165 lines
12 KiB
HTML
165 lines
12 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
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<head>
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<!--
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*
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* Copyright 2008-2009, Haiku. All rights reserved.
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* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
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*
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* Authors:
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* Humdinger <humdingerb@gmail.com>
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* Translators:
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* Pengphei Han
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*
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-->
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
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<meta name="robots" content="all" />
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<title>查询</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../Haiku-doc.css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="banner">
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<div><span>用户指南</span></div>
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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<div class="inner">
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<ul class="lang-menu">
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<li class="now"><img src="../images/flags/zh_CN.png" alt="" /> 中文 ［中文］</li>
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<li><a href="../fr/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/fr.png" alt="" />Français</a></li>
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<li><a href="../de/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/de.png" alt="" />Deutsch</a></li>
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<li><a href="../it/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/it.png" alt="" />Italiano</a></li>
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<li><a href="../ru/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/ru.png" alt="" />Русский</a></li>
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<li><a href="../es/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/es.png" alt="" />Español</a></li>
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<li><a href="../sv_SE/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/sv_SE.png" alt="" />Svensk</a></li>
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<li><a href="../jp/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/jp.png" alt="" />日本語</a></li>
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<li><a href="../uk/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/uk.png" alt="" />Українська</a></li>
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<li><a href="../pt_PT/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_PT.png" alt="" />Português</a></li>
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<li><a href="../en/queries.html"><img src="../images/flags/gb.png" alt="" />English</a></li>
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</ul>
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<span>
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« <a href="index.html">索引</a>
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:: <a href="contents.html" class="uplink">内容</a>
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:: <a href="workshop-filetypes+attributes.html">操作讲解</a> »
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</span></div>
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</div>
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<div id="content">
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<div>
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<div class="box-info">本节的翻译还未完成。在未完成之前，所有的未完成部分都将使用英语原文。</div>
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<table class="index" id="index" summary="index">
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<tr class="heading"><td>索引</td></tr>
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<tr class="index"><td>
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<a href="#find-window">查询窗口</a><br />
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<a href="#basic-query">基本查询 - "使用名字"</a><br />
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<a href="#adv-query">标准查询 - "使用属性"</a><br />
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<a href="#more-adv-query">高级查询 - "使用表达式"</a><br />
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<a href="#result-window">结果窗口</a><br />
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<a href="#query-template">查询模板</a>
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</td></tr>
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</table>
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<h1>查询</h1>
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<p>查询是基于文件属性的文件搜索，可以在Tracker或者终端中进行。所有的查询保存在 <span class="path">/boot/home/queries/</span> ，并且保持七天才予以清除。需要注意的是，这些并不是您静态的搜索结果列表，而是查询的规则，当您打开它们时，将会再次进行搜索。
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<br />
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比较方便的是，您不需要双击来再次执行查询，而是可以<a href="tracker.html#navigating">深入</a>一个保存的查询，就如右键点击任何的文件夹，然后导航至相应的子菜单。</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="find-window" name="find-window">查询窗口</a></h2>
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<p>您可以从 <span class="menu">Find...</span> 菜单，桌面栏菜单，任何Tracker窗口，或者桌面（一个全屏的Tracker窗口）调用查询。对应的快捷键是 <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">F</span>。它将会呈现如下查找窗口：</p>
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<img src="images/queries-images/basic-query.png" alt="basic-query.png" />
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<ol>
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<li><p>选择最近或者保存的查询，或者保存当前的搜索参数为 <a href="#query-template">查询模板</a>。</p></li>
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<li><p>查询范围从 <span class="menu">All files and folders</span> 缩小到特定的文件类型。</p></li>
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<li>定义搜索方法：<ul>
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<li><span class="menu">by Name</span> - 基本搜索，基于文件或者文件夹名的查询</li>
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<li><span class="menu">by Attribute</span> - 标准搜索，基于一个或多个属性的查询</li>
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<li><span class="menu">by Formula</span> - 高级搜索，基于查询规则的复杂查询</li></ul></li>
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<li><p>选择所要搜索的目标驱动。</p></li>
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<li><p>输入搜索词。</p></li>
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<li><p>扩展项是否隐藏附加选项。</p></li>
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<li><p>如果您不希望查询保存7天，您可以不勾选 <span class="menu">Temporary</span> 复选框。</p></li>
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<li><p>如果您打算查询垃圾箱，您可以选中 <span class="menu">Include trash</span>。</p></li>
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<li><p>可选的，如果您希望保存查询，您可以输入名字为其命名。</p></li>
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<li><p>您可以拖拽图标到任何位置保存查询。右键点击查询文件，提供了选项将其保存为模板。</p></li>
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</ol>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="basic-query" name="basic-query">基本查询 - "使用名字"</a></h2>
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<p>If you simply want to find all files and folders on your mounted disks that match a certain pattern, simply leave the search method at <span class="menu">by Name</span>, enter the search term into the text box and press <span class="key">ENTER</span>.</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="adv-query" name="adv-query">标准查询 - "使用属性"</a></h2>
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<p>You can create more advanced queries by searching within the attributes of specific file types. For that to work, these attributes have to be <a href="index.html">indexed</a>.</p>
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<img src="images/queries-images/query-window.png" alt="query-window.png" />
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<p>You start by setting the filetype from <span class="menu">All files and folders</span> to, for example, <span class="menu">Text | E-mail</span> and change the search method to <span class="menu">by Attribute</span>.</p>
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<p>This adds a pop-up menu to the left of the textbox and the buttons <span class="button">Add</span> and <span class="button">Remove</span> under that. From the menu you choose which attribute to query. With <span class="button">Add</span> and <span class="button">Remove</span> you can query additional attributes or remove them again. These attributes can be logically linked with AND/OR.</p>
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<p>Let's do an email query as an example:</p>
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<img src="images/queries-images/query-window-filled.png" alt="query-window-filled.png" />
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<p>This is your Find window when you're looking for all emails Clara Botters has sent to you in the last two months that had in the subject "vibraphone" or "skepticality".<br />
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As you see, searching through time-based attributes supports some useful phrases: besides for the "last 2 months", you could also use "today", "yesterday", "Monday" or "last Monday" (which would be the Monday last week), or "last 2 minutes/hours/days/weeks".<br />
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A good way to cut down the number of search results.</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="more-adv-query" name="more-adv-query">高级查询 - "使用表达式"</a></h2>
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<p>Typing in a formula query by hand is daunting and really quite unpractical. It still has its uses.</p>
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<p>Take the above query by attribute of Clara's mails concerning vibraphones etc. If you have all the attributes and their search terms set, try switching to <span class="menu">by Formula</span> mode and be overwhelmed by this one line query string:</p>
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<img src="images/queries-images/formula-query.png" alt="formula-query.png" />
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<p>Once more as text, edited for readability:</p>
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<pre>(((((MAIL:from=="*[cC][lL][aA][rR][aA] [bB][oO][tT][tT][eE][rR][sS]*")
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&&(MAIL:when>=%2 months%))
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&&(MAIL:subject=="*[vV][iI][bB][rR][aA][pP][hH][oO][nN][eE]*"))
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||(MAIL:subject=="*[sS][kK][eE][pP][tT][iI][cC][aA][lL][iI][tT][yY]*"))
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&&(BEOS:TYPE=="text/x-email"))</pre>
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<p>What's the use?</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>You could copy and paste the string into an email, forum or IRC for others to use or debug.</p></li>
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<li><p>You can use this method to construct a query in <span class="menu">Attribute</span> mode and then switch to <span class="menu">Formula</span> mode, to comfortably generate a search string to use for a query in Terminal or a script.</p></li>
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<li><p>You can fine tune your query by inserting parenthesis where needed, make parts case-sensitive or negate logical combinations by changing. e.g. "<tt>==</tt>" to "<tt>!=</tt>" for a NOT AND. All you need is a basic understanding of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression" class="external free" title="Wikipedia: Regular expression">regular expressions</a> and maybe some scripting basics.</p></li>
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</ul>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="result-window" name="result-window">结果窗口</a></h2>
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<p>After you start a search, the Find window will be replaced by a result window. Here is an example that queried for "server":</p>
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<img src="images/queries-images/result-window.png" alt="result-window.png" />
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<p>Besides the gray background, result windows work exactly like any other Tracker window. Some things are worth noting:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>You can open the location of a file or folder by double clicking on its path attribute.</p></li>
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<li><p>With <span class="menu">File | Edit Query</span> or <span class="key">ALT</span> <span class="key">G</span> you get back to your Find window to refine your query.</p></li>
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<li><p>A query is live, i.e. if a file that matches your search criteria appears or disappears from your system, this change is reflected in your results in real-time.</p></li>
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</ul>
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<p>You can assign a sensible attribute layout for query results of a specific filetype. Open a folder containing files of the filetype you'd like to create a template for and arrange the attributes how you'd like to have query results presented. Copy this layout with <span class="menu">Attributes | Copy Layout</span>.</p>
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<p>Open <span class="path">/boot/home/config/settings/Tracker/DefaultQueryTemplates</span>, create a new folder named <i>group/filetype</i>, replacing the slash with an underscore, e.g. "audio_x-mp3". Open the new folder and paste in the previously copied layout with <span class="menu">Attributes | Paste Layout</span>.</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="query-template" name="query-template">查询模板</a></h2>
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<p>If you double click a saved query, the file search is at once started and the result window opens immediately. However, you may not want to search with these <i>exact</i> search parameters, but use it as starting point to only slightly tweak the formula.<br />
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By using the <span class="menu">Save Query as Template</span> menu item (see <a href="#find-window">(1) in screenshot</a> at the top) or drag&dropping the icon (10) anywhere with the right mouse button, you can create just such a template. Double clicking it won't open a result window, but the Find panel, giving you the opportunity to quickly change search strings or add/remove attributes.</p>
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<p>Wherever you choose to save query templates, they'll be listed in the Find panel's menu of recent queries.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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<div class="inner"><span>
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« <a href="index.html">索引</a>
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:: <a href="contents.html" class="uplink">内容</a>
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:: <a href="workshop-filetypes+attributes.html">操作讲解</a> »
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</span></div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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