183 lines
10 KiB
HTML
183 lines
10 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="ca" xml:lang="ca">
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<head>
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<!--
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*
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* Copyright 2008-2009, Haiku. All rights reserved.
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* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
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*
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* Authors:
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* Humdinger <humdingerb@gmail.com>
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* Translators:
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* Paco Rivière
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*
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<title>Atributs</title>
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<div id="banner">
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<div><span>Manual d'usuari</span></div>
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« <a href="filetypes.html">Tipus d'arxius</a>
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:: <a href="contents.html" class="uplink">Contingut</a>
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:: <a href="index.html">Índex</a> »
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<div id="content">
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<div>
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<div class="box-info">La traducció d'aquesta pàgina encara no està acabada. Fins que ho sigui, algunes part correspondrà a la versió anglesa.</div>
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<h1>Atributs</h1>
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<p>Els atributs són camps de dades que pertanyen a un fitxer, però no formen part d'aquest fitxer, per exemple, no es compten en la mida del fitxer i poden ser copiats o canviats sense tocar el propi fitxer. El sistema utilitza aquests atributs per emmagatzemar, per exemple, la mida del fitxer, tipus del fitxer o la data de l'última modificació. Això és similar a d'altres sistemes operatius i els seus sistemes de fitxers.</p>
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<p>La diferència és que podeu afegir qualsevol tipus d'atribut per a qualsevol fitxer i mostrar-ho o fer-ho editable a una finestra del Tracker. Només cal definir el tipus d'atribut que es vol afegir a un tipus de fitxer (per exemple, cadena, un enter o hora) i donar-li un nom i una descripció.</p>
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<p>The file itself doesn't even need any contents at all. Take a look at these People files for example:</p>
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<img src="images/attributes-images/people.png" alt="people.png" />
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<br />
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<p>As you can see, these are all 0-sized files with attached attributes, the E-mail attribute of "John Nox" being edited right in Tracker.</p>
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<p>If you index these attributes, as People, Email or audio files are by default, they are also searchable with Haiku's fast query system.</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="attributes-tracker" name="attributes-tracker">Atributs al Tracker</a></h2>
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<p>Attributes are displayed quite similar to a database or spreadsheet. Using Tracker you can choose which attributes to display (columns) and sort file listings (rows) accordingly.</p>
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<p>To do this, open a Tracker window, click on the <span class="menu">Attributes</span> menu, and select the attributes you want to display. Alternatively, simply right-click onto a column heading and mark the items in the context menu. You can rearrange the columns by a simple drag & drop of the column heading. Moving a column out of a window, is a fast way to get rid of columns you don't need.</p>
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<p>Double-click on the line between two attributes in the heading to automatically resize a column to its optimal width.</p>
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<p>Click on a column heading to toggle the sorting order from ascending to descending. You can establish a secondary sort order by pressing the <span class="key">SHIFT</span> key while clicking on a column heading. You can sort your People files by company and within that order sort by contact name, for instance. See the above screenshot as an example. The secondary sort order is marked by a lighter colored indicator beside the heading.</p>
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<p>Editing these attributes is as simple as renaming a file: Either click on an entry or press <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">E</span> and move between the attributes with <span class="key">TAB</span> and <span class="key">SHIFT</span> <span class="key">TAB</span>. <span class="key">ESC</span> leaves the editing mode without applying the changes.</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="attributes-terminal" name="attributes-terminal">Atributs al Terminal</a></h2>
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<p>If you prefer to use the commandline or plan to work with many files using scripting, there are several commands for controlling attributes from Terminal.</p>
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<h3>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="listattr" name="listattr">listattr</a></h3>
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<p><span class="cli">listattr</span> lists a file's attributes, but doesn't show the contents of the attributes.</p>
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<pre>usage: listattr 'filename' ['filename' ...]</pre>
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<p>Al nostre exemple de la captura anterior:</p>
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<pre class="terminal"> ~/people ->listattr Clara\\ Botters
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File: Clara Botters
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Type Size Name
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----------- --------- -------------------------------
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MIME String 21 "BEOS:TYPE"
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Text 14 "META:name"
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Text 6 "META:nickname"
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Text 1 "META:company"
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Text 18 "META:address"
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Text 8 "META:city"
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Text 1 "META:state"
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Text 1 "META:zip"
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Text 1 "META:country"
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Text 1 "META:hphone"
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Text 13 "META:wphone"
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Text 1 "META:fax"
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Text 19 "META:email"
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Text 1 "META:url"
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Text 5 "META:group"
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Raw Data 20 "_trk/pinfo_le"
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131 bytes total in attributes.</pre>
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<p>Besides all the "<tt>META:*</tt>" attributes that hold the contact's information, there are two attributes that are managed by the system:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p><tt>BEOS:TYPE</tt> holds the file type as a <acronym title="Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions">MIME</acronym> string, here "<tt>application/x-person</tt>". It determines the default icon and the application that opens the file when you e.g. double click it.</p></li>
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<li><p>"<tt>_trk/pinfo_le</tt>" is the attribute with which Tracker keeps track of a file's icon position.</p></li></ul>
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<div class="box-info">Note the backslash after "Clara". In Terminal you have to "escape" special characters like <tt>'"*\$?!</tt>. The space between "Clara" and "Botters" is also one of those. Therefore the backslash is really in front of the space character, and not after "Clara".</div>
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<h3>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="catattr" name="catattr">catattr</a></h3>
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<p><span class="cli">catattr</span> displays the contents of a specific attribute of a file.</p>
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<pre>usage: catattr [--raw|-r] attr_name file1 [file2...]</pre>
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<p>De nou el nostre exemple:</p>
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<pre class="terminal"> ~/people ->catattr META:city Clara\\ Botters
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Clara Botters : string : Whelton</pre>
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<h3>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="addattr" name="addattr">addattr</a></h3>
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<p><span class="cli">addattr</span> adds an attribute to a file and/or fills it with a value.</p>
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<pre>usage: addattr [-t type] attr value file1 [file2...]
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or: addattr [-f value-from-file] [-t type] attr file1 [file2...]
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Type is one of:
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string, mime, int, llong, float, double, bool, icon, raw
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or a numeric value (ie. 0x1234, 42, 'ABCD', ...)
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The default is "string"</pre>
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<p>So, say dear Clara took a job with the multi-national Barkelbaer Inc., you fill the formerly empty "Company" attribute with that data (which is of type "string"):</p>
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<pre class="terminal"> ~/people ->addattr -t string META:company Barkelbaer\\ Inc. Clara\\ Botters</pre>
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<h3>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="rmattr" name="rmattr">rmattr</a></h3>
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<p><span class="cli">rmattr</span> suprimeix totalment un atribut d'un fitxer.</p>
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<pre>usage: rmattr [-p] attr filename1 [filename2...]
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'attr' is the name of an attribute of the file
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If '-p' is specified, 'attr' is regarded as a pattern.</pre>
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<p>Though in all practicality it would be enough to just not fill the "Fax" attribute, you can completely remove it from Clara's file by typing:</p>
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<pre class="terminal"> ~/people ->rmattr META:fax Clara\\ Botters</pre>
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<h3>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="copyattr" name="copyattr">copyattr</a></h3>
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<p><span class="cli">copyattr</span> copies attributes from one or more files to another. By default, the actual contents of the file is <b>not</b> copied.</p>
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<pre>Usage: copyattr <options> <source> [ ... ] <destination></pre>
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<p>If you do want to copy the attributes plus the data of the file itself, you can add the option "<span class="cli">-d</span>" or "<span class="cli">--data</span>".</p>
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<p><br /></p>
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<p>More information on these commands and their options can be found by typing the command name followed by "<span class="cli">-h</span>" or "<span class="cli">--help</span>".</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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