430 lines
17 KiB
C
430 lines
17 KiB
C
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Copyright (c) 2018, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
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This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
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terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
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"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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#pragma once
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#ifndef MIMALLOC_TYPES_H
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#define MIMALLOC_TYPES_H
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#include <stddef.h> // ptrdiff_t
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#include <stdint.h> // uintptr_t, uint16_t, etc
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#include <mimalloc-atomic.h> // _Atomic
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Variants
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Define NDEBUG in the release version to disable assertions.
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// #define NDEBUG
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// Define MI_STAT as 1 to maintain statistics; set it to 2 to have detailed statistics (but costs some performance).
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// #define MI_STAT 1
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// Define MI_SECURE to enable security mitigations
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// #define MI_SECURE 1 // guard page around metadata
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// #define MI_SECURE 2 // guard page around each mimalloc page
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// #define MI_SECURE 3 // encode free lists (detect corrupted free list (buffer overflow), and invalid pointer free)
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// #define MI_SECURE 4 // checks for double free. (may be more expensive)
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#if !defined(MI_SECURE)
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#define MI_SECURE 4
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#endif
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// Define MI_DEBUG for debug mode
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// #define MI_DEBUG 1 // basic assertion checks and statistics, check double free, corrupted free list, and invalid pointer free.
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// #define MI_DEBUG 2 // + internal assertion checks
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// #define MI_DEBUG 3 // + extensive internal invariant checking (cmake -DMI_DEBUG_FULL=ON)
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#if !defined(MI_DEBUG)
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#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(_DEBUG)
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#define MI_DEBUG 2
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#else
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#define MI_DEBUG 0
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#endif
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#endif
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// Encoded free lists allow detection of corrupted free lists
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// and can detect buffer overflows and double `free`s.
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#if (MI_SECURE>=3 || MI_DEBUG>=1)
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#define MI_ENCODE_FREELIST 1
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#endif
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Platform specific values
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Size of a pointer.
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// We assume that `sizeof(void*)==sizeof(intptr_t)`
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// and it holds for all platforms we know of.
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//
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// However, the C standard only requires that:
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// p == (void*)((intptr_t)p))
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// but we also need:
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// i == (intptr_t)((void*)i)
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// or otherwise one might define an intptr_t type that is larger than a pointer...
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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#if INTPTR_MAX == 9223372036854775807LL
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# define MI_INTPTR_SHIFT (3)
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#elif INTPTR_MAX == 2147483647LL
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# define MI_INTPTR_SHIFT (2)
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#else
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#error platform must be 32 or 64 bits
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#endif
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#define MI_INTPTR_SIZE (1<<MI_INTPTR_SHIFT)
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#define KiB ((size_t)1024)
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#define MiB (KiB*KiB)
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#define GiB (MiB*KiB)
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Main internal data-structures
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Main tuning parameters for segment and page sizes
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// Sizes for 64-bit, divide by two for 32-bit
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#define MI_SMALL_PAGE_SHIFT (13 + MI_INTPTR_SHIFT) // 64kb
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#define MI_MEDIUM_PAGE_SHIFT ( 3 + MI_SMALL_PAGE_SHIFT) // 512kb
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#define MI_LARGE_PAGE_SHIFT ( 3 + MI_MEDIUM_PAGE_SHIFT) // 4mb
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#define MI_SEGMENT_SHIFT ( MI_LARGE_PAGE_SHIFT) // 4mb
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// Derived constants
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#define MI_SEGMENT_SIZE (1<<MI_SEGMENT_SHIFT)
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#define MI_SEGMENT_MASK ((uintptr_t)MI_SEGMENT_SIZE - 1)
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#define MI_SMALL_PAGE_SIZE (1<<MI_SMALL_PAGE_SHIFT)
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#define MI_MEDIUM_PAGE_SIZE (1<<MI_MEDIUM_PAGE_SHIFT)
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#define MI_LARGE_PAGE_SIZE (1<<MI_LARGE_PAGE_SHIFT)
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#define MI_SMALL_PAGES_PER_SEGMENT (MI_SEGMENT_SIZE/MI_SMALL_PAGE_SIZE)
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#define MI_MEDIUM_PAGES_PER_SEGMENT (MI_SEGMENT_SIZE/MI_MEDIUM_PAGE_SIZE)
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#define MI_LARGE_PAGES_PER_SEGMENT (MI_SEGMENT_SIZE/MI_LARGE_PAGE_SIZE)
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// The max object size are checked to not waste more than 12.5% internally over the page sizes.
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// (Except for large pages since huge objects are allocated in 4MiB chunks)
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#define MI_SMALL_OBJ_SIZE_MAX (MI_SMALL_PAGE_SIZE/4) // 16kb
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#define MI_MEDIUM_OBJ_SIZE_MAX (MI_MEDIUM_PAGE_SIZE/4) // 128kb
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#define MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX (MI_LARGE_PAGE_SIZE/2) // 2mb
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#define MI_LARGE_OBJ_WSIZE_MAX (MI_LARGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX/MI_INTPTR_SIZE)
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#define MI_HUGE_OBJ_SIZE_MAX (2*MI_INTPTR_SIZE*MI_SEGMENT_SIZE) // (must match MI_REGION_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE in memory.c)
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// Minimal alignment necessary. On most platforms 16 bytes are needed
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// due to SSE registers for example. This must be at least `MI_INTPTR_SIZE`
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#define MI_MAX_ALIGN_SIZE 16 // sizeof(max_align_t)
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// Maximum number of size classes. (spaced exponentially in 12.5% increments)
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#define MI_BIN_HUGE (73U)
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#if (MI_LARGE_OBJ_WSIZE_MAX >= 655360)
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#error "define more bins"
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#endif
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// The free lists use encoded next fields
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// (Only actually encodes when MI_ENCODED_FREELIST is defined.)
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typedef uintptr_t mi_encoded_t;
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// free lists contain blocks
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typedef struct mi_block_s {
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mi_encoded_t next;
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} mi_block_t;
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// The delayed flags are used for efficient multi-threaded free-ing
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typedef enum mi_delayed_e {
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MI_NO_DELAYED_FREE = 0,
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MI_USE_DELAYED_FREE = 1,
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MI_DELAYED_FREEING = 2,
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MI_NEVER_DELAYED_FREE = 3
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} mi_delayed_t;
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// The `in_full` and `has_aligned` page flags are put in a union to efficiently
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// test if both are false (`full_aligned == 0`) in the `mi_free` routine.
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typedef union mi_page_flags_s {
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uint8_t full_aligned;
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struct {
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uint8_t in_full : 1;
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uint8_t has_aligned : 1;
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} x;
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} mi_page_flags_t;
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// Thread free list.
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// We use the bottom 2 bits of the pointer for mi_delayed_t flags
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typedef uintptr_t mi_thread_free_t;
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// A page contains blocks of one specific size (`block_size`).
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// Each page has three list of free blocks:
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// `free` for blocks that can be allocated,
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// `local_free` for freed blocks that are not yet available to `mi_malloc`
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// `thread_free` for freed blocks by other threads
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// The `local_free` and `thread_free` lists are migrated to the `free` list
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// when it is exhausted. The separate `local_free` list is necessary to
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// implement a monotonic heartbeat. The `thread_free` list is needed for
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// avoiding atomic operations in the common case.
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//
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// `used - thread_freed` == actual blocks that are in use (alive)
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// `used - thread_freed + |free| + |local_free| == capacity`
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//
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// note: we don't count `freed` (as |free|) instead of `used` to reduce
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// the number of memory accesses in the `mi_page_all_free` function(s).
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// note: the funny layout here is due to:
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// - access is optimized for `mi_free` and `mi_page_alloc`
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// - using `uint16_t` does not seem to slow things down
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typedef struct mi_page_s {
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// "owned" by the segment
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uint8_t segment_idx; // index in the segment `pages` array, `page == &segment->pages[page->segment_idx]`
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uint8_t segment_in_use:1; // `true` if the segment allocated this page
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uint8_t is_reset:1; // `true` if the page memory was reset
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uint8_t is_committed:1; // `true` if the page virtual memory is committed
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uint8_t is_zero_init:1; // `true` if the page was zero initialized
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// layout like this to optimize access in `mi_malloc` and `mi_free`
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uint16_t capacity; // number of blocks committed, must be the first field, see `segment.c:page_clear`
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uint16_t reserved; // number of blocks reserved in memory
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mi_page_flags_t flags; // `in_full` and `has_aligned` flags (8 bits)
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bool is_zero; // `true` if the blocks in the free list are zero initialized
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mi_block_t* free; // list of available free blocks (`malloc` allocates from this list)
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#ifdef MI_ENCODE_FREELIST
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uintptr_t cookie; // random cookie to encode the free lists
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#endif
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size_t used; // number of blocks in use (including blocks in `local_free` and `thread_free`)
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mi_block_t* local_free; // list of deferred free blocks by this thread (migrates to `free`)
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volatile _Atomic(uintptr_t) thread_freed; // at least this number of blocks are in `thread_free`
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volatile _Atomic(mi_thread_free_t) thread_free; // list of deferred free blocks freed by other threads
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// less accessed info
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size_t block_size; // size available in each block (always `>0`)
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mi_heap_t* heap; // the owning heap
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struct mi_page_s* next; // next page owned by this thread with the same `block_size`
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struct mi_page_s* prev; // previous page owned by this thread with the same `block_size`
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// improve page index calculation
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// without padding: 10 words on 64-bit, 11 on 32-bit. Secure adds one word
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#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE==8 && defined(MI_ENCODE_FREELIST)) || (MI_INTPTR_SIZE==4 && !defined(MI_ENCODE_FREELIST))
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void* padding[1]; // 12 words on 64-bit with cookie, 12 words on 32-bit plain
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#endif
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} mi_page_t;
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typedef enum mi_page_kind_e {
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MI_PAGE_SMALL, // small blocks go into 64kb pages inside a segment
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MI_PAGE_MEDIUM, // medium blocks go into 512kb pages inside a segment
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MI_PAGE_LARGE, // larger blocks go into a single page spanning a whole segment
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MI_PAGE_HUGE // huge blocks (>512kb) are put into a single page in a segment of the exact size (but still 2mb aligned)
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} mi_page_kind_t;
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// Segments are large allocated memory blocks (2mb on 64 bit) from
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// the OS. Inside segments we allocated fixed size _pages_ that
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// contain blocks.
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typedef struct mi_segment_s {
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// memory fields
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size_t memid; // id for the os-level memory manager
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bool mem_is_fixed; // `true` if we cannot decommit/reset/protect in this memory (i.e. when allocated using large OS pages)
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bool mem_is_committed; // `true` if the whole segment is eagerly committed
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// segment fields
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struct mi_segment_s* next; // must be the first segment field -- see `segment.c:segment_alloc`
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struct mi_segment_s* prev;
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volatile _Atomic(struct mi_segment_s*) abandoned_next;
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size_t abandoned; // abandoned pages (i.e. the original owning thread stopped) (`abandoned <= used`)
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size_t used; // count of pages in use (`used <= capacity`)
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size_t capacity; // count of available pages (`#free + used`)
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size_t segment_size;// for huge pages this may be different from `MI_SEGMENT_SIZE`
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size_t segment_info_size; // space we are using from the first page for segment meta-data and possible guard pages.
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uintptr_t cookie; // verify addresses in debug mode: `mi_ptr_cookie(segment) == segment->cookie`
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// layout like this to optimize access in `mi_free`
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size_t page_shift; // `1 << page_shift` == the page sizes == `page->block_size * page->reserved` (unless the first page, then `-segment_info_size`).
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volatile _Atomic(uintptr_t) thread_id; // unique id of the thread owning this segment
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mi_page_kind_t page_kind; // kind of pages: small, large, or huge
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mi_page_t pages[1]; // up to `MI_SMALL_PAGES_PER_SEGMENT` pages
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} mi_segment_t;
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Heaps
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// Provide first-class heaps to allocate from.
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// A heap just owns a set of pages for allocation and
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// can only be allocate/reallocate from the thread that created it.
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// Freeing blocks can be done from any thread though.
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// Per thread, the segments are shared among its heaps.
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// Per thread, there is always a default heap that is
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// used for allocation; it is initialized to statically
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// point to an empty heap to avoid initialization checks
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// in the fast path.
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Thread local data
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typedef struct mi_tld_s mi_tld_t;
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// Pages of a certain block size are held in a queue.
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typedef struct mi_page_queue_s {
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mi_page_t* first;
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mi_page_t* last;
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size_t block_size;
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} mi_page_queue_t;
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#define MI_BIN_FULL (MI_BIN_HUGE+1)
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// A heap owns a set of pages.
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struct mi_heap_s {
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mi_tld_t* tld;
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mi_page_t* pages_free_direct[MI_SMALL_WSIZE_MAX + 2]; // optimize: array where every entry points a page with possibly free blocks in the corresponding queue for that size.
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mi_page_queue_t pages[MI_BIN_FULL + 1]; // queue of pages for each size class (or "bin")
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volatile _Atomic(mi_block_t*) thread_delayed_free;
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uintptr_t thread_id; // thread this heap belongs too
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uintptr_t cookie;
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uintptr_t random; // random number used for secure allocation
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size_t page_count; // total number of pages in the `pages` queues.
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bool no_reclaim; // `true` if this heap should not reclaim abandoned pages
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};
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Debug
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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#define MI_DEBUG_UNINIT (0xD0)
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#define MI_DEBUG_FREED (0xDF)
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#if (MI_DEBUG)
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// use our own assertion to print without memory allocation
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void _mi_assert_fail(const char* assertion, const char* fname, unsigned int line, const char* func );
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#define mi_assert(expr) ((expr) ? (void)0 : _mi_assert_fail(#expr,__FILE__,__LINE__,__func__))
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#else
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#define mi_assert(x)
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#endif
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#if (MI_DEBUG>1)
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#define mi_assert_internal mi_assert
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#else
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#define mi_assert_internal(x)
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#endif
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#if (MI_DEBUG>2)
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#define mi_assert_expensive mi_assert
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#else
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#define mi_assert_expensive(x)
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#endif
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Statistics
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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#ifndef MI_STAT
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#if (MI_DEBUG>0)
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#define MI_STAT 2
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#else
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#define MI_STAT 0
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#endif
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#endif
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typedef struct mi_stat_count_s {
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int64_t allocated;
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int64_t freed;
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int64_t peak;
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int64_t current;
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} mi_stat_count_t;
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typedef struct mi_stat_counter_s {
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int64_t total;
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int64_t count;
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} mi_stat_counter_t;
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typedef struct mi_stats_s {
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mi_stat_count_t segments;
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mi_stat_count_t pages;
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mi_stat_count_t reserved;
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mi_stat_count_t committed;
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mi_stat_count_t reset;
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mi_stat_count_t page_committed;
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mi_stat_count_t segments_abandoned;
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mi_stat_count_t pages_abandoned;
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mi_stat_count_t threads;
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mi_stat_count_t huge;
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mi_stat_count_t giant;
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mi_stat_count_t malloc;
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mi_stat_count_t segments_cache;
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mi_stat_counter_t pages_extended;
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mi_stat_counter_t mmap_calls;
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mi_stat_counter_t commit_calls;
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mi_stat_counter_t page_no_retire;
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mi_stat_counter_t searches;
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mi_stat_counter_t huge_count;
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mi_stat_counter_t giant_count;
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#if MI_STAT>1
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mi_stat_count_t normal[MI_BIN_HUGE+1];
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#endif
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} mi_stats_t;
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void _mi_stat_increase(mi_stat_count_t* stat, size_t amount);
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void _mi_stat_decrease(mi_stat_count_t* stat, size_t amount);
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void _mi_stat_counter_increase(mi_stat_counter_t* stat, size_t amount);
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#if (MI_STAT)
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#define mi_stat_increase(stat,amount) _mi_stat_increase( &(stat), amount)
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#define mi_stat_decrease(stat,amount) _mi_stat_decrease( &(stat), amount)
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#define mi_stat_counter_increase(stat,amount) _mi_stat_counter_increase( &(stat), amount)
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#else
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#define mi_stat_increase(stat,amount) (void)0
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#define mi_stat_decrease(stat,amount) (void)0
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#define mi_stat_counter_increase(stat,amount) (void)0
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#endif
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#define mi_heap_stat_increase(heap,stat,amount) mi_stat_increase( (heap)->tld->stats.stat, amount)
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#define mi_heap_stat_decrease(heap,stat,amount) mi_stat_decrease( (heap)->tld->stats.stat, amount)
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Thread Local data
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// ------------------------------------------------------
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// Queue of segments
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typedef struct mi_segment_queue_s {
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mi_segment_t* first;
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mi_segment_t* last;
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} mi_segment_queue_t;
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// Segments thread local data
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typedef struct mi_segments_tld_s {
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mi_segment_queue_t small_free; // queue of segments with free small pages
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mi_segment_queue_t medium_free; // queue of segments with free medium pages
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size_t count; // current number of segments;
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size_t peak_count; // peak number of segments
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size_t current_size; // current size of all segments
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size_t peak_size; // peak size of all segments
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size_t cache_count; // number of segments in the cache
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size_t cache_size; // total size of all segments in the cache
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mi_segment_t* cache; // (small) cache of segments
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mi_stats_t* stats; // points to tld stats
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} mi_segments_tld_t;
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// OS thread local data
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typedef struct mi_os_tld_s {
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size_t region_idx; // start point for next allocation
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mi_stats_t* stats; // points to tld stats
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} mi_os_tld_t;
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// Thread local data
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struct mi_tld_s {
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unsigned long long heartbeat; // monotonic heartbeat count
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bool recurse; // true if deferred was called; used to prevent infinite recursion.
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mi_heap_t* heap_backing; // backing heap of this thread (cannot be deleted)
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mi_segments_tld_t segments; // segment tld
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mi_os_tld_t os; // os tld
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mi_stats_t stats; // statistics
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};
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#endif
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