-- $Id: testes/coroutine.lua $ -- See Copyright Notice in file all.lua print "testing coroutines" local debug = require'debug' local f local main, ismain = coroutine.running() assert(type(main) == "thread" and ismain) assert(not coroutine.resume(main)) assert(not coroutine.isyieldable(main) and not coroutine.isyieldable()) assert(not pcall(coroutine.yield)) -- trivial errors assert(not pcall(coroutine.resume, 0)) assert(not pcall(coroutine.status, 0)) -- tests for multiple yield/resume arguments local function eqtab (t1, t2) assert(#t1 == #t2) for i = 1, #t1 do local v = t1[i] assert(t2[i] == v) end end _G.x = nil -- declare x function foo (a, ...) local x, y = coroutine.running() assert(x == f and y == false) -- next call should not corrupt coroutine (but must fail, -- as it attempts to resume the running coroutine) assert(coroutine.resume(f) == false) assert(coroutine.status(f) == "running") local arg = {...} assert(coroutine.isyieldable(x)) for i=1,#arg do _G.x = {coroutine.yield(table.unpack(arg[i]))} end return table.unpack(a) end f = coroutine.create(foo) assert(coroutine.isyieldable(f)) assert(type(f) == "thread" and coroutine.status(f) == "suspended") assert(string.find(tostring(f), "thread")) local s,a,b,c,d s,a,b,c,d = coroutine.resume(f, {1,2,3}, {}, {1}, {'a', 'b', 'c'}) assert(coroutine.isyieldable(f)) assert(s and a == nil and coroutine.status(f) == "suspended") s,a,b,c,d = coroutine.resume(f) eqtab(_G.x, {}) assert(s and a == 1 and b == nil) assert(coroutine.isyieldable(f)) s,a,b,c,d = coroutine.resume(f, 1, 2, 3) eqtab(_G.x, {1, 2, 3}) assert(s and a == 'a' and b == 'b' and c == 'c' and d == nil) s,a,b,c,d = coroutine.resume(f, "xuxu") eqtab(_G.x, {"xuxu"}) assert(s and a == 1 and b == 2 and c == 3 and d == nil) assert(coroutine.status(f) == "dead") s, a = coroutine.resume(f, "xuxu") assert(not s and string.find(a, "dead") and coroutine.status(f) == "dead") -- yields in tail calls local function foo (i) return coroutine.yield(i) end f = coroutine.wrap(function () for i=1,10 do assert(foo(i) == _G.x) end return 'a' end) for i=1,10 do _G.x = i; assert(f(i) == i) end _G.x = 'xuxu'; assert(f('xuxu') == 'a') -- recursive function pf (n, i) coroutine.yield(n) pf(n*i, i+1) end f = coroutine.wrap(pf) local s=1 for i=1,10 do assert(f(1, 1) == s) s = s*i end -- sieve function gen (n) return coroutine.wrap(function () for i=2,n do coroutine.yield(i) end end) end function filter (p, g) return coroutine.wrap(function () while 1 do local n = g() if n == nil then return end if math.fmod(n, p) ~= 0 then coroutine.yield(n) end end end) end local x = gen(80) local a = {} while 1 do local n = x() if n == nil then break end table.insert(a, n) x = filter(n, x) end assert(#a == 22 and a[#a] == 79) x, a = nil -- coroutine closing do -- ok to close a dead coroutine local co = coroutine.create(print) assert(coroutine.resume(co, "testing 'coroutine.close'")) assert(coroutine.status(co) == "dead") assert(coroutine.close(co)) -- cannot close the running coroutine local st, msg = pcall(coroutine.close, coroutine.running()) assert(not st and string.find(msg, "running")) local main = coroutine.running() -- cannot close a "normal" coroutine ;(coroutine.wrap(function () local st, msg = pcall(coroutine.close, main) assert(not st and string.find(msg, "normal")) end))() -- to-be-closed variables in coroutines local X local function func2close (f) return setmetatable({}, {__close = f}) end co = coroutine.create(function () local x = func2close(function (self, err) assert(err == nil); X = false end) X = true coroutine.yield() end) coroutine.resume(co) assert(X) assert(coroutine.close(co)) assert(not X and coroutine.status(co) == "dead") -- error closing a coroutine co = coroutine.create(function() local x = func2close(function (self, err) assert(err == nil); error(111) end) coroutine.yield() end) coroutine.resume(co) local st, msg = coroutine.close(co) assert(not st and coroutine.status(co) == "dead" and msg == 111) end -- yielding across C boundaries co = coroutine.wrap(function() assert(not pcall(table.sort,{1,2,3}, coroutine.yield)) assert(coroutine.isyieldable()) coroutine.yield(20) return 30 end) assert(co() == 20) assert(co() == 30) local f = function (s, i) return coroutine.yield(i) end local f1 = coroutine.wrap(function () return xpcall(pcall, function (...) return ... end, function () local s = 0 for i in f, nil, 1 do pcall(function () s = s + i end) end error({s}) end) end) f1() for i = 1, 10 do assert(f1(i) == i) end local r1, r2, v = f1(nil) assert(r1 and not r2 and v[1] == (10 + 1)*10/2) function f (a, b) a = coroutine.yield(a); error{a + b} end function g(x) return x[1]*2 end co = coroutine.wrap(function () coroutine.yield(xpcall(f, g, 10, 20)) end) assert(co() == 10) r, msg = co(100) assert(not r and msg == 240) -- unyieldable C call do local function f (c) assert(not coroutine.isyieldable()) return c .. c end local co = coroutine.wrap(function (c) assert(coroutine.isyieldable()) local s = string.gsub("a", ".", f) return s end) assert(co() == "aa") end do -- testing single trace of coroutines local X local co = coroutine.create(function () coroutine.yield(10) return 20; end) local trace = {} local function dotrace (event) trace[#trace + 1] = event end debug.sethook(co, dotrace, "clr") repeat until not coroutine.resume(co) local correcttrace = {"call", "line", "call", "return", "line", "return"} assert(#trace == #correcttrace) for k, v in pairs(trace) do assert(v == correcttrace[k]) end end -- errors in coroutines function foo () assert(debug.getinfo(1).currentline == debug.getinfo(foo).linedefined + 1) assert(debug.getinfo(2).currentline == debug.getinfo(goo).linedefined) coroutine.yield(3) error(foo) end function goo() foo() end x = coroutine.wrap(goo) assert(x() == 3) local a,b = pcall(x) assert(not a and b == foo) x = coroutine.create(goo) a,b = coroutine.resume(x) assert(a and b == 3) a,b = coroutine.resume(x) assert(not a and b == foo and coroutine.status(x) == "dead") a,b = coroutine.resume(x) assert(not a and string.find(b, "dead") and coroutine.status(x) == "dead") -- co-routines x for loop function all (a, n, k) if k == 0 then coroutine.yield(a) else for i=1,n do a[k] = i all(a, n, k-1) end end end local a = 0 for t in coroutine.wrap(function () all({}, 5, 4) end) do a = a+1 end assert(a == 5^4) -- access to locals of collected corroutines local C = {}; setmetatable(C, {__mode = "kv"}) local x = coroutine.wrap (function () local a = 10 local function f () a = a+10; return a end while true do a = a+1 coroutine.yield(f) end end) C[1] = x; local f = x() assert(f() == 21 and x()() == 32 and x() == f) x = nil collectgarbage() assert(C[1] == undef) assert(f() == 43 and f() == 53) -- old bug: attempt to resume itself function co_func (current_co) assert(coroutine.running() == current_co) assert(coroutine.resume(current_co) == false) coroutine.yield(10, 20) assert(coroutine.resume(current_co) == false) coroutine.yield(23) return 10 end local co = coroutine.create(co_func) local a,b,c = coroutine.resume(co, co) assert(a == true and b == 10 and c == 20) a,b = coroutine.resume(co, co) assert(a == true and b == 23) a,b = coroutine.resume(co, co) assert(a == true and b == 10) assert(coroutine.resume(co, co) == false) assert(coroutine.resume(co, co) == false) -- other old bug when attempting to resume itself -- (trigger C-code assertions) do local A = coroutine.running() local B = coroutine.create(function() return coroutine.resume(A) end) local st, res = coroutine.resume(B) assert(st == true and res == false) local X = false A = coroutine.wrap(function() local _ = setmetatable({}, {__close = function () X = true end}) return pcall(A, 1) end) st, res = A() assert(not st and string.find(res, "non%-suspended") and X == true) end -- attempt to resume 'normal' coroutine local co1, co2 co1 = coroutine.create(function () return co2() end) co2 = coroutine.wrap(function () assert(coroutine.status(co1) == 'normal') assert(not coroutine.resume(co1)) coroutine.yield(3) end) a,b = coroutine.resume(co1) assert(a and b == 3) assert(coroutine.status(co1) == 'dead') -- infinite recursion of coroutines a = function(a) coroutine.wrap(a)(a) end assert(not pcall(a, a)) a = nil -- access to locals of erroneous coroutines local x = coroutine.create (function () local a = 10 _G.f = function () a=a+1; return a end error('x') end) assert(not coroutine.resume(x)) -- overwrite previous position of local `a' assert(not coroutine.resume(x, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)) assert(_G.f() == 11) assert(_G.f() == 12) if not T then (Message or print)('\n >>> testC not active: skipping yield/hook tests <<<\n') else print "testing yields inside hooks" local turn function fact (t, x) assert(turn == t) if x == 0 then return 1 else return x*fact(t, x-1) end end local A, B = 0, 0 local x = coroutine.create(function () T.sethook("yield 0", "", 2) A = fact("A", 6) end) local y = coroutine.create(function () T.sethook("yield 0", "", 3) B = fact("B", 7) end) while A==0 or B==0 do -- A ~= 0 when 'x' finishes (similar for 'B','y') if A==0 then turn = "A"; assert(T.resume(x)) end if B==0 then turn = "B"; assert(T.resume(y)) end end assert(B // A == 7) -- fact(7) // fact(6) local line = debug.getinfo(1, "l").currentline + 2 -- get line number local function foo () local x = 10 --<< this line is 'line' x = x + 10 _G.XX = x end -- testing yields in line hook local co = coroutine.wrap(function () T.sethook("setglobal X; yield 0", "l", 0); foo(); return 10 end) _G.XX = nil; _G.X = nil; co(); assert(_G.X == line) _G.X = nil; co(); assert(_G.X == line + 1) _G.X = nil; co(); assert(_G.X == line + 2 and _G.XX == nil) _G.X = nil; co(); assert(_G.X == line + 3 and _G.XX == 20) assert(co() == 10) -- testing yields in count hook co = coroutine.wrap(function () T.sethook("yield 0", "", 1); foo(); return 10 end) _G.XX = nil; local c = 0 repeat c = c + 1; local a = co() until a == 10 assert(_G.XX == 20 and c >= 5) co = coroutine.wrap(function () T.sethook("yield 0", "", 2); foo(); return 10 end) _G.XX = nil; local c = 0 repeat c = c + 1; local a = co() until a == 10 assert(_G.XX == 20 and c >= 5) _G.X = nil; _G.XX = nil do -- testing debug library on a coroutine suspended inside a hook -- (bug in 5.2/5.3) c = coroutine.create(function (a, ...) T.sethook("yield 0", "l") -- will yield on next two lines assert(a == 10) return ... end) assert(coroutine.resume(c, 1, 2, 3)) -- start coroutine local n,v = debug.getlocal(c, 0, 1) -- check its local assert(n == "a" and v == 1) assert(debug.setlocal(c, 0, 1, 10)) -- test 'setlocal' local t = debug.getinfo(c, 0) -- test 'getinfo' assert(t.currentline == t.linedefined + 1) assert(not debug.getinfo(c, 1)) -- no other level assert(coroutine.resume(c)) -- run next line v = {coroutine.resume(c)} -- finish coroutine assert(v[1] == true and v[2] == 2 and v[3] == 3 and v[4] == undef) assert(not coroutine.resume(c)) end do -- testing debug library on last function in a suspended coroutine -- (bug in 5.2/5.3) local c = coroutine.create(function () T.testC("yield 1", 10, 20) end) local a, b = coroutine.resume(c) assert(a and b == 20) assert(debug.getinfo(c, 0).linedefined == -1) a, b = debug.getlocal(c, 0, 2) assert(b == 10) end print "testing coroutine API" -- reusing a thread assert(T.testC([[ newthread # create thread pushvalue 2 # push body pushstring 'a a a' # push argument xmove 0 3 2 # move values to new thread resume -1, 1 # call it first time pushstatus xmove 3 0 0 # move results back to stack setglobal X # result setglobal Y # status pushvalue 2 # push body (to call it again) pushstring 'b b b' xmove 0 3 2 resume -1, 1 # call it again pushstatus xmove 3 0 0 return 1 # return result ]], function (...) return ... end) == 'b b b') assert(X == 'a a a' and Y == 'OK') -- resuming running coroutine C = coroutine.create(function () return T.testC([[ pushnum 10; pushnum 20; resume -3 2; pushstatus gettop; return 3]], C) end) local a, b, c, d = coroutine.resume(C) assert(a == true and string.find(b, "non%-suspended") and c == "ERRRUN" and d == 4) a, b, c, d = T.testC([[ rawgeti R 1 # get main thread pushnum 10; pushnum 20; resume -3 2; pushstatus gettop; return 4]]) assert(a == coroutine.running() and string.find(b, "non%-suspended") and c == "ERRRUN" and d == 4) -- using a main thread as a coroutine local state = T.newstate() T.loadlib(state) assert(T.doremote(state, [[ coroutine = require'coroutine'; X = function (x) coroutine.yield(x, 'BB'); return 'CC' end; return 'ok']])) t = table.pack(T.testC(state, [[ rawgeti R 1 # get main thread pushstring 'XX' getglobal X # get function for body pushstring AA # arg resume 1 1 # 'resume' shadows previous stack! gettop setglobal T # top setglobal B # second yielded value setglobal A # fist yielded value rawgeti R 1 # get main thread pushnum 5 # arg (noise) resume 1 1 # after coroutine ends, previous stack is back pushstatus return * ]])) assert(t.n == 4 and t[2] == 'XX' and t[3] == 'CC' and t[4] == 'OK') assert(T.doremote(state, "return T") == '2') assert(T.doremote(state, "return A") == 'AA') assert(T.doremote(state, "return B") == 'BB') T.closestate(state) print'+' end -- leaving a pending coroutine open _X = coroutine.wrap(function () local a = 10 local x = function () a = a+1 end coroutine.yield() end) _X() if not _soft then -- bug (stack overflow) local j = 2^9 local lim = 1000000 -- (C stack limit; assume 32-bit machine) local t = {lim - 10, lim - 5, lim - 1, lim, lim + 1} for i = 1, #t do local j = t[i] co = coroutine.create(function() local t = {} for i = 1, j do t[i] = i end return table.unpack(t) end) local r, msg = coroutine.resume(co) assert(not r) end co = nil end assert(coroutine.running() == main) print"+" print"testing yields inside metamethods" local function val(x) if type(x) == "table" then return x.x else return x end end local mt = { __eq = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "eq"); return val(a) == val(b) end, __lt = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "lt"); return val(a) < val(b) end, __le = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "le"); return a - b <= 0 end, __add = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "add"); return val(a) + val(b) end, __sub = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "sub"); return val(a) - val(b) end, __mul = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "mul"); return val(a) * val(b) end, __div = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "div"); return val(a) / val(b) end, __idiv = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "idiv"); return val(a) // val(b) end, __pow = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "pow"); return val(a) ^ val(b) end, __mod = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "mod"); return val(a) % val(b) end, __unm = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "unm"); return -val(a) end, __bnot = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "bnot"); return ~val(a) end, __shl = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "shl"); return val(a) << val(b) end, __shr = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "shr"); return val(a) >> val(b) end, __band = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "band") return val(a) & val(b) end, __bor = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "bor"); return val(a) | val(b) end, __bxor = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "bxor"); return val(a) ~ val(b) end, __concat = function(a,b) coroutine.yield(nil, "concat"); return val(a) .. val(b) end, __index = function (t,k) coroutine.yield(nil, "idx"); return t.k[k] end, __newindex = function (t,k,v) coroutine.yield(nil, "nidx"); t.k[k] = v end, } local function new (x) return setmetatable({x = x, k = {}}, mt) end local a = new(10) local b = new(12) local c = new"hello" local function run (f, t) local i = 1 local c = coroutine.wrap(f) while true do local res, stat = c() if res then assert(t[i] == undef); return res, t end assert(stat == t[i]) i = i + 1 end end assert(run(function () if (a>=b) then return '>=' else return '<' end end, {"le", "sub"}) == "<") assert(run(function () if (a<=b) then return '<=' else return '>' end end, {"le", "sub"}) == "<=") assert(run(function () if (a==b) then return '==' else return '~=' end end, {"eq"}) == "~=") assert(run(function () return a & b + a end, {"add", "band"}) == 2) assert(run(function () return 1 + a end, {"add"}) == 11) assert(run(function () return a - 25 end, {"sub"}) == -15) assert(run(function () return 2 * a end, {"mul"}) == 20) assert(run(function () return a ^ 2 end, {"pow"}) == 100) assert(run(function () return a / 2 end, {"div"}) == 5) assert(run(function () return a % 6 end, {"mod"}) == 4) assert(run(function () return a // 3 end, {"idiv"}) == 3) assert(run(function () return a + b end, {"add"}) == 22) assert(run(function () return a - b end, {"sub"}) == -2) assert(run(function () return a * b end, {"mul"}) == 120) assert(run(function () return a ^ b end, {"pow"}) == 10^12) assert(run(function () return a / b end, {"div"}) == 10/12) assert(run(function () return a % b end, {"mod"}) == 10) assert(run(function () return a // b end, {"idiv"}) == 0) assert(run(function () return a % b end, {"mod"}) == 10) assert(run(function () return ~a & b end, {"bnot", "band"}) == ~10 & 12) assert(run(function () return a | b end, {"bor"}) == 10 | 12) assert(run(function () return a ~ b end, {"bxor"}) == 10 ~ 12) assert(run(function () return a << b end, {"shl"}) == 10 << 12) assert(run(function () return a >> b end, {"shr"}) == 10 >> 12) assert(run(function () return 10 & b end, {"band"}) == 10 & 12) assert(run(function () return a | 2 end, {"bor"}) == 10 | 2) assert(run(function () return a ~ 2 end, {"bxor"}) == 10 ~ 2) assert(run(function () return a..b end, {"concat"}) == "1012") assert(run(function() return a .. b .. c .. a end, {"concat", "concat", "concat"}) == "1012hello10") assert(run(function() return "a" .. "b" .. a .. "c" .. c .. b .. "x" end, {"concat", "concat", "concat"}) == "ab10chello12x") do -- a few more tests for comparsion operators local mt1 = { __le = function (a,b) coroutine.yield(10) return (val(a) <= val(b)) end, __lt = function (a,b) coroutine.yield(10) return val(a) < val(b) end, } local mt2 = { __lt = mt1.__lt, __le = mt1.__le } local function run (f) local co = coroutine.wrap(f) local res repeat res = co() until res ~= 10 return res end local function test () local a1 = setmetatable({x=1}, mt1) local a2 = setmetatable({x=2}, mt2) assert(a1 < a2) assert(a1 <= a2) assert(1 < a2) assert(1 <= a2) assert(2 > a1) assert(2 >= a2) return true end run(test) end assert(run(function () a.BB = print return a.BB end, {"nidx", "idx"}) == print) -- getuptable & setuptable do local _ENV = _ENV f = function () AAA = BBB + 1; return AAA end end g = new(10); g.k.BBB = 10; debug.setupvalue(f, 1, g) assert(run(f, {"idx", "nidx", "idx"}) == 11) assert(g.k.AAA == 11) print"+" print"testing yields inside 'for' iterators" local f = function (s, i) if i%2 == 0 then coroutine.yield(nil, "for") end if i < s then return i + 1 end end assert(run(function () local s = 0 for i in f, 4, 0 do s = s + i end return s end, {"for", "for", "for"}) == 10) -- tests for coroutine API if T==nil then (Message or print)('\n >>> testC not active: skipping coroutine API tests <<<\n') return end print('testing coroutine API') local function apico (...) local x = {...} return coroutine.wrap(function () return T.testC(table.unpack(x)) end) end local a = {apico( [[ pushstring errorcode pcallk 1 0 2; invalid command (should not arrive here) ]], [[return *]], "stackmark", error )()} assert(#a == 4 and a[3] == "stackmark" and a[4] == "errorcode" and _G.status == "ERRRUN" and _G.ctx == 2) -- 'ctx' to pcallk local co = apico( "pushvalue 2; pushnum 10; pcallk 1 2 3; invalid command;", coroutine.yield, "getglobal status; getglobal ctx; pushvalue 2; pushstring a; pcallk 1 0 4; invalid command", "getglobal status; getglobal ctx; return *") assert(co() == 10) assert(co(20, 30) == 'a') a = {co()} assert(#a == 10 and a[2] == coroutine.yield and a[5] == 20 and a[6] == 30 and a[7] == "YIELD" and a[8] == 3 and a[9] == "YIELD" and a[10] == 4) assert(not pcall(co)) -- coroutine is dead now f = T.makeCfunc("pushnum 3; pushnum 5; yield 1;") co = coroutine.wrap(function () assert(f() == 23); assert(f() == 23); return 10 end) assert(co(23,16) == 5) assert(co(23,16) == 5) assert(co(23,16) == 10) -- testing coroutines with C bodies f = T.makeCfunc([[ pushnum 102 yieldk 1 U2 cannot be here! ]], [[ # continuation pushvalue U3 # accessing upvalues inside a continuation pushvalue U4 return * ]], 23, "huu") x = coroutine.wrap(f) assert(x() == 102) eqtab({x()}, {23, "huu"}) f = T.makeCfunc[[pushstring 'a'; pushnum 102; yield 2; ]] a, b, c, d = T.testC([[newthread; pushvalue 2; xmove 0 3 1; resume 3 0; pushstatus; xmove 3 0 0; resume 3 0; pushstatus; return 4; ]], f) assert(a == 'YIELD' and b == 'a' and c == 102 and d == 'OK') -- testing chain of suspendable C calls local count = 3 -- number of levels f = T.makeCfunc([[ remove 1; # remove argument pushvalue U3; # get selection function call 0 1; # call it (result is 'f' or 'yield') pushstring hello # single argument for selected function pushupvalueindex 2; # index of continuation program callk 1 -1 .; # call selected function errorerror # should never arrive here ]], [[ # continuation program pushnum 34 # return value return * # return all results ]], function () -- selection function count = count - 1 if count == 0 then return coroutine.yield else return f end end ) co = coroutine.wrap(function () return f(nil) end) assert(co() == "hello") -- argument to 'yield' a = {co()} -- three '34's (one from each pending C call) assert(#a == 3 and a[1] == a[2] and a[2] == a[3] and a[3] == 34) -- testing yields with continuations co = coroutine.wrap(function (...) return T.testC([[ # initial function yieldk 1 2 cannot be here! ]], [[ # 1st continuation yieldk 0 3 cannot be here! ]], [[ # 2nd continuation yieldk 0 4 cannot be here! ]], [[ # 3th continuation pushvalue 6 # function which is last arg. to 'testC' here pushnum 10; pushnum 20; pcall 2 0 0 # call should throw an error and return to next line pop 1 # remove error message pushvalue 6 getglobal status; getglobal ctx pcallk 2 2 5 # call should throw an error and jump to continuation cannot be here! ]], [[ # 4th (and last) continuation return * ]], -- function called by 3th continuation function (a,b) x=a; y=b; error("errmsg") end, ... ) end) local a = {co(3,4,6)} assert(a[1] == 6 and a[2] == undef) a = {co()}; assert(a[1] == undef and _G.status == "YIELD" and _G.ctx == 2) a = {co()}; assert(a[1] == undef and _G.status == "YIELD" and _G.ctx == 3) a = {co(7,8)}; -- original arguments assert(type(a[1]) == 'string' and type(a[2]) == 'string' and type(a[3]) == 'string' and type(a[4]) == 'string' and type(a[5]) == 'string' and type(a[6]) == 'function') -- arguments left from fist resume assert(a[7] == 3 and a[8] == 4) -- arguments to last resume assert(a[9] == 7 and a[10] == 8) -- error message and nothing more assert(a[11]:find("errmsg") and #a == 11) -- check arguments to pcallk assert(x == "YIELD" and y == 4) assert(not pcall(co)) -- coroutine should be dead -- bug in nCcalls local co = coroutine.wrap(function () local a = {pcall(pcall,pcall,pcall,pcall,pcall,pcall,pcall,error,"hi")} return pcall(assert, table.unpack(a)) end) local a = {co()} assert(a[10] == "hi") print'OK'