toaruos/modules/ac97.c

/**
 * @file kernel/audio/ac97.c
 * @brief Driver for the Intel AC'97.
 *
 * Simple PCM interface for the AC'97 codec when used with the
 * ICH hardware interface. There are other hardware interfaces
 * that use this codec and this driver could probably be ported
 * to them.
 *
 * Note that the audio subsystem is intended to be non-blocking
 * so that buffer filling can be done directly in interrupt handlers.
 *
 * @see http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/manuals/29802801.pdf
 *
 * @copyright
 * This file is part of ToaruOS and is released under the terms
 * of the NCSA / University of Illinois License - see LICENSE.md
 * Copyright (C) 2015 Michael Gerow
 * Copyright (C) 2015-2021 K. Lange
 */

#include <errno.h>
#include <kernel/types.h>
#include <kernel/string.h>
#include <kernel/printf.h>
#include <kernel/pci.h>
#include <kernel/process.h>
#include <kernel/mmu.h>
#include <kernel/list.h>
#include <kernel/module.h>
#include <kernel/mod/snd.h>

#include <kernel/arch/x86_64/ports.h>
#include <kernel/arch/x86_64/regs.h>
#include <kernel/arch/x86_64/irq.h>

/* Utility macros */
#define N_ELEMENTS(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]))

/* BARs! */
#define AC97_NAMBAR  0x10  /* Native Audio Mixer Base Address Register */
#define AC97_NABMBAR 0x14  /* Native Audio Bus Mastering Base Address Register */

/* Bus mastering IO port offsets */
#define AC97_PO_BDBAR 0x10  /* PCM out buffer descriptor BAR */
#define AC97_PO_CIV   0x14  /* PCM out current index value */
#define AC97_PO_LVI   0x15  /* PCM out last valid index */
#define AC97_PO_SR    0x16  /* PCM out status register */
#define AC97_PO_PICB  0x18  /* PCM out position in current buffer register */
#define AC97_PO_CR    0x1B  /* PCM out control register */

/* Bus mastering misc */
/* Buffer descriptor list constants */
#define AC97_BDL_LEN              32                    /* Buffer descriptor list length */
#define AC97_BDL_BUFFER_LEN       0x1000                /* Length of buffer in BDL */
#define AC97_CL_GET_LENGTH(cl)    ((cl) & 0xFFFF)       /* Decode length from cl */
#define AC97_CL_SET_LENGTH(cl, v) ((cl) = (v) & 0xFFFF) /* Encode length to cl */
#define AC97_CL_BUP               ((uint32_t)1 << 30)             /* Buffer underrun policy in cl */
#define AC97_CL_IOC               ((uint32_t)1 << 31)             /* Interrupt on completion flag in cl */

/* PCM out control register flags */
#define AC97_X_CR_RPBM  (1 << 0)  /* Run/pause bus master */
#define AC97_X_CR_RR    (1 << 1)  /* Reset registers */
#define AC97_X_CR_LVBIE (1 << 2)  /* Last valid buffer interrupt enable */
#define AC97_X_CR_FEIE  (1 << 3)  /* FIFO error interrupt enable */
#define AC97_X_CR_IOCE  (1 << 4)  /* Interrupt on completion enable */

/* Status register flags */
#define AC97_X_SR_DCH   (1 << 0)  /* DMA controller halted */
#define AC97_X_SR_CELV  (1 << 1)  /* Current equals last valid */
#define AC97_X_SR_LVBCI (1 << 2)  /* Last valid buffer completion interrupt */
#define AC97_X_SR_BCIS  (1 << 3)  /* Buffer completion interrupt status */
#define AC97_X_SR_FIFOE (1 << 4)  /* FIFO error */

/* Mixer IO port offsets */
#define AC97_RESET          0x00
#define AC97_MASTER_VOLUME  0x02
#define AC97_AUX_OUT_VOLUME 0x04
#define AC97_MONO_VOLUME    0x06
#define AC97_PCM_OUT_VOLUME 0x18

/* snd values */
#define AC97_SND_NAME "Intel AC'97"
#define AC97_PLAYBACK_SPEED 48000
#define AC97_PLAYBACK_FORMAT SND_FORMAT_L16SLE

/* An entry in a buffer dscriptor list */
typedef struct {
	uint32_t pointer;  /* Pointer to buffer */
	uint32_t cl;       /* Control values and buffer length */
} __attribute__((packed)) ac97_bdl_entry_t;

typedef struct {
	uint32_t pci_device;
	uint16_t nabmbar;               /* Native audio bus mastring BAR */
	uint16_t nambar;                /* Native audio mixing BAR */
	size_t irq;                     /* This ac97's irq */
	uint8_t lvi;                    /* The currently set last valid index */
	uint8_t bits;                   /* How many bits of volume are supported (5 or 6) */
	ac97_bdl_entry_t * bdl;         /* Buffer descriptor list */
	uint16_t * bufs[AC97_BDL_LEN];  /* Virtual addresses for buffers in BDL */
	uint32_t bdl_p;
	uint32_t mask;
} ac97_device_t;

static ac97_device_t _device;

#define AC97_KNOB_PCM_OUT (SND_KNOB_VENDOR + 0)

static snd_knob_t _knobs[] = {
	{
		"Master",
		SND_KNOB_MASTER
	},
	{
		"PCM Out",
		SND_KNOB_VENDOR + 0
	}
};

static int ac97_mixer_read(uint32_t knob_id, uint32_t *val);
static int ac97_mixer_write(uint32_t knob_id, uint32_t val);

static snd_device_t _snd = {
	.name            = AC97_SND_NAME,
	.device          = &_device,
	.playback_speed  = AC97_PLAYBACK_SPEED,
	.playback_format = AC97_PLAYBACK_FORMAT,

	.knobs     = _knobs,
	.num_knobs = N_ELEMENTS(_knobs),

	.mixer_read  = ac97_mixer_read,
	.mixer_write = ac97_mixer_write,
};

/* 
 * This could be unnecessary if we instead allocate just two buffers and make
 * the ac97 think there are more.
 */

static void find_ac97(uint32_t device, uint16_t vendorid, uint16_t deviceid, void * extra) {

	ac97_device_t * ac97 = extra;

	if ((vendorid == 0x8086) && (deviceid == 0x2415)) {
		ac97->pci_device = device;
	}

}

#define DIVISION 0x1000
static int ac97_irq_handler(struct regs * regs) {
	uint16_t sr = inports(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_SR);
	if (sr & AC97_X_SR_BCIS) {
		uint16_t current_buffer = inportb(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_CIV);
		uint16_t last_valid = ((current_buffer+2) & (AC97_BDL_LEN-1));
		snd_request_buf(&_snd, 0x1000, (uint8_t *)_device.bufs[last_valid]);
		outportb(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_LVI, last_valid);
		snd_request_buf(&_snd, 0x1000, (uint8_t *)_device.bufs[last_valid]+0x1000);
		outports(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_SR, AC97_X_SR_BCIS);
	} else if (sr & AC97_X_SR_LVBCI) {
		outports(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_SR, AC97_X_SR_LVBCI);
	} else if (sr & AC97_X_SR_FIFOE) {
		outports(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_SR, AC97_X_SR_FIFOE);
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
	irq_ack(_device.irq);
	return 1;
}

/* Currently we just assume right and left are the same */
static int ac97_mixer_read(uint32_t knob_id, uint32_t *val) {
	uint16_t tmp;
	switch (knob_id) {
		case SND_KNOB_MASTER:
			tmp = inports(_device.nambar + AC97_MASTER_VOLUME);
			if (tmp == 0x8000) {
				*val = 0;
			} else {
				/* 6 bit value */
				*val = (tmp & _device.mask) << (sizeof(*val) * 8 - _device.bits);
				*val = ~*val;
				*val &= (uint32_t)_device.mask << (sizeof(*val) * 8 - _device.bits);
			}
			break;
		case AC97_KNOB_PCM_OUT:
			tmp = inports(_device.nambar + AC97_PCM_OUT_VOLUME);
			if (tmp == 0x8000) {
				*val = 0;
			} else {
				/* 5 bit value */
				*val = (tmp & 0x1f) << (sizeof(*val) * 8 - 5);
				*val = ~*val;
				*val &= 0x1f << (sizeof(*val) * 8 - 5);
			}
			break;

		default:
			return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int ac97_mixer_write(uint32_t knob_id, uint32_t val) {
	switch (knob_id) {
		case SND_KNOB_MASTER: {
			uint16_t encoded;
			if (val == 0x0) {
				encoded = 0x8000;
			} else {
				/* 0 is the highest volume */
				val = ~val;
				/* 6 bit value */
				val >>= (sizeof(val) * 8 - _device.bits);
				encoded = (val & 0xFF) | (val << 8);
			}
			outports(_device.nambar + AC97_MASTER_VOLUME, encoded);
			break;
		}

		case AC97_KNOB_PCM_OUT: {
			uint16_t encoded;
			if (val == 0x0) {
				encoded = 0x8000;
			} else {
				/* 0 is the highest volume */
				val = ~val;
				/* 5 bit value */
				val >>= (sizeof(val) * 8 - 5);
				encoded = (val & 0xFF) | (val << 8);
			}
			outports(_device.nambar + AC97_PCM_OUT_VOLUME, encoded);
			break;
		}

		default:
			return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int ac97_install(int argc, char * argv[]) {
	//debug_print(NOTICE, "Initializing AC97");
	pci_scan(&find_ac97, -1, &_device);
	if (!_device.pci_device) {
		return -ENODEV;
	}
	_device.nabmbar = pci_read_field(_device.pci_device, AC97_NABMBAR, 2) & ((uint32_t) -1) << 1;
	_device.nambar = pci_read_field(_device.pci_device, PCI_BAR0, 4) & ((uint32_t) -1) << 1;
	_device.irq = pci_get_interrupt(_device.pci_device);
	//printf("device wants irq %zd\n", _device.irq);
	irq_install_handler(_device.irq, ac97_irq_handler, "ac97");
	/* Enable all matter of interrupts */
	outportb(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_CR, AC97_X_CR_FEIE | AC97_X_CR_IOCE);

	/* Enable bus mastering and disable memory mapped space */
	pci_write_field(_device.pci_device, PCI_COMMAND, 2, 0x5);
	/* Default the PCM output to full volume. */
	outports(_device.nambar + AC97_PCM_OUT_VOLUME, 0x0000);

	/* Allocate our BDL and our buffers */
	_device.bdl_p = mmu_allocate_a_frame() << 12;
	_device.bdl   = mmu_map_from_physical(_device.bdl_p);
	memset(_device.bdl, 0, AC97_BDL_LEN * sizeof(*_device.bdl));

	for (int i = 0; i < AC97_BDL_LEN; i++) {
		_device.bdl[i].pointer = mmu_allocate_n_frames(2) << 12;
		_device.bufs[i] = mmu_map_from_physical(_device.bdl[i].pointer);
		memset(_device.bufs[i], 0, AC97_BDL_BUFFER_LEN * sizeof(*_device.bufs[0]));
		AC97_CL_SET_LENGTH(_device.bdl[i].cl, AC97_BDL_BUFFER_LEN);
		/* Set all buffers to interrupt */
		_device.bdl[i].cl |= AC97_CL_IOC;

	}
	/* Tell the ac97 where our BDL is */
	outportl(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_BDBAR, _device.bdl_p);
	/* Set the LVI to be the last index */
	_device.lvi = 2;
	outportb(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_LVI, _device.lvi);

	/* detect whether device supports MSB */
	outports(_device.nambar + AC97_MASTER_VOLUME, 0x2020);
	uint16_t t = inports(_device.nambar + AC97_MASTER_VOLUME) & 0x1f;
	if (t == 0x1f) {
		//debug_print(WARNING, "This device only supports 5 bits of audio volume.");
		_device.bits = 5;
		_device.mask = 0x1f;
	} else {
		_device.bits = 6;
		_device.mask = 0x3f;
	}
	outports(_device.nambar + AC97_MASTER_VOLUME, 0x0000);

	snd_register(&_snd);

	/* Start things playing */
	outportb(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_CR, inportb(_device.nabmbar + AC97_PO_CR) | AC97_X_CR_RPBM);

	//debug_print(NOTICE, "AC97 initialized successfully");

	return 0;
}

static int fini(void) {
	snd_unregister(&_snd);

	free(_device.bdl);
	for (int i = 0; i < AC97_BDL_LEN; i++) {
		free(_device.bufs[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}

struct Module metadata = {
	.name = "ac97",
	.init = ac97_install,
	.fini = fini,
};