TheAlgorithms-C/games/tic_tac_toe.c

/**
 * @file tic-tac-toe.c
 * @author [vivekboss99](github.com/vivekboss99)
 * @author [Krishna Vedala](https://github.com/kvedala)
 * @brief [Tic-Tac-Toe game](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tic-tac-toe)
 * implementation in C
 * @details  Tic-Tac-Toe Game,where the user can decide to play with the
 * computer(single player mode) or with other user(double player mode) , the
 * code as an array named 'game_table' which is the table and user needs to enter the
 * position inside the array(from 1-9) where he/she wants to place 'X' or 'O' on the
 * table.
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>

// Functions Declarations
static void singlemode();
static void doublemode();
static void placex(int);  // used for placing position of X by the 1st player
static void place();      // used by the computer to place O
static void placey(int);  // used in Double Player mode by the 2nd player to
                          // place the position of O
int checkwin();  // checks everytime when a player or computer places 'X' or 'O'

/** Tic-Tac-Toe table, so basically we are using variable 'game_table' as the table(size:3X3) and
 * updating it regularly
 */
static char game_table[9];

/**
 * Main program function.
 * @returns 0 on clean exit. 
 * @note No checks are included for program execution failures!
 */
int main()
{   
    srand( (unsigned int)time(NULL));
    int l = 0;
    do
    {
        int n = 0;

        // filling the table with multiple asterisks
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) game_table[i] = '*';

        // displaying the main menu
        printf("***************************************\n");
        printf("*************TIC TAC TOE***************\n");
        printf("***************************************\n");
        printf("***********1. YOU vs COMPUTER ***********\n");
        printf("***********2. YOU vs PLAYER ***********\n");
        printf("***********3.EXIT *********************\n");
        printf("Enter your choice : ");
        scanf("%d", &n);

        switch (n)  // switch case to select between single player mode or
                    // double player mode
        {
        case 1:
            singlemode();
            break;
        case 2:
            doublemode();
            break;
        default:
            printf("THANK YOU and EXIT!");
        }

        printf("Next game ? : ");
        printf("Enter 1 – YES and 0 - NO ");
        scanf("%d", &l);

    } while (l == 1);

    return 0;
}

/**
 * @brief Implementation of game vs computer
 *
 * @returns None
 */
void singlemode()
{
    int m;
    int k = 0;
    int table_fill_count=0;

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            printf("%c ", game_table[k]);
            k++;
        }

        printf("\n");
    }

    for (int x = 1; x < 10; x++)
    {
        k = 0;

        printf("Where would you like to place 'x' ");
        scanf("%d", &m);

        placex(m);
        if(table_fill_count<4)
        {
          place();
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
            {
                printf("%c ", game_table[k]);
                k++;

            }

            printf("\n");
        }
        table_fill_count++;
        int o = checkwin();

        if (o == -1 || o == -2)
        {
            if (o == -1)
            {
                printf("YOU WIN\n");
            }
            if (o == -2)
            {
                printf("YOU LOSE\n");
            }

            break;
        }

        if (table_fill_count==4)
        {
            printf("\nDRAW ");
            break;
        }
    }
}

/**
 * @brief Implementation of game vs another player.
 *
 * @returns None
 */
void doublemode()
{
    int m;
    int e1;
    int k = 0;
    int doublemode_table_count=0;

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            printf("%c ", game_table[k]);
            k++;
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
    for (int x = 1; x < 10; x++)
    {
        k = 0;

        printf("PLAYER1 - where would you like to place 'x' : ");
        scanf("%d", &m);

        placex(m);
        if(doublemode_table_count<4)
        {
        printf("PLAYER2 - where would you like to place 'o' : ");
        scanf("%d", &e1);

        placey(e1);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
            {
                printf("%c ", game_table[k]);
                k++;
            }

            printf("\n");
        }
        doublemode_table_count++;
        int o = checkwin();

        if (o == -1 || o == -2)
        {
            if (o == -1)
            {
                printf("Player 1 WIN\n");
            }
            if (o == -2)
            {
                printf("Player 2 WIN\n");
            }

            break;
        }
        if (doublemode_table_count==4)
        {
            printf("\nDRAW ");
            break;
        }
    }
}

int check_placex(){
	char input[50];
	int n1;
	while (1){
		fgets(input,49,stdin);
		if ( strlen(input) > 2 || strlen(input)  == 0){
			fprintf(stderr,"Invalid move, Enter number 1 - 9: ");
			continue;
		}
		if(sscanf(input,"%d",&n1) != 1){
			fprintf(stderr,"Invalid move, Enter number 1 - 9: ");
			continue;
		} 
		if ((game_table[n1-1] == 'x') || (game_table[n1-1]) == 'o' || (n1== 0)){
			fprintf(stderr,"Already allocated, Enter number: ");
			continue;
		}
		return n1;
	}
}	





/**
 * @brief Update table by placing an `X`
 *
 * @param m location to place `X`
 *
 * @returns None
 */
void placex(int m)
{
    int n1 = 0;
    if (m >= 1 && m <= 9)
    {
        if (game_table[m - 1] != 'x' && game_table[m - 1] != 'o')
        {
            game_table[m - 1] = 'x';
        }
        else
        {
			int n = check_placex();
			placex(n);
        }
    }
    else
    {
		int n = check_placex();
		placex(n);
    }
}
/**
 * @brief Update table by placing an `O`
 *
 * @returns None
 */
void place()
{

    int e = rand() % 9;

    if (e >= 0 && e <= 8)
    {
        if (game_table[e] != 'x' && game_table[e] != 'o')
        {
            game_table[e] = 'o';
            printf("\n Computer placed at %d position\n", e + 1);
        }
        else
        {
            place();
        }
    }
}
/**
 * @brief Update table by placing an `O`
 *
 * @param e1 location to place `O`
 *
 * @returns None
 */
void placey(int e1)
{
    int n1 = 0;
    if (e1 >= 1 && e1 <= 9)
    {
        if (game_table[e1 - 1] != 'x' && game_table[e1 - 1] != 'o')
        {
            game_table[e1 - 1] = 'o';
        }
        else
        {
			int n = check_placex();
			placex(n);
        }
    }
    else
    {
		int n = check_placex();
		placex(n);
    }
}
/**
 * @brief Implementation of win conditon checker for 'X' or 'O' whenever the table is updated
 *
 * @returns -1: if 'X' won 
 * @returns -2: if 'O' won
 * @returns 0: if there is no win condition for 'X' or 'O' 
 */
int checkwin()
{
    if (game_table[0] == game_table[1] && game_table[1] == game_table[2])
    {
        if (game_table[0] == 'x' && game_table[1] == 'x' &&
            game_table[2] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[0] == 'o' && game_table[1] == 'o' &&
            game_table[2] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[0] == game_table[4] && game_table[4] == game_table[8])
    {
        if (game_table[0] == 'x' && game_table[4] == 'x' &&
            game_table[8] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[0] == 'o' && game_table[4] == 'o' &&
            game_table[8] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[0] == game_table[3] && game_table[3] == game_table[6])
    {
        if (game_table[0] == 'x' && game_table[3] == 'x' &&
            game_table[6] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[0] == 'o' && game_table[3] == 'o' &&
            game_table[6] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[3] == game_table[4] && game_table[4] == game_table[5])
    {
        if (game_table[3] == 'x' && game_table[4] == 'x' &&
            game_table[5] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[3] == 'o' && game_table[4] == 'o' &&
            game_table[5] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[6] == game_table[7] && game_table[7] == game_table[8])
    {
        if (game_table[6] == 'x' && game_table[7] == 'x' &&
            game_table[8] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[6] == 'o' && game_table[7] == 'o' &&
            game_table[8] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[1] == game_table[4] && game_table[4] == game_table[7])
    {
        if (game_table[1] == 'x' && game_table[4] == 'x' &&
            game_table[7] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[1] == 'o' && game_table[4] == 'o' &&
            game_table[7] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[2] == game_table[5] && game_table[5] == game_table[8])
    {
        if (game_table[2] == 'x' && game_table[5] == 'x' &&
            game_table[8] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[2] == 'o' && game_table[5] == 'o' &&
            game_table[8] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    else if (game_table[2] == game_table[4] && game_table[4] == game_table[6])
    {
        if (game_table[2] == 'x' && game_table[4] == 'x' &&
            game_table[6] == 'x')
        {
            return -1;
        }

        if (game_table[2] == 'o' && game_table[4] == 'o' &&
            game_table[6] == 'o')
        {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}