diff --git a/data/rus/Makefile b/data/rus/Makefile
index e4b2f9737..dc2463f40 100644
--- a/data/rus/Makefile
+++ b/data/rus/Makefile
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ include Makefile.copy
 # Special rules for copying sysfuncr.txt - it isn't directly included in the image.
 docpack: $(DOCDIR)SYSFUNCR.TXT
 $(DOCDIR)SYSFUNCR.TXT: $(KERNEL)/docs/sysfuncr.txt
-	cp $(KERNEL)/docs/sysfuncr.txt $(DOCDIR)SYSFUNCR.TXT
+	iconv -f utf-8 -t cp866 $(KERNEL)/docs/sysfuncr.txt $(DOCDIR)SYSFUNCR.TXT
 
 # Similar for C--.
 include Makefile.cmm
diff --git a/kernel/trunk/encoding.inc b/kernel/trunk/encoding.inc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c65375e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/trunk/encoding.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+; fetch the UTF-8 character in string+offs to char
+; common part for all encodings: translate pseudographics
+; Pseudographics for the boot screen:
+; 0x2500 -> 0xC4, 0x2502 -> 0xB3, 0x250C -> 0xDA, 0x2510 -> 0xBF,
+; 0x2514 -> 0xC0, 0x2518 -> 0xD9, 0x252C -> 0xC2, 0x2534 -> 0xC1, 0x2551 -> 0xBA
+macro fetch_utf8_char string, offs, char, graph
+{ local first_byte, b
+  virtual at 0
+    db string
+    if offs >= $
+      char = -1
+    else
+      ; fetch first byte
+      load first_byte byte from offs
+      if first_byte < 0x80
+        char = first_byte
+        offs = offs + 1
+      else if first_byte < 0xC0
+        .err Invalid UTF-8 string
+      else if first_byte < 0xE0
+        char = first_byte and 0x1F
+        load b byte from offs + 1
+        char = (char shl 6) + (b and 0x3F)
+        offs = offs + 2
+      else if first_byte < 0xF0
+        char = first_byte and 0xF
+        load b byte from offs + 1
+        char = (char shl 6) + (b and 0x3F)
+        load b byte from offs + 2
+        char = (char shl 6) + (b and 0x3F)
+        offs = offs + 3
+      else if first_byte < 0xF8
+        char = first_byte and 0x7
+        load b byte from offs + 1
+        char = (char shl 6) + (b and 0x3F)
+        load b byte from offs + 2
+        char = (char shl 6) + (b and 0x3F)
+        load b byte from offs + 3
+        char = (char shl 6) + (b and 0x3F)
+        offs = offs + 4
+      else
+        .err Invalid UTF-8 string
+      end if
+    end if
+  end virtual
+  if char = 0x2500
+    graph = 0xC4
+  else if char = 0x2502
+    graph = 0xB3
+  else if char = 0x250C
+    graph = 0xDA
+  else if char = 0x2510
+    graph = 0xBF
+  else if char = 0x2514
+    graph = 0xC0
+  else if char = 0x2518
+    graph = 0xD9
+  else if char = 0x252C
+    graph = 0xC2
+  else if char = 0x2534
+    graph = 0xC1
+  else if char = 0x2551
+    graph = 0xBA
+  else
+    graph = 0
+  end if
+}
+
+; Russian: use CP866.
+; 0x00-0x7F - trivial map
+; 0x410-0x43F -> 0x80-0xAF
+; 0x440-0x44F -> 0xE0-0xEF
+; 0x401 -> 0xF0, 0x451 -> 0xF1
+macro cp866 [arg]
+{ local offs, char, graph
+  offs = 0
+  while 1
+    fetch_utf8_char arg, offs, char, graph
+    if char = -1
+      break
+    end if
+    if graph
+      db graph
+    else if char < 0x80
+      db char
+    else if char = 0x401
+      db 0xF0
+    else if char = 0x451
+      db 0xF1
+    else if (char < 0x410) | (char > 0x44F)
+      .err Failed to convert to CP866
+    else if char < 0x440
+      db char - 0x410 + 0x80
+    else
+      db char - 0x440 + 0xE0
+    end if
+  end while
+}
+
+; Latin-1 encoding
+; 0x00-0xFF - trivial map
+macro latin1 [arg]
+{ local offs, char, graph
+  offs = 0
+  while 1
+    fetch_utf8_char arg, offs, char, graph
+    if char = -1
+      break
+    end if
+    if graph
+      db graph
+    else if char < 0x100
+      db char
+    else
+      .err Failed to convert to Latin-1
+    end if
+  end while
+}
+
+; CP850 encoding
+macro cp850 [arg]
+{ local offs, char, graph
+  offs = 0
+  while 1
+    fetch_utf8_char arg, offs, char, graph
+    if char = -1
+      break
+    end if
+    if graph
+      db graph
+    else if char < 0x80
+      db char
+    else if char = 0xBF
+      db 0xA8
+    else if char = 0xE1
+      db 0xA0
+    else if char = 0xE9
+      db 0x82
+    else if char = 0xED
+      db 0xA1
+    else if char = 0xF3
+      db 0xA2
+    else if char = 0xFA
+      db 0xA3
+    else
+      err Failed to convert to CP850
+    end if
+  end while
+}