/*
** $Id: lgc.c,v 1.109 2001/06/28 14:57:17 roberto Exp $
** Garbage Collector
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/

#define LUA_PRIVATE
#include "lua.h"

#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lfunc.h"
#include "lgc.h"
#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"
#include "ltm.h"



typedef struct GCState {
  Hash *tmark;  /* list of marked tables to be visited */
  Closure *cmark;  /* list of marked closures to be visited */
} GCState;



/* mark a string; marks larger than 1 cannot be changed */
#define strmark(s)    {if ((s)->tsv.marked == 0) (s)->tsv.marked = 1;}



static void protomark (Proto *f) {
  if (!f->marked) {
    int i;
    f->marked = 1;
    strmark(f->source);
    for (i=0; i<f->sizek; i++) {
      if (ttype(f->k+i) == LUA_TSTRING)
        strmark(tsvalue(f->k+i));
    }
    for (i=0; i<f->sizep; i++)
      protomark(f->p[i]);
    for (i=0; i<f->sizelocvars; i++)  /* mark local-variable names */
      strmark(f->locvars[i].varname);
  }
  lua_assert(luaG_checkcode(f));
}


static void markclosure (GCState *st, Closure *cl) {
  if (!ismarked(cl)) {
    cl->mark = st->cmark;  /* chain it for later traversal */
    st->cmark = cl;
  }
}


static void marktable (GCState *st, Hash *h) {
  if (!ismarked(h)) {
    h->mark = st->tmark;  /* chain it for later traversal */
    st->tmark = h;
  }
}


static void markobject (GCState *st, TObject *o) {
  switch (ttype(o)) {
    case LUA_TSTRING:
      strmark(tsvalue(o));
      break;
    case LUA_TUSERDATA:
      if (!ismarkedudata(uvalue(o)))
        switchudatamark(uvalue(o));
      break;
    case LUA_TFUNCTION:
      markclosure(st, clvalue(o));
      break;
    case LUA_TTABLE: {
      marktable(st, hvalue(o));
      break;
    }
    default: {
      lua_assert(0 <= ttype(o) && ttype(o) <= LUA_TUPVAL);
      break;
    }
  }
}


static void markstacks (lua_State *L, GCState *st) {
  lua_State *L1 = L;
  do {  /* for each thread */
    StkId o, lim;
    marktable(st, L1->gt);  /* mark table of globals */
    for (o=L1->stack; o<L1->top; o++)
      markobject(st, o);
    lim = (L1->stack_last - L1->ci->base > MAXSTACK) ? L1->ci->base+MAXSTACK
                                                     : L1->stack_last;
    for (; o<=lim; o++) setnilvalue(o);
    lua_assert(L1->previous->next == L1 && L1->next->previous == L1);
    L1 = L1->next;
  } while (L1 != L);
}


static void marktagmethods (global_State *G, GCState *st) {
  int t;
  for (t=0; t<G->ntag; t++) {
    struct TM *tm = &G->TMtable[t];
    int e;
    if (tm->name) strmark(tm->name);
    for (e=0; e<TM_N; e++) {
      Closure *cl = tm->method[e];
      if (cl) markclosure(st, cl);
    }
  }
}


static void traverseclosure (GCState *st, Closure *cl) {
  if (cl->isC) {
    int i;
    for (i=0; i<cl->nupvalues; i++)  /* mark its upvalues */
      markobject(st, &cl->u.c.upvalue[i]);
  }
  else {
    int i;
    lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->u.l.p->nupvalues);
    protomark(cl->u.l.p);
    for (i=0; i<cl->nupvalues; i++) {  /* mark its upvalues */
      if (luaF_isclosed(cl, i)) {
        UpVal *u = cast(UpVal *, cl->u.l.upvals[i]);
        if (!u->marked) {
          u->marked = 1;
          markobject(st, &u->val);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


static void removekey (Node *n) {
  lua_assert(ttype(val(n)) == LUA_TNIL);
  if (ttype(key(n)) != LUA_TNIL && ttype(key(n)) != LUA_TNUMBER)
    setttype(key(n), LUA_TNONE);  /* dead key; remove it */
}


static void traversetable (GCState *st, Hash *h) {
  int i;
  int mode = h->weakmode;
  if (mode == (LUA_WEAK_KEY | LUA_WEAK_VALUE))
    return;  /* avoid traversing if both keys and values are weak */
  for (i=0; i<h->size; i++) {
    Node *n = node(h, i);
    if (ttype(val(n)) == LUA_TNIL)
      removekey(n);
    else {
      lua_assert(ttype(key(n)) != LUA_TNIL);
      if (ttype(key(n)) != LUA_TNUMBER && !(mode & LUA_WEAK_KEY))
        markobject(st, key(n));
      if (!(mode & LUA_WEAK_VALUE))
        markobject(st, val(n));
    }
  }
}


static void markall (lua_State *L) {
  GCState st;
  st.cmark = NULL;
  st.tmark = NULL;
  marktagmethods(G(L), &st);  /* mark tag methods */
  markstacks(L, &st); /* mark all stacks */
  marktable(&st, G(L)->type2tag);
  marktable(&st, G(L)->registry);
  marktable(&st, G(L)->weakregistry);
  for (;;) {  /* mark tables and closures */
    if (st.cmark) {
      Closure *cl = st.cmark;  /* get first closure from list */
      st.cmark = cl->mark;  /* remove it from list */
      traverseclosure(&st, cl);
    }
    else if (st.tmark) {
      Hash *h = st.tmark;  /* get first table from list */
      st.tmark = h->mark;  /* remove it from list */
      traversetable(&st, h);
    }
    else break;  /* nothing else to mark */
  }
}


static int hasmark (const TObject *o) {
  switch (ttype(o)) {
    case LUA_TSTRING:
      return tsvalue(o)->tsv.marked;
    case LUA_TUSERDATA:
      return ismarkedudata(uvalue(o));
    case LUA_TTABLE:
      return ismarked(hvalue(o));
    case LUA_TFUNCTION:
      return ismarked(clvalue(o));
    default:  /* number, nil */
      return 1;
  }
}


static void cleardeadnodes (Hash *h) {
  int i;
  for (i=0; i<h->size; i++) {
    Node *n = node(h, i);
    if (ttype(val(n)) == LUA_TNIL) continue;  /* empty node */
    if (!hasmark(val(n)) || !hasmark(key(n))) {
      setnilvalue(val(n));  /* remove value */
      removekey(n);
    }
  }
}


static void cleartables (global_State *G) {
  Hash *h;
  for (h = G->roottable; h; h = h->next) {
    if (h->weakmode && ismarked(h))
      cleardeadnodes(h);
  }
}


static void collectproto (lua_State *L) {
  Proto **p = &G(L)->rootproto;
  Proto *curr;
  while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
    if (curr->marked) {
      curr->marked = 0;
      p = &curr->next;
    }
    else {
      *p = curr->next;
      luaF_freeproto(L, curr);
    }
  }
}


static void collectclosure (lua_State *L, Closure **p) {
  Closure *curr;
  while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
    if (ismarked(curr)) {
      curr->mark = curr;  /* unmark */
      p = &curr->next;
    }
    else {
      *p = curr->next;
      luaF_freeclosure(L, curr);
    }
  }
}


static void collectclosures (lua_State *L) {
  lua_State *L1 = L;
  do {  /* for each thread */
    collectclosure(L1, &L1->opencl);
    L1 = L1->next;
  } while (L1 != L);
  collectclosure(L, &G(L)->rootcl);
}


static void collecttable (lua_State *L) {
  Hash **p = &G(L)->roottable;
  Hash *curr;
  while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
    if (ismarked(curr)) {
      curr->mark = curr;  /* unmark */
      p = &curr->next;
    }
    else {
      *p = curr->next;
      luaH_free(L, curr);
    }
  }
}


static void collectupval (lua_State *L) {
  UpVal **v = &G(L)->rootupval;
  UpVal *curr;
  while ((curr = *v) != NULL) {
    if (curr->marked) {
      curr->marked = 0;
      v = &curr->next;
    }
    else {
      *v = curr->next;
      luaM_freelem(L, curr);
    }
  }
}


static void collectudata (lua_State *L, int keep) {
  Udata **p = &G(L)->rootudata;
  Udata *curr;
  while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
    if (ismarkedudata(curr)) {
      switchudatamark(curr);  /* unmark */
      p = &curr->uv.next;
    }
    else {  /* collect */
      int tag = curr->uv.tag;
      *p = curr->uv.next;
      if (keep ||  /* must keep all of them (to close state)? */
          luaT_gettm(G(L), tag, TM_GC)) {  /* or is there a GC tag method? */
        curr->uv.next = G(L)->TMtable[tag].collected;  /* chain udata ... */
        G(L)->TMtable[tag].collected = curr;  /* ... to call its TM later */
      }
      else  /* no tag method; delete udata */
        luaM_free(L, curr, sizeudata(curr->uv.len));
    }
  }
}


static void collectstrings (lua_State *L, int all) {
  int i;
  for (i=0; i<G(L)->strt.size; i++) {  /* for each list */
    TString **p = &G(L)->strt.hash[i];
    TString *curr;
    while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
      if (curr->tsv.marked && !all) {  /* preserve? */
        if (curr->tsv.marked < FIXMARK)  /* does not change FIXMARKs */
          curr->tsv.marked = 0;
        p = &curr->tsv.nexthash;
      } 
      else {  /* collect */
        *p = curr->tsv.nexthash;
        G(L)->strt.nuse--;
        luaM_free(L, curr, sizestring(curr->tsv.len));
      }
    }
  }
  if (G(L)->strt.nuse < cast(ls_nstr, G(L)->strt.size/4) &&
      G(L)->strt.size > MINPOWER2)
    luaS_resize(L, G(L)->strt.size/2);  /* table is too big */
}



#define MINBUFFER	256
static void checkMbuffer (lua_State *L) {
  if (G(L)->Mbuffsize > MINBUFFER*2) {  /* is buffer too big? */
    size_t newsize = G(L)->Mbuffsize/2;  /* still larger than MINBUFFER */
    luaM_reallocvector(L, G(L)->Mbuffer, G(L)->Mbuffsize, newsize, l_char);
    G(L)->Mbuffsize = newsize;
  }
}


static void callgcTM (lua_State *L, const TObject *obj) {
  Closure *tm = luaT_gettmbyObj(G(L), obj, TM_GC);
  if (tm != NULL) {
    int oldah = L->allowhooks;
    StkId top = L->top;
    L->allowhooks = 0;  /* stop debug hooks during GC tag methods */
    setclvalue(top, tm);
    setobj(top+1, obj);
    L->top += 2;
    luaD_call(L, top);
    L->top = top;  /* restore top */
    L->allowhooks = oldah;  /* restore hooks */
  }
}


static void callgcTMudata (lua_State *L) {
  int tag;
  luaD_checkstack(L, 3);
  for (tag=G(L)->ntag-1; tag>=0; tag--) {  /* for each tag (in reverse order) */
    Udata *udata;
    while ((udata = G(L)->TMtable[tag].collected) != NULL) {
      G(L)->TMtable[tag].collected = udata->uv.next;  /* remove it from list */
      udata->uv.next = G(L)->rootudata;  /* resurect it */
      G(L)->rootudata = udata;
      setuvalue(L->top, udata);
      L->top++;  /* keep it in stack to avoid being (recursively) collected */
      callgcTM(L, L->top-1);
      uvalue(L->top-1)->uv.tag = 0;  /* default tag (udata is `finalized') */
      L->top--;
    }
  }
}


void luaC_callallgcTM (lua_State *L) {
  if (G(L)->rootudata) {  /* avoid problems with incomplete states */
    collectudata(L, 1);  /* collect all udata into tag lists */
    callgcTMudata(L);  /* call their GC tag methods */
  }
}


void luaC_collect (lua_State *L, int all) {
  collectudata(L, 0);
  collectstrings(L, all);
  collecttable(L);
  collectproto(L);
  collectupval(L);
  collectclosures(L);
}


void luaC_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) {
  markall(L);
  cleartables(G(L));
  luaC_collect(L, 0);
  checkMbuffer(L);
  G(L)->GCthreshold = 2*G(L)->nblocks;  /* new threshold */
  callgcTMudata(L);
  callgcTM(L, &luaO_nilobject);
}