lua/ltablib.c

/*
** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.72 2014/07/25 18:46:00 roberto Exp roberto $
** Library for Table Manipulation
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/


#include <limits.h>
#include <stddef.h>

#define ltablib_c
#define LUA_LIB

#include "lua.h"

#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"



/*
** Structure with table-access functions
*/
typedef struct {
  int (*geti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
  void (*seti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
} TabA;


/*
** equivalent to 'lua_rawgeti', but not raw
*/
static int geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
  lua_pushinteger(L, n);
  return lua_gettable(L, idx);  /* assume 'idx' is not negative */
}


/*
** equivalent to 'lua_rawseti', but not raw
*/
static void seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
  lua_pushinteger(L, n);
  lua_rotate(L, -2, 1);  /* exchange key and value */
  lua_settable(L, idx);  /* assume 'idx' is not negative */
}


/*
** Check that 'arg' has a table and set access functions in 'ta' to raw
** or non-raw according to the presence of corresponding metamethods.
*/
static void checktab (lua_State *L, int arg, TabA *ta) {
  luaL_checktype(L, arg, LUA_TTABLE);
  if (!lua_getmetatable(L, arg)) {  /* fast track */
    ta->geti = lua_rawgeti;  /* with no metatable, all is raw */
    ta->seti = lua_rawseti;
  }
  else {
    lua_pushliteral(L, "__index");  /* 'index' metamethod */
    ta->geti = (lua_rawget(L, -2) == LUA_TNIL) ? lua_rawgeti : geti;
    lua_pushliteral(L, "__newindex");  /* 'newindex' metamethod */
    ta->seti = (lua_rawget(L, -3) == LUA_TNIL) ? lua_rawseti : seti;
    lua_pop(L, 3);  /* pop metatable plus both metamethods */
  }
}


#define aux_getn(L,n,ta)	(checktab(L, n, ta), luaL_len(L, n))


#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MAXN)
static int maxn (lua_State *L) {
  lua_Number max = 0;
  luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
  lua_pushnil(L);  /* first key */
  while (lua_next(L, 1)) {
    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove value */
    if (lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
      lua_Number v = lua_tonumber(L, -1);
      if (v > max) max = v;
    }
  }
  lua_pushnumber(L, max);
  return 1;
}
#endif


static int tinsert (lua_State *L) {
  TabA ta;
  lua_Integer e = aux_getn(L, 1, &ta) + 1;  /* first empty element */
  lua_Integer pos;  /* where to insert new element */
  switch (lua_gettop(L)) {
    case 2: {  /* called with only 2 arguments */
      pos = e;  /* insert new element at the end */
      break;
    }
    case 3: {
      lua_Integer i;
      pos = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);  /* 2nd argument is the position */
      luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= pos && pos <= e, 2, "position out of bounds");
      for (i = e; i > pos; i--) {  /* move up elements */
        (*ta.geti)(L, 1, i - 1);
        (*ta.seti)(L, 1, i);  /* t[i] = t[i - 1] */
      }
      break;
    }
    default: {
      return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments to " LUA_QL("insert"));
    }
  }
  (*ta.seti)(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = v */
  return 0;
}


static int tremove (lua_State *L) {
  TabA ta;
  lua_Integer size = aux_getn(L, 1, &ta);
  lua_Integer pos = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, size);
  if (pos != size)  /* validate 'pos' if given */
    luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= pos && pos <= size + 1, 1, "position out of bounds");
  (*ta.geti)(L, 1, pos);  /* result = t[pos] */
  for ( ; pos < size; pos++) {
    (*ta.geti)(L, 1, pos + 1);
    (*ta.seti)(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = t[pos + 1] */
  }
  lua_pushnil(L);
  (*ta.seti)(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = nil */
  return 1;
}


static int tcopy (lua_State *L) {
  TabA ta;
  lua_Integer f = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
  lua_Integer e = luaL_checkinteger(L, 3);
  lua_Integer t;
  int tt = 4;  /* destination table */
  /* the following restriction avoids several problems with overflows */
  luaL_argcheck(L, f > 0, 2, "initial position must be positive");
  if (lua_istable(L, tt))
    t = luaL_checkinteger(L, 5);
  else {
    tt = 1;  /* destination table is equal to source */
    t = luaL_checkinteger(L, 4);
  }
  if (e >= f) {  /* otherwise, nothing to move */
    lua_Integer n, i;
    ta.geti = (!luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__index")) ? lua_rawgeti : geti;
    ta.seti = (!luaL_getmetafield(L, tt, "__newindex")) ? lua_rawseti : seti;
    n = e - f + 1;  /* number of elements to move */
    if (t > f) {
      for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        (*ta.geti)(L, 1, f + i);
        (*ta.seti)(L, tt, t + i);
      }
    }
    else {
      for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        (*ta.geti)(L, 1, f + i);
        (*ta.seti)(L, tt, t + i);
      }
    }
  }
  lua_pushvalue(L, tt);  /* return "to table" */
  return 1;
}


static void addfield (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, TabA *ta, lua_Integer i) {
  (*ta->geti)(L, 1, i);
  if (!lua_isstring(L, -1))
    luaL_error(L, "invalid value (%s) at index %d in table for "
                  LUA_QL("concat"), luaL_typename(L, -1), i);
  luaL_addvalue(b);
}


static int tconcat (lua_State *L) {
  TabA ta;
  luaL_Buffer b;
  size_t lsep;
  lua_Integer i, last;
  const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 2, "", &lsep);
  checktab(L, 1, &ta);
  i = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1);
  last = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 4, luaL_len(L, 1));
  luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
  for (; i < last; i++) {
    addfield(L, &b, &ta, i);
    luaL_addlstring(&b, sep, lsep);
  }
  if (i == last)  /* add last value (if interval was not empty) */
    addfield(L, &b, &ta, i);
  luaL_pushresult(&b);
  return 1;
}


/*
** {======================================================
** Pack/unpack
** =======================================================
*/

static int pack (lua_State *L) {
  int i;
  int n = lua_gettop(L);  /* number of elements to pack */
  lua_createtable(L, n, 1);  /* create result table */
  lua_insert(L, 1);  /* put it at index 1 */
  for (i = n; i >= 1; i--)  /* assign elements */
    lua_rawseti(L, 1, i);
  lua_pushinteger(L, n);
  lua_setfield(L, 1, "n");  /* t.n = number of elements */
  return 1;  /* return table */
}


static int unpack (lua_State *L) {
  TabA ta;
  lua_Integer i, e;
  lua_Unsigned n;
  checktab(L, 1, &ta);
  i = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
  e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 3, luaL_len(L, 1));
  if (i > e) return 0;  /* empty range */
  n = (lua_Unsigned)e - i;  /* number of elements minus 1 (avoid overflows) */
  if (n >= (unsigned int)INT_MAX  || !lua_checkstack(L, (int)(++n)))
    return luaL_error(L, "too many results to unpack");
  do {  /* must have at least one element */
    (*ta.geti)(L, 1, i);  /* push arg[i..e] */
  } while (i++ < e); 

  return (int)n;
}

/* }====================================================== */



/*
** {======================================================
** Quicksort
** (based on `Algorithms in MODULA-3', Robert Sedgewick;
**  Addison-Wesley, 1993.)
** =======================================================
*/


static void set2 (lua_State *L, TabA *ta, int i, int j) {
  (*ta->seti)(L, 1, i);
  (*ta->seti)(L, 1, j);
}

static int sort_comp (lua_State *L, int a, int b) {
  if (!lua_isnil(L, 2)) {  /* function? */
    int res;
    lua_pushvalue(L, 2);
    lua_pushvalue(L, a-1);  /* -1 to compensate function */
    lua_pushvalue(L, b-2);  /* -2 to compensate function and `a' */
    lua_call(L, 2, 1);
    res = lua_toboolean(L, -1);
    lua_pop(L, 1);
    return res;
  }
  else  /* a < b? */
    return lua_compare(L, a, b, LUA_OPLT);
}

static void auxsort (lua_State *L, TabA *ta, int l, int u) {
  while (l < u) {  /* for tail recursion */
    int i, j;
    /* sort elements a[l], a[(l+u)/2] and a[u] */
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, l);
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, u);
    if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2))  /* a[u] < a[l]? */
      set2(L, ta, l, u);  /* swap a[l] - a[u] */
    else
      lua_pop(L, 2);
    if (u-l == 1) break;  /* only 2 elements */
    i = (l+u)/2;
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, i);
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, l);
    if (sort_comp(L, -2, -1))  /* a[i]<a[l]? */
      set2(L, ta, i, l);
    else {
      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[l] */
      (*ta->geti)(L, 1, u);
      if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2))  /* a[u]<a[i]? */
        set2(L, ta, i, u);
      else
        lua_pop(L, 2);
    }
    if (u-l == 2) break;  /* only 3 elements */
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, i);  /* Pivot */
    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, u-1);
    set2(L, ta, i, u-1);
    /* a[l] <= P == a[u-1] <= a[u], only need to sort from l+1 to u-2 */
    i = l; j = u-1;
    for (;;) {  /* invariant: a[l..i] <= P <= a[j..u] */
      /* repeat ++i until a[i] >= P */
      while ((*ta->geti)(L, 1, ++i), sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) {
        if (i>=u) luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
        lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[i] */
      }
      /* repeat --j until a[j] <= P */
      while ((*ta->geti)(L, 1, --j), sort_comp(L, -3, -1)) {
        if (j<=l) luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
        lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[j] */
      }
      if (j<i) {
        lua_pop(L, 3);  /* pop pivot, a[i], a[j] */
        break;
      }
      set2(L, ta, i, j);
    }
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, u-1);
    (*ta->geti)(L, 1, i);
    set2(L, ta, u-1, i);  /* swap pivot (a[u-1]) with a[i] */
    /* a[l..i-1] <= a[i] == P <= a[i+1..u] */
    /* adjust so that smaller half is in [j..i] and larger one in [l..u] */
    if (i-l < u-i) {
      j=l; i=i-1; l=i+2;
    }
    else {
      j=i+1; i=u; u=j-2;
    }
    auxsort(L, ta, j, i);  /* call recursively the smaller one */
  }  /* repeat the routine for the larger one */
}

static int sort (lua_State *L) {
  TabA ta;
  int n = (int)aux_getn(L, 1, &ta);
  luaL_checkstack(L, 50, "");  /* assume array is smaller than 2^50 */
  if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))  /* is there a 2nd argument? */
    luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION);
  lua_settop(L, 2);  /* make sure there are two arguments */
  auxsort(L, &ta, 1, n);
  return 0;
}

/* }====================================================== */


static const luaL_Reg tab_funcs[] = {
  {"concat", tconcat},
#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MAXN)
  {"maxn", maxn},
#endif
  {"insert", tinsert},
  {"pack", pack},
  {"unpack", unpack},
  {"remove", tremove},
  {"copy", tcopy},
  {"sort", sort},
  {NULL, NULL}
};


LUAMOD_API int luaopen_table (lua_State *L) {
  luaL_newlib(L, tab_funcs);
#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_UNPACK)
  /* _G.unpack = table.unpack */
  lua_getfield(L, -1, "unpack");
  lua_setglobal(L, "unpack");
#endif
  return 1;
}