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haiku/docs/develop/packages/FileFormat.rst
Alexander G. M. Smith a22fa0c977 package kit: Add pre-uninstall scripts feature. 
Just like post-install scripts which run shortly after a package is
installed, pre-uninstall scripts are run just before a package is
removed.  Implements enhancement #13427

* Fix script exit code handling vs script launch errors.
* Bump package and repo file version numbers due to new attribute,
  unfortunately makes new .hpkg files not backwards compatible.
* Add pre-uninstall functionality, mostly cloning the post-install
  except in a few places.
* Discover that _RunQueuedScripts() is never called, a future TODO:?
* Update package documentation for pre-uninstall scripts, and use of
  the boot/post-install directory.

Change-Id: I45596255ce74bc102f6e5b606cbf83e4e4347a17
Reviewed-on: https://review.haiku-os.org/c/haiku/+/1504
Reviewed-by: Alexander G. M. Smith <agmsmith@ncf.ca>
Reviewed-by: Adrien Destugues <pulkomandy@gmail.com>
2020-09-21 10:47:57 +00:00

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=========================
Haiku Package File Format
=========================
.. contents::
:depth: 2
:backlinks: none
This document specifies the Haiku Package (HPKG) file format, which was designed
for efficient use by Haiku's package file system. It is somewhat inspired by the
`XAR format`_ (separate TOC and data heap), but aims for greater compactness
(no XML for the TOC).
.. _XAR format: http://code.google.com/p/xar/
Three stacked format layers can be identified:
- A generic container format for structured data.
- An archive format specifying how file system data are stored in the container.
- A package format, extending the archive format with attributes for package
management.
The Data Container Format
=========================
A HPKG file consists of four sections:
Header
Identifies the file as HPKG file and provides access to the other sections.
Heap
Contains arbitrary (mostly unstructured) data referenced by the next two
sections.
TOC (table of contents)
The main section, containing structured data with references to unstructured
data in the heap section.
Package Attributes
A section similar to the TOC. Rather than describing the data contained in
the file, it specifies meta data of the package as a whole.
The TOC and Package Attributes sections aren't really separate sections, as they
are stored at the end of the heap.
All numbers in the HPKG are stored in big endian format or `LEB128`_ encoding.
.. _LEB128: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEB128
Header
------
The header has the following structure::
struct hpkg_header {
uint32 magic;
uint16 header_size;
uint16 version;
uint64 total_size;
uint16 minor_version;
uint16 heap_compression;
uint32 heap_chunk_size;
uint64 heap_size_compressed;
uint64 heap_size_uncompressed;
uint32 attributes_length;
uint32 attributes_strings_length;
uint32 attributes_strings_count;
uint32 reserved1;
uint64 toc_length;
uint64 toc_strings_length;
uint64 toc_strings_count;
};
magic
The string 'hpkg' (B_HPKG_MAGIC).
header_size
The size of the header. This is also the absolute offset of the heap.
version
The version of the HPKG format the file conforms to. The current version is
2 (B_HPKG_VERSION).
total_size
The total file size.
minor_version
The minor version of the HPKG format the file conforms to. The current minor
version is 1 (B_HPKG_MINOR_VERSION). Additions of new attributes to the
attributes or TOC sections should generally only increment the minor version.
When a file with a greater minor version is encountered, the reader should
ignore unknown attributes.
..
heap_compression
Compression format used for the heap.
heap_chunk_size
The size of the chunks the uncompressed heap data are divided into.
heap_size_compressed
The compressed size of the heap. This includes all administrative data (the
chunk size array).
heap_size_uncompressed
The uncompressed size of the heap. This is only the size of the raw data
(including the TOC and attributes section), not including administrative data
(the chunk size array).
..
attributes_length
The uncompressed size of the package attributes section.
attributes_strings_length
The size of the strings subsection of the package attributes section.
attributes_strings_count
The number of entries in the strings subsection of the package attributes
section.
..
reserved1
Reserved for later use.
..
toc_length
The uncompressed size of the TOC section.
toc_strings_length
The size of the strings subsection of the TOC section.
toc_strings_count
The number of entries in the strings subsection of the TOC section.
Heap
----
The heap provides storage for arbitrary data. Data from various sources are
concatenated without padding or separator, forming the uncompressed heap. A
specific section of data is usually referenced (e.g. in the TOC and attributes
sections) by an offset and the number of bytes. These references always point
into the uncompressed heap, even if the heap is actually stored in a compressed
format. The ``heap_compression`` field in the header specifies which format is
used. The following values are defined:
= ======================= =======================
0 B_HPKG_COMPRESSION_NONE no compression
1 B_HPKG_COMPRESSION_ZLIB zlib (LZ77) compression
= ======================= =======================
The uncompressed heap data are divided into equally sized chunks (64 KiB). The
last chunk in the heap may have a different uncompressed length from the
preceding chunks. The uncompressed length of the last chunk can be derived. Each
individual chunk may be stored compressed or not.
Unless B_HPKG_COMPRESSION_NONE is specified, a uint16 array at the end of the
heap contains the actual in-file (compressed) size of each chunk (minus 1 -- 0
means 1 byte), save for the last one, which is omitted since it is implied. A
chunk is only stored compressed, if compression actually saves space. That is
if the chunk's compressed size equals its uncompressed size, the data aren't
compressed. If B_HPKG_COMPRESSION_NONE is specified, the chunk size table is
omitted entirely.
The TOC and the package attributes sections are stored (in this order) at the
end of the uncompressed heap. The offset of the package attributes section data
is therefore ``heap_size_uncompressed - attributes_length`` and the offset of
the TOC section data
``heap_size_uncompressed - attributes_length - toc_length``.
TOC
---
The TOC section contains a list of attribute trees. An attribute has an ID, a
data type, and a value, and can have child attributes. E.g.:
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_SHOPPING_LIST : string : "bakery"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_ITEM : string : "rye bread"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_ITEM : string : "bread roll"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_COUNT : int : 10
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_ITEM : string : "cookie"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_COUNT : int : 5
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_SHOPPING_LIST : string : "hardware store"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_ITEM : string : "hammer"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_ITEM : string : "nail"
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_SIZE : int : 10
- ATTRIBUTE_ID_COUNT : int : 100
The main TOC section refers to any attribute by its unique ID (see below) and
stores the attribute's value, either as a reference into the heap or as inline
data.
An optimization exists for shared string attribute values. A string value used
by more than one attribute is stored in the strings subsection and is referenced
by an index.
Hence the TOC section consists of two subsections:
Strings
A table of commonly used strings.
Main TOC
The attribute trees.
Attribute Data Types
`````````````````````
These are the specified data type values for attributes:
= ============================= =================
0 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID invalid
1 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INT signed integer
2 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_UINT unsigned integer
3 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_STRING UTF-8 string
4 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_RAW raw data
= ============================= =================
Strings
```````
The strings subsections consists of a list of null-terminated UTF-8 strings. The
section itself is terminated by a 0 byte.
Each string is implicitly assigned the (null-based) index at which it appears in
the list, i.e. the nth string has the index n - 1. The string is referenced by
this index in the main TOC subsection.
Main TOC
````````
The main TOC subsection consists of a list of attribute entries terminated by a
0 byte. An attribute entry is stored as:
Attribute tag
An unsigned LEB128 encoded number.
Attribute value
The value of the attribute encoded as described below.
Attribute child list
Only if this attribute is marked to have children: A list of attribute entries
terminated by a 0 byte.
The attribute tag encodes four pieces of information::
(encoding << 11) + (hasChildren << 10) + (dataType << 7) + id + 1
encoding
Specifies the encoding of the attribute value as described below.
hasChildren
1, if the attribute has children, 0 otherwise.
dataType
The data type of the attribute (B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE\_...).
id
The ID of the attribute (B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID\_...).
Attribute Values
````````````````
A value of each of the data types can be encoded in different ways, which is
defined by the encoding value:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INT and B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_UINT:
= ==================================== ============
0 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_INT_8_BIT int8/uint8
1 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_INT_16_BIT int16/uint16
2 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_INT_32_BIT int32/uint32
3 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_INT_64_BIT int64/uint64
= ==================================== ============
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_STRING:
= ======================================= ==================================
0 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_STRING_INLINE null-terminated UTF-8 string
1 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_STRING_TABLE unsigned LEB128: index into string
table
= ======================================= ==================================
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_RAW:
= ==================================== =======================================
0 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_RAW_INLINE unsigned LEB128: size; followed by raw
bytes
1 B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING_RAW_HEAP unsigned LEB128: size; unsigned LEB128:
offset into the uncompressed heap
= ==================================== =======================================
Package Attributes
------------------
The package attributes section contains a list of attribute trees, just like the
TOC section. The structure of this section follows the TOC, i.e. there's a
subsection for shared strings and a subsection that stores a list of attribute
entries terminated by a 0 byte. An entry has the same format as the ones in the
TOC (only using different attribute IDs).
The Archive Format
==================
This section specifies how file system objects (files, directories, symlinks)
are stored in a HPKG file. It builds on top of the container format, defining
the types of attributes, their order, and allowed values.
E.g. a "bin" directory, containing a symlink and a file::
bin 0 2009-11-13 12:12:09 drwxr-xr-x
awk 0 2009-11-13 12:11:16 lrwxrwxrwx -> gawk
gawk 301699 2009-11-13 12:11:16 -rwxr-xr-x
could be represented by this attribute tree:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DIR_ENTRY : string : "bin"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_TYPE : uint : 1 (0x1)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_MTIME : uint : 1258110729 (0x4afd3f09)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DIR_ENTRY : string : "awk"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_TYPE : uint : 2 (0x2)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_MTIME : uint : 1258110676 (0x4afd3ed4)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_SYMLINK_PATH : string : "gawk"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DIR_ENTRY : string : "gawk"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_PERMISSIONS : uint : 493 (0x1ed)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_MTIME : uint : 1258110676 (0x4afd3ed4)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DATA : raw : size: 301699, offset: 0
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE : string : "BEOS:APP_VERSION"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE : uint : 1095782486 (0x41505056)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DATA : raw : size: 680, offset: 301699
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE : string : "BEOS:TYPE"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE : uint : 1296649555 (0x4d494d53)
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DATA : raw : size: 35, offset: 302379
Attribute IDs
-------------
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DIRECTORY_ENTRY ("dir:entry")
:Type: string
:Value: File name of the entry.
:Allowed Values: Any valid file (not path!) name, save "." and "..".
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_TYPE: The file type of the entry.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_PERMISSIONS: The file permissions of the entry.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_USER: The owning user of the entry.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_GROUP: The owning group of the entry.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATIME[_NANOS]: The entry's file access time.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_MTIME[_NANOS]: The entry's file modification
time.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_CRTIME[_NANOS]: The entry's file creation time.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE: An extended file attribute associated
with entry.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DATA: Only if the entry is a file: The file data.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_SYMLINK_PATH: Only if the entry is a symlink: The path
the symlink points to.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DIRECTORY_ENTRY: Only if the entry is a directory: A
child entry in that directory.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_TYPE ("file\:type")
:Type: uint
:Value: Type of the entry.
:Allowed Values:
= ========================== =========
0 B_HPKG_FILE_TYPE_FILE file
1 B_HPKG_FILE_TYPE_DIRECTORY directory
2 B_HPKG_FILE_TYPE_SYMLINK symlink
= ========================== =========
:Default Value: B_HPKG_FILE_TYPE_FILE
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_PERMISSIONS ("file\:permissions")
:Type: uint
:Value: File permissions.
:Allowed Values: Any valid permission mask.
:Default Value:
- For files: 0644 (octal).
- For directories: 0755 (octal).
- For symlinks: 0777 (octal).
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_USER ("file\:user")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of the user owning the file.
:Allowed Values: Any non-empty string.
:Default Value: The user owning the installation location where the package is
activated.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_GROUP ("file\:group")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of the group owning the file.
:Allowed Values: Any non-empty string.
:Default Value: The group owning the installation location where the package
is activated.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATIME ("file\:atime")
:Type: uint
:Value: File access time (seconds since the Epoch).
:Allowed Values: Any value.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATIME_NANOS ("file\:mtime:nanos")
:Type: uint
:Value: The nano seconds fraction of the file access time.
:Allowed Values: Any value in [0, 999999999].
:Default Value: 0
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_MTIME ("file\:mtime")
:Type: uint
:Value: File modified time (seconds since the Epoch).
:Allowed Values: Any value.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_MTIME_NANOS ("file\:mtime:nanos")
:Type: uint
:Value: The nano seconds fraction of the file modified time.
:Allowed Values: Any value in [0, 999999999].
:Default Value: 0
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_CRTIME ("file\:crtime")
:Type: uint
:Value: File creation time (seconds since the Epoch).
:Allowed Values: Any value.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_CRTIM_NANOS ("file\:crtime:nanos")
:Type: uint
:Value: The nano seconds fraction of the file creation time.
:Allowed Values: Any value in [0, 999999999].
:Default Value: 0
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE ("file\:attribute")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of the extended file attribute.
:Allowed Values: Any valid attribute name.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE: The type of the file attribute.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DATA: The file attribute data.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE ("file\:attribute:type")
:Type: uint
:Value: Type of the file attribute.
:Allowed Values: Any value in [0, 0xffffffff].
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DATA ("data")
:Type: data
:Value: Raw data of a file or attribute.
:Allowed Values: Any value.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_SYMLINK_PATH ("symlink:path")
:Type: string
:Value: The path the symlink refers to.
:Allowed Values: Any valid symlink path.
:Default Value: Empty string.
:Child Attributes: none
TOC Attributes
--------------
The TOC can directly contain any number of attributes of the
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_DIRECTORY_ENTRY type, which in turn contain descendant
attributes as specified in the previous section. Any other attributes are
ignored.
The Package Format
==================
This section specifies how informative package attributes (package-name,
version, provides, requires, ...) are stored in a HPKG file. It builds on top of
the container format, defining the types of attributes, their order, and allowed
values.
E.g. a ".PackageInfo" file, containing a package description that is being
converted into a package file::
name mypackage
version 0.7.2-1
architecture x86
summary "is a very nice package"
description "has lots of cool features\nand is written in MyC++"
vendor "Me, Myself & I, Inc."
packager "me@test.com"
copyrights { "(C) 2009-2011, Me, Myself & I, Inc." }
licenses { "Me, Myself & I Commercial License"; "MIT" }
provides {
cmd:me
lib:libmyself = 0.7
}
requires {
haiku >= r1
wget
}
could be represented by this attribute tree:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_NAME : string : "mypackage"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR : string : "0"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR : string : "7"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MICRO : string : "2"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_REVISION : uint : 1
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE : uint : 1
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_SUMMARY : string : "is a very nice package"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION : string : "has lots of cool features
\nand is written in MyC++"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VENDOR : string : "Me, Myself & I, Inc."
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PACKAGER : string : "me@test.com"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_COPYRIGHT : string : "(C) 2009-2011, Me, Myself &
I, Inc."
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_LICENSE : string : "Me, Myself & I Commercial
License"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_LICENSE : string : "MIT"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PROVIDES : string : "cmd:me"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PROVIDES : string : "lib:libmyself"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR : string : "0"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR : string : "7"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_REQUIRES : string : "haiku"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OPERATOR : uint : 4
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR : string : "r1"
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_REQUIRES : string : "wget"
.. _The Package Format/Attribute IDs:
Attribute IDs
-------------
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_NAME ("package:name")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of the package.
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+, with
<entity_name_char> being any character but '-', '/', '=', '!', '<', '>', or
whitespace.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_SUMMARY ("package:summary")
:Type: string
:Value: Short description of the package.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION ("package:description")
:Type: string
:Value: Long description of the package.
:Allowed Values: Any string (may contain multiple lines).
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VENDOR ("package:vendor")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of the person/organization that is publishing this package.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PACKAGER ("package:packager")
:Type: string
:Value: E-Mail address of person that created this package.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string, but e-mail preferred.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_BASE_PACKAGE ("package:base-package")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of the package that is the base package for this package. The
base package must also be listed as a requirement for this package (cf.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_REQUIRES). The package manager shall ensure that
this package is installed in the same installation location as its base
package.
:Allowed Values: Valid package names.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_FLAGS ("package:flags")
:Type: uint
:Value: Set of boolean flags applying to package.
:Allowed Values: Any combination of the following.
= ============================== ==========================================
1 B_PACKAGE_FLAG_APPROVE_LICENSE this package's license requires approval
(i.e. must be shown to and acknowledged by
user before installation)
2 B_PACKAGE_FLAG_SYSTEM_PACKAGE this is a system package (i.e. lives under
/boot/system)
= ============================== ==========================================
:Default Value: 0
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE ("package:architecture")
:Type: uint
:Value: System architecture this package was built for.
:Allowed Values:
= =============================== =========================================
0 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_ANY this package doesn't depend on the system
architecture
1 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_X86 x86, 32-bit, built with gcc4
2 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_X86_GCC2 x86, 32-bit, built with gcc2
3 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_SOURCE source code, doesn't depend on the system
architecture
4 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_X86_64 x86-64
5 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_PPC PowerPC
6 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_ARM ARM
7 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_M68K m68k
8 B_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE_SPARC sparc
= =============================== =========================================
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR ("package:version.major")
:Type: string
:Value: Major (first) part of package version.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string, composed of <alphanum_underline>
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR: The minor part of the package
version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MICRO: The micro part of the package
version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_PRE_RELEASE: The pre-release part of
the package version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_REVISION: The revision part of the
package version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR ("package:version.minor")
:Type: string
:Value: Minor (second) part of package version.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string, composed of <alphanum_underline>.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MICRO ("package:version.micro")
:Type: string
:Value: Micro (third) part of package version.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string, composed of
<alphanum_underline_dot>.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_PRE_RELEASE ("package:version.prerelease")
:Type: string
:Value: Pre-release (fourth) part of package version. Typically something like
"alpha1", "beta2", "rc3".
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string, composed of
<alphanum_underline_dot>.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_REVISION ("package:version.revision")
:Type: uint
:Value: Revision (fifth) part of package version.
:Allowed Values: Any integer greater than 0.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_COPYRIGHT ("package:copyright")
:Type: string
:Value: Copyright applying to the software contained in this package.
:Allowed Values: Any (preferably single-lined) string.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_LICENSE ("package:license")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of license applying to the software contained in this package.
:Allowed Values: Any single-lined string.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_URL ("package:url")
:Type: string
:Value: URL of the packaged software's project home page.
:Allowed Values: A regular URL or an email-like named URL (e.g.
"Project Foo <http://foo.example.com>").
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_SOURCE_URL ("package:source-url")
:Type: string
:Value: URL of the packaged software's source code or build instructions.
:Allowed Values: A regular URL or an email-like named URL (e.g.
"Project Foo <http://foo.example.com>").
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PROVIDES ("package:provides")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of a (optionally typed) entity that is being provided by this
package.
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR: The major part of the resolvable
version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PROVIDES_COMPATIBLE: The major part of the
resolvable compatible version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PROVIDES_COMPATIBLE ("package:provides.compatible")
:Type: string
:Value: Major (first) part of the resolvable compatible version, structurally
identical to B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR.
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR: The minor part of the resolvable
compatible version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MICRO: The micro part of the resolvable
compatible version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_PRE_RELEASE: The pre-release part of
the resolvable compatible version.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_REVISION: The revision part of the
resolvable compatible version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_REQUIRES ("package:requires")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of an entity that is required by this package (and hopefully
being provided by another).
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OPERATOR: The resolvable operator as
int.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR: The major part of the resolvable
version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OPERATOR ("package:resolvable.operator")
:Type: uint
:Value: Comparison operator for versions.
:Allowed Values:
= ===================================== ===================================
0 B_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OP_LESS less than the specified version
1 B_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OP_LESS_EQUAL less than or equal to the specified
version
2 B_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OP_EQUAL equal to the specified version
3 B_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OP_NOT_EQUAL not equal to the specified version
4 B_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OP_GREATER_EQUAL greater than the specified version
5 B_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OP_GREATER greater than or equal to the
specified version
= ===================================== ===================================
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_SUPPLEMENTS ("package:supplements")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of an entity that is supplemented by this package (i.e. this
package will automatically be selected for installation if the supplemented
resolvables are already installed).
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OPERATOR: The resolvable operator as
int.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR: The major part of the resolvable
version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_CONFLICTS ("package:conflicts")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of an entity that this package conflicts with (i.e. only one of
both can be installed at any time).
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OPERATOR: The resolvable operator as
int.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR: The major part of the resolvable
version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_FRESHENS ("package:freshens")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of an entity that is being freshened by this package (i.e. this
package will patch one or more files of the package that provide this
resolvable).
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_RESOLVABLE_OPERATOR: The resolvable operator as
int.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR: The major part of the resolvable
version.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_REPLACES ("package:replaces")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of an entity that is being replaced by this package (used if the
name of a package changes, or if a package has been split).
:Allowed Values: Any string matching <entity_name_char>+.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_CHECKSUM ("package:checksum")
:Type: string
:Value: SHA256-chechsum of this package, in hexdump format. N.B.: this
attribute can only be found in package repository files, not in package
files.
:Allowed Values: 64-bytes of hexdump.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_GLOBAL_WRITABLE_FILE ("package:global-writable-file")
:Type: string
:Value: Relative path of a global writable file either included in the package
or created by the included software. If the file is included in the package,
it will be installed upon activation. In this case the attribute must
contain a B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_WRITABLE_FILE_UPDATE_TYPE child
attribute. The file may actually be a directory, which is indicated by the
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_IS_WRITABLE_DIRECTORY child attribute.
:Allowed Values: Installation location relative path (e.g. "settings/...").
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_WRITABLE_FILE_UPDATE_TYPE: Specifies what to do
with the writable file on package update.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_IS_WRITABLE_DIRECTORY: Specifies whether the
file is actually a directory.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_SETTINGS_FILE ("package:user-settings-file")
:Type: string
:Value: Relative path of a user settings file created by the included software
or required by the software to be created by the user. The file may actually
be a directory, which is indicated by the
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_IS_WRITABLE_DIRECTORY child attribute.
:Allowed Values: Installation location relative path (i.e. "settings/...").
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_SETTINGS_FILE_TEMPLATE: A template for the
settings file.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_IS_WRITABLE_DIRECTORY: Specifies whether the
file is actually a directory.
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_WRITABLE_FILE_UPDATE_TYPE ("package:writable-file-update-type")
:Type: uint
:Value: Specifies what to do on package update when the writable file provided
by the package has been changed by the user.
:Allowed Values:
= ====================================== ==================================
0 B_WRITABLE_FILE_UPDATE_TYPE_KEEP_OLD the old file shall be kept
1 B_WRITABLE_FILE_UPDATE_TYPE_MANUAL the old file needs to be updated
manually
2 B_WRITABLE_FILE_UPDATE_TYPE_AUTO_MERGE an automatic three-way merge shall
be attempted
= ====================================== ==================================
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_IS_WRITABLE_DIRECTORY ("package:is-writable-directory")
:Type: uint
:Value: Specifies whether the parent global writable file or user settings file attribute actually refers to a directory.
:Allowed Values:
= ===========================================
0 The parent attribute refers to a file.
1 The parent attribute refers to a directory.
= ===========================================
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_SETTINGS_FILE_TEMPLATE ("package:settings-file-template")
:Type: string
:Value: Relative path of an included template file for the user settings file.
:Allowed Values: Installation location relative path of a file included in the
package.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER ("package:user")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of a user required by the package. Upon package activation the
user will be created, if necessary.
:Allowed Values: Any valid user name, i.e. must be non-empty composed of
<alphanum_underline>.
:Child Attributes:
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_REAL_NAME: The user's real name.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_HOME: The user's home directory.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_SHELL: The user's shell.
- B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_GROUP: The user's group(s).
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_REAL_NAME ("package:user.real-name")
:Type: string
:Value: The real name of the user.
:Allowed Values: Any string.
:Default Value: The user name.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_HOME ("package:user.home")
:Type: string
:Value: The path to the home directory of the user.
:Allowed Values: Any valid path.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_SHELL ("package:user.shell")
:Type: string
:Value: The path to the shell to be used for the user.
:Allowed Values: Any valid path.
:Default Value: "/bin/bash".
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_USER_GROUP ("package:user.group")
:Type: string
:Value: A group the user belongs to. At least one must be specified.
:Allowed Values: Any valid group name, i.e. must be non-empty composed of
<alphanum_underline>.
:Default Value: The default group for users.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_GROUP ("package:group")
:Type: string
:Value: Name of a group required by the package. Upon package activation the
group will be created, if necessary.
:Allowed Values: Any valid group name, i.e. must be non-empty composed of
<alphanum_underline>.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_POST_INSTALL_SCRIPT ("package:post-install-script")
:Type: string
:Value: Relative path of a script that shall be executed after package
activation.
:Allowed Values: Installation location relative path of a file included in the
package. Must start with "boot/post-install/", so besides being run after
package installation, it also gets run on the first boot after the OS is
installed.
:Child Attributes: none
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE_PRE_UNINSTALL_SCRIPT ("package:pre-uninstall-script")
:Type: string
:Value: Relative path of a script that shall be executed before package
deactivation.
:Allowed Values: Installation location relative path of a file included in
the package. For consistency, it is recommended to start with
"boot/pre-uninstall/".
:Child Attributes: none
Haiku Package Repository Format
===============================
Very similar to the package format, there's a Haiku Package Repository (HPKR)
file format. Such a file contains informative attributes about the package
repository and package attributes for all packages contained in the repository.
However, this format does not contain any files.
Two stacked format layers can be identified:
- A generic container format for structured data.
- A package format, extending the archive format with attributes for package
management.
The Data Container Format
-------------------------
A HPKR file consists of three sections:
Header
Identifies the file as HPKR file and provides access to the other sections.
Heap
Contains the next two sections.
Repository Info
A section containing an archived BMessage of a BRepositoryInfo object.
Package Attributes
A section just like the package attributes section of the HPKG, only that this
section contains the package attributes of all the packages contained in the
repository (not just one).
The Repository Info and Package Attributes sections aren't really separate
sections, as they are stored at the end of the heap.
Header
``````
The header has the following structure::
struct hpkg_repo_header {
uint32 magic;
uint16 header_size;
uint16 version;
uint64 total_size;
uint16 minor_version;
// heap
uint16 heap_compression;
uint32 heap_chunk_size;
uint64 heap_size_compressed;
uint64 heap_size_uncompressed;
// repository info section
uint32 info_length;
uint32 reserved1;
// package attributes section
uint64 packages_length;
uint64 packages_strings_length;
uint64 packages_strings_count;
};
magic
The string 'hpkr' (B_HPKG_REPO_MAGIC).
header_size
The size of the header. This is also the absolute offset of the heap.
version
The version of the HPKR format the file conforms to. The current version is
2 (B_HPKG_REPO_VERSION).
total_size
The total file size.
minor_version
The minor version of the HPKR format the file conforms to. The current minor
version is 1 (B_HPKG_REPO_MINOR_VERSION). Additions of new attributes to the
attributes section should generally only increment the minor version. When a
file with a greater minor version is encountered, the reader should ignore
unknown attributes.
..
heap_compression
Compression format used for the heap.
heap_chunk_size
The size of the chunks the uncompressed heap data are divided into.
heap_size_compressed
The compressed size of the heap. This includes all administrative data (the
chunk size array).
heap_size_uncompressed
The uncompressed size of the heap. This is only the size of the raw data
(including the repository info and attributes section), not including
administrative data (the chunk size array).
..
info_length
The uncompressed size of the repository info section.
..
reserved1
Reserved for later use.
..
packages_length
The uncompressed size of the package attributes section.
packages_strings_length
The size of the strings subsection of the package attributes section.
packages_strings_count
The number of entries in the strings subsection of the package attributes
section.
Attribute IDs
-------------
The package repository format defines only the top-level attribute ID
B_HPKG_ATTRIBUTE_ID_PACKAGE. An attribute with that ID represents a package. Its
child attributes specify the various meta information for the package as defined
in the `The Package Format/Attribute IDs`_ section.
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