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<div class="headertitle"><div class="title">min_printf.h File Reference</div></div>
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<p>Implementation of a <a href="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/variable-length-argument-c" target="_blank">function</a> similar to <code>printf</code>
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<a href="#details">More...</a></p>
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<div class="textblock"><code>#include <stdlib.h></code><br />
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<code>#include <unistd.h></code><br />
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<code>#include <stdarg.h></code><br />
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Data Structures</h2></td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">struct  </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a></td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">struct used to store character in certain times <a href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html#details">More...</a><br /></td></tr>
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Macros</h2></td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25" id="r_ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">#define </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25">INT_MAX_LENGTH</a>   10</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">for <code>malloc</code> and <code>free</code> functions <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a58fcb3ed5c71e20574254aaa3a0c0716" id="r_a58fcb3ed5c71e20574254aaa3a0c0716"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a id="a58fcb3ed5c71e20574254aaa3a0c0716" name="a58fcb3ed5c71e20574254aaa3a0c0716"></a>
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#define </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><b>PRECISION_FOR_FLOAT</b>   8</td></tr>
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Typedefs</h2></td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52" id="r_abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a id="abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52" name="abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52"></a>
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typedef struct <a class="el" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a> </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><b>Buffer</b></td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">struct used to store character in certain times <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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</table><table class="memberdecls">
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<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a id="func-members" name="func-members"></a>
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Functions</h2></td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b" id="r_a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">int </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b">power_of_ten</a> (int a)</td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21" id="r_ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">int </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21">is_number</a> (char *c)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Checks if a character is a number. <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1" id="r_a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">char </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1">get_ch</a> (char *p, <a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52">Buffer</a> *<a class="el" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Returns specific required next character. <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055" id="r_aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055">unget_ch</a> (char *c, <a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52">Buffer</a> *<a class="el" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Stores character to the <code>buffer->buffr_char</code> <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f" id="r_aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">int </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f">get_number_of_digits</a> (int n)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Calculates the number of digits in a number. <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b" id="r_ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a> (char s)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Prints one character on screen. <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e" id="r_a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e">reverse_str</a> (char *p)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Reverses a string using <a href="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/program-reverse-array-using-pointers/?ref=rp" target="_blank">two pointer algorithm</a> <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824" id="r_a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">print_int_value</a> (int n, int width, int precision)</td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5" id="r_a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5">print_double_value</a> (double dval, int width, int precision)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">The algorithm here is also the same as the <code>print_int_value</code> function. <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6" id="r_af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6">print_string</a> (char *p, int width, int precision)</td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03" id="r_aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">char * </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03">get_width_and_precision</a> (char *p, <a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52">Buffer</a> *<a class="el" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>, int *width, int *precision)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Takes width and precision specified from the format of the string. <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9" id="r_a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9">min_printf</a> (char *fmt,...)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memdesc:a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">min_printf is the function same as printf <br /></td></tr>
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<tr class="separator:a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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</table>
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<a name="details" id="details"></a><h2 class="groupheader">Detailed Description</h2>
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<div class="textblock"><p>Implementation of a <a href="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/variable-length-argument-c" target="_blank">function</a> similar to <code>printf</code> </p>
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<p><code>printf</code> statement rewritten (as <code>min_printf</code>) in C without using the <code>stdio.h</code> library Syntax of <code>min_printf</code> is same as <code>printf</code> Currently min_printf handles: Integers, Doubles, floats, characters and strings The format specifiers and escape sequence is the same as for <code>printf</code> User can also specify the width and precision if required, just like in the case of <code>printf</code> How to use it:</p><ul>
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<li>First include <a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html" title="Implementation of a function similar to printf">min_printf.h</a> in your code</li>
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<li>Then type <code><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9" title="min_printf is the function same as printf">min_printf()</a></code>, and pass required parameters to it</li>
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<li>As already specified, it's syntax is same as printf <dl class="section author"><dt>Author</dt><dd><a href="https://github.com/Jaskarn7" target="_blank">Jaskarn Singh</a> </dd></dl>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div><h2 class="groupheader">Macro Definition Documentation</h2>
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<a id="ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25" name="ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25">◆ </a></span>INT_MAX_LENGTH</h2>
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<div class="memitem">
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<td class="memname">#define INT_MAX_LENGTH   10</td>
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</div><div class="memdoc">
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<p>for <code>malloc</code> and <code>free</code> functions </p>
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<p>for <code>write</code> function for <code>va_start</code> and <code>va_arg</code> functions </p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2 class="groupheader">Function Documentation</h2>
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<a id="a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1" name="a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1">◆ </a></span>get_ch()</h2>
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<td class="memname">char get_ch </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">char * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>p</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52">Buffer</a> * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>buffer</em> </td>
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<td></td>
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<td>)</td>
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<td></td><td></td>
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</div><div class="memdoc">
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<p>Returns specific required next character. </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">p</td><td>pointer to a format string of <code><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9" title="min_printf is the function same as printf">min_printf()</a></code> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">buffer</td><td>struct for checking if buffr_char character is present or not </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>character inside <code>buffer->buffr_char</code>, if <code>buffer->buf_size</code> is one </dd>
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<dd>
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character at which p is pointing, if <code>buffer->buf_size</code> is zero </dd></dl>
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<p>< Since character is used, this sets <code>buffer->buf_size</code> to zero</p>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 75</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 76</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (<a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>->buf_size) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 77</span> <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>->buf_size = 0; <span class="comment">///< Since character is used, this sets `buffer->buf_size` to zero</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 78</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>->buffr_char; <span class="comment">// Returns character inside buffer->buffr_char</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 79</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 80</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> *p++;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 81</span>}</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="astructbuffer_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a></div><div class="ttdoc">struct used to store character in certain times</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:35</div></div>
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</div><!-- fragment -->
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</div>
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</div>
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<a id="aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f" name="aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f">◆ </a></span>get_number_of_digits()</h2>
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<td class="memname">int get_number_of_digits </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>n</em></td><td>)</td>
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<p>Calculates the number of digits in a number. </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">n</td><td>number whose digits are to be counted </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>number of digits in n </dd></dl>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 101</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 102</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> digits = 0; <span class="comment">// Stores encountered number of digits</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 103</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (n > 0) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 104</span> ++digits; <span class="comment">// Since number still contains a digit, so increment digit variable</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 105</span> n /= 10; <span class="comment">// Removes last digit from number</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 106</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 107</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> digits;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 108</span>}</div>
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</div><!-- fragment -->
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</div>
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<a id="aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03" name="aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03">◆ </a></span>get_width_and_precision()</h2>
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<td class="memname">char * get_width_and_precision </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">char * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>p</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52">Buffer</a> * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>buffer</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramtype">int * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>width</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td class="paramtype">int * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>precision</em> </td>
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<td></td>
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<td>)</td>
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<p>Takes width and precision specified from the format of the string. </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">p</td><td>pointer of the format string </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">width</td><td>variable in which width will be stored </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">precision</td><td>variable in which precision will be stored </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>character pointer to the current pointer of string p (used to update value of p) </dd></dl>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 276</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 277</span> <span class="comment">/* Skip % if p is pointing to it.*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 278</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (*p == <span class="charliteral">'%'</span>)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 279</span> ++p;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 280</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 281</span> <span class="comment">/* Calculates the width specified. */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 282</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (*p != <span class="charliteral">'.'</span> && <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21">is_number</a>(p)) </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 283</span> *width = *width * 10 + (*p++ - <span class="charliteral">'0'</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 284</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 285</span> <span class="comment">/* Calculates the precision specified.*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 286</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (*p == <span class="charliteral">'.'</span> <span class="comment">/* Since a precision is always specified after a '.'. */</span>) { </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 287</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (<a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21">is_number</a>(++p))</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 288</span> *precision = *precision * 10 + (*p - <span class="charliteral">'0'</span>); </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 289</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055">unget_ch</a>(p, <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>); <span class="comment">// The non number will be stored in `buffer->buffr`</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 290</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 291</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> p;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 292</span>}</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055">unget_ch</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void unget_ch(char *c, Buffer *buffer)</div><div class="ttdoc">Stores character to the buffer->buffr_char</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:88</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21">is_number</a></div><div class="ttdeci">int is_number(char *c)</div><div class="ttdoc">Checks if a character is a number.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:62</div></div>
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</div><!-- fragment --><div class="dynheader">
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Here is the call graph for this function:</div>
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<div class="dyncontent">
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<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h_aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03_cgraph.svg" width="304" height="86"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
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<a id="ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21" name="ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ad4908ab912d8dc481225e33ca3285c21">◆ </a></span>is_number()</h2>
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<td class="memname">int is_number </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">char * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>c</em></td><td>)</td>
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<td></td>
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<p>Checks if a character is a number. </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">c</td><td>character to be checked if it's a number or not </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd><code>true</code>(1) if the character is a number </dd>
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<dd>
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<code>false</code>(0) if the character is NOT a number </dd></dl>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 63</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 64</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> (*c >= <span class="charliteral">'0'</span> && *c <= <span class="charliteral">'9'</span>) ? 1 : 0;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 65</span>}</div>
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</div><!-- fragment -->
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</div>
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</div>
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<a id="a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9" name="a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a33e08c05f8c656a0fee465c2e8d2ecf9">◆ </a></span>min_printf()</h2>
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<div class="memitem">
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<td class="memname">void min_printf </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">char * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>fmt</em>, </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td class="paramtype"> </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>...</em> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td></td>
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<td>)</td>
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<td></td><td></td>
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</table>
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</div><div class="memdoc">
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<p>min_printf is the function same as printf </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">fmt</td><td>format of string </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">...</td><td>arguments passed according to the format </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 300</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 301</span> va_list ap; <span class="comment">// Points to each unnamed arg in turn</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 302</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *p, *sval; <span class="comment">// p will be used to point to fmt and sval will store string value</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 303</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> cval; <span class="comment">// Stores character value</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 304</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> ival; <span class="comment">// For integer values</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 305</span> <span class="keywordtype">double</span> dval; <span class="comment">// For double or float values</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 306</span> va_start(ap, fmt); <span class="comment">// Makes ap points to first unnames argument</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 307</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 308</span> <span class="comment">/* Initializing the buffer for storing character. */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 309</span> <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">Buffer</a> *<a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a> = (<a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">Buffer</a> *) <a class="code hl_define" href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a725f50ecaf1959d96de79b36b4788fee">malloc</a>(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">Buffer</a>));</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 310</span> <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>->buf_size = 0; <span class="comment">// Initially set buffer size to zero as no character is inserted</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 311</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 312</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (p = fmt; *p != <span class="charliteral">'\0'</span>; ++p) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 313</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 314</span> <span class="comment">/* If p != '%' then the character is printed to screen. */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 315</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (*p != <span class="charliteral">'%'</span>) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 316</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(*p);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 317</span> <span class="keywordflow">continue</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 318</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 319</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 320</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> width = 0; <span class="comment">// Stores width specified</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 321</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> precision = 0; <span class="comment">// Stores precision specified</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 322</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 323</span> <span class="comment">/* Updates values of width, precision and p. */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 324</span> p = <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03">get_width_and_precision</a>(p, <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>, &width, &precision); </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 325</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 326</span> <span class="comment">/* Checks format of next argument.*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 327</span> <span class="keywordflow">switch</span> (<a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1">get_ch</a>(p, <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>)) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 328</span> <span class="keywordflow">case</span> <span class="charliteral">'d'</span>: <span class="comment">// Integer</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 329</span> ival = va_arg(ap, <span class="keywordtype">int</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 330</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">print_int_value</a>(ival, width, precision);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 331</span> <span class="keywordflow">break</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 332</span> <span class="keywordflow">case</span> <span class="charliteral">'c'</span>: <span class="comment">// Character</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 333</span> cval = va_arg(ap, <span class="keywordtype">int</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 334</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(cval);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 335</span> <span class="keywordflow">break</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 336</span> <span class="keywordflow">case</span> <span class="charliteral">'f'</span>: <span class="comment">// Float or Double</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 337</span> dval = va_arg(ap, <span class="keywordtype">double</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 338</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 339</span> <span class="comment">// If precision is not specified then default value is applied</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 340</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (precision == 0)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 341</span> precision = PRECISION_FOR_FLOAT;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 342</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5">print_double_value</a>(dval, width, precision);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 343</span> <span class="keywordflow">break</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 344</span> <span class="keywordflow">case</span> <span class="charliteral">'s'</span>: <span class="comment">// String pointer</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 345</span> sval = va_arg(ap, <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 346</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6">print_string</a>(sval, width, precision);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 347</span> <span class="keywordflow">break</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 348</span> <span class="keywordflow">default</span>:</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 349</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(*p);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 350</span> <span class="keywordflow">break</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 351</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 352</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 353</span> va_end(ap);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 354</span>}</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amalloc__dbg_8h_html_a725f50ecaf1959d96de79b36b4788fee"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a725f50ecaf1959d96de79b36b4788fee">malloc</a></div><div class="ttdeci">#define malloc(bytes)</div><div class="ttdoc">This macro replace the standard malloc function with malloc_dbg.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> malloc_dbg.h:18</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">print_int_value</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void print_int_value(int n, int width, int precision)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:158</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a409d428c337bf5476567a228274f49f1">get_ch</a></div><div class="ttdeci">char get_ch(char *p, Buffer *buffer)</div><div class="ttdoc">Returns specific required next character.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:74</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5">print_double_value</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void print_double_value(double dval, int width, int precision)</div><div class="ttdoc">The algorithm here is also the same as the print_int_value function.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:210</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aa61e2407aab2c75e9837c77cab937d03">get_width_and_precision</a></div><div class="ttdeci">char * get_width_and_precision(char *p, Buffer *buffer, int *width, int *precision)</div><div class="ttdoc">Takes width and precision specified from the format of the string.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:275</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void put_char(char s)</div><div class="ttdoc">Prints one character on screen.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:114</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6">print_string</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void print_string(char *p, int width, int precision)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:238</div></div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b">◆ </a></span>power_of_ten()</h2>
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<td class="memname">int power_of_ten </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>a</em></td><td>)</td>
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<p>This function return ten to the power a(The parameter specified to it) like: if the parameter specified is 4 i.e. -> power_of_ten(4) is called then this function will return ten to the power four (10000); </p><dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">a</td><td>The power of ten which is to be returned </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>Ten to the power a </dd></dl>
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<p>< This number will be returned as ten to power of a</p>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 49</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 50</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> n = 1; <span class="comment">///< This number will be returned as ten to power of a</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 51</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 1; i <= a; ++i)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 52</span> n *= 10 ;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 53</span> <span class="keywordflow">return</span> n;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 54</span>}</div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a4d63203d920bebd6a96f5f4aeccb21e5">◆ </a></span>print_double_value()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void print_double_value </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">double </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>dval</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>width</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>precision</em> </td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td></td>
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<td>)</td>
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<td></td><td></td>
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</div><div class="memdoc">
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<p>The algorithm here is also the same as the <code>print_int_value</code> function. </p>
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<p>First, the digits before decimal is printed by converting the double to int. Then after printed a <code>.</code>, the double number is subtracted with the integer value of the number, leaving us with 0 before the decimal. Then, we multiply the number with 10 raised to the power precision ( precision means how many digits to be printed after the decimal.) By default, the precision is 8 if it is not specified. Then, the remaining number is printed on the screen. </p><dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">dval</td><td>double number to be printed </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">width</td><td>similar to width parameter of <a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">print_int_value()</a> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">precision</td><td>tells the number of digits to be printed after the decimal (By default it is 8) </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 211</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 212</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> ndigits = <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f">get_number_of_digits</a>((<span class="keywordtype">int</span>) dval); <span class="comment">// Store number of digits before decimal in dval</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 213</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> reqd_blanks = width - (precision + 1) - ndigits; <span class="comment">// Blanks to be printed before printing dval, just to cover the width</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 214</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 215</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">print_int_value</a>((<span class="keywordtype">int</span>) dval, reqd_blanks, 0); <span class="comment">// Prints the part before decimal</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 216</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 217</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(<span class="charliteral">'.'</span>); <span class="comment">// Print decimal</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 218</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 219</span> <span class="comment">/*Deletes digits before decimal and makes them zero. For example:</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 220</span><span class="comment"> if dval = 1923.79022, them this will make dval = 0.79022</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 221</span><span class="comment"> */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 222</span> dval = dval - (int) dval;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 223</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 224</span> dval *= <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b">power_of_ten</a>(precision); <span class="comment">// Brings precision number of digits after decimal to before decimal</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 225</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 226</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">print_int_value</a>((<span class="keywordtype">int</span>) dval, 0, precision); <span class="comment">// Prints the remaining number</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 227</span>}</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a8421f89b76edcf21292c5100bfca586b">power_of_ten</a></div><div class="ttdeci">int power_of_ten(int a)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:48</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#aefb40d94d5d9fa2a28bc64755dde096f">get_number_of_digits</a></div><div class="ttdeci">int get_number_of_digits(int n)</div><div class="ttdoc">Calculates the number of digits in a number.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:100</div></div>
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<a id="a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824" name="a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a0a848efdf2ee124bba62e056eb9ab824">◆ </a></span>print_int_value()</h2>
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<div class="memitem">
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<td class="memname">void print_int_value </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>n</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>width</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramkey"></td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>precision</em> </td>
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<td></td>
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</div><div class="memdoc">
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<p>The algorithm here is to first convert the number into string and then reverse it be passing it to reverse_str function and then printing on the screen </p><dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">n</td><td>Number to be printed </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">width</td><td>Total characters to be printed (Prints ' ' if (size < width) </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">precision</td><td>Total character of number to be printed (prints 0 before number if size of number < precision) </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>< Used to store number of digits in number</p>
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<p>The next two conditions check weather it is required to add blanks before printing the number (ie: width)and is it specified how many zeros to be printed before the number is printed (ie: precision)</p>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 159</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 160</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *p = (<span class="keywordtype">char</span> *) <a class="code hl_define" href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a725f50ecaf1959d96de79b36b4788fee">malloc</a>(<a class="code hl_define" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25">INT_MAX_LENGTH</a> * <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="keywordtype">char</span>) + 1); <span class="comment">/* +1 for '\0' */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 161</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *s = p; <span class="comment">// Temporary pointer</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 162</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> size = 0; <span class="comment">//!< Used to store number of digits in number</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 163</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 164</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (n > 0) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 165</span> *s++ = n % 10 + <span class="charliteral">'0'</span>; <span class="comment">// Converts last digit of number to character and store it in p</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 166</span> ++size; <span class="comment">// Increment size variable as one more digit is occurred</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 167</span> n /= 10; <span class="comment">// Removes the last digit from the number n as we have successfully stored it in p</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 168</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 169</span> *s = <span class="charliteral">'\0'</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 170</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 171</span> s = p; <span class="comment">// Again point back s to starting of p</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 172</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 173</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e">reverse_str</a>(p);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 174</span><span class="comment"></span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 175</span><span class="comment"> /*!</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 176</span><span class="comment"> * The next two conditions check weather it is required to </span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 177</span><span class="comment"> * add blanks before printing the number (ie: width)and is it specified how many</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 178</span><span class="comment"> * zeros to be printed before the number is printed (ie: precision)</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 179</span><span class="comment"> */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 180</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (width > 0 && size < width)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 181</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i < (width - precision); ++i) </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 182</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(<span class="charliteral">' '</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 183</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 184</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (precision > 0 && precision > size)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 185</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i < (precision - size); ++i)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 186</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(<span class="charliteral">'0'</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 187</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 188</span> <span class="comment">/* Prints the number.*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 189</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (*s != <span class="charliteral">'\0'</span>)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 190</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(*s++);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 191</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 192</span> <a class="code hl_define" href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a9cc854374299a1dd933bf62029761768">free</a>(p);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 193</span>}</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amalloc__dbg_8h_html_a9cc854374299a1dd933bf62029761768"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a9cc854374299a1dd933bf62029761768">free</a></div><div class="ttdeci">#define free(ptr)</div><div class="ttdoc">This macro replace the standard free function with free_dbg.</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> malloc_dbg.h:26</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e">reverse_str</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void reverse_str(char *p)</div><div class="ttdoc">Reverses a string using two pointer algorithm</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:128</div></div>
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<div class="ttc" id="amin__printf_8h_html_ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ab47a4bec9213d96e1dba5171e5db0e25">INT_MAX_LENGTH</a></div><div class="ttdeci">#define INT_MAX_LENGTH</div><div class="ttdoc">for malloc and free functions</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition</b> min_printf.h:29</div></div>
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<a id="af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6" name="af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6">◆ </a></span>print_string()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void print_string </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">char * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>p</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramtype">int </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>width</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>precision</em> </td>
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<td>)</td>
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<p>First size of the string is calculated to check whether width and precision are to be taken into account or not. Then, the string is printed in accordingly. </p><dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">p</td><td>pointer to string to be printed </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">width</td><td>if (width > sizeof string) then, blanks will be printed before sting to cover up the width </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">precision</td><td>total characters of the string to be printed (prints the whole string if 0 or greater than size of string) </td></tr>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 239</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 240</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> size = 0; <span class="comment">// Stores number of character in string</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 241</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *s = p; <span class="comment">// Temporary pointer</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 242</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 243</span> <span class="comment">/* Calculates size of string p*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 244</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (*s != <span class="charliteral">'\0'</span>) { </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 245</span> ++size;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 246</span> ++s;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 247</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 248</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 249</span> s = p; <span class="comment">// Point s to starting of p</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 250</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 251</span> <span class="comment">/* Checks how many characters to be printed.</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 252</span><span class="comment"> if precision is defined then size variable is changed to precision so that only precision</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 253</span><span class="comment"> number of characters were printed.</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 254</span><span class="comment"> */</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 255</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (precision != 0 && precision < size)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 256</span> size = precision;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 257</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 258</span> <span class="comment">/* Prints blanks to cover the width if required*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 259</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i < (width - size); ++i)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 260</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(<span class="charliteral">' '</span>);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 261</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 262</span> <span class="comment">/* Print the string.*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 263</span> <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i < size; ++i)</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 264</span> <a class="code hl_function" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">put_char</a>(*s++);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 265</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 266</span>}</div>
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<div class="center"><iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h_af569209570eca8bc6770fb7d9dc873e6_cgraph.svg" width="216" height="36"><p><b>This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead.</b></p></iframe></div>
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<a id="ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b" name="ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b"></a>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ad2f9a02e1d69f58e2fb1248f49d09f4b">◆ </a></span>put_char()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void put_char </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>s</em></td><td>)</td>
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<p>Prints one character on screen. </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">s</td><td>character to be printed on the screen </td></tr>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 115</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 116</span> <span class="comment">/* buf used for storing character to be printed in an array (+1 for '\0')*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 117</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *buf = (<span class="keywordtype">char</span> *) <a class="code hl_define" href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a725f50ecaf1959d96de79b36b4788fee">malloc</a>(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="keywordtype">char</span>) + 1); </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 118</span> *buf = s;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 119</span> *(buf + 1) = <span class="charliteral">'\0'</span>;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 120</span> write(1, buf, 1);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 121</span> <a class="code hl_define" href="../../d2/ddd/malloc__dbg_8h.html#a9cc854374299a1dd933bf62029761768">free</a>(buf);</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 122</span>}</div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a8d68ec60643cacdb402176549565754e">◆ </a></span>reverse_str()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void reverse_str </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramtype">char * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>p</em></td><td>)</td>
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<p>Reverses a string using <a href="https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/program-reverse-array-using-pointers/?ref=rp" target="_blank">two pointer algorithm</a> </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">p</td><td>pointer to the string which is to be reversed </td></tr>
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</table>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 129</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 130</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *l = p; <span class="comment">// Points to first character of p</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 131</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *h = p; <span class="comment">// Will be used to point to last character of p</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 132</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> temp; <span class="comment">// Temporarily stores a character, Used in swapping</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 133</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 134</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (*h != <span class="charliteral">'\0'</span>) </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 135</span> ++h;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 136</span> --h; <span class="comment">// Now h point to last valid character of string </span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 137</span> </div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 138</span> <span class="comment">/* Swap character which lower and higher are pointing until lower < higher. At that point string will be reversed.*/</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 139</span> <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (l < h) {</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 140</span> temp = *l;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 141</span> *l = *h;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 142</span> *h = temp;</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 143</span> ++l; <span class="comment">// Increment lower to next character</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 144</span> --h; <span class="comment">// Decrement higher to previous character from current character</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 145</span> }</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 146</span>}</div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#aa8a17b7d234a2fb2174da02074a14055">◆ </a></span>unget_ch()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void unget_ch </td>
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<td>(</td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>c</em>, </td>
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<td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="../../d9/deb/min__printf_8h.html#abf0876f583782407c9e15c60158eec52">Buffer</a> * </td>
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<td class="paramname"><em>buffer</em> </td>
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<p>Stores character to the <code>buffer->buffr_char</code> </p>
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<dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
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<table class="params">
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<tr><td class="paramname">c</td><td>character to be stored in the <code>buffer->buffr_char</code> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class="paramname">buffer</td><td>struct where character will be stored </td></tr>
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<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 89</span>{</div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 90</span> <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>->buffr_char = *c; <span class="comment">// Character initializes inside buffer->buffr_char</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 91</span> <a class="code hl_struct" href="../../dd/da2/structbuffer.html">buffer</a>->buf_size = 1; <span class="comment">// Sets bufsize to one as new character is stored in buffr_char</span></div>
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<div class="line"><span class="lineno"> 92</span>}</div>
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