| .github | ||
| common | ||
| decompressor | ||
| limine-deploy | ||
| stage1 | ||
| test | ||
| tinf | ||
| toolchain-detect | ||
| .gitignore | ||
| bochsrc | ||
| bootstrap | ||
| config.h.in | ||
| CONFIG.md | ||
| configure.ac | ||
| GNUmakefile.in | ||
| LICENSE.md | ||
| limine.h | ||
| make_toolchain.sh | ||
| PROTOCOL.md | ||
| README.md | ||
| screenshot.png | ||
| version.sh | ||
Limine
What is Limine?
Limine is a modern, advanced x86/x86_64 BIOS/UEFI multiprotocol bootloader, used as the reference implementation for the Limine boot protocol.
Limine's boot menu
Photo by Martin Damboldt from Pexels
Supported boot protocols
- Linux
- Limine
- Multiboot 1
- Multiboot 2
- Chainloading
Supported filesystems
- ext2/3/4
- FAT12/16/32
- NTFS
- ISO9660 (CDs/DVDs)
Supported partitioning schemes
- MBR
- GPT
- Unpartitioned media
Minimum system requirements
While Limine is made with modern, 64-bit, PCs in mind, it supports 32-bit ones as well, starting with PCs with Pentium Pro class CPUs.
Binary releases
For convenience, for point releases, binaries are distributed. These binaries
are shipped in the -binary branches and tags of this repository
(see branches and
tags).
For example, to clone the latest binary release of the v3.x branch one can do
git clone https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine.git --branch=v3.0-branch-binary --depth=1
or, to clone a specific binary point release (for example v3.5)
git clone https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine.git --branch=v3.5-binary --depth=1
limine-deploy binaries are provided for Windows.
In order to rebuild limine-deploy, simply run make in the binary
release directory.
Building the bootloader
The following steps are not necessary if cloning a binary release. If so, skip to "Installing Limine binaries".
Building the toolchain
This step can take a long time, but it will ensure that the toolchain will work
with Limine. If on an x86_64 host, with GCC or Clang installed, it is possible
that the host toolchain will suffice. You can skip to the next paragraph in order
to use the system's toolchain instead. If that fails, you can still come back here
later (remember to make clean and re-run ./configure after building the toolchain).
The toolchain's build process depends on the following packages: GNU make,
GNU tar, texinfo, curl, gzip, bzip2, gcc/clang, g++/clang++.
Building the toolchain can be accomplished by running:
TARGET=<target architecture> ./make_toolchain.sh
where <target architecture> is something like i686 or x86_64.
Prerequisites
In order to build Limine, the following programs have to be installed:
GNU make, grep, sed, find, awk, gzip, nasm, mtools
(optional, necessary to build limine-cd-efi.bin).
Furthermore, either the toolchain must have been built in the previous
paragraph, or gcc or llvm/clang must also be installed, alongside
the respective binutils. nasm is optional if the toolchain was built in the previous
paragraph as it is built as part of it.
Configure
If using a release tarball (recommended, see https://github.com/limine-bootloader/limine/releases),
run ./configure directly.
If checking out from the repository, run ./bootstrap first in order to download the
necessary dependencies and generate the configure script (GNU autoconf and GNU automake required).
./configure takes arguments and environment variables; for more information on
these, run ./configure --help.
To build using the LLVM toolchain, pass TOOLCHAIN=llvm to ./configure.
Limine supports both in-tree and out-of-tree builds. Simply run the configure
script from the directory you wish to execute the build in. The following make
commands are supposed to be ran inside the build directory.
Building Limine
To build Limine, run:
make # (or gmake where applicable)
The generated bootloader files are going to be in bin.
Installing Limine binaries
This step is optional as the bootloader binaries can be used from the bin or
release directory just fine. This step will only install them to a share and
bin directories in the specified prefix (default is /usr/local, see
./configure --help, or the PREFIX variable if installing a binary release).
To install Limine, run:
make install # (or gmake where applicable)
How to use
UEFI
The BOOTX64.EFI file is a vaild EFI application that can be simply copied to
the /EFI/BOOT directory of a FAT formatted EFI system partition. This file can
be installed there and coexist with a BIOS installation of Limine (see below) so
that the disk will be bootable on both BIOS and UEFI systems.
The boot device must to contain the limine.cfg file in
either the root or the boot directory of one of the partitions, formatted
with a supported file system (the ESP partition is recommended).
BIOS/MBR
In order to install Limine on a MBR device (which can just be a raw image file),
run limine-deploy as such:
limine-deploy <path to device/image>
The boot device must to contain the limine.sys and limine.cfg files in
either the root or the boot directory of one of the partitions, formatted
with a supported file system.
BIOS/GPT
If using a GPT formatted device, there are 2 options one can follow for installation:
- Specifying a dedicated stage 2 partition.
- Letting
limine-deployattempt to embed stage 2 within GPT structures.
In case one wants to specify a stage 2 partition, create a partition on the GPT
device of at least 32KiB in size, and pass the 1-based number of the partition
to limine-deploy as a second argument; such as:
limine-deploy <path to device/image> <1-based stage 2 partition number>
In case one wants to let limine-deploy embed stage 2 within GPT's structures,
simply omit the partition number, and invoke limine-deploy the same as one
would do for an MBR partitioned device.
The boot device must to contain the limine.sys and limine.cfg files in
either the root or the boot directory of one of the partitions, formatted
with a supported file system.
BIOS/UEFI hybrid ISO creation
In order to create a hybrid ISO with Limine, place the
limine-cd-efi.bin, limine-cd.bin, limine.sys, and limine.cfg files
into a directory which will serve as the root of the created ISO.
(limine.sys and limine.cfg must either be in the root or inside a boot
subdirectory; limine-cd-efi.bin and limine-cd.bin can reside
anywhere).
Place any other file you want to be on the final ISO in said directory, then run:
xorriso -as mkisofs -b <relative path of limine-cd.bin> \
-no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \
--efi-boot <relative path of limine-cd-efi.bin> \
-efi-boot-part --efi-boot-image --protective-msdos-label \
<root directory> -o image.iso
Note: xorriso is required.
And do not forget to also run limine-deploy on the generated image:
limine-deploy image.iso
<relative path of limine-cd.bin> is the relative path of
limine-cd.bin inside the root directory.
For example, if it was copied in <root directory>/boot/limine-cd.bin,
it would be boot/limine-cd.bin.
<relative path of limine-cd-efi.bin> is the relative path of
limine-cd-efi.bin inside the root directory.
For example, if it was copied in
<root directory>/boot/limine-cd-efi.bin, it would be
boot/limine-cd-efi.bin.
BIOS/PXE boot
The limine-pxe.bin binary is a valid PXE boot image.
In order to boot Limine from PXE it is necessary to setup a DHCP server with
support for PXE booting. This can either be accomplished using a single DHCP
server or your existing DHCP server and a proxy DHCP server such as dnsmasq.
limine.cfg and limine.sys are expected to be on the server used for boot.
Configuration
The limine.cfg file contains Limine's configuration.
An example limine.cfg file can be found in test/limine.cfg.
More info on the format of limine.cfg can be found in CONFIG.md.
Acknowledgments
Limine uses a stripped-down version of tinf.
Discord server
We have a Discord server if you need support, info, or you just want to hang out with us.