#include <string.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <limits.h>

#define MIN(A, B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
#define MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))

#define ALIGN (sizeof(size_t))
#define ONES ((size_t)-1/UCHAR_MAX)
#define HIGHS (ONES * (UCHAR_MAX/2+1))
#define HASZERO(X) (((X)-ONES) & ~(X) & HIGHS)

#define BITOP(A, B, OP) \
 ((A)[(size_t)(B)/(8*sizeof *(A))] OP (size_t)1<<((size_t)(B)%(8*sizeof *(A))))

int memcmp(const void * vl, const void * vr, size_t n) {
	const unsigned char *l = vl;
	const unsigned char *r = vr;
	for (; n && *l == *r; n--, l++, r++);
	return n ? *l-*r : 0;
}

void * memchr(const void * src, int c, size_t n) {
	const unsigned char * s = src;
	c = (unsigned char)c;
	for (; ((uintptr_t)s & (ALIGN - 1)) && n && *s != c; s++, n--);
	if (n && *s != c) {
		const size_t * w;
		size_t k = ONES * c;
		for (w = (const void *)s; n >= sizeof(size_t) && !HASZERO(*w^k); w++, n -= sizeof(size_t));
		for (s = (const void *)w; n && *s != c; s++, n--);
	}
	return n ? (void *)s : 0;
}

void * memrchr(const void * m, int c, size_t n) {
	const unsigned char * s = m;
	c = (unsigned char)c;
	while (n--) {
		if (s[n] == c) {
			return (void*)(s+n);
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

int strcmp(const char * l, const char * r) {
	for (; *l == *r && *l; l++, r++);
	return *(unsigned char *)l - *(unsigned char *)r;
}

size_t strlen(const char * s) {
	const char * a = s;
	const size_t * w;
	for (; (uintptr_t)s % ALIGN; s++) {
		if (!*s) {
			return s-a;
		}
	}
	for (w = (const void *)s; !HASZERO(*w); w++);
	for (s = (const void *)w; *s; s++);
	return s-a;
}

char * strdup(const char * s) {
	size_t l = strlen(s);
	return memcpy(malloc(l+1), s, l+1);
}

char * stpcpy(char * restrict d, const char * restrict s) {
	size_t * wd;
	const size_t * ws;

	if ((uintptr_t)s % ALIGN == (uintptr_t)d % ALIGN) {
		for (; (uintptr_t)s % ALIGN; s++, d++) {
			if (!(*d = *s)) {
				return d;
			}
		}
		wd = (void *)d;
		ws = (const void *)s;
		for (; !HASZERO(*ws); *wd++ = *ws++);
		d = (void *)wd;
		s = (const void *)ws;
	}

	for (; (*d=*s); s++, d++);

	return d;
}

char * strcpy(char * restrict dest, const char * restrict src) {
	char * out = dest;
	for (; (*dest=*src); src++, dest++);
	return out;
}

size_t strspn(const char * s, const char * c) {
	const char * a = s;
	size_t byteset[32/sizeof(size_t)] = { 0 };

	if (!c[0]) {
		return 0;
	}
	if (!c[1]) {
		for (; *s == *c; s++);
		return s-a;
	}

	for (; *c && BITOP(byteset, *(unsigned char *)c, |=); c++);
	for (; *s && BITOP(byteset, *(unsigned char *)s, &); s++);

	return s-a;
}

char * strchrnul(const char * s, int c) {
	size_t * w;
	size_t k;

	c = (unsigned char)c;
	if (!c) {
		return (char *)s + strlen(s);
	}

	for (; (uintptr_t)s % ALIGN; s++) {
		if (!*s || *(unsigned char *)s == c) {
			return (char *)s;
		}
	}

	k = ONES * c;
	for (w = (void *)s; !HASZERO(*w) && !HASZERO(*w^k); w++);
	for (s = (void *)w; *s && *(unsigned char *)s != c; s++);
	return (char *)s;
}

char * strchr(const char * s, int c) {
	char *r = strchrnul(s, c);
	return *(unsigned char *)r == (unsigned char)c ? r : 0;
}

char * strrchr(const char * s, int c) {
	return memrchr(s, c, strlen(s) + 1);
}

size_t strcspn(const char * s, const char * c) {
	const char *a = s;
	if (c[0] && c[1]) {
		size_t byteset[32/sizeof(size_t)] = { 0 };
		for (; *c && BITOP(byteset, *(unsigned char *)c, |=); c++);
		for (; *s && !BITOP(byteset, *(unsigned char *)s, &); s++);
		return s-a;
	}
	return strchrnul(s, *c)-a;
}

char * strpbrk(const char * s, const char * b) {
	s += strcspn(s, b);
	return *s ? (char *)s : 0;
}

static char *strstr_2b(const unsigned char * h, const unsigned char * n) {
	uint16_t nw = n[0] << 8 | n[1];
	uint16_t hw = h[0] << 8 | h[1];
	for (h++; *h && hw != nw; hw = hw << 8 | *++h);
	return *h ? (char *)h-1 : 0;
}

static char *strstr_3b(const unsigned char * h, const unsigned char * n) {
	uint32_t nw = n[0] << 24 | n[1] << 16 | n[2] << 8;
	uint32_t hw = h[0] << 24 | h[1] << 16 | h[2] << 8;
	for (h += 2; *h && hw != nw; hw = (hw|*++h) << 8);
	return *h ? (char *)h-2 : 0;
}

static char *strstr_4b(const unsigned char * h, const unsigned char * n) {
	uint32_t nw = n[0] << 24 | n[1] << 16 | n[2] << 8 | n[3];
	uint32_t hw = h[0] << 24 | h[1] << 16 | h[2] << 8 | h[3];
	for (h += 3; *h && hw != nw; hw = hw << 8 | *++h);
	return *h ? (char *)h-3 : 0;
}

static char *strstr_twoway(const unsigned char * h, const unsigned char * n) {
	size_t mem;
	size_t mem0;
	size_t byteset[32 / sizeof(size_t)] = { 0 };
	size_t shift[256];
	size_t l;

	/* Computing length of needle and fill shift table */
	for (l = 0; n[l] && h[l]; l++) {
		BITOP(byteset, n[l], |=);
		shift[n[l]] = l+1;
	}

	if (n[l]) {
		return 0; /* hit the end of h */
	}

	/* Compute maximal suffix */
	size_t ip = -1;
	size_t jp = 0;
	size_t k = 1;
	size_t p = 1;
	while (jp+k<l) {
		if (n[ip+k] == n[jp+k]) {
			if (k == p) {
				jp += p;
				k = 1;
			} else {
				k++;
			}
		} else if (n[ip+k] > n[jp+k]) {
			jp += k;
			k = 1;
			p = jp - ip;
		} else {
			ip = jp++;
			k = p = 1;
		}
	}
	size_t ms = ip;
	size_t p0 = p;

	/* And with the opposite comparison */
	ip = -1;
	jp = 0;
	k = p = 1;
	while (jp+k<l) {
		if (n[ip+k] == n[jp+k]) {
			if (k == p) {
				jp += p;
				k = 1;
			} else {
				k++;
			}
		} else if (n[ip+k] < n[jp+k]) {
			jp += k;
			k = 1;
			p = jp - ip;
		} else {
			ip = jp++;
			k = p = 1;
		}
	}
	if (ip+1 > ms+1) {
		ms = ip;
	} else {
		p = p0;
	}

	/* Periodic needle? */
	if (memcmp(n, n+p, ms+1)) {
		mem0 = 0;
		p = MAX(ms, l-ms-1) + 1;
	} else {
		mem0 = l-p;
	}
	mem = 0;

	/* Initialize incremental end-of-haystack pointer */
	const unsigned char * z = h;

	/* Search loop */
	for (;;) {
		/* Update incremental end-of-haystack pointer */
		if ((size_t)(z-h) < l) {
			/* Fast estimate for MIN(l,63) */
			size_t grow = l | 63;
			const unsigned char *z2 = memchr(z, 0, grow);
			if (z2) {
				z = z2;
				if ((size_t)(z-h) < l) {
					return 0;
				}
			} else {
				z += grow;
			}
		}

		/* Check last byte first; advance by shift on mismatch */
		if (BITOP(byteset, h[l-1], &)) {
			k = l-shift[h[l-1]];
			if (k) {
				if (mem0 && mem && k < p) k = l-p;
				h += k;
				mem = 0;
				continue;
			}
		} else {
			h += l;
			mem = 0;
			continue;
		}

		/* Compare right half */
		for (k=MAX(ms+1,mem); n[k] && n[k] == h[k]; k++);
		if (n[k]) {
			h += k-ms;
			mem = 0;
			continue;
		}
		/* Compare left half */
		for (k=ms+1; k>mem && n[k-1] == h[k-1]; k--);
		if (k <= mem) {
			return (char *)h;
		}
		h += p;
		mem = mem0;
	}
}

char *strstr(const char * h, const char * n) {
	/* Return immediately on empty needle */
	if (!n[0]) {
		return (char *)h;
	}

	/* Use faster algorithms for short needles */
	h = strchr(h, *n);
	if (!h || !n[1]) {
		return (char *)h;
	}

	if (!h[1]) return 0;
	if (!n[2]) return strstr_2b((void *)h, (void *)n);
	if (!h[2]) return 0;
	if (!n[3]) return strstr_3b((void *)h, (void *)n);
	if (!h[3]) return 0;
	if (!n[4]) return strstr_4b((void *)h, (void *)n);

	/* Two-way on large needles */
	return strstr_twoway((void *)h, (void *)n);
}

static inline int isdigit(int ch) {
	return (unsigned int)ch-'0' < 10;
}

static inline int isspace(int ch) {
	return ch == ' ' || (unsigned int)ch-'\t' < 5;
}

int atoi(const char * s) {
	int n = 0;
	int neg = 0;
	while (isspace(*s)) {
		s++;
	}
	switch (*s) {
		case '-':
			neg = 1;
			/* Fallthrough is intentional here */
		case '+':
			s++;
	}
	while (isdigit(*s)) {
		n = 10*n - (*s++ - '0');
	}
	/* The sign order may look incorrect here but this is correct as n is calculated
	 * as a negative number to avoid overflow on INT_MAX.
	 */
	return neg ? n : -n;
}

size_t lfind(const char * str, const char accept) {
	return (size_t)strchr(str, accept);
}

size_t rfind(const char * str, const char accept) {
	return (size_t)strrchr(str, accept);
}

char * strtok_r(char * str, const char * delim, char ** saveptr) {
	char * token;
	if (str == NULL) {
		str = *saveptr;
	}
	str += strspn(str, delim);
	if (*str == '\0') {
		*saveptr = str;
		return NULL;
	}
	token = str;
	str = strpbrk(token, delim);
	if (str == NULL) {
		*saveptr = (char *)lfind(token, '\0');
	} else {
		*str = '\0';
		*saveptr = str + 1;
	}
	return token;
}

char * strcat(char *dest, const char *src) {
	char * end = dest;
	while (*end != '\0') {
		++end;
	}
	while (*src) {
		*end = *src;
		end++;
		src++;
	}
	*end = '\0';
	return dest;
}