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ļ<EFBFBD><C4BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>غ<EFBFBD><D8BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı䡣<C4B1><E4A1A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>
   
    4.13)Ϊʲô<CAB2><C3B4><EFBFBD>յ<EFBFBD><D5B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><CFA2>ERROR: Memory exhausted in AllocSetAlloc()<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
    
   <20><><EFBFBD>ܿ<EFBFBD><DCBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><DAB4>ù<EFBFBD><C3B9>ˣ<EFBFBD><CBA3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ں˶<DABA>ijЩ<C4B3><D0A9>Դ<EFBFBD>нϵ͵<CFB5><CDB5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><D6B5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><> postmaster ֮ǰ<D6AE><C7B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
        ulimit -d 262144
        limit datasize 256m

   ȡ<><C8A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>
   shell<6C><6C><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><D6BB>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB><EFBFBD>ܳɹ<DCB3><C9B9><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľ<EFBFBD><C4BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݶ<EFBFBD><DDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ñȽϸߣ
   <20>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ò<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD>ɡ<EFBFBD><C9A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><D3A6><EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><C7B0><EFBFBD>̣<EFBFBD><CCA3>Լ<EFBFBD><D4BC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӽ<EFBFBD><D3BD>̡<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>SQL<51>ͻ<EFBFBD><CDBB><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA>̨<EFBFBD><CCA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̫<EFBFBD><CCAB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݶ<EFBFBD><DDB6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣬<EFBFBD><E2A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>п
   ͻ<><CDBB><EFBFBD>֮ǰִ<C7B0><D6B4><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
    4.14)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>β<EFBFBD><CEB2><EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><D6AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD> PostgreSQL <20>İ汾<C4B0><E6B1BE>
    
   <20><> psql <20><EFBFBD><EFA3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> SELECT version();ָ<>
   
    4.15)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><D2BB>ȱʡֵ<CAA1>ǵ<EFBFBD>ǰʱ<C7B0><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֶΣ<D6B6>
    
   ʹ<><CAB9> CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<4D><50>
        CREATE TABLE test (x int, modtime TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP );

    4.16)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> outer join <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><D3A3><EFBFBD>
    
   PostgreSQL <20><><EFBFBD>ñ<EFBFBD>׼<EFBFBD><D7BC> SQL <20>﷨֧<EFB7A8><D6A7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>
        SELECT *
        FROM t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 ON (t1.col = t2.col);

   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
        SELECT *
        FROM t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 USING (col);

   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȼ۵IJ<DBB5>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF> t1.col <20><> t2.col <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD><D3A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҷ<EFBFBD><D2B7><EFBFBD> t1
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD>Щ<EFBFBD><D0A9> t2 <20><>û<EFBFBD><C3BB>ƥ<EFBFBD><C6A5><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD> <20><>[<5B><>]<5D><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(RIGHT OUTER
   JOIN)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> t2 <20><>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5>С<EFBFBD> <20><>ȫ<EFBFBD><C8AB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӣ<EFBFBD>FULL OUTER JOIN<49><4E><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> t1
   <20><> t2 <20><>δ<EFBFBD><CEB4><EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><D3B5>С<EFBFBD> <20>ؼ<EFBFBD><D8BC><EFBFBD> OUTER
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[<5B><>]<5D><><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><D3A1><EFBFBD>[<5B><>]<5D><><EFBFBD>Ӻ<EFBFBD><D3BA><EFBFBD>ȫ[<5B><>]<5D><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD>ѡ<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD>ӱ<EFBFBD><D3B1><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><CEAA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   <20><>INNER JOIN<49><4E><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
    4.17)<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9><EFBFBD>漰<EFBFBD><E6BCB0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>IJ<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>
    
   û<>а취<D0B0><ECB7A8>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>ǰ<EFBFBD><C7B0><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><D6AE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ⡣ <20><>Ϊ PostgreSQL
   Ҫ<><D2AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD>ϵͳĿ¼<C4BF><C2BC>ϵͳ<CFB5><CDB3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˿<EFBFBD><CBBF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݿ<EFBFBD><DDBF>IJ<EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD>
   <20><><EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
   
   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵģ<D6B5><C4A3>contrib/dblink<6E><6B><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֿ<EFBFBD><D6BF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><D2B2><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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   http://techdocs.postgresql.org/guides/SetReturningFunctions
   
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   <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>EXECUTE <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><D0B7>ʡ<EFBFBD><CAA1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ᱣ֤<E1B1A3><D6A4>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF>ִ<EFBFBD><D6B4>ǰ<EFBFBD>ܻᱻ<DCBB><E1B1BB><EFBFBD>½<EFBFBD><C2BD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   
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   <20><>/SELECT<43><54>ѯ<EFBFBD><D1AF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬 Ŀǰ<C4BF><C7B0><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѵ<EFBFBD><D1B5><EFBFBD>/<2F><> PostgreSQL<51><4C><EFBFBD>Ʒ<EFBFBD><C6B7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
   Slony-I <20><>
   
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