lua/lbuiltin.c

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/*
** $Id: lbuiltin.c,v 1.104 2000/04/13 18:08:18 roberto Exp roberto $
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** Built-in functions
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
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/*
** =========================================================================
** All built-in functions are public (i.e. not static) and are named luaB_f,
** where f is the function name in Lua. So, if you do not need all these
** functions, you may register manually only the ones that you need.
** =========================================================================
*/
#include <ctype.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
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#define LUA_REENTRANT
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#include "lapi.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lbuiltin.h"
#include "ldo.h"
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#include "lfunc.h"
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#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
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#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"
#include "ltm.h"
#include "lua.h"
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#include "lundump.h"
#include "lvm.h"
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/*
** function defined in ltests.c, to open some internal-test functions
*/
void luaB_opentests (lua_State *L);
/*
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** {======================================================
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** Auxiliary functions
** =======================================================
*/
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static void pushtagstring (lua_State *L, TString *s) {
ttype(L->top) = TAG_STRING;
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tsvalue(L->top) = s;
incr_top;
}
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static Number getsize (const Hash *h) {
Number max = 0;
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int i = h->size;
Node *n = h->node;
while (i--) {
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if (ttype(key(n)) == TAG_NUMBER &&
ttype(val(n)) != TAG_NIL &&
nvalue(key(n)) > max)
max = nvalue(key(n));
n++;
}
return max;
}
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static Number getnarg (lua_State *L, const Hash *a) {
TObject index;
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const TObject *value;
/* value = table.n */
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ttype(&index) = TAG_STRING;
tsvalue(&index) = luaS_new(L, "n");
value = luaH_get(L, a, &index);
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return (ttype(value) == TAG_NUMBER) ? nvalue(value) : getsize(a);
}
static Hash *gettable (lua_State *L, int arg) {
return avalue(luaL_tablearg(L, arg));
}
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/* }====================================================== */
/*
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** {======================================================
** Functions that use only the official API
** =======================================================
*/
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/*
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** If your system does not support `stderr', redefine this function, or
** redefine _ERRORMESSAGE so that it won't need _ALERT.
*/
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void luaB__ALERT (lua_State *L) {
fputs(luaL_check_string(L, 1), stderr);
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}
/*
** Standard implementation of _ERRORMESSAGE.
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** The library `liolib' redefines _ERRORMESSAGE for better error information.
*/
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void luaB__ERRORMESSAGE (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object al = lua_rawgetglobal(L, "_ALERT");
if (lua_isfunction(L, al)) { /* avoid error loop if _ALERT is not defined */
const char *s = luaL_check_string(L, 1);
char *buff = luaL_openspace(L, strlen(s)+sizeof("error: \n"));
strcpy(buff, "error: "); strcat(buff, s); strcat(buff, "\n");
lua_pushstring(L, buff);
lua_callfunction(L, al);
}
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}
/*
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** If your system does not support `stdout', you can just remove this function.
** If you need, you can define your own `print' function, following this
** model but changing `fputs' to put the strings at a proper place
** (a console window or a log file, for instance).
*/
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void luaB_print (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object args[MAXPRINT];
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lua_Object obj;
int n = 0;
int i;
while ((obj = lua_getparam(L, n+1)) != LUA_NOOBJECT) {
luaL_arg_check(L, n < MAXPRINT, n+1, "too many arguments");
args[n++] = obj;
}
for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
lua_pushobject(L, args[i]);
if (lua_call(L, "tostring"))
lua_error(L, "error in `tostring' called by `print'");
obj = lua_getresult(L, 1);
if (!lua_isstring(L, obj))
lua_error(L, "`tostring' must return a string to `print'");
if (i>0) fputs("\t", stdout);
fputs(lua_getstring(L, obj), stdout);
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}
fputs("\n", stdout);
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}
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void luaB_tonumber (lua_State *L) {
int base = luaL_opt_int(L, 2, 10);
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if (base == 10) { /* standard conversion */
lua_Object o = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1);
if (lua_isnumber(L, o)) {
lua_pushnumber(L, lua_getnumber(L, o));
return;
}
}
else {
const char *s1 = luaL_check_string(L, 1);
char *s2;
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Number n;
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luaL_arg_check(L, 2 <= base && base <= 36, 2, "base out of range");
n = strtoul(s1, &s2, base);
if (s1 != s2) { /* at least one valid digit? */
while (isspace((unsigned char)*s2)) s2++; /* skip trailing spaces */
if (*s2 == '\0') { /* no invalid trailing characters? */
lua_pushnumber(L, n);
return;
}
}
}
lua_pushnil(L); /* else not a number */
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}
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void luaB_error (lua_State *L) {
lua_error(L, luaL_opt_string(L, 1, NULL));
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}
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void luaB_setglobal (lua_State *L) {
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const char *name = luaL_check_string(L, 1);
lua_Object value = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 2);
lua_pushobject(L, value);
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lua_setglobal(L, name);
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}
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void luaB_rawsetglobal (lua_State *L) {
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const char *name = luaL_check_string(L, 1);
lua_Object value = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 2);
lua_pushobject(L, value);
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lua_rawsetglobal(L, name);
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}
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void luaB_getglobal (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushobject(L, lua_getglobal(L, luaL_check_string(L, 1)));
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}
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void luaB_rawgetglobal (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushobject(L, lua_rawgetglobal(L, luaL_check_string(L, 1)));
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}
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void luaB_tag (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, lua_tag(L, luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1)));
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}
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void luaB_settag (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object o = luaL_tablearg(L, 1);
lua_pushobject(L, o);
lua_settag(L, luaL_check_int(L, 2));
lua_pushobject(L, o); /* return first argument */
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}
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void luaB_newtag (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, lua_newtag(L));
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}
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void luaB_copytagmethods (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, lua_copytagmethods(L, luaL_check_int(L, 1),
luaL_check_int(L, 2)));
}
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void luaB_rawgettable (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushobject(L, luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1));
lua_pushobject(L, luaL_nonnullarg(L, 2));
lua_pushobject(L, lua_rawgettable(L));
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}
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void luaB_rawsettable (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushobject(L, luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1));
lua_pushobject(L, luaL_nonnullarg(L, 2));
lua_pushobject(L, luaL_nonnullarg(L, 3));
lua_rawsettable(L);
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}
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void luaB_settagmethod (lua_State *L) {
int tag = luaL_check_int(L, 1);
const char *event = luaL_check_string(L, 2);
lua_Object nf = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 3);
luaL_arg_check(L, lua_isnil(L, nf) || lua_isfunction(L, nf), 3,
"function or nil expected");
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if (strcmp(event, "gc") == 0 && tag != TAG_NIL)
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lua_error(L, "deprecated use: cannot set the `gc' tag method from Lua");
lua_pushobject(L, nf);
lua_pushobject(L, lua_settagmethod(L, tag, event));
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}
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void luaB_gettagmethod (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushobject(L, lua_gettagmethod(L, luaL_check_int(L, 1),
luaL_check_string(L, 2)));
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}
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void luaB_seterrormethod (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object nf = luaL_functionarg(L, 1);
lua_pushobject(L, nf);
lua_pushobject(L, lua_seterrormethod(L));
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}
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void luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, lua_collectgarbage(L, luaL_opt_int(L, 1, 0)));
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}
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void luaB_type (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object o = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1);
lua_pushstring(L, lua_type(L, o));
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}
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/* }====================================================== */
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/*
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** {======================================================
** Functions that could use only the official API but
** do not, for efficiency.
** =======================================================
*/
static void passresults (lua_State *L) {
L->Cstack.base = L->Cstack.lua2C; /* position of first result */
if (L->Cstack.num == 0)
lua_pushuserdata(L, NULL); /* at least one result to signal no errors */
}
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void luaB_dostring (lua_State *L) {
long l;
const char *s = luaL_check_lstr(L, 1, &l);
if (*s == ID_CHUNK)
lua_error(L, "`dostring' cannot run pre-compiled code");
if (lua_dobuffer(L, s, l, luaL_opt_string(L, 2, s)) == 0)
passresults(L);
else
lua_pushnil(L);
}
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void luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) {
const char *fname = luaL_opt_string(L, 1, NULL);
if (lua_dofile(L, fname) == 0)
passresults(L);
else
lua_pushnil(L);
}
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void luaB_call (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object f = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1);
const Hash *arg = gettable(L, 2);
const char *options = luaL_opt_string(L, 3, "");
lua_Object err = lua_getparam(L, 4);
int narg = (int)getnarg(L, arg);
int i, status;
if (err != LUA_NOOBJECT) { /* set new error method */
lua_pushobject(L, err);
err = lua_seterrormethod(L);
}
/* push arg[1...n] */
luaD_checkstack(L, narg);
for (i=0; i<narg; i++)
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*(L->top++) = *luaH_getint(L, arg, i+1);
status = lua_callfunction(L, f);
if (err != LUA_NOOBJECT) { /* restore old error method */
lua_pushobject(L, err);
lua_seterrormethod(L);
}
if (status != 0) { /* error in call? */
if (strchr(options, 'x')) {
lua_pushnil(L);
return; /* return nil to signal the error */
}
else
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lua_error(L, NULL); /* propagate error without additional messages */
}
else { /* no errors */
if (strchr(options, 'p')) { /* pack results? */
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luaV_pack(L, L->Cstack.lua2C, L->Cstack.num, L->top);
incr_top;
}
else
L->Cstack.base = L->Cstack.lua2C; /* position of first result */
}
}
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void luaB_nextvar (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object o = lua_getparam(L, 1);
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TString *name;
if (o == LUA_NOOBJECT || ttype(o) == TAG_NIL)
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name = NULL;
else {
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luaL_arg_check(L, ttype(o) == TAG_STRING, 1, "variable name expected");
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name = tsvalue(o);
}
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if (!luaA_nextvar(L, name))
lua_pushnil(L);
}
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void luaB_next (lua_State *L) {
const Hash *a = gettable(L, 1);
lua_Object k = lua_getparam(L, 2);
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int i; /* `luaA_next' gets first element after `i' */
if (k == LUA_NOOBJECT || ttype(k) == TAG_NIL)
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i = 0; /* get first */
else {
i = luaH_pos(L, a, k)+1;
luaL_arg_check(L, i != 0, 2, "key not found");
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}
if (luaA_next(L, a, i) == 0)
lua_pushnil(L);
}
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void luaB_tostring (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object o = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1);
char buff[64];
switch (ttype(o)) {
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case TAG_NUMBER:
lua_pushstring(L, lua_getstring(L, o));
return;
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case TAG_STRING:
lua_pushobject(L, o);
return;
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case TAG_TABLE:
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sprintf(buff, "table: %p", o->value.a);
break;
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case TAG_LCLOSURE: case TAG_CCLOSURE:
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sprintf(buff, "function: %p", o->value.cl);
break;
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case TAG_USERDATA:
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sprintf(buff, "userdata: %p(%d)", o->value.ts->u.d.value,
o->value.ts->u.d.tag);
break;
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case TAG_NIL:
lua_pushstring(L, "nil");
return;
default:
LUA_INTERNALERROR(L, "invalid type");
}
lua_pushstring(L, buff);
}
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/* }====================================================== */
/*
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** {======================================================
** "Extra" functions
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** These functions can be written in Lua, so you can
** delete them if you need a tiny Lua implementation.
** If you delete them, remove their entries in array
** "builtin_funcs".
** =======================================================
*/
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void luaB_assert (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object p = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 1);
if (lua_isnil(L, p))
luaL_verror(L, "assertion failed! %.90s", luaL_opt_string(L, 2, ""));
}
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void luaB_foreachi (lua_State *L) {
const Hash *t = gettable(L, 1);
int n = (int)getnarg(L, t);
int i;
lua_Object f = luaL_functionarg(L, 2);
luaD_checkstack(L, 3); /* for f, key, and val */
for (i=1; i<=n; i++) {
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*(L->top++) = *f;
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ttype(L->top) = TAG_NUMBER; nvalue(L->top++) = i;
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*(L->top++) = *luaH_getint(L, t, i);
luaD_call(L, L->top-3, 1);
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if (ttype(L->top-1) != TAG_NIL)
return;
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L->top--; /* remove nil result */
}
}
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void luaB_foreach (lua_State *L) {
const Hash *a = gettable(L, 1);
lua_Object f = luaL_functionarg(L, 2);
int i;
luaD_checkstack(L, 3); /* for f, key, and val */
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for (i=0; i<a->size; i++) {
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const Node *nd = &(a->node[i]);
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if (ttype(val(nd)) != TAG_NIL) {
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*(L->top++) = *f;
*(L->top++) = *key(nd);
*(L->top++) = *val(nd);
luaD_call(L, L->top-3, 1);
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if (ttype(L->top-1) != TAG_NIL)
return;
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L->top--; /* remove result */
}
}
}
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void luaB_foreachvar (lua_State *L) {
lua_Object f = luaL_functionarg(L, 1);
GlobalVar *gv;
luaD_checkstack(L, 4); /* for extra var name, f, var name, and globalval */
for (gv = L->rootglobal; gv; gv = gv->next) {
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if (gv->value.ttype != TAG_NIL) {
pushtagstring(L, gv->name); /* keep (extra) name on stack to avoid GC */
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*(L->top++) = *f;
pushtagstring(L, gv->name);
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*(L->top++) = gv->value;
luaD_call(L, L->top-3, 1);
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if (ttype(L->top-1) != TAG_NIL) {
*(L->top-2) = *(L->top-1); /* remove extra name */
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L->top--;
return;
}
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L->top-=2; /* remove result and extra name */
}
}
}
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void luaB_getn (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, getnarg(L, gettable(L, 1)));
}
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void luaB_tinsert (lua_State *L) {
Hash *a = gettable(L, 1);
lua_Object v = lua_getparam(L, 3);
int n = (int)getnarg(L, a);
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int pos;
if (v != LUA_NOOBJECT)
pos = luaL_check_int(L, 2);
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else { /* called with only 2 arguments */
v = luaL_nonnullarg(L, 2);
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pos = n+1;
}
luaV_setn(L, a, n+1); /* a.n = n+1 */
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for (; n>=pos; n--)
luaH_move(L, a, n, n+1); /* a[n+1] = a[n] */
luaH_setint(L, a, pos, v); /* a[pos] = v */
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}
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void luaB_tremove (lua_State *L) {
Hash *a = gettable(L, 1);
int n = (int)getnarg(L, a);
int pos = luaL_opt_int(L, 2, n);
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if (n <= 0) return; /* table is "empty" */
luaA_pushobject(L, luaH_getint(L, a, pos)); /* result = a[pos] */
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for ( ;pos<n; pos++)
luaH_move(L, a, pos+1, pos); /* a[pos] = a[pos+1] */
luaV_setn(L, a, n-1); /* a.n = n-1 */
luaH_setint(L, a, n, &luaO_nilobject); /* a[n] = nil */
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}
/*
** {======================================================
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** Quicksort
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** (based on `Algorithms in MODULA-3', Robert Sedgewick; Addison-Wesley, 1993.)
*/
static void swap (lua_State *L, Hash *a, int i, int j) {
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TObject temp;
temp = *luaH_getint(L, a, i);
luaH_move(L, a, j, i);
luaH_setint(L, a, j, &temp);
}
static int sort_comp (lua_State *L, lua_Object f, const TObject *a,
const TObject *b) {
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/* WARNING: the caller (auxsort) must ensure stack space */
if (f != LUA_NOOBJECT) {
*(L->top) = *f;
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*(L->top+1) = *a;
*(L->top+2) = *b;
L->top += 3;
luaD_call(L, L->top-3, 1);
L->top--;
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return (ttype(L->top) != TAG_NIL);
}
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else /* a < b? */
return luaV_lessthan(L, a, b, L->top);
}
static void auxsort (lua_State *L, Hash *a, int l, int u, lua_Object f) {
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StkId P = L->top++; /* temporary place for pivot */
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ttype(P) = TAG_NIL;
while (l < u) { /* for tail recursion */
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int i, j;
/* sort elements a[l], a[(l+u)/2] and a[u] */
if (sort_comp(L, f, luaH_getint(L, a, u), luaH_getint(L, a, l)))
swap(L, a, l, u); /* a[u]<a[l] */
if (u-l == 1) break; /* only 2 elements */
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i = (l+u)/2;
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*P = *luaH_getint(L, a, i); /* P = a[i] */
if (sort_comp(L, f, P, luaH_getint(L, a, l))) /* a[i]<a[l]? */
swap(L, a, l, i);
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else if (sort_comp(L, f, luaH_getint(L, a, u), P)) /* a[u]<a[i]? */
swap(L, a, i, u);
if (u-l == 2) break; /* only 3 elements */
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*P = *luaH_getint(L, a, i); /* save pivot on stack (GC) */
swap(L, a, i, u-1); /* put median element as pivot (a[u-1]) */
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/* a[l] <= P == a[u-1] <= a[u], only needs to sort from l+1 to u-2 */
i = l; j = u-1;
for (;;) { /* invariant: a[l..i] <= P <= a[j..u] */
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/* repeat i++ until a[i] >= P */
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while (sort_comp(L, f, luaH_getint(L, a, ++i), P))
if (i>u) lua_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
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/* repeat j-- until a[j] <= P */
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while (sort_comp(L, f, P, luaH_getint(L, a, --j)))
if (j<l) lua_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
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if (j<i) break;
swap(L, a, i, j);
}
swap(L, a, u-1, i); /* swap pivot (a[u-1]) with a[i] */
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/* a[l..i-1] <= a[i] == P <= a[i+1..u] */
/* adjust so that smaller "half" is in [j..i] and larger one in [l..u] */
if (i-l < u-i) {
j=l; i=i-1; l=i+2;
}
else {
j=i+1; i=u; u=j-2;
}
auxsort(L, a, j, i, f); /* call recursively the smaller one */
} /* repeat the routine for the larger one */
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L->top--; /* remove pivot from stack */
}
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void luaB_sort (lua_State *L) {
Hash *a = gettable(L, 1);
int n = (int)getnarg(L, a);
lua_Object func = lua_getparam(L, 2);
luaL_arg_check(L, func == LUA_NOOBJECT || lua_isfunction(L, func), 2,
"function expected");
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luaD_checkstack(L, 4); /* for pivot, f, a, b (sort_comp) */
auxsort(L, a, 1, n, func);
}
/* }====================================================== */
/* }====================================================== */
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static const struct luaL_reg builtin_funcs[] = {
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{"_ALERT", luaB__ALERT},
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{"_ERRORMESSAGE", luaB__ERRORMESSAGE},
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{"call", luaB_call},
{"collectgarbage", luaB_collectgarbage},
{"copytagmethods", luaB_copytagmethods},
{"dofile", luaB_dofile},
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{"dostring", luaB_dostring},
{"error", luaB_error},
{"getglobal", luaB_getglobal},
{"gettagmethod", luaB_gettagmethod},
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{"newtag", luaB_newtag},
{"next", luaB_next},
{"nextvar", luaB_nextvar},
{"print", luaB_print},
{"rawgetglobal", luaB_rawgetglobal},
{"rawgettable", luaB_rawgettable},
{"rawsetglobal", luaB_rawsetglobal},
{"rawsettable", luaB_rawsettable},
{"seterrormethod", luaB_seterrormethod},
{"setglobal", luaB_setglobal},
{"settag", luaB_settag},
{"settagmethod", luaB_settagmethod},
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{"tag", luaB_tag},
{"tonumber", luaB_tonumber},
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{"tostring", luaB_tostring},
{"type", luaB_type},
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/* "Extra" functions */
{"assert", luaB_assert},
{"foreach", luaB_foreach},
{"foreachi", luaB_foreachi},
{"foreachvar", luaB_foreachvar},
{"getn", luaB_getn},
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{"sort", luaB_sort},
{"tinsert", luaB_tinsert},
{"tremove", luaB_tremove}
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};
void luaB_predefine (lua_State *L) {
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/* pre-register mem error messages, to avoid loop when error arises */
luaS_newfixed(L, tableEM);
luaS_newfixed(L, memEM);
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luaL_openl(L, builtin_funcs);
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#ifdef DEBUG
luaB_opentests(L); /* internal test functions */
#endif
lua_pushstring(L, LUA_VERSION);
lua_setglobal(L, "_VERSION");
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}