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<h1>Bash e Scripting</h1>
<p>"Scripting" é a técnica de encadear comandos formando um procedimento automatizado e salvar isso em arquivos texto, chamados "scripts". Sempre que você executa um script os comandos são processados um após o outro, como se você os digitasse num <a href="applications/terminal.html">Terminal</a>.<br />
Scripts podem executar simples comandos numa ordem específica, ou resultarem em sofisticadas peças de código que resolvem tarefas complexas.</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="bash" name="bash">O Bash</a></h2>
<p>Como os scripts naturalmente dependem bastante do shell em que são interpretados, você deve primeiro se familiarizar com o BASH, que é o utilizado pelo Haiku. Há muitas fontes de informação online já que este é um shell usado amplamente. Um belo documento é de Johan Jansson <a href="http://www.beforever.com/bashtut.htm" class="printurl">Introduction to bash - a tutorial for bash under BeOS</a>.</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="scripting-bible" name="scripting-bible">A Bíblia do Scripting</a></h2>
<p>Depois de ter aprendido umas noções básicas sobre como trabalhar no shell, é hora de lentamente adentrar no mundo do scripting. Novamente, você encontrará muitos tutoriais e materiais de referência online como também em livrarias. Uma introdução muito boa que foi praticamente feita sob medida para o Haiku está disponível online, é o <a href="http://www.birdhouse.org/beos/bible/bos/ch_scripting1.html" class="printurl">capítulo sobre scripting</a> (<a href="http://www.birdhouse.org/beos/bible/bos/BeOS.scripting.PDF">PDF, 900kb</a>) do livro BeOS Bible de Scot Hacker.</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a><a id="user-scripts" name="user-scripts">Scripts no Haiku</a></h2>
<p>Haiku used to have scripts for booting and shutting down. Today it uses the <a href="https://dev.haiku-os.org/wiki/LaunchDaemon">launch_daemon</a> instead. However, the user can still augment this process with certain user scripts.
If they don't exist already, you'll have to create the needed files yourself. Otherwise simply add your commands where in the process you want them to be executed.</p>
<h3>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="userbootscript" name="userbootscript">O UserBootscript</a></h3>
<p><span class="path">/boot/home/config/settings/boot/UserBootscript</span> will be executed after the system has finished its boot process. For example, you could launch a number of programs that would then be automatically started on every boot up:</p>
<pre># Iniciar o LaunchBox
/boot/system/apps/LaunchBox &amp;
# Iniciar o Applet Workspaces
/boot/system/apps/Workspaces &amp;</pre>
<p>Lembre-se de terminar o comando com um "<tt>&amp;</tt>" para iniciá-lo como um processo em segundo plano (background process), ou o script ficará suspenso até este comando ter sido concluído (neste caso: o aplicativo aberto ser fechado novamente).</p>
<p>A simple alternative to the above for launching applications at boot up is to put links to them in the <span class="path">/boot/home/config/settings/boot/launch</span> directory. This can be done simply by right-clicking on the application you wish to have started automatically, going to <span class="menu">Create Link</span> and then <a href="tracker.html#navigating">navigating</a> to the above directory.</p>
<h3>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="usershutdownscript" name="usershutdownscript">O UserShutdownScript</a></h3>
<p><span class="path">/boot/home/config/settings/boot/UserShutdownScript</span> will be executed as the first step in the shutdown process. If the script returns a non-zero exit status, the shutdown is aborted.</p>
<h3>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="usershutdownfinishscript" name="usershutdownfinishscript">O UserShutdownFinishScript</a></h3>
<p><span class="path">/boot/home/config/settings/boot/UserShutdownFinishScript</span> is executed as the last step in the shutdown process. Note, that most parts of the system have terminated by the time this script is executed.</p>
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