haiku/docs/userguide/zh_CN/bash-scripting.html
Joachim Seemer ad5e743e2b Update to user guide and welcome page. Introducing Portuguese and Chinese. Thanks to all translators\!
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<title>Bash 和脚本撰写</title>
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<div><span>User guide</span></div>
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<div class="box-info">The translation of this page isn't yet complete. Until it is, unfinished parts use the English original.</div>
<h1>Bash 和脚本撰写</h1>
<p>“撰写脚本”就是把命令组织成可以自动执行的程序,然后把它保存为文本文件,而该文件就称为“脚本”。每次执行脚本时,这些命令则依次执行,和您在 <a href="applications/terminal.html">Terminal</a> 中输入命令的顺序相同。<br />
脚本既可以用于执行一些简单的命令,也可以通过构建成熟的代码来解决复杂的任务。</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="bash" name="bash">Bash</a></h2>
<p>由于脚本非常依赖于它们的解释器Shell所以您必须非常地了解Haiku所使用的BASH。Bash的使用非常广泛所以网上的资源也非常多。其中 Johan Jansson 的 <a href="http://www.beforever.com/bashtut.htm" class="printurl">Introduction to bash - a tutorial for bash under BeOS</a>就是一个非常好的文档。</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="scripting-bible" name="scripting-bible">脚本圣经</a></h2>
<p>在您了解了Shell的基础之后您可以慢慢的让自己融入脚本的世界。同时您会在网上或者书店里找到许多相关的教程和参考资料。 其中有一个非常好的介绍资料就是 Scot Hacker的BeOS圣经 中的 <a href="http://www.birdhouse.org/beos/bible/bos/ch_scripting1.html" class="printurl">Scripting Chapter</a><a href="http://www.birdhouse.org/beos/bible/bos/BeOS.scripting.PDF">PDF, 900kb</a>),它是专为 Haiku 系统所定制的。</p>
<h2>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a><a id="user-scripts" name="user-scripts">Haiku中的脚本</a></h2>
<p>在Haiku系统中当然也会用到脚本其中系统的启动和关闭就是典型的脚本程序。这些确定的命令可以由用户脚本来进行扩充。<br />如果它们已经存在,您就需要自己来创建所需的文件。当然,你可以在脚本中适当的位置添加自己希望运行的命令。</p>
<h3>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="userbootscript" name="userbootscript">UserBootscript</a> 脚本</h3>
<p><span class="path">/boot/home/config/boot/UserBootscript</span> 脚本会在系统完成启动进程之后开始运行。例如,您可以在该脚本中添加一些命令来实现相关程序的自动启动:</p>
<pre># Start LaunchBox
/boot/system/apps/LaunchBox &amp;
# Start Workspaces Applet
/boot/system/apps/Workspaces &amp;</pre>
<p>需要注意的是,要在命令之后添加 "<tt>&amp;</tt>" 字符,使其作为后台进程运行,否则该脚本将会中止运行直到该命令完成 (这种情况下:已启动的程序将会被关闭)。</p>
<p>对于上述的启动程序,另一种方式是把它们的快捷方式放入 <span class="path">/boot/home/config/boot/launch</span> 目录。右键点击你希望自动启动的程序,选择 <span class="menu">Create Link</span> ,然后 <a href="tracker.html#navigating">navigating导航</a> 至上述目录。</p>
<h3>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="usershutdownscript" name="usershutdownscript">UserShutdownScript</a> 脚本</h3>
<p><span class="path">/boot/home/config/boot/UserShutdownScript</span> 是系统关机进程的第一个步骤。如果该脚本返回一个非零的结束状态,则系统关闭失败。</p>
<h3>
<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
<a id="usershutdownfinishscript" name="usershutdownfinishscript">UserShutdownFinishScript</a> 脚本</h3>
<p><span class="path">/boot/home/config/boot/UserShutdownFinishScript</span> 是结束进程的最后一个步骤。需要注意的是,在该脚本执行之前,大部分的系统进程已经终止。</p>
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