148 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
148 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
# ToAruOS (とあるOS) #
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[](http://i.imgur.com/GzbYtzG.png) [](http://i.imgur.com/XsxqLkw.png)
|
|
|
|
とあるOS (ToaruOS) is a hobby Unix-like operating system. Development began in December of 2010 at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and is currently a one-man effort. For a short time, the project was the focus of the UIUC [SIGOps](http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/sigops/).
|
|
|
|
Both the kernel and userspace are included in this repository.
|
|
|
|
## Community
|
|
|
|
### IRC ###
|
|
|
|
For discussion, help with building or running the OS, and for up-to-date build verification, please join us in `#toaruos` on Freenode (`irc.freenode.net`).
|
|
|
|
## Features ##
|
|
|
|
The とある kernel provides a number of standard features, including:
|
|
|
|
* Processes and threads
|
|
* The kernel supports loading of static ELF binaries
|
|
* Threads are scheduled by the kernel
|
|
* Shared memory
|
|
* Pipes and TTYs
|
|
* Virtual file system
|
|
* `/proc` implementation similar to Linux
|
|
* `/dev` entries
|
|
* EXT2 filesystem for disk access
|
|
* Signals
|
|
* Delivery is asynchronous from sending
|
|
* Processed immediately during next context switch into receiving process
|
|
|
|
The included userspace also provides:
|
|
|
|
* A number of standard Unix utilities
|
|
* A graphical interface
|
|
* Composited window manager
|
|
* Limited widget toolkit
|
|
* Terminal emulator
|
|
* Some xterm compatibility, support for 256 color palette, etc.
|
|
* Anti-aliased text with FreeType
|
|
* General support for UTF-8
|
|
|
|
### Third-Party Software ###
|
|
|
|
とあるOS makes use of and supplies the following third-party packages:
|
|
|
|
* `libpng` - Used extensively by the native graphics library to provide wallpaper and icons.
|
|
* `zlib` - Dependency of `libpng`, but also generally useful.
|
|
* `freetype` - For rendering text using TrueType fonts.
|
|
* `cairo` and `pixman` - For accelerated and managed graphics.
|
|
* `ncurses` - Terminal control library, provides `terminfo`.
|
|
* Mesa - Implementation of OpenGL (only the software rasterizer is available).
|
|
* Vim - Popular text editor.
|
|
|
|
Additionally, a number of third-party software packages have been ported to とあるOS, but are not yet included in this distribution:
|
|
|
|
* Lua - Builds as-is
|
|
* MuPDF - See [klange/toaru-pdfviewer](https://github.com/klange/toaru-pdfviewer) (library must be cross compiled)
|
|
|
|
## Screenshots ##
|
|
|
|
For a historical look at とあるOS, please see [SCREENSHOTS.md](SCREENSHOTS.md).
|
|
|
|
## Testing it Out ##
|
|
From some Linux hosts (Ubuntu/Debian, Fedora), you can clone the repository and run:
|
|
|
|
./build.sh
|
|
|
|
This will install the required dependencies, build the userspace libraries and toolchain, build the kernel, and give you a hard disk image.
|
|
|
|
You can then run `make run` or `make kvm` to run QEMU. An additional `make run-config` command is available that allows easy customization of the emulation environment through a config file (`.config`, see `util/config-parser` for available options).
|
|
|
|
While we only officially support QEMU, other environments - including actual hardware - should work given the appropriate tools. If you are eager to try とあるOS from a real machine, please use GRUB 2 and ensure that you provide the correct graphics payload options. You may find a sample GRUB configuration the `image-builder` directory.
|
|
|
|
### User Accounts ###
|
|
The default root password is `toor`. There is also a regular user `local` with password `local`. While general system security is lacking, most system-modifying calls to the kernel require root privileges. When booting directly to a graphical terminal, the system will run in single-user mode and automatically log in as root. When running in graphical or VGA-terminal mode, a login screen is presented.
|
|
|
|
### Cygwin ###
|
|
With some work, とあるOS is also known to build successfully under cygwin. Instructions are forthcoming.
|
|
|
|
### Making modifications
|
|
If you have made modifications to the kernel or userspace, `make` will suffice to build a new image and kernel. `build.sh` should only be used once when first cloning. If you have made modifications to the system call bindings for newlib, run `rebuild-newlib.sh` from the `toolchain` directory, then rebuild userspace applications as necessray.
|
|
|
|
### Prebuilt Images ###
|
|
Unfortunately, we are no longer able to host prebuilt images through GitHub. We are exploring other options for distributing pre-built images and are also working to provide an ISO distribution.
|
|
|
|
### Building an Image for VirtualBox, etc. ###
|
|
An experimental, unsupported image building tool that will produce a "production-ready" image, including GRUB 2, is provided in the `image-builder` directory. The script, `create-image.sh`, must be run as root and will produce a 1GB raw disk image which be converted to other formats as needed.
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting
|
|
If you have any issues at all while attempting to build とあるOS, or you would like help building on an unsupported platform, please join us on IRC (`#toaruos@irc.freenode.net`). Problems encountered while using the build scripts in an unsupported environment will not be considered bugs until thoroughly examined.
|
|
|
|
## Dependencies ##
|
|
|
|
### Kernel ###
|
|
To build the kernel, you will need `yasm`, `clang`, and GNU `ld` (which you undoubtedly have if you have `clang` or `gcc`).
|
|
|
|
### Hard disks ###
|
|
You will need `genext2fs` to generate the EXT2 images for the hard disk drive.
|
|
|
|
### Userspace ###
|
|
A toolchain is provided and can be built through `build.sh`; this script should be able to install its own dependencies on Ubuntu/Debian and Fedora. Other environments are not supported, but examination for the script should provide a reference point on what packages are necessary.
|
|
|
|
## References ##
|
|
Here are some tutorials we found useful early on:
|
|
|
|
* [James M's kernel development tutorials](http://www.jamesmolloy.co.uk/tutorial_html/index.html)
|
|
* [Bran's Kernel Development Tutorial](http://www.osdever.net/bkerndev/Docs/basickernel.htm)
|
|
* [Skelix's OS tutorial](http://skelix.net/skelixos/index_en.html)
|
|
|
|
# Licenses #
|
|
|
|
## ToAruOS Itself ##
|
|
|
|
This project is released under the terms of the University of Illinois / NCSA Open Source License, an OSI- and FSF-approved, GPL-compatible open source license. The NCSA License is a derivative of the MIT license and the BSD license; it is reproduced here for your convenience:
|
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Kevin Lange. All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
|
|
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
|
|
deal with the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
|
|
rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
|
|
sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
|
|
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
|
|
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
|
|
this list of conditions and the following disclaimers.
|
|
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimers in the
|
|
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
3. Neither the names of the ToAruOS Kernel Development Team, Kevin Lange,
|
|
nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
|
|
or promote products derived from this Software without specific prior
|
|
written permission.
|
|
|
|
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
|
|
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
|
|
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
|
|
CONTRIBUTORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
|
|
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
|
|
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
|
|
WITH THE SOFTWARE.
|
|
|
|
## Third-Party Packages ##
|
|
|
|
ToAruOS contains a number of third-party packages and software. As the number of third-party packages in the OS has increased drastically, I have moved the licenses to [THIRDPARTY.md](THIRDPARTY.md).
|