476 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
476 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
README.Unix.txt - Building FLTK on Unix/Linux Systems
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Contents
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==========
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1 Introduction
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2 Prerequisites
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2.1 Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and more ...
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2.2 Fedora
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2.3 NetBSD
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2.4 OpenSuSE [*]
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2.5 SunOS / Solaris
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2.6 SGI [*]
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2.7 HP-UX
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2.8 AIX
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3 How to Build FLTK Using GCC
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3.1 Downloading and Unpacking
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3.2 Configuration and Build Systems
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3.3 Configuring FLTK with autoconf and configure
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3.4 Building FLTK
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3.5 Testing FLTK
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3.6 Installing FLTK
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3.7 Creating new Projects
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4 Creating a new Project in Code::Blocks
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[*] TODO: we still need to write these chapters
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1 Introduction
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=================
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FLTK currently supports the following development environments on most Unix
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and Linux platforms:
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- CMake + the build system of your choice (see README.CMake.txt)
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- gcc command line tools
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- Code::Blocks
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- ...
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The Symbol font and the Zapf Dingbats font do not work on X11. This is correct
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behavior for UTF-8 platforms.
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IMPORTANT:
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Please be aware that the following instructions may be outdated because we
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can't follow the development of current and future Unix/Linux distributions.
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If you find bugs or want to suggest enhancements please let us know.
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See https://www.fltk.org/bugs.php for how to do this.
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2 Prerequisites
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==================
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2.1 Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and more ...
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-----------------------------------------------
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All Linux distributions based on Debian are similar and use the `apt`
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package manager.
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- Ubuntu Linux can be downloaded from https://ubuntu.com/
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- Debian Linux can be downloaded from https://www.debian.org/
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- Linux Mint can be downloaded from https://www.linuxmint.com/
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If you have not done so yet, download and install the distribution of your choice.
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Open a shell and install some development software:
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sudo apt-get install g++
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sudo apt-get install gdb
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sudo apt-get install git
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sudo apt-get install autoconf
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sudo apt-get install libx11-dev
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sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev
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sudo apt-get install libxft-dev
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sudo apt-get install libxcursor-dev
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These packages are optional but recommended:
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sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev
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sudo apt-get install freeglut3-dev
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sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev
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sudo apt-get install libfontconfig1-dev
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sudo apt-get install libglew-dev
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sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev
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sudo apt-get install libpng-dev
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sudo apt-get install libpango1.0-dev
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sudo apt-get install libxinerama-dev
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If you want to build FLTK for Wayland (the supposed successor of X) you need
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some more packages. Please refer to README.Wayland.txt for more information.
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If you are planning to use the Code::Blocks IDE, also install this
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sudo apt-get install codeblocks
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To install the latest FLTK development (master branch, currently 1.4.x):
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git clone https://github.com/fltk/fltk.git
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cd fltk
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...
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To update to the latest version, just `cd` into the fltk directory and type
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git pull
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2.2 Fedora
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-------------
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Fedora Linux can be downloaded from https://getfedora.org/
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If you have not done so yet, download and install Fedora.
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Open a terminal window and install some software. In Fedora, the default user
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has no permission to call "sudo", so we will change user a few times:
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su root
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yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
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yum groupinstall "X Software Development"
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yum groupinstall "C Development Tools and Libraries"
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If you are planning to use the Code::Blocks IDE, also install this
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yum install codeblocks.i686 (for 64 bit machines)
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Don't forget to leave root status (Ctrl-D) before loading FLTK. To install FLTK
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for every user, you either have to set root user again, or use "visudo" to add
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yourself to the "sudo" list.
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To install the latest FLTK development (master branch, currently 1.4.x):
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git clone https://github.com/fltk/fltk.git
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cd fltk
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...
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To update to the latest version, just `cd` into the fltk directory and type
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git pull
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2.3 NetBSD
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--------------
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NetBSD can be downloaded from https://www.netbsd.org/
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If you have not done so yet, download and install NetBSD. Ensure that the
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optional distribution sets "comp" (Compiler, header files, development tools)
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and x*** (X Window System) are installed.
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Now install and configure pkgsrc. The current version can be downloaded here:
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http://www.pkgsrc.org/
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To use the current stable version of FLTK, simply install it from pkgsrc:
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cd /usr/pkgsrc/x11/fltk13
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bmake install
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For the latest development snapshot, first install the git client from pkgsrc:
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cd /usr/pkgsrc/devel/git
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bmake install
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Now fetch the latest FLTK source code:
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git clone https://github.com/fltk/fltk.git
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To update to the latest version, just `cd` into the fltk directory and type
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git pull
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If you have installed JPEG and PNG libraries from pkgsrc, configure your
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environment as follows so that the FLTK configure script can find them:
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export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/pkg/include"
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export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/pkg/lib"
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To install GNU autoconf from pkgsrc:
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cd /usr/pkgsrc/devel/autoconf
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bmake install
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2.4 OpenSuSE
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---------------
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We still need to write this chapter.
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OpenSUSE can be downloaded from https://www.opensuse.org/
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2.5 SunOS / Solaris
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----------------------
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SunOS is a commercial operating system from Sun Microsystems (in 2009 the
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company was sold to Oracle). SunOS is also called Solaris since version 5.
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There was an open source derivative called OpenSolaris (based on Solaris 10)
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that was cancelled by Oracle. The successor in spirit is called OpenIndiana
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and can be downloaded from:
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https://www.openindiana.org/
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For FLTK you need at least SunOS 5.7 (aka Solaris 7). This version supports
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64 bit machines and POSIX threads. For machines with 64 bit SPARC processors
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it is highly recommended to use Sun compilers, the 64 bit code generated by
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older versions of GCC for such machines is unusable (expect something between
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horribly broken and immediate crash).
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Consider using pkgsrc with this operating system. See the NetBSD section if
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you want to do so.
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If you have GCC and Sun compilers installed, configure your environment like
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this to use the Sun compilers and pkgsrc graphics libraries:
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export CC="cc"
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export CXX="CC"
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export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/pkg/include"
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export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/pkg/lib -R/usr/pkg/lib"
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To build a 64 bit FLTK library, add the following flags:
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export CFLAGS="-xarch=v9"
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export CXXFLAGS="-xarch=v9"
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2.6 SGI
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----------
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We still need to write this chapter.
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2.7 HP-UX
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------------
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HP-UX is a commercial operating system from HP, no free or open source
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derivatives are available.
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For FLTK you need at least HP-UX 11.11 and the latest patch bundles should be
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installed.
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Consider using pkgsrc with this operating system. See the NetBSD section if
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you want to do so.
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2.8 AIX
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----------
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AIX is a commercial operating system from IBM, no free or open source
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derivatives are available.
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For FLTK you need at least AIX 5L, I have tested version 5.1 patched to ML9.
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Consider using pkgsrc with this operating system. See the NetBSD section if
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you want to do so.
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3 How to Build FLTK Using GCC
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================================
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3.1 Downloading and Unpacking
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--------------------------------
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The FLTK source code and documentation can be downloaded from:
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https://www.fltk.org/software.php
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If you are familiar with "git" and like to stay current with your version,
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you will find the git access parameters at the bottom of that page.
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Unpack FLTK into a convenient location. I like to have everything in my
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dev directory. Change the following instructions to fit your preferences.
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cd
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mkdir dev
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cd dev
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mv ~/Downloads/fltk-1.3.xxxx.tar.gz .
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tar xvfz fltk-1.3.xxxx.tar.gz
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cd fltk-1.3.xxxx
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Note: current development version is 1.4.0 (1.4.x).
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3.2 Configuration and Build Systems
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--------------------------------------
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The following paragraphs describe the "classic" build system with autoconf,
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configure, and make that has been used to build FLTK up to version 1.3.x
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and can still be used with FLTK 1.4.x.
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However, the FLTK team recommend using CMake which is the preferred build
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system since FLTK 1.4.0 used for all platforms (including Windows). CMake
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is used instead of autoconf and configure to create the build system of your
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choice, for instance Makefiles, Ninja build files, Visual Studio projects, etc.
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Please see README.CMake.txt for how to build FLTK and your application
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programs using CMake. You can stop reading here if you do this.
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You can, of course, build FLTK with CMake and your own application(s) with
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your existing and well-known build system.
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If you like the "classic" build system more, continue reading the following
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chapters ...
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3.3 Configuring FLTK with autoconf and configure
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---------------------------------------------------
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If you got FLTK via git then you need one extra step. Otherwise skip
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over this part. Stay in your FLTK source-code directory and type:
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autoconf
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or
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make configure
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Both commands create the configure script for you.
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Now configure your FLTK installation:
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./configure
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Hint: Instead of executing `autoconf` and `configure` followed by `make`
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to build FLTK (see next section) you can also run `make` directly which
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will create and execute the 'configure' script with default parameters
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and build FLTK with the default configuration.
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ADVANCED: type "./configure --help" to get a complete list of optional
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configuration parameters. These should be pretty self-explanatory. Some
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more details can be found in README.txt.
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:END_ADVANCED
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The configuration script will check your machine for the required resources
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which you should have installed as described in the "Prerequisites" chapter.
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Review the "Configuration Summary", maybe take some notes.
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3.4 Building FLTK
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--------------------
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Now this is easy. Stay in your FLTK source-code directory and type:
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make
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The entire FLTK toolkit including many test programs will be built for you. No
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warnings should appear. If some do, please let the FLTK developer team know via
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the mailing list "fltk.general" or view the bug reporting guidelines at
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https://www.fltk.org/bugs.php
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3.5 Testing FLTK
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-------------------
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After a successful build, you can test FLTK's capabilities:
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test/demo
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3.6 Installing FLTK
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----------------------
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If you did not change any of the configuration settings, FLTK will be installed
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in "/usr/local/include" and "/usr/local/lib" by typing
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sudo make install
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If you are using the KDE, GNOME or XFCE desktop environments and want to call
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"fluid" from the desktop menu, you will need to install additional files and
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icons under "/usr/share" by typing:
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sudo make install-desktop
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It is possible to install FLTK without superuser privileges by changing the
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installation path to a location within the user account by adding the
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"--prefix=PREFIX" parameters to the "./configure" command.
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Note: installing FLTK is optional. You can build your own software by using
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the FLTK build tree directly. This is recommended if you link your application
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statically (which is recommended as well). This is particularly important if you
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consider using different FLTK versions on a development system to avoid mixing
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FLTK versions when building (a well-known problem) or running FLTK applications
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with installed shared libraries of a different FLTK version. OTOH, if you build
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shared FLTK libraries you may want to install FLTK, particularly on a production
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system.
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3.7 Creating new Projects
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----------------------------
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FLTK provides a neat script named "fltk-config" that can provide all the flags
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needed to build FLTK applications using the same flags that were used to build
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the library itself. Running "fltk-config" without arguments will print a list
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of options. The easiest call to compile an FLTK application from a single
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source file is:
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fltk-config --compile myProgram.cxx
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`fltk-config --compile` can not be used to build a program from multiple source
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files but you can use it in a Makefile to get the required compiler and linker
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flags.
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"fltk-config" and "fluid" will be installed in "/usr/local/bin/" by default. I
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recommend that you add it to the command search path.
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4 Creating a new Project in Code::Blocks
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===========================================
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Code::Blocks is a free and popular C++ IDE in the Linux world. It also runs on
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macOS and Windows. Configured correctly, it can also cross-compile between
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these platforms. This chapter focuses on creating a new FLTK project for Linux,
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assuming that FLTK 1.3 was previously built and installed in its default
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location from the command line.
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If not done yet, install Code::Blocks as described in the "Prerequisites"
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chapter above, or download it from their web site. This description is based
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on version 10.05:
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https://www.codeblocks.org/
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Start Code::Blocks. Select File > New > Project. In the "New from template"
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dialog box, click on "FLTK project" and follow the instructions.
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The default project supports basic FLTK. If you would like to add support for
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images, OpenGL, GLUT, or Forms, add the corresponding flags --use-images,
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--use-gl, --use-glut, and --use-forms respectively.
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The flags are located in the "Project Build Options" dialog. To change the
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compiler flags, select your project in the tree view, then select the
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"Compiler Settings" tab, then "Other Options" and add the flags to
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`fltk-config --cxxflags` in front of the second "`".
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The linker flags are located in the "Linker Settings" tab under "Other Linker
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Options". Add the flags to `fltk-config --ldstaticflags` in front of the
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second "`".
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Code::Blocks can be set up to use fluid to manage modules.
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The following info is from an FLTK user posted on fltk.general 06/17/2013:
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"""
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I have these settings in codeblocks on linux:
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Settings ->
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Compiler and debugging settings ->
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Other settings ->
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Advanced options:
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-- Add an extension (in my case "fl")
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-- On command line macro:
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cd $file_dir; fluid -c $file
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-- Generated files (to be further compiled):
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$file_dir/$file_name.cxx
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$file_dir/$file_name.h
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Settings -> Environment -> Files extension handling :
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Wildcard : *.fl
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To open file: Launch an external program
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External program: fluid
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With that I can double click on any fluid file I include on a project
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and it opens with fluid. When I press "run" or "build" codeblocks
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calls fluid to generate the c++ files and compiles if needed.
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"""
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