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https://github.com/MidnightCommander/mc
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* ABOUT-NLS: Update to the version from gettext-0.10.38.
This commit is contained in:
Pavel Roskin
parent
45d7dee152
commit
27bb8d65b8
271
ABOUT-NLS
271
ABOUT-NLS
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ A few packages already provide translations for their messages.
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If you found this `ABOUT-NLS' file inside a distribution, you may
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assume that the distributed package does use GNU `gettext' internally,
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itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you do *not*
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itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you do _not_
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need to install GNU `gettext' prior to configuring, installing or using
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this package with messages translated.
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@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ related to internationalization, you should tell about the version of
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`gettext' which is used. The information can be found in the
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`intl/VERSION' file, in internationalized packages.
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One advise in advance
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=====================
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Quick configuration advice
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==========================
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If you want to exploit the full power of internationalization, you
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should configure it using
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@ -34,13 +34,14 @@ to force usage of internationalizing routines provided within this
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package, despite the existence of internationalizing capabilities in the
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operating system where this package is being installed. So far, only
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the `gettext' implementation in the GNU C library version 2 provides as
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many features (such as locale alias or message inheritance) as the
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implementation here. It is also not possible to offer this additional
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functionality on top of a `catgets' implementation. Future versions of
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GNU `gettext' will very likely convey even more functionality. So it
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might be a good idea to change to GNU `gettext' as soon as possible.
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many features (such as locale alias, message inheritance, automatic
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charset conversion or plural form handling) as the implementation here.
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It is also not possible to offer this additional functionality on top
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of a `catgets' implementation. Future versions of GNU `gettext' will
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very likely convey even more functionality. So it might be a good idea
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to change to GNU `gettext' as soon as possible.
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So you need not provide this option if you are using GNU libc 2 or
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So you need _not_ provide this option if you are using GNU libc 2 or
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you have installed a recent copy of the GNU gettext package with the
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included `libintl'.
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@ -53,23 +54,20 @@ Most such packages use GNU `gettext'. Other packages have their own
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ways to internationalization, predating GNU `gettext'.
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By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of
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messages. It will automatically detect whether the system provides
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usable `catgets' (if using this is selected by the installer) or
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`gettext' functions. If neither is available, the GNU `gettext' own
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messages. It will automatically detect whether the system already
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provides the GNU `gettext' functions. If not, the GNU `gettext' own
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library will be used. This library is wholly contained within this
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package, usually in the `intl/' subdirectory, so prior installation of
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the GNU `gettext' package is *not* required. Installers may use
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the GNU `gettext' package is _not_ required. Installers may use
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special options at configuration time for changing the default
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behaviour. The commands:
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./configure --with-included-gettext
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./configure --with-catgets
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./configure --disable-nls
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will respectively bypass any pre-existing `catgets' or `gettext' to use
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the internationalizing routines provided within this package, enable
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the use of the `catgets' functions (if found on the locale system), or
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else, *totally* disable translation of messages.
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will respectively bypass any pre-existing `gettext' to use the
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internationalizing routines provided within this package, or else,
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_totally_ disable translation of messages.
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When you already have GNU `gettext' installed on your system and run
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configure without an option for your new package, `configure' will
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@ -83,18 +81,10 @@ package is more recent, you should use
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to prevent auto-detection.
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By default the configuration process will not test for the `catgets'
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function and therefore they will not be used. The reasons are already
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given above: the emulation on top of `catgets' cannot provide all the
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extensions provided by the GNU `gettext' library. If you nevertheless
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want to use the `catgets' functions use
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./configure --with-catgets
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to enable the test for `catgets' (this causes no harm if `catgets' is
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not available on your system). If you really select this option we
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would like to hear about the reasons because we cannot think of any
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good one ourself.
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The configuration process will not test for the `catgets' function
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and therefore it will not be used. The reason is that even an
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emulation of `gettext' on top of `catgets' could not provide all the
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extensions of the GNU `gettext' library.
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Internationalized packages have usually many `po/LL.po' files, where
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LL gives an ISO 639 two-letter code identifying the language. Unless
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@ -110,22 +100,35 @@ Using This Package
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As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you
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only have to set the `LANG' environment variable to the appropriate
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ISO 639 `LL' two-letter code prior to using the programs in the
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package. For example, let's suppose that you speak German. At the
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shell prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de' (in `csh'),
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`export LANG; LANG=de' (in `sh') or `export LANG=de' (in `bash'). This
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can be done from your `.login' or `.profile' file, once and for all.
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`LL_CC' combination. Here `LL' is an ISO 639 two-letter language code,
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and `CC' is an ISO 3166 two-letter country code. For example, let's
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suppose that you speak German and live in Germany. At the shell
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prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de_DE' (in `csh'),
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`export LANG; LANG=de_DE' (in `sh') or `export LANG=de_DE' (in `bash').
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This can be done from your `.login' or `.profile' file, once and for
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all.
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An operating system might already offer message localization for
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many of its programs, while other programs have been installed locally
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with the full capabilities of GNU `gettext'. Just using `gettext'
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extended syntax for `LANG' would break proper localization of already
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available operating system programs. In this case, users should set
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both `LANGUAGE' and `LANG' variables in their environment, as programs
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using GNU `gettext' give preference to `LANGUAGE'. For example, some
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Swedish users would rather read translations in German than English for
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when Swedish is not available. This is easily accomplished by setting
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`LANGUAGE' to `sv:de' while leaving `LANG' to `sv'.
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You might think that the country code specification is redundant.
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But in fact, some languages have dialects in different countries. For
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example, `de_AT' is used for Austria, and `pt_BR' for Brazil. The
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country code serves to distinguish the dialects.
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Not all programs have translations for all languages. By default, an
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English message is shown in place of a nonexistent translation. If you
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understand other languages, you can set up a priority list of languages.
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This is done through a different environment variable, called
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`LANGUAGE'. GNU `gettext' gives preference to `LANGUAGE' over `LANG'
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for the purpose of message handling, but you still need to have `LANG'
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set to the primary language; this is required by other parts of the
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system libraries. For example, some Swedish users who would rather
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read translations in German than English for when Swedish is not
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available, set `LANGUAGE' to `sv:de' while leaving `LANG' to `sv_SE'.
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In the `LANGUAGE' environment variable, but not in the `LANG'
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environment variable, `LL_CC' combinations can be abbreviated as `LL'
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to denote the language's main dialect. For example, `de' is equivalent
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to `de_DE' (German as spoken in Germany), and `pt' to `pt_PT'
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(Portuguese as spoken in Portugal) in this context.
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Translating Teams
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=================
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@ -133,32 +136,21 @@ Translating Teams
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For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested
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people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also
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able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language.
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Each translation team has its own mailing list, courtesy of Linux
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International. You may reach your translation team at the address
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`LL@li.org', replacing LL by the two-letter ISO 639 code for your
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language. Language codes are *not* the same as the country codes given
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in ISO 3166. The following translation teams exist, as of August 1997:
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Each translation team has its own mailing list. The up-to-date list of
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teams can be found at the Free Translation Project's homepage,
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`http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/contrib/po/HTML/', in the "National teams"
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area.
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Chinese `zh', Czech `cs', Danish `da', Dutch `nl', English `en',
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Esperanto `eo', Finnish `fi', French `fr', German `de', Hungarian
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`hu', Irish `ga', Italian `it', Indonesian `id', Japanese `ja',
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Korean `ko', Latin `la', Norwegian `no', Persian `fa', Polish
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`pl', Portuguese `pt', Russian `ru', Slovenian `sl', Spanish `es',
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Swedish `sv', and Turkish `tr'.
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For example, you may reach the Chinese translation team by writing to
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`zh@li.org'.
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If you'd like to volunteer to *work* at translating messages, you
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If you'd like to volunteer to _work_ at translating messages, you
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should become a member of the translating team for your own language.
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The subscribing address is *not* the same as the list itself, it has
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The subscribing address is _not_ the same as the list itself, it has
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`-request' appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send a
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message to `sv-request@li.org', having this message body:
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subscribe
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Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate
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*actively* in translations, or at solving translational difficulties,
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_actively_ in translations, or at solving translational difficulties,
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rather than merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and
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you want to start one, or if you are unsure about what to do or how to
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get started, please write to `translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to reach the
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@ -172,42 +164,102 @@ Available Packages
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==================
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Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following
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matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of August
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1997. The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which languages
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PO files have been submitted to translation coordination.
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matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of May 2001.
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The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which languages PO
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files have been submitted to translation coordination, with a
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translation percentage of at least 50%.
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Ready PO files cs da de en es fi fr it ja ko nl no pl pt sl sv
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.-------------------------------------------------.
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bash | [] [] [] | 3
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bison | [] [] [] | 3
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clisp | [] [] [] [] | 4
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cpio | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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enscript | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 10
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findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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flex | [] [] [] [] | 4
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gcal | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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gettext | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 11
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grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 10
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id-utils | [] [] [] | 3
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indent | [] [] [] [] | 4
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libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 7
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m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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make | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 6
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music | [] [] | 2
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ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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sh-utils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 7
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sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 5
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tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 10
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texinfo | [] | 1
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textutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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`-------------------------------------------------'
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16 languages cs da de en es fi fr it ja ko nl no pl pt sl sv
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27 packages 3 2 24 1 17 1 26 2 1 11 20 9 19 7 7 17 167
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Ready PO files bg cs da de el en eo es et fi fr gl hr id it
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+----------------------------------------------+
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a2ps | [] [] |
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bash | [] [] [] [] |
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bison | [] [] [] [] |
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clisp | [] [] [] [] |
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cpio | [] [] [] [] |
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diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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enscript | [] [] |
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error | [] |
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fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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flex | [] [] [] |
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gawk | |
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gcal | |
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gcc | [] |
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gettext | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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gnupg | [] [] [] [] [] |
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grep | [] [] [] |
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hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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id-utils | [] [] |
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indent | [] [] [] [] [] |
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libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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lilypond | |
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lynx | [] [] [] |
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m4 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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make | [] [] [] [] |
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parted | [] [] |
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ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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python | |
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recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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sh-utils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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soundtracker | |
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sp | |
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tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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texinfo | [] [] [] [] |
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textutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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util-linux | [] |
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wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] |
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+----------------------------------------------+
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bg cs da de el en eo es et fi fr gl hr id it
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0 14 21 27 10 1 8 20 13 1 28 17 0 9 11
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ja ko lv nl no pl pt pt_BR ru sk sl sv tr zh
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+----------------------------------------------+
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a2ps | [] [] [] | 5
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bash | | 4
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bison | [] [] [] | 7
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clisp | [] | 5
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cpio | [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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diffutils | [] [] [] | 10
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enscript | [] [] [] | 5
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error | | 1
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fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 16
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findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 14
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flex | [] [] [] | 6
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gawk | | 0
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gcal | | 0
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gcc | [] | 2
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gettext | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 19
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gnupg | [] [] [] | 8
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grep | | 3
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hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 17
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id-utils | [] [] [] | 5
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indent | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 12
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libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 15
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lilypond | [] | 1
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lynx | [] [] [] [] [] | 8
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m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | 12
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make | [] [] [] [] [] | 9
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parted | [] [] [] | 5
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ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 13
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python | | 0
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recode | [] [] [] | 11
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sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 16
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sh-utils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 19
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sharutils | [] [] [] [] | 11
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soundtracker | | 0
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sp | | 0
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tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 16
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texinfo | [] [] | 6
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textutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 15
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util-linux | [] | 2
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wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] | 12
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wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 17
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+----------------------------------------------+
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29 teams ja ko lv nl no pl pt pt_BR ru sk sl sv tr zh
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40 domains 18 8 0 23 6 16 1 15 26 9 9 20 2 3 336
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Some counters in the preceding matrix are higher than the number of
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visible blocks let us expect. This is because a few extra PO files are
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@ -220,6 +272,25 @@ distributed as such by its maintainer. There might be an observable
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lag between the mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a
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distribution.
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If August 1997 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy of
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this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites.
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If May 2001 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy of
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this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites. The most up-to-date
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matrix with full percentage details can be found at
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`http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/contrib/po/HTML/matrix.html'.
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Using `gettext' in new packages
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===============================
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If you are writing a freely available program and want to
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internationalize it you are welcome to use GNU `gettext' in your
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package. Of course the GNU Public License applies to your sources from
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then if you include `gettext' directly in your distribution on but
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since you are writing free software anyway this is no restriction.
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Once the sources are change appropriately and the setup can handle to
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use of `gettext' the only thing missing are the translations. The Free
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Translation Project is also available for packages which are not
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developed inside the GNU project. Therefore the information given above
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applies also for every other Free Software Project. Contact
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`translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to make the `.pot' files available to
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the translation teams.
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@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
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2001-06-29 Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
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* ABOUT-NLS: Update to the version from gettext-0.10.38.
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* Make.common.in (XCPPFLAGS): Don't add -I$(top_srcdir) - it's
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now done in configure. Move -I.. to the beginning.
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* Makefile.am (SUBDIRS): Move intl po to the beginning, since
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Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user