- add instructions for installing Gnu Hurd, from
Bruno Bonfils <asyd@debian-fr.org>
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Bryce Denney
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bochs/docs-html/hurd.html
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bochs/docs-html/hurd.html
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Bruno Bonfils">
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<TITLE>Bochs and the GNU/Hurd</TITLE>
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</HEAD>
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<BODY TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#ececec" LINK="#3333cc" VLINK="#666666">
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<center>
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<h1>How to use bochs to run the Hurd</h1>
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<font size=2>by Bruno Bonfils, <asyd@debian-fr.org></font>
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</center>
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<h2><li> Introduction</h2>
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<p>
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Since I don't have enough computers to dedicate a box to the Hurd, I'm trying
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to do my own harddrive image disk. I thougt there was
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some documentation about how to do that. But since I didn't find
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anything and I decided to write a small doc. I hope this document will be
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useful for some people who wants to try the Hurd.
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</p>
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<li> The testing box
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<p>
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Debian (Sid) GNU/Linux 2.4.19
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</p>
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<pre>
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ii bochs 1.4.1.no.elpin IA-32 (x86) PC emulator
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ii bochs-x 1.4.1.no.elpin Bochs binary with X interface.
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ii grub 0.92+cvs200209 GRand Unified Bootloader
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ii gcc-i386-gnu 1.7-8 Cheap cross-compiler for GNU/Hurd.
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ii mig-i386-gnu 1.2-1 The GNU distribution of the Mach 3.0 interface
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</pre>
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<p>If you don't have time and if you trust me, you can download here
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[1] my own image file. <b>(You don't need to run native-install)</b><p>
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<h2><li> Creating the image</h2>
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<p>
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<i>In this example, I use a 112 MB image disk, but I think you
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can use any size without some problem.</i>
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</p>
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<p>
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Use createdisk command like this :
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<pre>
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# createdisk hurd.img 112
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Disk Geometry:
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C: 227
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H: 16
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S: 63
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Total size: 117153792 bytes
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</pre>
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</p
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<p>
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Note on a paper or on your memory the disk geometry. Then, use the
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losetup command to create a loopback on the whole disk.
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</p>
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<pre>
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# losetup /dev/loop1 hurd.img
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now, call fdisk on /dev/loop1. Go into expert mode, and modify the
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disk geometry using the c, h, s commands. Return in normal mode, and
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create an unique primary partition which uses the whole disk. Then,
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detach the /dev/loop1 using :
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<pre># losetup -d /dev/loop1</pre>
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</p>
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<h2><li> Installing GNU/Hurd</h2>
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<li> Attach the partition
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<p> First of all, you need to create a filesystem on the disk. Use the
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command losetup and -o <offset> option to attach /dev/loop1 on the first
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partition of an image disk. Offset is computed like this :
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offset = sector * block_size (512)
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<pre># losetup -o 32256 /dev/loop1 hurd.img</pre></p>
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<li> Preparing the filesystem
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<p>According to The Hurd Installation Guide [2], use mke2fs to create a
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filesystem.</p>
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<pre># mke2fs -o hurd /dev/loop1</pre>
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Just mount /dev/loop1 like a typical dev.
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<pre># mount /dev/loop1 /mnt/gnu</pre>
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<li> Finish the installation
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<p>Download a GNU/Hurd archive as indicated in the Hurd Installation Guide, and decompress it in /mnt/gnu.</p>
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<pre>
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# cd /mnt/gnu
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# tar --same-owner -xvzpf ~/gnu-latest.tar.gz
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</pre>
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<h2><li> Bochs Configuration</h2>
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<p>
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Copy default configuration (/usr/share/doc/bochs/examples/bochsrc.gz on debian)
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on your home directory and edit it with your favorite editor (GNU Emacs, i hope ;).
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</p>
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<p>For my image file I have the following configuration :
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<pre>
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romimage: file=/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest, address=0xf0000
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megs: 128
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vgaromimage: /usr/share/vgabios/vgabios.bin
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floppya: 1_44=/dev/fd0, status=ejected
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diskc: file="/home/asyd/travail/hurd/hurd.img", cyl=227, heads=16, spt=63 # edit me
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cdromd: dev=/dev/cdrom, status=inserted
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boot: c
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log: /dev/stdout
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panic: action=ask
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error: action=report
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info: action=report
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debug: action=ignore
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vga_update_interval: 300000
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keyboard_serial_delay: 250
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keyboard_paste_delay: 100000
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floppy_command_delay: 500
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ips: 1000000
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mouse: enabled=0
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private_colormap: enabled=0
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fullscreen: enabled=0
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screenmode: name="sample"
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ne2k: ioaddr=0x280, irq=9, mac=fe:fd:00:00:00:01, ethmod=tap, ethdev=tap0
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keyboard_mapping: enabled=0, map=
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keyboard_type: xt
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i440fxsupport: enabled=0
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</pre>
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note most of them are actually in the default Debian example file. If you use
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these lines, don't forget to read the Networking section.
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</p>
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<h2><li> Note on GNU Mach</h2>
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<p><i>
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Remember that the Hurd is not an OS, it's just a collection of libraries
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and programs, so we can't actually boot the Hurd. We boot GNU Mach, and
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then launch the base servers.
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</i></p>
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<p>
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The default GNU Mach which is provided by the default GNU/Hurd archive
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contains some modules / drivers which are not needed in bochs
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environment. If you use it, you'll probably have some kernel panic
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while booting. Don't be afraid and just say alwayscont.
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</p>
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<p><i>
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Note: in my archive, I use a recompiled GNU Mach which contains only the
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drivers which are needed (--enable-floppy --enable-ide --enable-kmsg
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--enable-ne2000). If you want more informations on how to compile your own
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GNU Mach, just send me a mail and I'll add the section in this
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document.
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</i></p>
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<h2><li> Final Step</h2>
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<p>
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Create a grub floppy disk or use my floppy image [3]. Adapt your bochsrc
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file according to your choice. If you want install Grub on the image disk,
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remember to copy stage1, stage2 Grub's files into /mnt/gnu/boot/grub.
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</p>
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<p>Launch bochs - as root if you want networking (using sudo for example).</p>
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<i>If you have stage1 and stage2 file, you can install Grub on the MBR.</i>
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<pre>
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<grub> root (hd0,0)
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<grub> setup (hd0)
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</pre>
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<p>Finally, booting GNU mach</p>
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<pre>
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<grub> root (hd0,0)
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<grub> kernel /boot/gnumach.gz root=hd0s1
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<grub> module /boot/serverboot.gz
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<grub> boot
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</pre>
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Now, you can read the official Hurd Installation Guide [2].
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<h2><li> Networking</h2>
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<p>
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You can try to test networking between the GNU/Linux (host OS) and the GNU/Hurd.
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First of all, please read [4], I currently have the *same* problem.
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</p>
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<p>
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Verify your kernel configuration, you need to have :
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<pre>
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CONFIG_NETLINK_DEV=m
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CONFIG_ETHERTAP=m
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</pre>
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(or y instead or m). Check if /dev/tap0 file exist, else create it
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with
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<pre>
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# mknod /dev/tap0 c 36 16
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</pre>
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and run this command on the guest os :
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<pre>
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# ifconfig tap0 192.168.100.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
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</pre>
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Use ip 196.168.100.10 on the GNU/Hurd and you can ping 192.168.100.1
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</p>
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<h2><li> Links</h2>
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<li> [1] <a href="http://plouc.net/~asyd/hurd/hurd.img.gz">My own
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harddisk Image File (~20Mo)</a>
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<li> [2] <a
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href="http://web.walfield.org/papers/hurd-installation-guide/english/hurd-install-guide.html">Hurd
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Installation guide</a>
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<li> [3] Grub Floppy image : <font color="#FF0000">coming soon</font>
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<li> [4] <a href="http://www.geocrawler.com/archives/3/11758/2002/3/350/8049674/">new ethertap interface for linux, by Bryce Denney</a>
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<h2><li> Thanks</h2>
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<li> Mmenal
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<li> #hurdfr, #hurd, #bochs channels (Freenode network)
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<li> All people who help me everyday on IRC
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<hr SIZE=1>
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<center>
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Copyright (c) <a href="mailto:asyd@debian-fr.org">Bruno Bonfils</a><br>
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation.
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<br>
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Last modified : Sat, 31 Aug 2002 22:54:50 +0200
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</center>
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</body>
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</html>
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@ -534,6 +534,7 @@ to install the OS of your interest.
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<LI> <A HREF="Linux.html">Linux</A> </LI>
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<LI> <A HREF="OldWindows95.html">Deprecated Win95 install instructions</A> </LI>
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<LI> <A HREF="guestNT.html">WinNT 4.0</A> </LI>
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<LI> <A HREF="hurd.html">Hurd</A> </LI>
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</UL>
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<HR WIDTH="100%">
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