diff --git a/leetcode/src/65.c b/leetcode/src/65.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d3bbda42 --- /dev/null +++ b/leetcode/src/65.c @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +/* + * Returns a boolean value of true if the input string is a valid number. + * Heavily optimized solution that utilizes branch prediction builtin's provided by + * GCC and clang. + * Uses a 4-bit bitset to track state of the program. + * + * Copyright (C) Mustafa Aamir + * */ + + +/* Defining branch prediction and inline macros */ +#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__) +#define likely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1) +#define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0) +#define _force_inline __attribute__((always_inline)) static inline +#else +#define likely(x) x +#define unlikely(x) x +#define _force_inline static inline +#endif + +/* stdbool compatibility */ +#ifndef __STDBOOL_H +#define bool int +#define true 1 +#define false 0 +#endif + + +/* Bitset to track the state of the program + * Going from MSB to LSB, a high value for each bit represents the following values: + * 1. decimal: '.' used + * 2. sign '+' or '-' seen + * 3. exponential 'E' or 'e' seen + * 4. Integer value {0..9} seen + */ +typedef struct { + unsigned flag : 4; +} state_t; + +_force_inline bool isDigit(const char c) { + return (unsigned char)(c - '0') < 10; +} + +_force_inline bool isNumber(const char *s) { + // initializing state bitset + state_t state = {0}; + + // performing checks on the first char of the input + if (unlikely(*s == '\0')) { + return false; + } else if (likely(isDigit(*s))) { + state.flag |= 0x1; + } else if (likely(*s == '+' || *s == '-')) { + state.flag |= 0x4; + } else if (*s == '.') { + state.flag |= 0x8; + } else { + return false; + } + + // iterating over subsequent characters of the input string + while (likely(*++s != '\0')) { + if (likely(isDigit(*s))) { + state.flag |= 1; + continue; + } + switch (*s) { + case 'E': case 'e': + if (state.flag & 2 || !(state.flag & 1)) return false; + state.flag = 2; break; + case '+': case '-': + if (state.flag & 13) return false; // check for exp? + state.flag |= 4; break; + case '.': + if (unlikely(state.flag & 10)) return false; + state.flag |= 8; break; + default: + return false; + } + } + return state.flag & 1; +}