haiku/docs/userguide/zh_CN/bootloader.html
Automatic Committer 64b20c9e12 Update userguide and translations
(note from waddlesplash: fixed xml:lang tags, responsive viewport
everywhere, CSS tweaks.)
2017-10-01 13:21:40 +02:00

171 lines
12 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="zh-CN" xml:lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<!--
*
* Copyright 2008-2015, Haiku. All rights reserved.
* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
*
* Authors:
* Humdinger <humdingerb@gmail.com>
* Translators:
* Pengphei Han
* dill
*
-->
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
<meta name="robots" content="all" />
<title>引导程序</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../Haiku-doc.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="banner">
<div><span>用户指南</span></div>
</div>
<div class="nav">
<div class="inner">
<ul class="lang-menu">
<li class="now"><img src="../images/flags/zh_CN.png" alt="" />  中文 [中文]</li>
<li><a href="../ca/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/ca.png" alt="" />Català</a></li>
<li><a href="../de/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/de.png" alt="" />Deutsch</a></li>
<li><a href="../en/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/gb.png" alt="" />English</a></li>
<li><a href="../es/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/es.png" alt="" />Español</a></li>
<li><a href="../fr/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/fr.png" alt="" />Français</a></li>
<li><a href="../it/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/it.png" alt="" />Italiano</a></li>
<li><a href="../hu/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/hu.png" alt="" />Magyar</a></li>
<li><a href="../pl/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/pl.png" alt="" />Polski</a></li>
<li><a href="../pt_PT/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_PT.png" alt="" />Português</a></li>
<li><a href="../pt_BR/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_BR.png" alt="" />Português (Brazil)</a></li>
<li><a href="../ro/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/ro.png" alt="" />Română</a></li>
<li><a href="../sk/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/sk.png" alt="" />Slovenčina</a></li>
<li><a href="../fi/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/fi.png" alt="" />Suomi</a></li>
<li><a href="../sv_SE/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/sv_SE.png" alt="" />Svenska</a></li>
<li><a href="../ru/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/ru.png" alt="" />Русский</a></li>
<li><a href="../uk/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/uk.png" alt="" />Українська</a></li>
<li><a href="../jp/bootloader.html"><img src="../images/flags/jp.png" alt="" />日本語</a></li>
</ul>
<span>
<!-- « <a href="installation.html">Installing Haiku</a>
:: -->
<a href="contents.html" class="uplink">内容</a>
:: <a href="filesystem-layout.html">文件系统布局</a> »
</span></div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div>
<div class="box-info">本节的翻译还未完成。在未完成之前,所有的未完成部分都将使用英语原文。</div>
<h1>引导程序</h1>
<p>Haiku 的系统引导程序可以帮助您解决遇到的硬件相关问题,或者用于选择通过 Haiku 的哪种安装方式来启动,如果您有多个引导介质(可以是 CD 光驱或 USB 盘安装)。此外,如果安装了某个软件组件导致系统无法启动,请查看下述的 <a href="#troubleshooting">故障诊断</a></p>
<p>为了进入引导程序选项,您需要在 Haiku 的启动进程开始前,持续按住 <span class="key">SHIFT</span> 键。如果已经安装了启动管理软件,您可以在进入 Haiku 启动调用之前开始按下 <span class="key">SHIFT</span> 键。如果Haiku是唯一的操作系统您可以在 BIOS 中显示启动消息时就开始按下该按键。</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="options" name="options">引导管理器选项</a></h2>
<p>进入选项之后,出现了下面四个菜单:</p>
<table summary="bootloader menus" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<tr><td><b>Select boot volume</b></td><td> </td><td>选择希望启动的 Haiku 版本或者安装。</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Select safe mode options</b><br />
</td><td> </td><td>在系统引导中遇到硬件问题时,可以尝试下面的几个选项。当选择条移动到某个选项时,在屏幕底部会显示相应的简短说明。</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td>
<p><span class="menu">Safe mode</span><br />
Puts the system into safe mode. This can be enabled independently from the other options.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable user add-ons</span><br />
Prevents all user installed add-ons from being loaded. Only the add-ons in the system directory will be used. See <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a> below.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable IDE DMA</span><br />
Disables IDE DMA, increasing IDE compatibility at the expense of performance.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Ignore memory beyond 4 GiB</span><br />
Ignores all memory beyond the 4 GiB address limit, overriding the setting in the kernel settings file.
</p>
<p><span class="menu">Use fail-safe graphics driver</span><br />
The system will use VESA mode and won't try to use any video graphics drivers.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable IO-APIC</span><br />
Disables using the IO APIC for interrupt routing, forcing the use of the legacy PIC instead.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable local APIC</span><br />
Disables using the local APIC, also disables SMP.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable SMP</span><br />
Disables all but one CPU core.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Don't call the BIOS</span><br />
Stops the system from calling BIOS functions.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable APM</span><br />
Disables Advanced Power Management hardware support, overriding the APM setting in the kernel settings file.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable ACPI</span><br />
Disables Advanced Configuration and Power Interface hardware support, overriding the ACPI setting in the kernel settings file.</p>
<p><span class="menu">Blacklist entries</span><br />
Allows to select system files that shall be ignored. Useful e.g. to disable drivers temporarily. See <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a> below.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Select debug options</b><br />
</td><td> </td><td>在这里,你会发现几个选项,它们用于调试或者获取<a href="../../welcome/en/bugreports.html">错误报告</a>的详细情况。同时,对于每个选项,在屏幕底部也都会出现相关的说明。</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td>
<p><span class="menu">Enable serial debug output</span><br />
打开并输出 syslog 信息到串口默认115200, 8N1</p>
<p><span class="menu">Enable on screen debug output</span><br />
在系统启动时,在屏幕显示调试信息,而不是常规的启动画面。</p>
<p><span class="menu">Disable on screen paging</span><br />
在屏幕调试输出启用时,禁用翻页效果。</p>
<p><span class="menu">Enable debug syslog</span><br />
为该回话启用特殊的内存日志缓存,在系统重启时供引导管理器访问。</p>
<p><span class="menu">Display current boot loader log</span><br />
显示引导管理器登陆调试信息(按下 <span class="key">Q</span> 退出登陆)</p>
<p><span class="menu">Add advanced debug option</span><br />
允许直接输入高级调试选项。</p></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td>如果激活了 "Enable debug syslog" ,那么在崩溃后,热启动后将提示如下附加选项:</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td> <p><span class="menu">Save syslog from previous session during boot</span><br />
在启动时保存前一次 Haiku 会话的 syslog 系统日志到 /var/log/previous_syslog 。</p>
<p><span class="menu">Display syslog from previous session</span><br />
显示前一次 Haiku 会话的 syslog 系统日志</p>
<p><span class="menu">Save syslog from previous session</span><br />
保存前一次 Haiku 会话的 syslog 系统日志到磁盘,目前仅支持 FAT32 分区。</p></td></tr>
<tr><td class="onelinetop"><b>Select screen resolution</b></td><td> </td><td>Lets you force a certain screen resolution and color depth.</td></tr>
</table>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="troubleshooting" name="troubleshooting">故障诊断</a></h2>
<p>如果 Haiku 从一开始就无法从您的硬件上进行启动,那么您需要尝试以下 <span class="menu">选择安全模式选项</span> 中的不同设置项。或者考虑提交一个 <a href="../welcome/en/bugreports.html">问题报告</a></p>
<p>换句话说如果在您安装完某些软件之后Haiku 突然无法启动,特别是一些硬件驱动,您可以通过一些设置让 Haiku 能够重新启动,然后通过卸载这些软件包来进行修复: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>激活 <span class="menu">Safe mode</span> 将会阻止多数的服务,后台以及 UserBootScript 启动。 </p></li>
<li><p>激活 <span class="menu">Disable user add-ons</span> 将会阻止所有在 Home 目录下用户目录中安装的附加组件(驱动,转换器,等)的使用。</p></li>
<li><p>如果一些恶意的驱动,附件组件等安装到了系统路径中,问题可能会有些复杂,因为这些位置都是只读的。下面的 <span class="menu">Blacklist entries</span> 将会起到作用。通过该菜单,您将能够导航并进入到任意的系统目录,然后通过 <span class="key">SPACE</span> 或者 <span class="key">RETURN</span> 选中并禁用那些造成问题的组件。<span class="key">ESC</span> 键用于返回到上级目录。</p>
<p>如何进行更多的设置,可以参考在线文档 <a href="http://www.haiku-os.org/blog/barrett/2013-12-15_how_permanently_blacklist_package_file">如何将包文件永久列入黑名单</a></p></li>
<li><p><span class="menu">Select boot volume</span> 菜单中,您可以指定希望启动的 Haiku 版本。每次在安装或者卸载矽统组件时,原有状态都将保存。您可以在引导管理器选项列表中选择对应的启动状态。
因此,如果在安装完某些包之后,出现了启动引导问题,您可以选择引导在问题出现以前的 Haiku 版本,并且卸载该软件包。</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="booting" name="booting">引导 Haiku</a></h2>
<p>在激活几个选项之后,返回主菜单,继续系统引导。开机界面如下:</p>
<img src="../images/bootloader-images/boot-screen.png" alt="boot-screen.png" />
<p>如果一切运行正常,那么所有的图标都将依此点亮。<br />
这些不同的符号大致对应了下面的启动步骤:</p>
<table summary="layout" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td><b>Atom</b></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td><td>系统组件初始化。</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Disk + magnifier</b></td><td> </td><td>创建文件系统 (<span class="path">/</span>) 和挂载硬件驱动 (<span class="path">/dev</span>).</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Plug-in card</b></td><td> </td><td>硬件管理初始化。</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Boot disk</b></td><td> </td><td>挂载启动磁盘。</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Chip</b></td><td> </td><td>CPU特定模块加载</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Folder</b></td><td> </td><td>子系统初始化。</td></tr>
<tr><td><b>Rocket</b></td><td> </td><td>Launch_daemon 启动系统</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nav">
<div class="inner"><span>
<!-- « <a href="installation.html">Installing Haiku</a>
:: -->
<a href="contents.html" class="uplink">内容</a>
:: <a href="filesystem-layout.html">文件系统布局</a> »
</span></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>