160 lines
12 KiB
HTML
160 lines
12 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
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<head>
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<!--
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*
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* Copyright 2008-2013, Haiku. All rights reserved.
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* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
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*
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* Authors:
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* Humdinger <humdingerb@gmail.com>
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* Translators:
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* Adriano Duarte
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*
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-->
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
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<meta name="robots" content="all" />
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<title>Disposição do sistema de arquivos</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../Haiku-doc.css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="banner">
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<div><span>Guia do Usuário</span></div>
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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<div class="inner">
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<ul class="lang-menu">
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<li class="now"><img src="../images/flags/pt_BR.png" alt="" /> Português (Brazil)</li>
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<li><a href="../fr/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/fr.png" alt="" />Français</a></li>
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<li><a href="../de/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/de.png" alt="" />Deutsch</a></li>
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<li><a href="../it/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/it.png" alt="" />Italiano</a></li>
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<li><a href="../ru/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/ru.png" alt="" />Русский</a></li>
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<li><a href="../es/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/es.png" alt="" />Español</a></li>
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<li><a href="../sv_SE/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/sv_SE.png" alt="" />Svenska</a></li>
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<li><a href="../jp/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/jp.png" alt="" />日本語</a></li>
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<li><a href="../uk/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/uk.png" alt="" />Українська</a></li>
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<li><a href="../zh_CN/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/zh_CN.png" alt="" /> 中文 ［中文］</a></li>
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<li><a href="../pt_PT/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/pt_PT.png" alt="" />Português</a></li>
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<li><a href="../fi/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/fi.png" alt="" />Suomi</a></li>
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<li><a href="../sk/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/sk.png" alt="" />Slovenčina</a></li>
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<li><a href="../hu/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/hu.png" alt="" />Magyar</a></li>
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<li><a href="../ca/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/ca.png" alt="" />Català</a></li>
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<li><a href="../en/filesystem-layout.html"><img src="../images/flags/gb.png" alt="" />English</a></li>
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</ul>
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<span>
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« <a href="bootloader.html">Inicializador do Sistema</a>
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:: <a href="contents.html" class="uplink">Conteúdo</a>
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:: <a href="gui.html">Interface Gráfica de Usuário (GUI) do Haiku</a> »
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</span></div>
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</div>
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<div id="content">
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<div>
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<div class="box-info">A tradução desta página ainda não está completa. Até lá, partes incompletas mostrarão o original em inglês.</div>
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<h1>Disposição do sistema de arquivos</h1>
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<p>A disposição do sistema de arquivos do Haiku é totalmente transparente, procurando sempre usar nomes inteligíveis para arquivos e pastas, que não obrigam o usuário a adivinhar do que se trata. Arquivos e pastas que são importantes para o funcionamento do sistema são protegidos de ações acidentais pela exibição de um dos seguintes alertas:</p>
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<img src="images/filesystem-layout-images/achtung-user.png" alt="achtung-user.png" />
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<img src="images/filesystem-layout-images/achtung-system.png" alt="achtung-system.png" />
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<p>O segundo alerta aparece caso tente renomear ou deletar algo na hierarquia do sistema. Aqui, o botão "<span class="button">Rename</span>" somente estará disponível quando o usuário estiver segurando a tecla <span class="key">SHIFT</span>.</p>
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<p>Generally, there are two separate branches springing from the root folder of the boot volume:</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
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<tr><td><span class="path">/boot/system/</span></td><td> </td><td>Contains system files and applications/packages shared by all users.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">/boot/home/</span></td><td> </td><td>This is your personal folder where you keep your data and settings and the applications/packages that are <i>not</i> shared by all users.</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>As long as Haiku isn't multi-user, this distinction between shared and not-shared applications/packages has no apparent effect, as there's only one user with one home folder. But since there will be support for more users than one eventually, it makes sense to learn the right way from the start.</p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="system" name="system">A pasta system - <span class="path">/boot/system/</span></a></h2>
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<p>Under Haiku's predecessor BeOS, this folder was named <span class="path">/boot/beos/</span>. You may still find it in some older documentation (e.g. in the original BeBook).<br />
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Most of the folders inside <span class="path">/boot/system/</span> are read-only, which is sensible as they contain the files necessary for Haiku to function correctly and therefore have to be safe from (accidental) alteration. The only user-writable folders are:</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
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<tr><td><span class="path">/boot/system/cache/</span></td><td> </td><td>Contains cached files and the temporary folder linked to <span class="path">/tmp/</span>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="onelinetop"><span class="path">/boot/system/non-packaged/</span></td><td> </td><td>Contains a hierarchy for files that aren't part of a .hpkg (probably from old BeOS archives).</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">/boot/system/packages/</span></td><td> </td><td>Besides holding Haiku's system packages, you can add/remove packages shared by all users.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">/boot/system/settings/</span></td><td> </td><td>Contains system-wide settings.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">/boot/system/var/</span></td><td> </td><td>Contains logs like the syslog (important when troubleshooting) and is the default location for the swap file.</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p><span class="box-info">For more information on the <span class="path">packages</span> and <span class="path">non-packaged</span> folders, see topic <a href="">Installing applications</a>.</span></p>
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<h2>
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<a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
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<a id="home" name="home">A pasta home - <span class="path">/boot/home/</span></a></h2>
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<p>This folder belongs to you. Here you can create and delete files and folders as you wish. (By the way, the tilde ("<tt>~</tt>") is a shortcut for your home folder, so you don't always have to write "<span class="path">/boot/home/</span>" in Terminal.)<br />
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Files that you'd like to share with other users in a future multi-user environment have do be put outside <span class="path">/boot/home/</span>. For example, you could create a folder <span class="path">/boot/all-users/</span> and put the stuff there.</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
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<tr><td><span class="path">~/Desktop/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td>
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<td>Holds the files of your desktop. Double-clicking won't open it, as it is already always visible. When your files happen to be obscured by open windows, just switch quickly to another <a href="workspaces.html">Workspace</a>. Of course, <a href="tracker.html#drill-down">drilling</a> down by right-clicking is also possible.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">~/mail/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td>
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<td>This is the default location for your mails.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">~/people/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td>
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<td>This is the default location for you contact files, see <a href="applications/people.html">People</a>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">~/queries/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td>
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<td><a href="queries.html">Queries</a> are stored here, by default temporarily for 7 days.</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The folder <span class="path">/boot/home/config/</span> is special: just like <span class="path">/boot/system/</span> it's mostly under the control of the package management and therefore read-only. It too contains these similar user-writable folders:</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
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<tr><td><span class="path">~/config/packages/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td>
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<td>Here you can add/remove packages that are <i>not</i> shared by all users.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="onelinetop"><span class="path">~/config/non-packaged/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Contains a hierarchy for files that aren't part of a .hpkg (probably from old BeOS archives) and are <i>not</i> shared by all users.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">~/config/settings/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Esta pasta contém as definições de todas as aplicações e certas configurações para o sistema. Algumas aplicações gerenciam suas definições em subpastas próprias, outras simplesmente colocam seu arquivo de configuração aqui.</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p><span class="box-info">For more information on the <span class="path">packages</span> and <span class="path">non-packaged</span> folders, see topic <a href="">Installing applications</a>.</span></p>
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<p>Here are some of the more interesting subfolders in <span class="path">~/config/settings</span>:</p>
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<table summary="layout" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4">
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<tr><td><span class="path">boot/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"> </td>
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<td>Esta pasta é o local para aqueles <a href="bash-scripting.html#user-scripts">Scripts de Usuário</a> que são executados antes ou depois que o sistema inicializa ou é desligado.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">boot/launch/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Vínculos para programas ou documentos nesta pasta são automaticamente lançados a cada inicialização do sistema.</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">beos_mime/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Neste banco de dados <acronym title="Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions">MIME</acronym> o Haiku mantém uma lista de todos os diferentes <a href="filetypes.html">tipos de arquivos</a> e suas definições.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="onelinetop"><span class="path">deskbar/menu/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Copied or linked to files/folders/queries in this folder appear in the <a href="deskbar.html#deskbar-menu">Deskbar menu</a>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="onelinetop"><span class="path">kernel/drivers/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Existe um arquivo de definições que pode ser de interesse: <span class="cli">kernel</span> oferece algumas configurações de baixo nível tais como desabilitar <acronym title="Symmetric Multi Processing">SMP</acronym>, ativar depuração serial ou habilitar gerenciamento avançado de energia. Ativa-se a linha de configuração removendo o símbolo de comentário "<tt>#</tt>". Tenha muito cuidado aqui!</td></tr>
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<tr><td><span class="path">Tracker/</span></td><td> </td>
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<td>Além dos vários arquivos de definição para o Rastreador (Tracker), existem algumas subpastas interessantes:</td></tr>
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<tr><td align="right"><span class="path">DefaultFolderTemplate/</span></td><td style="width:10px;"></td><td>Mostra e organiza todos os atributos e o tamanho da janela ao seu gosto. Toda nova pasta que for criada a usará como modelo.</td></tr>
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<tr><td align="right"><span class="path">DefaultQueryTemplates/</span></td><td></td><td>Pode-se definir a disposição da janela do resultado de consulta para certos tipos de arquivo. Veja o tópico <a href="queries.html#result-window">Consulta: A janela de resultado</a>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td align="right"><span class="path">Go/</span></td><td></td><td>Ponha vínculos para seus locais favoritos aqui para torná-los disponíveis, por exemplo abrir e salvar painéis. Veja o tópico <a href="gui.html#favorites-recent">Interface Gráfica de Usuário (GUI) do Haiku: Favoritos e pastas recentes</a>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td align="right"><span class="path">Tracker New Template/</span></td><td></td><td>Adicione um modelo para qualquer tipo de arquivo, o qual estará, então, disponível a partir do menu <span class="menu">Arquivo | Novo...</span> do Rastreador (Tracker). Veja o tópico <a href="tracker.html#working-with-files">Rastreador (Tracker): trabalhando com arquivos</a>.</td></tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="nav">
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<div class="inner"><span>
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« <a href="bootloader.html">Inicializador do Sistema</a>
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:: <a href="contents.html" class="uplink">Conteúdo</a>
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:: <a href="gui.html">Interface Gráfica de Usuário (GUI) do Haiku</a> »
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</span></div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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